National gov ch 1

argued, people should be allowed to operate as they wish and keep the proceeds of their work. Competition would ensure that prices remained low and faulty goods disappeared from the market. In this way, businesses would reap profits, consumers would have their needs satisfied, and society as a whole would prosper.

Adam Smith

right to vote or to hold public office; integrated schools and public accommodations, prohibited discrimination in housing and employment, increased access to higher education. Activists for women's rights fought for, and won, greater reproductive freedom for women, better wages, and access to credit.

Civil rights legislation

networks of individuals, a sense that one is part of an entity larger than oneself, concern for the collective good and a willingness to help others, and the ability to trust others and to work with them to find solutions to problems.

Included in social capital are such things as

an English political philosopher of the seventeenth century, all people have natural rights to life, liberty, and property.

John Locke (1632-1704)

wealthy, politically powerful people control government, and government has no interest in meeting the needs of ordinary people

The elite theory of government maintains that ________.

voccur as a result of conflict between groups representing the competing interests of citizens.

Tradeoffs

in a representative democracy, people elect representatives to make political decisions and pass laws for then. In a direct democracy, people make all political decisions and pass laws themselves

What is the difference between a representative democracy and a direct democracy?

People can pay attention to the news in order to be aware of the most important issuesof the day. They can contribute money to a campaign or attend a rally in support of a political candidate whose views they favor. They can write letters to members of congress and to state and local politicans. they can vote.

What political activities can people engage in other than running for office?

The government pleases environmental activists by preserving public lands but also pleases ranchers by allowing them to rent public lands for grazing purposes.

Which of the following is a good example of a tradeoff?

political power, representative dem, majority rule, minority rights, direct dem, monarchy, totalitarianism,

different types of government

claims political power rests in the hands of a small, elite group of claims political power rests in the hands of a small, elite group of people

elite theory

describes the means by which a society organizes itself and allocates authority in order to accomplish collective goals and provide benefits that the society as a whole needs.

government

the beliefs and ideals that help to shape political opinion and eventually policy

ideology

many people can use the same good or service at the same time.

non-rivalrous

a form of government where a handful of elite society members hold political power

oligarchy

strong support, or even blind allegiance, for a particular political party

partisanship

blindly identify with and to support a particular political party , alienates some Americans who feel that elected representatives should vote in support of the nation's best interests instead of voting in the way their party wishes them to.

partisanship, which is the tendency to

Rather than resting in the hands of individuals, a variety of organized groups hold power, with some groups having more influence on certain issues than others. .

pluralist theory

influence over a government's institutions, leadership, or policies

political power

the process of gaining and exercising control within a government for the purpose of setting and achieving particular goals, especially those related to the division of resources within a nation.

politics

a form of government where voters elect representatives to make decisions and pass laws on behalf of all the people instead of allowing people to vote directly on laws

representative democracy

only 1 person can use the good or service at any given time

rivalrous

connections with others and the willingness to interact and aid them

social capital

a good that is available to many people but is used only by those who can pay the price to do so (private school)

toll good

a form of government where government is all-powerful and citizens have no rights

totalitarianism

economic prosperity for the nation, secure national borders, and the safety and well-being of citizens. Governments also provide benefits eg. health care, infrastructure and transportation.

what goals do governments seek to accomplish?