Natural Laws Review

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Inertia

The tendency of an object to resist a change in motion; keeps a parked car parked

Momentum

The tendency of an object to stay in motion or the inertia of an object in motion

3 collisions that could occur in a crash

Vehicle against another object, driver against windshield, drivers organs against skeleton

3 factors that affect the force of impact

Vehicle speed, weight, and distance between stopping and impact

Passive Restraint Device

a restraint device that works automatically (ex air bags)

Active Restraint Device

a restraint device you must engage (ex seat belts)

What are 4 factors that affect a car going into a curve?

Sharpness of curve, speed, load (weight), and shape of road

centrifugal force

a force that keeps your car moving in a straight line

Blowout

all of the air in a tire escapes at once

Restraint Device

any part of a vehicle that holds an occupant in place during a crash

Energy-Absorbing Bumpers

bumpers designed to absorb low levels of impact without damage

Overinflation

causes a tire where only the center grips the road

Underinflation

causes a tire where only the outer edges provide traction

3 factors that affect a person's reaction time

distractions, sleepiness, drugs/alcohal

Tread

grooved surface of a tire. removes water from tires' footprint to avoid hydroplaning

Energy of Motion

kinetic energy; proportionate to the weight of the vehicle

Head Restraints

padded headrests on the top of seats designed to protect against whiplash injuries

Side-Impact Panels

reinforced panels on the sides of a vehicle that can absorb crash energy

6 factors that affect a vehicle's braking distance

speed, weight, vehicle condition, roadway services, braking system , and hills

Traction

the adhesive or holding quality of friction -the gripping action

Total Stopping Distance

the distance your car travels from the time you first perceive a hazard until you reach a full stop

Perception Distance

the distance your vehicle travels during your perception time

Braking Distance

the distance your vehicle travels from the time you apply the brake until you stop

Reaction Distance

the distance your vehicle travels while you react

Vehicle Balance

the distribution of a vehicle's weight on its tires as they contact the road

Gravity

the force that pulls all things to Earth

Force of Impact

the force with which a moving object hits another object

Crush Zones

the front and rear ends of a vehicle designed to crumple during a collision

Perception Time

the length of time it takes you to identify a hazard, predict a conflict, and decide to brake

Reaction Time

the length of time you take to apply the brake

Center of Gravity

the point around which an object's weight is evenly distributed

Friction

the resistance to motion of one surface over or against another (vehicle speed goes up so _________ goes down)

banked curve

when a turn in the road is designed to be higher on one side than the other

Penetration-Resistant Panels

windshields made with a thin layer of plastic between two layers of glass


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