NBCOT Practice Book Questions

An individual with hemiplagie has inadewuate ankle dorsiflexion on the affected side. Which requirement is best for the OTA to recommend the person use to compensate for this deficit and facilitate safe and effective ambulation? A. An ankle-foot orthosis (AFO). B. A wide-based quad cane (WBQC). C. A narrow-based quad can (BBQC). D. A knee-ankle-foot orhtosis (KAFO).

A. An ankle-foot orthosis (AFO).

An adult with schizophrenia has been experiencing negative symptoms of restricted emotion, decreased engagement, and a lack of energy. Which group is the best for the OTA to include in the client's intervention plan? A. An arts and crafts group in which each client works on a self-selected individual project. B. A meal planning and preparation group in which client works collaboratively with others. C. A stress management group that includes biofeedback and visualization. D. A support group for persons with schizophrenia in which all clients share their stories.

A. An arts and crafts group in which each client works on a self-selected individual project.

An OTA constructs a splint for an individual with brachial plexus injury with full arm involvement. Which orthosis would be most effective for this condition? A. An elbow lock splint. B. A flail arm splint. C. A figure pf eight splint. D. A deltoid sling.

A. An elbow lock splint.

A school-based OTA is working with a child who has poor sitting posture, inefficient grasp, and excessive writing pressure into the paper. The OTA collaborates with the occupational therapist and determines that the best intervention approach requires integration of more than one intervention model. Which approaches will most effectively address all the child's deficits? A. A combination of biomechanical and psychosocial approaches. A. An isometric strengthening program. C. A combination of acquisition and motor learning approaches. D. A combination of psychosocial and neurodevelopmental approaches.

A. An isometric strengthening program.

An individual has relocated to a new area and begins treatment at an outpatient OT clinic for follow-up after rotator cuff surgery. It is eight weeks' post-operation. Which is the most effective intervention for the OTA to implement at this time? A. An isometric strengthening program. B. Passive range of motion. C. Active range of motion. D. An isotonic strengthening program.

A. An isometric strengthening program.

An OTA reviews the positioning protocol for a premature infant with severe spastic cerebral palsy with the infants parents. The protocol is in written format. During the review, the OTA notices that the parents do not seem able to follow along with the protocol's text. Which action is best for the OTA to take initially in response to this observation? A. Ask the parents if they have any concerns about positioning their infant. B. Ask the parents if they can read and understand English. C. Include pictures of proper positioning in the protocol. D. Demonstrate proper positioning techniques.

A. Ask the parents if they have any concerns about positioning their infant.

A carpenter recovering from injuries incurred during a fall from a ladder has decreased strength in the triceps, bilaterally. The most recent manual muscle test indicated that the triceps' muscle strength is 3. The OTA provides the client with a tabletop wood project to complete. to develop triceps' muscle strength, how should the OTA position the tabletop when the person sands the project? A. At a 45-degree incline angle so that the individual's hands are above the elbows when the elbows are flexed. B. At the individual's waist height so that the individual's hands and elbows are on the same plane when the elbow flex. C. At a 45-degree angle inclined angle so that the individual's hands are below the elbows when the elbows are flexed.

A. At a 45-degree incline angle so that the individual's hands are above the elbows when the elbows are flexed.

An OTA receives a referral to provide home-based services to an older adult who lives alone in a fourth-floor walk-up apartment. Upon entering the apartment, the OTA notes the sweltering heat. The apartment has no fans or air conditioners. The client's skin is hot, dry, and red, and breathing is labored. The OTA offers the client a glass of water and places ice compresses on the arterial pressure points to help with cooling. Which is the most important action for the OTA to take next? A. Cancel the intervention session and call for an ambulance to provide emergency medical services to the client. B. Proceed with the planned intervention session and include documentation about the client's environmental conditions in the intervention report. C. Contact the home health agency's occupational therapist to report the client's environmental conditions and then proceed with the planned intervention session. D. Cancel the intervention session and advise the client to contact a doctor how to best address the impact of hot weather on personal health.

A. Cancel the intervention session and call for an ambulance to provide emergency medical services to the client.

A middle school-aged child with right upper extremity amelia attends occupational therapy to learn how to dress independently. Which of the following is most beneficial for the OTA to focus on during intervention? A. Donning and doffing a variety of shirt types of personal preference. B. Donning and doffing only shirts that can be donned overhead. C. Donning and doffing shirts that button in the front. D. Donning and doffing shirts with velcro tabs sewn on to replace buttons.

A. Donning and doffing a variety of shirt types of personal preference.

An OTA with established service competence completes a standardized early intervention screening of an 8-month-old child. The results indicate that the child can sit independently by propping forward on both arms. The OTA collaborates with the occupational therapist to determine the next step to take in working with this child. Which is the best action for the OTA to complete next? A. Evaluate the child's sensorimotor skills using a standardized assessment. B. Inform the parents that the child exhibits typical behavior. C. Develop goals to improve sitting balance. D. Provide play activities to develop dynamic sitting balance.

A. Evaluate the child's sensorimotor skills using a standardized assessment.

A young adult with a 10-year history of serious mental illness is being discharged home in 2 days. The client collaborates with the care coordination team to plan discharge with the client's primary family members. The team consists of a psychiatrist, a registered nurse, a social worker, an occupational therapist, and an OTA. The team conducts a pre-discharge family meeting to provide family members with information to assist them in supporting the client;s recovery. What is the most relevant information for the occupational therapist and OTA to provide to the client's primary family members in this meeting? A. Family role activity suggestions an potential adaptations. B. The therapeutic effects and potential side effects of medications. C. Advocacy strategies and consumer/family resources. D. Information on family dynamics and family support groups.

A. Family role activity suggestions an potential adaptations.

An OTA has established service competency in completing biomechanical assessments. The OTA evaluates a person who complains of persistent wrist pain after painting a house three weeks ago. The patient demonstrates signs and symptoms consistent with the Quervain's tenosynovitis. Which assessment measure should the OTA use to confirm diagnosis? A. Finelstein's test. B. Phalen's test. C. Froment's sign.

A. Finelstein's test.

A patient had a brian tumor removed one month ago and exhibits residual cognitive-perceptual deficits. The OTA uses a neurofunctional approach to remediate the client's cognitive dysfunction. Which of the following are best for the OTA to include in the intervention program? Select the three BEST responses. A. Functional activities in their contexts. B. Tabletop activities to practice remediation strategies. C. Computer games to develop performance component skills. D. Routine tasks that have been adapted so the client can perform them. E. Client education on adaptive approaches to strengthen residual abilities. F. Client education on strategies to remediate deficits and restore abilities.

A. Functional activities in their contexts. D. Routine tasks that have been adapted so the client can perform them. E. Client education on adaptive approaches to strengthen residual abilities.

An OTA is treating an adult who sustained a radial nerve injury at work. During a therapy session, the OTA observes the client yawning excessively and having difficulty concentrating on the therapeutic activities. The client works a midnight to 7 am shift. The client reports irregular sleep pattern due to disruptions that occur during the day when the client needs to sleep. The OTA suspects poor sleep hygiene may have been a contributing factor to the work-related injury. After discussing the client's typical sleep routine with the client, which of the following environmental approaches should the OTA recommend to the client? Select the three BEST responses. A. Install room-darkening shades. B. Play soothing music to relax. B. Mediate for 30 minutes prior to bedtime. D. Do not eat for 2 hours prior to bedtime. E. If unable to sleep, get up do a boring chore. F. Use earplugs and/or white noise machines to block out sound.

A. Install room-darkening shades. B. Play soothing music to relax. F. Use earplugs and/or white noise machines to block out sound.

An individual recovering from hepatitis, type C has decreased upper extremity muscle strength and hypertension. Six month ago, the client had an angioplasty and is very fearful of having a heart attack. Which should the OTA advise the client to perform to increase muscle strength? A. Isotonic exercises. B. Isometric exercises. C. Contract-relax exercise. D. Muscle contractions and holds.

A. Isotonic exercises.

An OTA working in a skilled nursing facility conducts an in service on validation therapy for the recently hired staff of a new psychogeriatric unit. Which fundamental principle of validation therapy is important for the OTA to include in this presentation? A. Listen to the words the residents use to ascertain each person's underlying message. B. Provide highly structured activities to refocus the residents on reality. C. Provide unstructured activities to facilitate the residents' expression of feelings. D. Listen to the words the residents use and provide realty orientation for invalid statement.

A. Listen to the words the residents use to ascertain each person's underlying message.

An elementary school student with autism spectrum disorder is referred to occupational therapy. One of the student's goal is to self-initiate goal-directed play to decrease the frequency of self-stimulating behaviors of hand waving and rocking. The student's verbal communication is impaired, but the student compensates by using picture cards to let others know what is wanted or needed. Which of the following approaches to initiate are self-play in the home environment is best for the OTA to suggest to the student's parents? A. Provide limited play choices using picture cards, encourage choosing, and give verbal praise when the child chooses an activity. B. Allow the child time to choose a play activity from several options and do not provide guidance to ensure self-directed decision making. C. Provide limited choices using picture cards and only give verbal praise when the child participates in the chosen play activity. D. Include the child in after-school programs to socialize with other children and provide role-modeling opportunities for typical behaviors.

A. Provide limited play choices using picture cards, encourage choosing, and give verbal praise when the child chooses an activity.

An adult who incurred a severe traumatic brain injury is entering the second week of acute care at a long-term TBI rehabilitation center. The patient's family visits regularly asks multiple questions of the treatment team. With the patient's permission, a team and family conference is planned to address family concerns. Which is the most important information for the team to share with the family? A. Realistic and clear information about the individual's current status and care plan. B. Each team member's expert opinion about the expected prognosis and discharge recommendations. C. Reimbursement information about each professional service to help determine treatment options. D. Community resources for family support and respite care.

A. Realistic and clear information about the individual's current status and care plan.

An OTA works with an adolescent with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy. The adolescent expresses concern that they can no longer close snaps or zippers on jeans. Which recommendation is best for the OTA to make tot his client in response to these expressed concerns? A. Replace snaps and zippers with Velcro. B. Replace snaps and zippers with large buttons. C. Use zipper pull to zip jeans and leave the snaps unsnapped. D. Purchase elastic waist pants to replace jeans.

A. Replace snaps and zippers with Velcro.

An OTA works with a person who is recovering from the removal of a brain tumor from the parietal lobe. The client has established a goal to resume the role of home maintainer. Which is most important focus for the OTA to include during intervention sessions focused on the development of home management skills? A. Safety precautions to observe when cooking and ironing. B. Compensatory techniques for finding items in the supermarket. C. Organizational strategies for managing the household budget. D. The use of a wheeled cart to assist with balance while doing laundry.

A. Safety precautions to observe when cooking and ironing.

An adolescent incurred a C4 spinal cord injury. During the initial session, the patient refuses to speak to the OTA. The OTA supportively acknowledges the client's response. Which action should the OTA take next? A. Set up a chin-operated bedside environment control unit. B. Provide passive range of motion to prevent contractures. C. Explain what OT can offer the adolescent to adjust to decreased abilities. D. Ask the adolescent to tell nursing staff when personally ready for OT.

A. Set up a chin-operated bedside environment control unit.

During an intervention session in a school, the OTA observes a young child turn the pages of a book. The OTA identifies this behavior as an example of an in-hand manipulation task. What task should the OTA report to the occupational therapist that the child is capable of performing? A. Shift. B. Simple rotation. C. Translation. D. Translation without stabilization.

A. Shift.

An individual with Lyme disease receives outpatient occupational therapy services. Upon evaluation, the occupational therapist and the OTA determine that the person's Lyme disease had resulted in a number of nervous system abnormalities including numbness in the hands and toes, bladder control impairments, and Bell's palsy. The person is upset that their Lyme disease is preventing them from doing things like a "normal" person. Which intervention is best for the OTA to implement during the first intervention session? A. Teach the person to perform Kegel exercises to improve bladder control. B. The application of thermal heat modalities to address numbness in the hands. C. Train person to use their fingers to prevent spillage of a bolus through the lips.

A. Teach the person to perform Kegel exercises to improve bladder control.

An individual with amyotropic lateral sclerosis requires the use of an environmental control unit (ECU) to access electrical devices and a personal emergency response system. The individual lives alone and self-directs personal care attendants to perform activities of daily living. During instruction to the individual on the capabilities and use of the ECU, which is most important for the OTA to discuss with the client? A. The ECU's backup source and charging instructions. B. Additional assistive technology available. C. Augmentative alternative communication options. D. Funding for assistive technology.

A. The ECU's backup source and charging instructions.

An OTA evaluates a client's pain by asking the client which movements or activities elicit pain. Which of the following is the OTA assessing? A. The triggers of pain. B. The quality of pain. C. The intensity of pain.

A. The triggers of pain.

A person incurred a traumatic above-elbow amputation to the non-dominant upper extremity. The client establishes a goal to be independent in all ADL using the residual limb without a prosthesis. However, the limb is painful and very sensitive. Which should the OTA include in the OT intervention program? Select the three BEST responses. A. Training in compensatory strategies and adaptive equipment to enable the unilateral performance of tasks. B. Instruction in how to use the residual non-dominant upper extremity as a stabilizer during task performance. C. Implementation of an exercise program to focus on strengthening muscles that will enable the effective use of a prosthesis. D. Instruction in how to protectively wrap the residual limb with an elastic bandage in a circular manner to decrease pain and manage hypersensitivity. E. Instruction in how to protectively wrap the residual limb in a figure-of-eight diagonal pattern going from a distal to proximal direction. F. Refer the client to an amputee support group to increase acceptance of the need for a prosthesis to attain ADL independence.

A. Training in compensatory strategies and adaptive equipment to enable the unilateral performance of tasks. B. Instruction in how to use the residual non-dominant upper extremity as a stabilizer during task performance. E. Instruction in how to protectively wrap the residual limb in a figure-of-eight diagonal pattern going from a distal to proximal direction.

In a school setting, a 6-year-old child is referred to occupational therapy for interventions to develop skills for handwriting and engagement in other fine motor activities. During an individualized education plan meeting, the OTA explains how upper extremity hypotonicity can influence handwriting and other fine motor activities. The OTA recommends having the child engage in home exercises prior to completing homework that requires handwriting. Which is the best method for the OTA to use when discussing the relationship between muscle tone and handwriting with the child s parents/ A. Use common, everyday language to explain this functional relationship. B. Use medical terminology to empathize the importance of the recommendations. Use the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework language to support OT's focus.

A. Use common, everyday language to explain this functional relationship.

The OTA collaborates with the occupational therapist to review the use of the occupational therapy department's resources to determine medical necessity and cost efficiency. Which service management task is the OTA working on with the occupational therapist? A. Utilization review. B. Retrospective peer review. C. Total quality management. D. Risk management.

A. Utilization review.

A OTA provides occupational therapy services at a homeless shelter that includes residents who are HIV positive. Which procedure should the OTA follow when conducting several therapeutic groups to develop participants' ADL and IADL skills? A. Wash hands before and after each group session. B. Always wear latex gloves during groups. C. Wear latex gloves during meal preparation activities. D. Implement transmission-based precautions.

A. Wash hands before and after each group session.

An OTA working in an outpatient cardiac rehabilitation center collaborates with the supervising occupational therapist to develop an intervention plan for an individual who has entered Phase 2 of cardiac recovery. Which activities would be best for them to include in the intervention plan? A. Weeding a garden and doing low-impact aerobics. B. Putting away groceries and keyboarding. C. Washing dishes and playing tabletop board games. D. Carrying groceries up the stairs and playing basketball.

A. Weeding a garden and doing low-impact aerobics.

A woman with a complete spinal cord injury at the C5 level has given birth to her first child. The client seeks suggestions on methods to facilitate independent and safe parenting. Which of the following is most beneficial for the OTA to recommend the mother use to help her independently feed her child? A.A pillow to support the mother's arm during breast feeding. B. Pre-measured formula to simplify the task. C. Bottles that have molded, easy-to-grip shapes. D. A sling to support the infant's head during feeding.

A.A pillow to support the mother's arm during breast feeding.

A client recovering from a left CVA demonstrates increased flexor tone in the dominant right upper extremity while lying to re-learn to write with the left hand. Which of the following is most accurate for the OTA to state the client is exhibiting when documenting this observation? A.An associated reaction. B. A tonic labyrinth reflex. C. An asymmetrical tonic neck reflex.

A.An associated reaction.

An OTA conducts a home assessment for an individual with a complete T10-level spinal cord injury. The only entrance to the home has five steps, a total of 35 inches in height. Which ramp length is best for the OTA to recommend the family have constructed? A. 17 1/2 feet. B. 35 feet. C. 70 feet.

B. 35 feet.

A high school senior with Friedreich's ataxia is working on developing keyboarding skills in a school-to-work transition program. During the initial session, the OTA observers signs of dysmetria. Which is the most appropriate adaptation for the OTA to recommend to increase the effectiveness of the student's keyboarding? A. An eye-gaze input system. B. A key guard overlay. C. A voice-activated input system. D. A reduced size keyboard.

B. A key guard overlay.

An OTA advises a parent of an 18-month-old with developmental delay on techniques to facilitate feeding. The child has a reflexive bite. Which utensil is most beneficial for the OTA to recommend the parent use when feeding the child? A. A deep-bowled soupspoon. B. A narrow, shallow-coated spoon. C. A plastic spork.

B. A narrow, shallow-coated spoon.

An OTA working in a skilled nursing facility conducts an initial therapeutic feeding session with an older adult with dysphagia. During the session the resident consistently expresses a desire to return home. Which is the OTA's best response? A. Redirect the conversation to the texture and taste of the food. B. Acknowledge the resident's desire to return home. C. End the session and report the resident's desire. D. Offer to contact the resident's family to convey this desire.

B. Acknowledge the resident's desire to return home.

During an intervention session, an individual with a spinal cord injury at C7 reports redness on the ischial tuberosity during their morning self-exam with a mirror. Which action is most effective for the OTA to recommend to the client in response to their reported observations? B. Acknowledge the resident's desire to return home. B. Consider applying for a tilt-in-space wheelchair. C. Use an angled foam cushion. D. Self-direct caregivers to assist with weight shifting.

B. Acknowledge the resident's desire to return home.

An individual with rheumatoid arthritis is currently in a stage of remission. During this inactive chronic phase of this disease, the OTA works with the client to maintain range of motion and muscle strength. Which of the following is most effective for the OTA to recommend the client include in a daily home exercise program? A. Passive ROM. B. Active ROM. C. Isotonics. D. Progressive resistance.

B. Active ROM.

During an intervention session focused on the development of grasp and shoulder mobility, an OTA asks a client to move numerous identical one-pound-cans of vegetables from the countertop to the cabinet shelf above the counter. According to contemporary motor learning approaches, what type of practice has the OTA implemented for this client? A. Random practice. B. Blocked practice. C. Planned practice.

B. Blocked practice.

A middle-school-aged child with osteogenesis imperfecta reports feelings of low self-esteem, social isolation, boredom, and lethargy. The OTA collaborates with the child to identify resources for after-school leisure activities to promote socialization and community participation. Which of the following activities are most beneficial for the OTA to explore with the child? Select the three BEST responses. A. Team sports. B. Chess clubs. C. Computer-based gaming clubs. D. Public park programs. E. Adapted horseback riding. F. Public aquatic programs.

B. Chess clubs. C. Computer-based gaming clubs. F. Public aquatic programs.

An OTA collaborates with an occupational therapist to develop an after-school program for adolescents with obesity who also have diabetes or who are at risk for developing diabetes. Which program development action should the therapist and the OTA take first? A. Obtain statistical data about adolescent obesity to support the need for the program to the school administration. B. Collaborate with the occupational therapist to survey the adolescents about their occupational performance. C. Collaborate with the occupational therapist to survey occupational therapy practitioners about services they provide to obese adolescents. D. Review the professional literature about programs for obese adolescents to obtain ideas for the program's activities.

B. Collaborate with the occupational therapist to survey the adolescents about their occupational performance.

An OTA works with a person who incurred full-thickened burns to both arms. Which intervention approach would be the most effective for the OTA to provide to control hypertrophic scar formation? A. Axillary splints applied in the airplane position. B. Compression garments. C. Wound grafting. D. Elevation of the areas just above heart level.

B. Compression garments.

At a home care intervention planning meeting, the team discusses a client with a right CVA. The physical therapist states the individual's ambulatory status is now within functional limits. Physical therapy services will be discontinued because the person is no longer home bound. The OTA reports that the individual is frequently confused during home management task performance and becomes extremely anxious when community activities are proposed. Prior to this meeting, the OTA had discussed these concerns the occupational therapist. During the meeting, which recommendation is best for the OTA to make? A. Refer the individual to a psychiatrist for a mental status evaluation to help inform discharge planning. B. Continue OT services as the person should continue to be considered homebound. C. Discontinue OT services as they are non-reimbursable because the person is no longer considered homebound. D. Contact the physician to discuss the need for OT services on an outpatient basis and for psychosocial counseling.

B. Continue OT services as the person should continue to be considered homebound.

An OTA develops a task skill group for the patients of a psychiatric unit. The OTA considers several activities to use for the group's first session. Which activity is best for the OTA to present to the group members? A. Planning a pizza party for a weekend evening. B. Decorating Styrofoam cups and planting cuttings in them. C. Publishing a weekly newsletter about city attractions for patients on the unit. D. Painting a large mural to cover one wall of the day room.

B. Decorating Styrofoam cups and planting cuttings in them.

An OTA scheduled to give a 1-hour presentation to a support group of parents of infants with a diversity of developmental disabilities. Which of the following is the most important focus for the OTA's presentation? A. Demonstration of infant positioning techniques. B. Discussion of typical areas of concern addressed by OT practitioners. C. Demonstration of different types of developmental assessments. D. Discussion of the individual Family Service Plan (IFSP).

B. Discussion of typical areas of concern addressed by OT practitioners.

An occupational therapy administrator implements a continuous quality improvement program at a large, private, hand therapy clinic. The administrator determines that the OTA staff is not completing their assigned initial standardized screenings in a timely manner, which has resulted in scheduling delays for complete functional evaluations. Which initial action is most effective for the administrator to take in response to this situation? A. Counsel the OTAs on the need to adhere to screening schedules. B. Examine the organizational structure of the screening process. C. Assign the occupational therapist to complete all screenings.

B. Examine the organizational structure of the screening process.

The residents of a halfway house plan a community leisure activity for a Saturday. Two residents state that they cannot participate in Saturday activities due to religious observance. The other residents express strong interest in the activity. Which is the OTA's best response to this situation? A. Schedule an in-house Saturday activity for the two residents. B. Explore with the group an alternative schedule for a community leisure activity. C. Schedule an in-house Saturday leisure activity for all residents. D. Recommend the two members seek approval from their religious leadership to attend the Saturday activity.

B. Explore with the group an alternative schedule for a community leisure activity.

A client is receiving acute care occupational therapy services for an exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis. The client presents with pain and inflammation in the wrist and fingers. The OTA and occupational therapist collaborate to plan intervention. Which approaches should they include in their initial intervention plan? Select the three BEST responses. A. The application of hot packs to the hands. B. Gentle stretching of the wrists and fingers. C. Training in how to avoid positions of deformity. D. The completion of graded isotonic exercises. E. Education on the benefits of wearing bilateral resting hand splints. F. Training in joint protection techniques for homemaking tasks.

B. Gentle stretching of the wrists and fingers. C. Training in how to avoid positions of deformity. E. Education on the benefits of wearing bilateral resting hand splints.

A developmental evaluation has determined that an 8-month-old with myelomeningocele at the L1 level has no developmental delays. To foster the child's continued gross motor development, which of the following activities would be best for the OTA focus on with this child during intervention? A. Rolling from prone to supine position without assistance. B. Increasing dynamic trunk balance when sitting without support. C. Transitioning from sitting to supine to sitting.

B. Increasing dynamic trunk balance when sitting without support.

A school-based OTA implements an intervention plan for an elementary school student who has cystic fibrosis. The individualized education plan (IEP) was developed during a meeting with the child's parents, teachers, and occupational therapist. The school nurse and dietitian also contributes to this plan. Which is the best primary focus for occupational therapy services for this student? A. Ensuring that the student's school lunches and snacks provide adequate nutrition and hydration. B. Instructing the student and teacher in the use of energy conservation techniques during activities. C. Monitoring the student for signs of fatigue, which may lead to cardiac and respiratory problems. D. Assessing the student for developmental delays,, medical complications, and psychological status.

B. Instructing the student and teacher in the use of energy conservation techniques during activities.

As the result of an industrial accident, an individual incurred a right transradial (below-the-elbow) amputation. The client is right-hand-dominant. The client underwent surgical revision to their residual limb two weeks ago and now wears a limb shrinker. The client is referred to occupational therapy for an initial evaluation. The occupational therapist and the OTA collaborate to complete the evaluation. Which is best for them to include in the initial evaluation session? A. Train the client in the use of adaptive strategies and equipment to perform BADL independently. B. Measure the client's right upper extremity residual limb length, circumference, and sensitivity. C. Assess the client's ability to protectively wrap the residual limb with an elastic bandage in a circular manner.

B. Measure the client's right upper extremity residual limb length, circumference, and sensitivity.

An individual with bilateral proximal weakness identifies a goal of independence in self-feeding. Which equipment is most beneficial for the OTA to recommend for goal attainment? A. An electric feeder. B. Mobile arm support. C. Extended long-handed utensils.

B. Mobile arm support.

An individual recovering from a head trauma exhibits a motor pattern indicative of being influenced by the symmetrical tonic neck reflex. Which is most likely for the OTA to observe the client having difficulty with during functional mobility? A. Moving both arms to midline when supine. B. Moving from lying to sitting. C. Flexing the head from supine position. D. Extending the head from the prone position.

B. Moving from lying to sitting.

A non-English-speaking family attends a discharge planning session. The assigned OTA does not share the language of the family. Which action should the OTA take first? A. Make a referral for a home care therapist to visit the family to provide in home education. B. Obtain an interpreter to communicate with the family during the session. C. Attempt to communicate with the family through nonverbal communication. D. Consult with the occupational therapist to develop a discharge plan.

B. Obtain an interpreter to communicate with the family during the session.

During a wheelchair evaluation, an individual with limited functional mobility expresses concern about the ability to continue volunteer work at a local church. The church's doorways are 31 inches wide. The client knows (from a recent home remodeling project) that 32 inches is the minimum width recommended for wheelchair access. After the evaluation, the OTA reviews the client's concerns with the occupational therapist and they determine the most effective way to address the client's concerns and functional mobility needs. Based on this review, what is the best recommendation for the OTA to make to the client? A. Have the church its doorways to comply with ADA requirements. B. Order a wheelchair with wrap-around armrests. C. Have the client explore alternative volunteer activities in accessible locations. D. Order a customized narrow adult wheelchair.

B. Order a wheelchair with wrap-around armrests.

An OTA works in a subacute rehabilitation facility. A newly admitted patient has right hemiplegia and a right shoulder subluxation. The OTA meets with the nursing staff that will be providing primary care to the patient. The OTA recommends that the direct care staff position the patient in left side-lying. Which is the best bed position for the OTA to recommend for placement of the patient's right arm? A. In 90 degrees of humeral abduction and internally rotadet. B. Protracted, with arm forward on a pillow and the elbow extended or slightly flexed. C. On the person's side, adducted and internally rotated. D. In 90 degrees of abduction of the humerus with neutral rotation.

B. Protracted, with arm forward on a pillow and the elbow extended or slightly flexed.

An older adult recovering from a CVA is receiving outpatient therapy services. The client presents with left hemiparesis of the upper and lower extremities. The client lives with and receives care from a family caregiver. The client arrives for a therapy session, and the OTA notes multiple bruises on the client;s arm and legs. When asked about the bruises, the client cannot explain how they occurred. Later in the session, the client reports that the family caregiver is under a great deal of stress and becomes angry during the provision of personal care to the client. After documenting the bruises and the client;s statement, which action should the OTA take next? A. Call the police and report the family caregiver for suspected elder abuse. B. Report the potential abuse according to the outpatient facility's policies and procedures. C. Recommend the family hire a home heath aide to decrease caregiver burden. D. Consult with the occupational therapist regarding an action plan for the next session.

B. Report the potential abuse according to the outpatient facility's policies and procedures.

An adult with obsessive-compulsive disorder is hospitalized due to the exacerbation of symptoms. During the patient's first occupational therapy group, which is the most beneficial activity for the OTA to employ with this person? A. Sanding a cutting board. B. Repotting plants. C. Stringing small beads into a necklace. D. Lacing a wallet with the double cordovan stitch.

B. Repotting plants.

An OTA accepts a position at an adult day care and respire program for older adults with a variety of physical and cognitive disability. The OTA has only clinical experience in school-based practice. Which is the most effective way for the OTA to prepare for the professional responsibilities this new position will entail? A. Attend support group meetings for caregivers of older adults. B. Review current literature on occupation-based and evidence-based care of older adults. C. Review area demographic information on older adults with disabilities. D. Confer with the program's administrative director.

B. Review current literature on occupation-based and evidence-based care of older adults.

During an intervention session, a client complains of dry mouth due to prescribed medications. What is the most effective strategy for an OTA to suggest to the client to manage this side affect? A. Suck on ice. B. Sip water. C. Drink iced tea. D. Suck on hard candies.

B. Sip water.

A patient is recovering from a rigth total hip replacement (posterolateral incision, cementless fixation). Which is the best type of bed-to-wheelchair transfer for the OTA to teach the patient to use. A. Stand-pivot transfer to the surgical side. B. Stand-pivot transfer to the non-surgical side. C. Lateral slide transfer using a transfer board.

B. Stand-pivot transfer to the non-surgical side.

An individual with an incomplete C6 spinal cord injury has a secondary diagnosis of thromboangiitis obliterans. The OTA conducts a pre-discharge home assessment of the patient's rented apartment. Which is the most important area for the OTA to assess? A. The apartment's electrical capacity for an environmental control unit. B. The apartment's water temperature. C. The apartment;s electrical capacity for an emergency call system. D. The landlord's willingness to modify the bathroom.

B. The apartment's water temperature.

An OTA leads a stress management group at a wellness center for persons recovering from substance abuse. After the group, the OTA documents a member's group participation. According to established documentation standards, which statement is best for the OTA to include in the daily progress note? A. The client completed the checklist of stressors in the time allotted. B. The client was able to identify three current life stressors. C. The client appeared upset throughout the session. D. The client stated walking is a relaxing and enjoyable activity.

B. The client was able to identify three current life stressors.

During an occupatinal therapy intervention session, a client with a left CVA demonstrates extinction to the right and a tendency to ignore items on the right side. When documenting this behavior, which should the OTA report? A. Agnosia. B. Unilateral inattention. C. Poor right/left discrimination. D. Poor visual scanning.

B. Unilateral inattention.

An OTA completes an ergonomic assessment of a computer programmer and the programmer's workstation. Which is the best recommendation for the OTA to make ensure the programmer uses ideal wrist and elbow positioning? A.Elevate the keyboard to increase wrist flexion. B. Use a keyboard rest to maintain a neutral wrist position. C. Lower the keyboard to increase wrist extension. D. Add armrests to keep the elbows away from the body.

B. Use a keyboard rest to maintain a neutral wrist position.

An older adult expresses concern about the ability to perform daily tasks. The individual has somatosensory deficits consistent with the normal aging process. The OTA recommends adaptive equipment to assist with task performance. Which adaptive equipment should the OTA recommend the person use during meal preparation and feeding? A. Utensils with narrow, smooth grips. B. Utensils with wide, textured grips. C. A rocker knife.

B. Utensils with wide, textured grips.

An OTA evaluates the home of a person who uses a wheelchair. The OTA measures the door swing of the front door to determine if it can allow safe and indepedndent entry into the home. The OTA determoines that the door swing meets minimum accessibility standards. Which measurement should the OTA record as meeting these standards? A. 14 inches. B. 16 inches. C. 18 inches. D. 20 inches.

C. 18 inches.

During an occupational therapy session, the OTA observes that a child bangs on a tabletop but has difficulty physically letting go of a toy upon request. The OTA documents these behaviors. Which developmental level would be most accurate for the OTA to report the child's observed behaviors indicate? A. 9-10 months. B. 7-8 months. C. 3-4 months.

C. 3-4 months.

An individual with mild cognitive deficits takes medications for multiple conditions. The OTA works with the individual to develop the ability to safely self-administer medications. Which equipment and /or strategy should the OTA train the client to use? A. Easy open caps on the medication bottles. B. A chart listing medication dosages and administration times on the refrigerator. C. A daily pill holder with time-labeled slots for each dosage. D. Family caregiver supervision of medication administration.

C. A daily pill holder with time-labeled slots for each dosage.

Occupational therapy services are provided to the clients of a psychogeriatric unit in a skilled nursing facility. AN OTA presents an in service on restraint reduction to the unit's direct care staff. Which of the following would the OTA identify as a permissible use of a restraint? A. A bed guardrail to prevent a confused resident from wandering in the evening. B. Prescribed medication to control a resident's agitated behavior. C. A lapboard to enhance a resident's self-directed functional behavior. D. A wheelchair with a lap belt to prevent a person with ataxic gait from falling.

C. A lapboard to enhance a resident's self-directed functional behavior.

A recent high school graduate diagnosed with depression and anorexia nervosa attends an evening work adjustment group for 90 minutes each week. The client states that this group is the only activity engaged in outside of work. The OTA collaborates with the client to develop a plan to increase involvement in personally meaningful non-work activities. The client expresses interests in exercise and voluntarism and reports past roles to have included captain of the high school swim team, competitive tennis player, and volunteering an after-school activities program for young children. Which of the following is the best resource for the resource for the OTA to recommend the client explore? A. A local fitness center for exercise classes. B. The town swimming pool for open swimming sessions. C. A local community center for volunteer opportunities. D. An area soup kitchen for volunteer opportunities.

C. A local community center for volunteer opportunities.

An OTA provides early intervention services to a 3-year-old child with left spastic hemiplegia due to cerebral palsy. During a session, the OTA observes behaviors that seem to indicate the presence of visual deficits. In discussing these observations with the occupational therapist, which recommendation should the OTA make? A. The completion of a motor-free visual perceptual assessment. B. The completion of a developmental vision assessment. C. A referral of the child to an optometrist. D. A referral of the child to an optician.

C. A referral of the child to an optometrist.

An individual with left hemiplegia who is right hand dominant receives training to resume independent driving. Which adaptation is best for the OTA to recommend the client use? A. "Palming" steering wheel. B. Hand controls for brake and gas pedal. C. A spinner knob on the steering wheel. D. Left-sided accelerator pedal.

C. A spinner knob on the steering wheel.

An individual recovering from a total hip replacement is being discharged home. The individual is insured only by Medicare. For safety and independence in the bathroom, which adaptive equipment is best for the OTA to recommend. A. A raised toilet seat. B. Grab bars. C. A three-in-one commode. D. Non-skid mats.

C. A three-in-one commode.

A child with a tactile defensive sensory modulation disorder attends a private early intervention clinic. The OTA collaborates with the occupational therapist and the child's parents to develop strategies and guidelines to help the child handle the symptoms of this disorder at home. Which are the best recommendations for the OTA and therapist to make to the parents? Select the three BEST responses. A. Avoid the use of swings and other moving equipment during play activities. B. ENcourage the use of swings and other moving equipment during play activities. C. Adjust stimuli that seem to influence the child's modulation of sensation. D. During bathing, teach the child to use firm pressure and a soft cloth to wash self. E. Soften the child's clothing by repeated laundering and remove clothing tags. F. Provide a variety of textures in the clothing the child wears.

C. Adjust stimuli that seem to influence the child's modulation of sensation. D. During bathing, teach the child to use firm pressure and a soft cloth to wash self. E. Soften the child's clothing by repeated laundering and remove clothing tags.

A young adolescent with right hemiolegic cerebral palsy demonstrates a strong flexor synergy of her right hand. The adolescent does not use the hand for grasp, pinch, or release, and often maintains the thumb flexed in the palm. The orthopedic hand surgeon recommends a flexor tendon release followed by several weeks of hand therapy and splinting. The parents are very anxious about the surgery and they ask the OTA what to do. Which is the OTA's best response? A. Recommend that the parents follow the surgical recommendations presented by the doctor. B. Suggest the parents talk to the occupational therapist about a pre-operative course of therapy. C. Advise the family to review all of the information to make an educated decision. D. Encourage the parents to get a second opinion from another orthopedic hand surgeon.

C. Advise the family to review all of the information to make an educated decision.

An individual hospitalized for the first time due to a brief psychotic episode attends an occupational therapy group. During task performance, the OTA notices that the person is restless with hand tremors and shaking legs. Which of the following should the OTA document that the person seems to be exhibiting? A. Akinesia. B. Pseudo-parkinsonism. C. Akathisia. D. Tardive dyskensia.

C. Akathisia.

An OTA works with members of a psychosocial clubhouse who have decided to participate in the annual mental health awareness and fundraiser walk organized by the National Alliance for Mental Illness (NAMI). The NAMI walk is 5K long and circles around an urban park. Many clubhouse members express interest in training for the walk by taking extended walks four times per week. Which recommendation is most important for the OTA to make to these clients? A. Do leg stretches before beginning each walk to prevent leg cramps. B. Avoid sudden postural changes to prevent orthostatic hypotension. C. Apply sunscreen to all exposed body parts to prevent sunburn.

C. Apply sunscreen to all exposed body parts to prevent sunburn.

A school-based OTA consults with a teashcer regarding a nonspeaking student who uses a wheelchair and an augmentative communication device. The teacher reports that the student is making many errors on the communication device and is justifiably getting frustrated. The teacher reports that in the past the student did not have any difficulties using the device. Which is the most effective initial action for the OTA to take in response to the teacher's report? A. Advise the teacher to contact the student's parents and recommend that they bring the child to a physician for an exam. B. Recommend a re-assessment of the student's motor and communication abilities. C. Assess the position of the student in the wheelchair and the device on the wheelchair. D. Ask the student where they would like the device to be located and reposition it.

C. Assess the position of the student in the wheelchair and the device on the wheelchair.

A child with attention deficit with hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and conduct disorder attends an afterschool program that utilizes sensory-integrative and behavioral management approaches to achieve intervention goals. Snacks are provided and occasionally used as rewards. A parent insists that a child not be given any foods containing sugar. Which is the OTA's best response to this request? A.Discontinue providing sugary snacks but continue their use as rewards in the behavioral management program. B. Provide the parent with recent research that refuses the link between sugar problem behavior. C. Comply with the parent's request and discontinue providing sugary snacks. D. Inform the parent that the OTA will discuss the issues with the occupational therapist to determine the best course of action.

C. Comply with the parent's request and discontinue providing sugary snacks

An OTA working on an acute psychiatric unit collaborates with the occupational therapist to expand the occupational therapy program to include a psychoeducational group based on the recovery model. Which group is best for the OTA and therapist to develop? A.Sensory awareness. B. Task skills. C. Coping skills. D. Vocational skills.

C. Coping skills.

A 5-year-old referred to occupational therapy. Upon the completion of standardized test assessment, the OTA determines that the child demonstrates age-appropriate cognitive and fine motor skills. Which activity would the child be able to complete at this development level? A. Cutting long thin strips with scissors. B. Holding and snipping with scissors. C. Cutting simple figure shapes with scissors.

C. Cutting simple figure shapes with scissors.

An individual with post-polio syndrome receives an occupational therapy re-evaluation. The OTA collaborates with the occupational therapist to determine assessments to be administered during the re-evaluation process. They determine that the outcomes of an assessment of the person's sensation would help inform the development of an intervention plan. How should the OTA initiate sensory testing with its client? A. Demonstrate the test with the individual's vision occluded. B. Proceed proximal to distal. C. Demonstrate the test with the client's vision not occluded. D. Proceed distal to proximal.

C. Demonstrate the test with the client's vision not occluded.

An intervention plan for a person with a complete lesion of the spinal cord at C6 level has been developed by the client, occupational therapist, and OTA. Which activity should be included in this plan as a goal for the client to independently perform? A. Typing with a mouth stick. B. Transferring from bed to wheelchair using depression transfer. C. Donning pants while in bed. D. Feeding using a suspension sling or mobile arm support.

C. Donning pants while in bed.

An OTA works in the school system with a child with developmental delays. One of the goals of treatment is to develop prewriting skills. The child exhibits the ability to grasp a pencil proximally with crude approximation of the thumb, index, and middle fingers and the ring and little finger slightly flexed. The OTA collaborates with he occupational therapist to develop an intervention plan. Which grasp should be the focus for the implementation of intervention? A. Digital pronate grasp. B. Static tripod posture grasp. C. Dynamic tripod grasp. D. Palmar supinate grasp.

C. Dynamic tripod grasp.

An individual with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), type I represents with severe pain and pitting edema in the right hand. The individual has a secondary diagnosis of degenerative joint disease (DJD). Which should the OTA initially recommend to the person to address these concerns? A. Passive range of motion of wrist and fingers. B. Retrograde massage from distal to proximal. C. Elevation of the affected hand above the heart. D. Retrograde massage from proximal to distal.

C. Elevation of the affected hand above the heart.

A home care hospice OTA works with a client with end-stage lung cancer. The client has openly spoken to family members and friends about end-of-life issues and has completed funeral arrangements. The client expresses regret that there is "not enough time to say everything I want to everyone." Which action is best for the OTA to take in response to the client's statement? A. Reassure the client that family members and friends will understand. B. Remind the client that there still is time left to speak to family friends. C. Encourage the client to write personal letters to people who matter to the client. D. Inform the occupational therapist that the client may become depressed.

C. Encourage the client to write personal letters to people who matter to the client.

An individual with rheumatoid arthritis has developed several boutonniere deformities. Which of the following is the most accurate description for the OTA to include in documentation of the individual's presenting signs? A. Hyperextension of the PIP joint and flexion of the MCP joint. B. Ulnar deviation and subluxation of the MCP joints. C. Flexion of the PIP joint and hyperextension of the DIP joint.

C. Flexion of the PIP joint and hyperextension of the DIP joint.

A child with spinal muscle atrophy can no longer reach beyond 90 degrees of shoulder abduction and 90 degrees of shoulder flexion. The parents state that the child can no longer independently don or doff a T-shirt. Which is the best approach for the OTA to recommend the child use to don a T-shirt? A. Place the T-shirt directly on the child's lap, have the child don the arms first, then don the head of the T-shirt. B. Have the child wear front-opening shirts instead of T-shirts to eliminate the need to don shirts over the head. C. Have the child support the elbows on a table at chest height to don the T-shirt over the arms, then don over the head. D. Have the child lean to the right and don the right arm, repeat with the left arm, and then don the head of the T-shirt.

C. Have the child support the elbows on a table at chest height to don the T-shirt over the arms, then don over the head.

Several newly homeless veterans with a post traumatic stress disorder attend an OT community re-entry group in a shelter. Which is the best primary focus of the initial group session? A. Development of instrumental activities of daily living skills such as meal preparation. B. Exploration of vocational interests and employment possibilities. C. Identification of local resources such as soup kitchens and thrift stores.

C. Identification of local resources such as soup kitchens and thrift stores.

A home care OTA seeks to enhance an older adult's active engagement in their occupational therapy intervention program. After discussing the goals of the program with the person, which intervention is most effective for the OTA to use? A. Provide the individual with limited opportunities for practice of skills to decrease boredom. B. Use multiple, variable instructions to ensure retention of new learning. C. Integrate previously learned strategies into new activities to facilitate generalization. D. Teach the family positive techniques to reinforce activity performance in the home.

C. Integrate previously learned strategies into new activities to facilitate generalization.

A caregiver group meets weekly at a senior center. A new member attends the group for the third time and listens intently. The person nods in agreement when others speak but does not participate verbally. Which action is most effective for the OTA to take to facilitate the individual's engagement in the group? A. Reiterate the group's norm that active participation is expected from all group members. B. Ask the individual several questions to encourage verbal participation. C. Invite the individual to join in the discussion, if the person would like. D. Refer the individual to the center's social worker for individual, non-group counseling.

C. Invite the individual to join in the discussion, if the person would like.

An OTA collaborated with an occupational therapist to design a program to provide occupational therapy services to inmates in a long-term forensic facility. After the completion of a needs assessment, which of the following would be the best for the therapist and the OTA to identify as the initial focus for the program? A. Vocational planning. B. Remedial educational. C. Leisure management. D. Money management.

C. Leisure management.

An OTA employed at a day treatment center for clients with psychiatric disorders is conducting a leisure planning group. The members of the group decide to take a day trip to the local sculpture garden. Which side affects of psychotropic medications is most important for the OTA to discuss in terms of preventative precautions with the group? A. Orthostatic hypotension. B. Akathisia. C. Photosensitivity. D. Tremors.

C. Photosensitivity.

An OTA working in an outpatient clinic observes the clinic's administrative assistant leaving patient records open on the clinic;s reception counter. The assistant has left the clinic to go for lunch. Which action is best for the OTA to take in response to this observation? A. Remind the administrative assistant of the need to keep patient reocrds private when the assistant returns from lunch. B. Contact the administrative assistant's direct supervisor to report this observation. C. Pick up the records and place them in a location out of public view. D. Discuss the issue with the occupational therapist during their next scheduled supervision session.

C. Pick up the records and place them in a location out of public view.

A 9-year-old girl with the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis is hospitalized in a small rural hospital. Currently, there are no other children in the hospital, and the hospital does not have a pediatric play area. The head nurse asks the OTA to suggest appropriate play activities that hospital volunteers can do with the child. Which is the most age-appropriate activity for the OTA to suggest? A. Dressing paper dolls. B. Coloring in coloring books. C. Playing card games. D. Cutting and pasting pictures onto cards.

C. Playing card games.

An OTA providing home-based occupational therapy services implements a bed positioning plan for a person recovering from a cerebral vascular accident. The person is receiving care from family members and personal care assistants employed by a home care agency. Which action should the OTA take to ensure the accurate implementation of this plan by the client's caregivers? A. Provide verbal step-by-step directions of the desired positions to the client's caregivers. B. Post written step-by-step directions of the desired positions on the wall by the client's bed. C. Post pictures of the desired positions next to the bed's headboard. D. Require each caregiver to demonstrate the replication of the desired positions.

C. Post pictures of the desired positions next to the bed's hea

An OTA instructs the direct care staff of a rehabilitation unit on proper positioning techniques for a patient following the occurrence of a left CVA. In which of the following positions should the OTA recommend the patient's right affected arm be placed when the patient is sleeping in side-lying on the unaffected side? A. In 90 degrees of humeral abduction and 15 degrees of internal rotation. B. On the person;'s side, adducted and internally rotated. C. Protracted with arm forward on a pillow and the elbow extended or slightly flexed. D. In 90 degrees of abduction of the humerus with neural rotation.

C. Protracted with arm forward on a pillow and the elbow extended or slightly flexed.

A toddler attends an early intervention program as a result of developmental delay. Over the past two weeks, the toddler has successfully completed the activities the OTA has provided in order to develop a palmar grasp. Which action should the OTA take next in response to the child's progress? A. Continue providing the child with activities to refine palmar grasp. B. Review the initial evaluation with the occupational therapist to determine new goals. C. Provide activities to develop a radial palmar grasp. D. Provide activities to develop an ulnar grasp.

C. Provide activities to develop a radial palmar grasp.

An OTA leads an outpatient wellness program. An individual with obsessive-compulsive disorder asks for suggestions to manage symptoms that are interfering with life satisfaction. Which is the best recommendation for the OTA to make to the individual? A. Approach activities in a nonchalant manner without high expectations. B. Engage in concrete activities that can be broken down into simple steps. C. Redirect thoughts and energies into meaningful activities. D. Set limits on the number of activities done in a day.

C. Redirect thoughts and energies into meaningful activities.

An OTA working in a school system incorporates the individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) into their daily service provision. In which location should the OTA provide intervention? A. Regular classroom while general education classes are not in session. B. Special education classroom specifically designed for children with disabilities. C. Regular classroom while general education classes are in session. D. Private occupational therapy room specifically designed for children with disabilities.

C. Regular classroom while general education classes are in session.

An individual recovering from a traumatic brain injury is assessed to be at Level VI of the Rancho Level of Cognitive Functioning Scale. Which of the following should the OTA use to implement treatment? A. Repetitive self-care tasks such as brushing hair. B. Community re-entry activities such as taking a bus. C. Simple meal preparation tasks such as making a sandwich.

C. Simple meal preparation tasks such as making a sandwich.

An OTA works at a community-based vocational rehabilitation program. Right before a discussion group about effective work habits is scheduled to begin, the OTA is asked to assist another OTA with this group. Which is the best action for the OTA to take? A. Split the group in two and have each OTA work with their own group. B. Participate as a member of the group and model desired responses. C. Support the leader with comments and questions that keep the group on focus. D. Act as an observer and take notes for documentation.

C. Support the leader with comments and questions that keep the group on focus.

An OTA collaborates with an occupational therapist to develop a community-based program for a person with body mass indices greater than 30. They determine that the program will use a lifestyle redesign approach to help participants address their obesity in a proactive manner. Which is best for the OTA and therapist to incorporate into the program's initial session? A. Measurements of each participant's body mass index (BMI) and waist circumferences. B. Provision of devices and equipment to maximize participation in daily activities of meaning. C. The development of personalized plans to change habits that contribute to obesity. D. Nutritional classes that empathize eating fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein.

C. The development of personalized plans to change habits that contribute to obesity.

An OTA works in a clinic which provide services to persons with upper extremity disorders. The OTA is constructing a dorsal forearm splint for a client. Which is the best length for this splint? A. One-fourth of the forearm. B. One-third of the forearm. C. Two-thirds of the forearm. D. One-half of the forearm.

C. Two-thirds of the forearm.

A parent recovering from brain cancer receives home-based occupational therapy services. The client has residual problem solving deficits. Sensorimotor abilities are within functional limits. The client identifies a desire to resume the role of home maintainer. To develop the requisite problem-solving skills needed for these roles, which is best for the OTA to work on with the client during OT intervention? A. performing routine morning self-care. B. Dusting the home's living room. C. Washing the family's laundry.

C. Washing the family's laundry.

An OTA measures a person for a wheelchair. The widest point across the person's hips and thighs is 16 inches, and the greatest length from the person's posterior portion of the buttocks to the popliteal fossa is 18 inches. Which wheelchair seat information should the OTA recommend? A. 18 inches wide by 20 inches deep. B. 18 inches wide by 18 inches deep. C. 16 inches wide by 18 inches deep. D. 18 inches wide by 16 inches deep.

D. 18 inches wide by 16 inches deep.

An individual with myesthenia gravis is being discharged home after a hospitalization for the treatment of pneumonia. The person's spouse has expressed concern about care giving responsibilities and the client's ability to function in the home. The OTA collaborates with the occupational therapist to address the spouse's concerns and the client's needs. Which is the most beneficial recommendation for the OTA and occupational therapist to make? A> The extension of client's length of stay to allow for caregiver training. B. The extension of client's stay to provide intervention to develop ADL skills. C. A referral for the client to an adult day care program to relieve caregiver stress and develop functional skills. D. A referral to a home care agency for a functional evaluation and home assessment.

D. A referral to a home care agency for a functional evaluation and home assessment.

A young adult with diagnoses of dysthymic disorder and narcissistic personality disorder attends a vocational rehabilitation program. When the client arrives for the work adjustment group, the OTA notes that the client has an unsteady gait, slurred speech, and alcohol-smelling breath. Which is the best action for the OTA to take in response to these observations? A. Include the topic of alcohol's effect on work performance in the scheduled group session. B. Refer the client to the social worker to discuss treatment options for potential alcohol abuse. C. Contact the client's parent's to transport the client home. D. Arrange for transportation to bring the client home.

D. Arrange for transportation to bring the client home.

An OTA collaborates with an occupational therapist to implement a program in a domestic violence shelter. Which of the following is the most important for the OTA and therapist to do when working with the shelter residents to attain program goals? A. Avoid asking direct questions about the residents' abuse risk factors to minimize emotional distress. B. Support residents' beliefs that their relationships will change to sustain the hope that abuse will end. C. Document objective findings and record resident statements in quotes to substantiate abuse history. D. Assess and develop the skills and resources residents need to live independent empowered lives.

D. Assess and develop the skills and resources residents need to live independent empowered lives.

A patient on an acute medical unit has right homonymous hemianopsia. The OTA provides recommendations to modify the patient's room to enhance independence. What are the most effective recommendations for the OTA to make for the placement of the patient's call button and cell phones? A. Call button on the left side and the cell phone on the left side. B. Call button on the right side and the cell phone on the right side. C. Call button on the right side and the cell phone on the left side. D. Call button on the left side and the cell phone on the right side.

D. Call button on the left side and the cell phone on the right side.

An OTA provides bed mobility training for an individual recovering from a left CVA. The OTA notes that the person;s right left calf is swollen and warm. The person complains that it is painful. Which action should the OTA take initially? A> Elevate the leg and provide retrogate massage. B. Advise the person to tell the physician about the symptoms during the physician's next bedside visit. C. Continue with the training and inform the supervising occupational therapist about the symptoms after the session. D. Contact the charge nurse immediately to report symptoms.

D. Contact the charge nurse immediately to report symptoms.

A person with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder is receiving treatment in an acute psychiatric inpatient unit. The patient was recently placed on suicide precautions. The OTA has scheduled 30-minute individual session in the patient's room to begin intervention. Which is the most beneficial activity for the first intervention session? A. Tooling a leather wallet. B. Writing in a personal journal. C. Building a sand terrarium in a plastic globe. D. Decorating cookies to contribute to the patient's lounge.

D. Decorating cookies to contribute to the patient's lounge.

An OTA working in a school has been asked to recommend technological devices for a student with severe spastic quadriplegia and dysarthria. Which action should the OTA take prior to recommending specific equipment? A. Determine access capabilities in collaboration with the speech language pathologist. B. Identify funding source(s) in collaboration with the social worker. C. Obtain family support in collaboration with the psychologist. D. Determine intervention goals in collaboration with the occupational therapist.

D. Determine intervention goals in collaboration with the occupational therapist.

Several clients participate in an outpatient daily vocational rehabilitation group. Which should the occupational therapist and OTA emphasize as the main purpose of this group. A. Reducing costs by using outpatient format instead of an inpatient setting. B. Building members' trust of others to support interpersonal work relationships. C. Enhancing member's self-esteem to build confidence to pursue work. D. Developing essential skills required for members to pursue work.

D. Developing essential skills required for members to pursue work.

An Adult is hospitalized in the recovery phase of Guillain-Barre syndrome. The client complains of tingling aching, and weakness in both hands and difficulty grasping objects (e.g. grooming supplies). The client requests intervention to address these issues. Which action is best for the OTA to take to address the client's concerns? A. Provide soft tissue massage to both hands prior to grooming activities. B. Apply hot packs to both hands and complete stretching exercises prior to grooming activities. C. Refer the client to a neurologist for follow-up of possible condition regression. D. Educate the patient about sensory deficits and effective adaptive ADL strategies.

D. Educate the patient about sensory deficits and effective adaptive ADL strategies.

An older adult who is recovering from a cerebral vascular accident attends occupational therapy two times per day. The intervention environment is highly structured and not overstimulating, yet the client's mood often changes abruptly. Within one session, the client will laugh and then become tearful with no apparent pin the precipitant. What should the OTA document these behaviors as potential signs of in the client's daily progress note? A. A neurocognitive disorder. B. Anhedonia. C. A response to auditory hallucinations. D. Emotional lability.

D. Emotional lability.

A newly hired OTA is instructed by the director of rehabilitation to supervise two hospital volunteers as they learn how to assist patients in safely completing bed to wheelchair transfers. Which is the first action the OTA should take in response to this request? A. Recommend the hospital develop a transfer training program for volunteers. B. Inform the occupational therapy supervisor of the director's request. C. Supervise the volunteers during the transfers to ensure patient safety. D. Explain to the director of rehabilitation why the request is inappropriate.

D. Explain to the director of rehabilitation why the request is inappropriate.

An adult who incurred a CVA has difficulty dealing with increasing amounts of stimuli. This is noted in all modalities. The OTA documents these observations. Which cognitive-perceptual dysfunction should the OTA report the client is exhibiting? A. Inability to abstract. B. Poor organizational skills. C. Poor semantic memory. D. Generalized attention deficit.

D. Generalized attention deficit.

An older adult lives in a second-floor apartment in a private home. The individual is experiencing sensory losses that are consistent with the aging process. All other abilities are within normal limits. Which action is best for the OTA to recommend to the client to ensure that they are able to age safely in place? A. Acquire a first-floor apartment to eliminate the need to walk up stairs. B. Allow for increased time to slowly and safely walk up the stairs. C. Install a stair glide system to eliminate the need to walk up the stairs. D. Install light switches at the top and bottom of the stairway.

D. Install light switches at the top and bottom of the stairway.

An OTA works with an individual with chest and upper extremity burns. During intervention session, the client expresses vague fears about safety at home and asks the OTA to advocate for an extension in the discharge date. According to the medical record, the client had incurred the burns during a cooking accident. Which is the OTA's best initial response to the client's states concern? A. Encourage the client to speak to the occupational therapist about discharge plans. B. Assure the client that pre-discharge fears are normal and expected. C. Document the client's concerns and recommend an extension of the length of stay. D. Invite the client to expand upon the nature of these concerns.

D. Invite the client to expand upon the nature of these concerns.

During an initial ADl evaluation, the OTA notes that a patient consistenly spills food due to an inability to adjust movements while cutting food and moving the food from the plate to the mouth. When describing this behavior, which deficit should the OTA report the patient is msot likely exhibiting? A. Ideational apraxia. B. Somatoagnosia. C. Tatcile agnosia. D. Motor apraxia.

D. Motor apraxia.

An OTA applies for the position of activities program director in a skilled nursing facility. During the job interview, the OTA discusses supervisory requirements for this position with the SNF administrator. Which amount of supervision should the OTA expect from an occupational therapist? A. Daily. B. Weekly. C. Monthly. D. None.

D. None.

An elementary school-ages child with Duchenne's muscular dystrohy receives occupational therapy services. The family establishes a goal of maintaining the child's leisure and social participation. Which is the best activity for the OTA to recommend the family pursue with this child? A. Electronic sports (e.g. Wii bowling) B. Adapted little league baseball. C. Wheelchair basketball. D. Recreational swimming.

D. Recreational swimming.

The supervisor of an acute inpatient medical unit requests that a recently hired entry-level OTA write summaries for several assessment sessions that were completed by another OTA. The evaluating OTA had to leave work unexpectedly due to a medical emergency and is not expected to return to work. Which is the best response for the OTA to make in response to this request? A. Comply with the supervisor's request but ask for the supervisor to cosign the notes. B. Request time to complete an independent assessment of each individual previously evaluated. C. Report the supervisor's request to the facility's administration. D. Suggest that the OTA's assessment results be documented by the supervisor.

D. Suggest that the OTA's assessment results be documented by the supervisor.

A client has right-sided weakness and decreased motor control.The OTA uses the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) approach to help the client increase use of the right upper extremity and hand. Which of the following actions should the OTA have the client do during an intervention session to apply PNF principles? A. Reach overhead with the right hand to retrieve a dish out of a higher cabinet and set it down on the countertop in front. B. Reach to the right side to retrieve an item out of refrigerator at hip height and place it into the left hand to set it on the countertop to the left. C. Use both hands together to pour juice out of a heavy pitcher into a glass on a countertop. D. Take items out of a dishwasher on the right side and reach across the body to place them in the upper cabinet on the opposite side.

D. Take items out of a dishwasher on the right side and reach across the body to place them in the upper cabinet on the opposite side.

An individual attends an outpatient parenting skills group. The person has a major depressive disorder and is taking Nardil. The client complains of recurrent headaches and difficulty focusing during the day (e.g. when helping children with their homework). Which action is best for the OTA to make in response to the client;s expressed concerns? A, Instruct the client in stress reduction techniques. B. Ask the group for suggestions on how to deal with the parenting stress of homework. C. Suggest that the individual consult with a nurse practitioner for headache relief strategies. D. Tell the client you will be notifying the psychiatrist of these complaints.

D. Tell the client you will be notifying the psychiatrist of these complaints.

A 7-year-old with complete spina bifida at the T10 level attends outpatient OT weekly. The child's parent reports that the child is losing bladder control. The OTA notes that the child shows minimal decrease in strength of bilateral lower and upper extremities and an increase in the equinovarus position of the feet. The OTA contacts the supervising occupational therapist to report that the child's change in status may indicate which of the following? A. Shunt malformation. B. A recent growth spurt. C. Arnold-Chiari formation. D. Tethered cord.

D. Tethered cord.

The family of an individual being discharged from along-term care facility offers the OTA a substantial cash gift. The OTA refuses the money, but the family insists that the OTA take the cash gift. Which is the OTA's best response? A. Donate the money to the hospital. B. Thank the family and donate the money to charity. C. Use the money to purchase an item on the OT department's wish list. D. Thank the family for their thoughtfulness and decline the gift.

D. Thank the family for their thoughtfulness and decline the gift.

A mental health facility provides inpatient and outpatient services for a catchment area that encompasses five counties. The occupational therapy department meets to design a continuous quality improvement (CQI) project. The OTA will contribute to this project. Which is the best focus for this CQI project? A. Keeping service that are rated positively on a satisfaction survey. B. Cost reduction in specific service area. C. Methods to educate staff on new wellness-service. D. The follow-up process after discharge from the hospital.

D. The follow-up process after discharge from the hospital.

An OTA works with a person who is recovering from the removal of a brain tumor from the cerebellum. The client has established a goal to resume the role of home maintainer. Which is most relevant for the OTA to focus on during intervention sessions focused on the development of home management skills? A. Sensory precautions to observe when cooking and ironing/ B. Compensatory techniques for finding items in the supermarket. C. Organizational strategies for managing the household budget. D. The use of a wheeled cart to assist with balance doing laundry.

D. The use of a wheeled cart to assist with balance doing laundry.

An OTA uses a motor learning approach to develop prehension patterns with a child recovering from a brain tumor. The OTA places small toys on a table and asks the child to pick up the toys and put them into a storage box that is also on the table. The OTA uses random practice during this activity. Which types and arrangement of toys are most effective for the OTA to provide according to the motor learning approach? A. Toys that are exactly the same shape, size, and weight in a mixed arrangement on the table. B. Toys that are exactly the same shape, size, and weight placed in a straight line on the table. C. Age-appropriate toys arranged in a developmental sequence according to the child's developmental age. D. Toys of different shapes, sizes, and weight in a mixed arrangement on the table.

D. Toys of different shapes, sizes, and weight in a mixed arrangement on the table.

A client who incurred a nerve laceration exhibits maximum motor and sensory losses consistent with a radial nerve laceration below the supinator. Which deformity should the OTA note the client is exhibiting? A. Claw hand. B. Ape hand. C. Saturday night palsy. D. Wrist drop.

D. Wrist drop.

An individual with advanced Huntington's chorea is admitted to a skilled nursing facility. The resident weighs 280 pounds and cannot independently transfer. What is the best recommendation for the OTA to make to the resident's direct care staff to ensure a safe transfer? A. A mechanical lift transfer. B. A two-person lift transfer. C. A stand pivot transfer. D. AN assisted sliding board transfer.

A. A mechanical lift transfer.

An adolescent with spinal muscle atrophy shows decreased trunk balance and strength during intervention sessions. Upper extremity strength and ROM appear unchanged. When discussing these observations with the occupational therapist, which is the best recommendation for the OTA to make? A. A re-evaluation of the client be completed. B. The client be referred to an orthotist for a soft spinal support. C. The client be measured for a power wheelchair. D. A trunk strengthening program be initiated with the client.

A. A re-evaluation of the client be completed.

An OTA supervises a Level II fieldwork student regarding the evaluation procedures of a work hardening program. The OTA explains that some individuals attending the program magnify their symptoms to retain benefits; therefore, the validity of some evaluation measures may be compromised. Which assessment tools does the OTA identify as providing the most valid results? A. A volumeter. B. A dynamometer using all five positions. C. A standardized pegboard test. D. A total active motion (TAM) evaluation.

A. A volumeter.

A client in the descending phase of Guillian-Barre syndrome has bilateral shoulder strength of 2/5. The client fatigues easily. Which equipment should the OTA recommend to enhance the person's performance of activities of daily living? A. An overhead suspension sling. B. Long-handled utensils and tools. C. Angled-/curved-handled utensils and tools. D. An environmental control unit.

A. An overhead suspension sling.

An OTA is working with the parents of a 5-year-old child with developmental delay. This child is not self-feeding. The occupational therapist's evaluation of the child indicated that the child has potential to participate in this ADL. When talking to the parents about this possible goal, they indicate this is not a priority for them. Which action is best for the OTA to take in response to the parents' statement. A. Ask the parents about their intervention priorities for their child. B. Work on utensil use with the child without using food items. C. Explain the importance of self-feeding to the child's independence. D. Refer parents to online sources about the typical development of feeding.

A. Ask the parents about their intervention priorities for their child.

An OTA provides occupational therapy services in an assisted living facility. The OTA meets with a new resident who expresses concern that their poor vision has made it very difficult to complete their favorite activity of embroidering tablecloths and napkins. The OTA determines that the person's low vision is age-related and not due to any pathological disorder. Which adaptation is best for the OTA to recommend to this resident use to enable engagement in these activities? A> Concave lenses. B. Large print instructions. C. A handheld magnifier. D. A stand magnifier.

A. Concave lenses

A school-based OTA is providing per diem coverage for on OTA on disability leave. Upon receiving the caseload, the OTA notes that ten students have had evaluations completed during the past month. Five of these student's individualized education plans (IEP's) have also been completed by the team and approved by their parents. Which is the best initial action for the OTA to take as a contract practitioner? A. Consult with the occupational therapist, team, and students' parents to complete the IEPs for the remaining students. B. Conduct independent evaluations of each student with the supervision of the school's occupational therapist. C. Implement the IEPs that have been established and approved with the supervision of the school's occupational therapist. D. Report to the supervisor of the contract agency that the school has failed to comply with the IEP guidelines.

A. Consult with the occupational therapist, team, and students' parents to complete the IEPs for the remaining students.

An OTA is hired to work in the occupational therapy department of an acute psychiatric unit. The OTA requests an orientation to hospital policies and procedures. Which are the most important policies and procedures for the OTA to learn during initial orientation session? A. Crisis intervention. B. Reimbursement. C. Group program scheduling.

A. Crisis intervention.

An older adult with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and osteoarthritis is preparing for discharge from a subacute rehabilitation center. During a family training session on how to complete car transfer, a family member express concern about the person's ability to continue driving. The family member explains that the patient has been experiencing episodes of forgetfulness and trouble with focusing on a task. Which action is the best for the OTA to take to address the family member's concern? A. Document and report the family member's concern to the supervising therapist. B. Inform the family member that the episodes are likely due to typical age-related changes. C. Administer the Standardized Mini-Mental State Exam to determine cognition status. D. Provide intervention to optimize the client factors necessary for driving.

A. Document and report the family member's concern to the supervising therapist.

An adult recently diagnosed with scleroderma receives occupational therapy services to deal with the functional changes caused by this disease. Which recommendations are best for the OTA to make to this individual? Select the three BEST responses. A. Dress in layers for neutral warmth. B. Wear protective cotton, insulated gloves. C. Dress in lightweight clothing for thermal comfort. D. Use cold packs on hands when pain in hands occur. E. Modify activities to prevent trauma to fingers and toes. F. Use hand splints to immobilize affected joints and promote rest.

A. Dress in layers for neutral warmth. B. Wear protective cotton, insulated gloves. E. Modify activities to prevent trauma to fingers and toes.

A 2-year-old child receives home care early intervention services. The occupational therapy intervention plan includes a goal to develop the child's pincer grasp. Which is the most appropriate activity for the OTA to work on with the child during an intervention session? A. Finger-feeding of O-shaped cereal. B. Picking up different sized marbles. C. Drawing with jumbo crayons. D. Stacking 1-inch cubes.

A. Finger-feeding of O-shaped cereal.

An older adult with peripheral neuropathy resulting from the effects of diabetes expresses concern over the ability to have a satisfying sexual relationship with a partner. What is the most beneficial recommendation for the OTA to make to the client? A. Focus on intact senses and areas of intact sensation. B. Experiment with different positions during sexual expression activities. C. Schedule sexual expression activities after rest periods. D. Advise the client to accept decreased abilities in sexual expression as a normal part of aging.

A. Focus on intact senses and areas of intact sensation.

A young adult incurred a left CVA, which has resulted in left visual field neglect. The occupational therapist and the OTA collaborate to develop an intervention plan based on the dynamic interaction approach. Which interventions are best for the OTA to use when working with this person to address this deficit? Select the three BEST responses. A. Grade a series of scanning tasks that decrease in similarity to foster the transfer of learning. B. Ask the client to describe anticipated difficulties in finding items in a closet and a strategy to use to find items. C. Teach the person how to use a daily planner to keep track of activities that need to be put on a sandwich. D. Train the person in scanning strategies to locate a desired condiment in the refrigerator to put on a sandwich. E. Work with the person on integrating both sides of the body during the completion of a morning grooming routine. F. Provide the person with written instructions to complete instrumental activities of daily living such as laundry.

A. Grade a series of scanning tasks that decrease in similarity to foster the transfer of learning. B. Ask the client to describe anticipated difficulties in finding items in a closet and a strategy to use to find items. D. Train the person in scanning strategies to locate a desired condiment in the refrigerator to put on a sandwich.

Several patients in a cardiovascular unit are referred to occupational therapy for rehabilitation in areas of occupation. Which diagnosis would be an inclusive criterion for participation in the home management activity group conducted in the department's simulated apartment? A. Hypotension. B. Unstable angina. C. Venous thrombosis. D. Uncontrolled atrial arrhythmia,\.

A. Hypotension.

An OTA is working with an occupational therapist to develop a discharge planning group for clients being discharged within the next month from a long-term facility for adults with serious mental illness. Which initial action is best for the OTA and therapist to take when implementing this program? A. Obtain prospective group members' occupational profile and post-discharged goals and options. B. Identify community resources to develop a community re-integration program and enhance post-discharge participation. C. Develop a self-medication management teaching module to increase post-discharge medication compliance. D. Complete an evidence-based research to identify best practices in community-based mental health occupational therapy.

A. Obtain prospective group members' occupational profile and post-discharge goals and options.

An adult who incurred a traumatic brain injury three months ago receives home care OT services. During meal preparation tasks the client ignores items on the left side of the counter. Which is the best remediation approach for the OTA to use with this client to enhance performance. A. Place a brightly colored placemat on the left side of the counter. B. Encourage bilateral activities to promote scanning. C. Place all items on the right side of the counter.

A. Place a brightly colored placemat on the left side of the counter.

A school-based OTA uses behavior modification techniques to help shape the behavioral responses of students with behavioral disorders. Which action is most consistent with this intervention approach? A. Provide frequent positive reinforcement for all desired behaviors. B. Reprimand the students every time an undesirable behavior occurs. C. Allow each student enough time to self-correct the undesirable behaviors. D. Encourage the teaching staff to tell the student which behaviors are correct and which are not.

A. Provide frequent positive reinforcement for all desired behaviors.

A 17-year-old student with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder and a history of self-abusive behavior attends a transitional school-to-work program conducted by an OTA and an occupational therapist. During the vocational skills group, the student expresses feelings of hopelessness about the future and questions the point of participating in the program. The student asks to leave the group due to being too tired to concentrate while the therapist works with the other group members. Which action is best for the OTA to take in response to the student's statement? A. Pull the student aside from the group and ask if the student is feeling self-destructive. B. Allow the student to leave the group after reminding the student to relay concerns to the guidance counselor. C. Support the validity of the student's feelings and encourage the student to remain in group. D. Remind the student that in a work setting the norm is to work even if fatigue.

A. Pull the student aside from the group and ask if the student is feeling self-destructive.

An individual with schizophrenia begins a partial hospitalization program after a three-day hospitalization. During the initial interview, the client reports that they still experience hallucinations but that they occur less than they have in the past. Which action should the OTA take when the individual begins to actively hallucinate during an OT project/associative group? A. Redirect the individual's attention back to the project. B. Provide tactile reassurance to the individual. C> Verbally reassure the individual that the hallucination is not real. D. Use humor to deliver the individual's attention away from the hallucination.

A. Redirect the individual's attention back to the project.

A restaurant employee incurred a fracture to the left humerus. After cast removal, the patient received occupational therapy and now demonstrates 3/5 strength of the left triceps and full ROM of the left elbow. To increase elbow function in order to perform work-related tasks, which activity is most effective for the OTA to next include during intervention. A. Storing glasses on shelves at chest height. B. Wiping off a table while standing. C. Carrying a tray of dishes from the table to the sink. D. Wiping off a counter at chest height.

A. Storing glasses on shelves at chest height.

An adult is hospitalized and diagnosed with mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). During the discharge planning session, the person identifies a desire to exercise regularly. Which of the following should the OTA recommend the client pursue? A. The hospital wellness program's yoga group. B. Low-impact aerobics at a local gym. C. Weight lifting under the direction of a personal trainer. D. Jogging with friends in a local park.

A. The hospital wellness program's yoga group.

A client with residual hemiplegia in the dominant extremity due to a prior CVA develops carpal tunnel syndrome in the non-dominant hand. The OTA constructs a splint and provides splint training to the client. Which of the following should the OTA ensure the client can do upon completion of the splint training session? Select three BEST responses. A. Understand the purposes and functions of the splint. B. Dona and doff the splint with no physical assistance. C. Accurately state the wearing schedule after one verbal prompt. D. Self-direct the application of pieces of moleskin to areas of the splint that leaves red marks. E. Understand that the splint should be worn at night and when performing repetitive activities. F. Self-direct the correct application of the splint to ensure bony prominences are considered.

A. Understand the purposes and functions of the splint. E. Understand that the splint should be worn at night and when performing repetitive activities. F. Self-direct the correct application of the splint to ensure bony prominences are considered.

An elementary school student is referred to occupational therapy to develop handwriting skills. The student complains that the dominant hand hurts when writing. The student often tears the paper because of how hard they press. The student's teacher reports that the student is frequently observed playing "rough" with peers despite being asked to calm down. When implementing the intervention plan developed in collaboration with the occupational therapist, which activity is best fort he OTA to use prior to handwriting? A. Walking like an animal. B. Playing hop-scotch. C. Jumping ropes. D. Performing somersaults.

A. Walking like an animal.

An OTA provides home-based services to a child with developmental delays. The child picks up and puts away toys when reminded by the parents and mimics the parents when they dry dishes and fold clothes. The family has identified a goal of including the child in home management activities. Which activity should the OTA introduce next during intervention? A. Wiping tables. B. Sorting laundry. C. Making a bed. D. Taking out trash.

A. Wiping tables.

An OTA implements intervention for individuals on an inpatient cardiopulmonary rehabilitation unit. The OTA assesses a patient's heart rate during intervention session by palpating a peripheral pulse. Which most accurately describes the timing the OTA should use to complete this assessment? A. 30 seconds prior to, during, and at cessation of the activity. B. 1-2 minutes prior to, during, and at cessation of the activity and 5 minutes' post activity. C. 1-2 minutes prior to, during, and at cessation of the activity. D. 30 seconds prior to, during, and at cessation of the activity and 5 minutes' post activity.

B. 1-2 minutes prior to, during, and at cessation of the activity and 5 minutes' post activity.

A local pharmacy hires an OTA to consult on the redesign of the pharmacy's customer service area. Which height should the OTA recommend for an accessible service counter? A. 32 inches. B. 36 inches. C. 34 inches.

B. 36 inches.

A client is being discharged after ecovery from hip replacement surgery to live at home alone. Which is the most important equipment for the OTA to review with the client prior to discharge to enable safe occupational performance in the home? A. A rolling walker. B. A long-handled reacher. C. A bedside commode. D. An emergency call system.

B. A long-handled reacher.

An OTA conducts a standardized sensory assessment of an individual recovering from a left cerebral vascular accident. The individual has right hemiplegia and expressive aphasia. During the assessment of stereognosis, which should the OTA have the client use to identify responses to the testing stimuli? A. Pictures of the objects. B. A set of identical objects. C. Cards with "1" and "2" printed on them. D. Cards with "yes" and "no" printed on them.

B. A set of identical objects.

An OTA completes a home evaluation for an individual with post-polio syndrome who recently moved into a rent-stabilized studio apartment. When evaluating the accessibility of the client's kithcen, the OTA notes that all appliances are freestanding with no counter space between them. Which action is best for the OTA to take in response to this observation? A. Advise the client to purchase three stationary carts to place next to and between each appliance as a substitute for countertops. B. Advise the client to purchase a stationary cart and rolling cart and train the client in their safe use. C. Refer the client to a carpenter who has expertise in the construction of accessible kitchen countertops. D. Advise the client to seek a new rent-stabilized apartment with countertops between appliances.

B. Advise the client to purchase a stationary cart and rolling cart and train the client in their safe use.

A 3-year old with recurring headaches and decreased gross and fine motor skills is hospitalized for a diagnostic workup. The occupational therapist completed a screening of the child and determined that the OTA should complete a standardized developmental assessment. Just prior to the schedule OT evaluation, the parents have been told that the child has brain cancer. The parents are upset when they bring the child to OT. The OTA provides support. Which is the next best action for the OTA to take in response to this situation? A. Cancel the evaluation session and refer the parents to their spiritual or social worker. B. Advise the parents to speak to their spiritual or social worker after the evaluation session. C. Ask the supervising occupational therapist to participate in the session and spend it addressing the parent's acceptance of the diagnosis. D. Reschedule the evaluation for later in the day so that the parents can speak with their spiritual advisor or the social worker.

B. Advise the parents to speak to their spiritual or social worker after the evaluation session.

An individual with a C3 spinal cord injury is participating in a community mobility group at a shopping mall. The client expresses the desire to return to the rehabilitation center due to a pounding headache. The OTA notices the client is sweating profusely. Which should the OTA do first in response to this observation and request? A. Escort the client to outside of the mall to cool off in the fresh air. B. Check the client's urinary catheter and collecting bag. C. Call the rehabilitation center's transportation department to relay the client's request. D. Immediately activate the recline feature of the patient's tilt-in-space wheelchair.

B. Check the client's urinary catheter and collecting bag.

A client with myasthenia gravis shows increasing difficulty with speech and oral-motor control during swallowing. Which behavior is most accurate for the OTA to document as indicative of a swallowing disorder? A. A tendency to spit out food of mixed textures. B. Coughing while swallowing thin liquids. C.Loud noise in the throat during swallowing.

B. Coughing while swallowing thin liquids.

A person is recovering from a major cardiac infarct. During the initial OT session, the patient loudly and vigorously expresses plans to immediately resume a daily rigorous exercise routine. The OTA reports the individual's plan to the occupational therapist. The OTA explains that the individual appears to be in which stage of adjustment to disability? A. Shock. B. Denial. C. Acting out. D. Acceptance.

B. Denial.

A school-based OTA receives a referral for a student who has illegible handwriting, poor attending behaviors, questionable visual skills, and problems with pencil management. After speaking with the teacher, reviewing classroom work samples, and collaborating with the occupational therapist, which action should the OTA take next? A. Provide pencil grips and specialized paper as a trial to determine interventions. B. Directly observe the student during a naturally occurring writing time. C. Administer a standardized visual perceptual and visual motor assessment. D. Administer a standardized handwriting assessment.

B. Directly observe the student during a naturally occurring writing time.

An OTA is working in an inpatient rehabilitation facility for persons with SCI. A patient sustained a C5 complete SCI following an automobile accident two weeks ago. The OTA is working with the patient to attain the patient's goal to independently self-feed. Which pieces of adaptive equipment are best for the OTA to teach the patient to use during intervention? Select the three BEST responses. A. A rocker knife. B. Dycem to place under plate. C. A plate guard or scoop dish. D. A sip-n-puff mobile arm support. E. A dorsal wrist splint with universal cuff. F. A drinking cup with a drinking sprout.

B. Dycem to place under plate. C. A plate guard or scoop dish. E. A dorsal wrist splint with universal cuff.

An individual receives treatment for major depression on an inpatient psychiatric unit. The patient has received an electroconvulsive treatment at 8 am. At 2 pm, the patient walks into the occupational therapy department stating a desire to participate in the leisure skills group. Which is the OTA's best response A. Call nursing staff to escort the client back to the client's room. B. Encourage the client to select one of three structural leisure activities to complete. C. Provide the client with a leisure history questionnaire to complete. D. Commend the client's motivation but remind the client that rest is recommended for 24 hours after ECT.

B. Encourage the client to select one of three structural leisure activities to complete.

Several adolescents with behavior problems attend a school-based after-school program. They work at an egocentric-cooperative/basic cooperative level in group which is focused on developing the skills needed to enable successful performance and respond effectively to peer pressure. Which of the following should the OTA focus on helping the group members do in the group to facilitate the attainment of group goals? A. Actively take on roles such as energizer, coordinator, or opinion giver. B. Focus on the group tasks related to the completion of a long-range activity. C. Make a decision with minimal to no input or guidance from the group leader. D. Perform group skills consistent with the developmental level of adolescents.

B. Focus on the group tasks related to the completion of a long-range activity.

An OTA works with an acute care rehabilitation patient with diabetes and a below knee amputation to learn how to effectively perform home management task while wearing a BK prosthesis. When taking laundry from a front-loading washer and placing it into a top-loading dryer, the patient reports feeling weak, dizzy, and somewhat nauseous. The OTA notices that the patient is sweating profusely and is unsteady when standing. Which is the best immediate course of action for the OTA to take in response to the patient's complaints and these observations? A. Return the person to the unit of care due to an insulin reaction. B. Have the patient sit and give them orange developing hypoglycemia. C. Call a nurse to administer an insulin injection for developing hyperglycemia. D. Have the patient sit until the orthostatic hypotension resolves.

B. Have the patient sit and give them orange developing hypoglycemia.

A person blinded in an accident begins an occupational therapy program for persons with vision loss. Before the accident, the person lived independently and worked as an accountant. The occupational therapist and OTA collaborate with the individual to develop an intervention plan. Which activities are best for the therapist and OTA to include in the initial intervention plan? Select the three BEST responses. A. Exploring new vocational interests. B. Learning alternative computer access skills. C. Organizing the client's morning personal care routine. D. Learning home safety and emergency procedures. E. Adapting cooking activities to accommodate vision loss. F. Adapting clothing care (e.g. ironing) to accommodate vision loss.

B. Learning alternative computer access skills. C. Organizing the client's morning personal care routine. D. Learning home safety and emergency procedures.

An OTA works with an individual recovering from traumatic brain injury in a rehabilitation hospital. The OTA uses a transfer of training approach to help the patient develop and carry out a daily schedule of activities upon the patient's return home. Which is the most effective activity for the OTA to use during an intervention session with this client? A. Preparation of a simple meal. B. Organization of a list of daily activities. C. Composition of a shopping list. D. Completion of an interest checklist.

B. Organization of a list of daily activities.

During a therapeutic feeding session, a child with spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy demonstrates a consistent tonic bite reflex. Which technique should the OTA use to help inhibit this reflex? A. Apply slight upward pressure of the index finger under the child's lip. B. Press a spoon down firmly on the center of the child's tongue. C. Place foods such soft-cooked vegetables between the gum and teeth. D. Provide sensory input to the inferior faucial arhces using a chilled dental exam mirror.

B. Press a spoon down firmly on the center of the child's tongue.

An individual is recovering from lumbar surgery. The patient must remain flat in bed during the initial recovery stages. The patient expresses interest in reading from a personal collection of classic comics. Which adaptation is best for the OTA to recommend for the client use for reading. A. A page magnifier. B. Prism glasses. C. Audiotapes of books of interest. D. Large print books of interest.

B. Prism glasses.

The population of an urban homeless shelter includes individuals with histories of chronic alcohol abuse who are at risk for developing peripheral neuropathy. The OTA consulting at this shelter monitors the residents' status to ensure detection of this problem. Which is the most important observed status change for the OTA to report to the occupational therapist? A. Progressive deterioration in visual acuity. B. Progressive deterioration of sensorimotor functions of the lower extremities. C. Rapid onset of intention tremors in the upper extremities. D. Rapid loss of sensorimotor functions of the facial and neck muscles.

B. Progressive deterioration of sensorimotor functions of the lower extremities.

An individual attends a community day treatment program to assist in recovery from major depression. The client has good eye contact and responds verbally to interactions initiated by others. Cognition is intact. Which group level is best for the OTA to recommend this client attend? A. Parallel. B. Project/associative. C. Cooperative/supportive. D. Mature.

B. Project/associative.

An OTA work with an 8-year-old with pervasive developmental disabilities in order to improve self-care skills. In teaching the child to brush teeth, the OTA places the toothbrush in the child' hand and guides it to the mouth. To help the child learn to complete the activity the OTA uses the somatosensory system. Which of the following is most effective for the OTA to use next during intervention with this child/ A. Tell the child to brush up and down and provide verbal prompts. B. Provide hand-over-hand assistance to brush the child's teeth. C. Touch the child's hand to prompt hand-to-mouth movements. D. Instruct the child to follow a pictorial sequence card depicting tootbrushing.

B. Provide hand-over-hand assistance to brush the child's teeth.

The parents of a 5-year-old with attention deficit with hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) express difficulty managing the child's aggressive behavior toward older siblings. Which is the most effective strategy for the OTA to recommend to the parents? A. Allow the child to vent aggressive feelings on a stuffed animal or doll. B. Redirect the child's energy into acceptable and safe play activities. C. Provide consistent punishment for aggressive behaviors.

B. Redirect the child's energy into acceptable and safe play activities.

An employed individual is completing an inpatient program for substance abuse. The OTA consults with the supervising occupational therapist to review the discharge plan. Which would be most beneficial for the OTA and therapist to recommend as part of the individual's discharge plan?> A. Assignment to a member of a local Narcotics Anonymous group. B. Regular attendance at one or more Narcotics Anonymous meetings weekly. C. Attendance at the psychosocial clubhouse for leisure skills groups. D. Referral to the state vocational rehabilitation services.

B. Regular attendance at one or more Narcotics Anonymous meetings weekly.

An adult diagnosed with multiple sclerosis over 10 years ago experiences an exacerbation of symptoms. The individual's principle complaint is decreased strength and endurance. The person can ambulate short distances with a cane in the home and uses a wheelchair outside of the home. The client asks for suggestions to enable independent home and uses a wheelchair outside of the home. The client asks for suggestions to enable independent home maintenance. Which is the best positioning recommendation for the OTA to suggest the person use during meal preparation? A. Sitting in the wheelchair with a tray table. B. Sitting at the kitchen table. C. Leaning against the counter while standing. D. Leaning against a tall stool while standing.

B. Sitting at the kitchen table.

An OTA provides home-based occupational therapy services. An ambulatory older adult with hemiparesis and presbycusis has recently moved in with an adult child. The child requests information from the OTA to help maintain their parent's functional ability in the home. Which is the best for the OTA to recommend? A. Remove knobs from the stove when the parent is home alone. B. Speak directly, clearly, and slowly to the parent. C. Add bright color strips to the edge of each stair tread. D. Provide the parent with lists of the sequence of routine tasks.

B. Speak directly, clearly, and slowly to the parent.

A 19-year-old with spastic diplegia and an IQ in the range of 55-69 is graduating from a special education program. The student has been in transitional programming since the age of 14. The OTA collaborates with the occupational therapist and the student to complete a discharge plan to meet the student's post-secondary goals. Which of the following should the OTA recommend be included as a post-discharge referral? A. A vocational rehabilitation workshop. B. State vocational rehabilitation services. C. A community college. D. A transitional employment program.

B. State vocational rehabilitation services.

An OTA works with an individual recovering from traumatic brain injury who demonstrates behaviors consistent with level VII of the Rancho Level of Cognitive Functioning Scale. The client is a resident in a transitional living program. Which is the most important focus for the OTA to include in the client's intervention plan? A. The provision of a high degree of environmental structure to decrease confusion and ensure safety. B. The development of strategies to accurately and safely complete IADL with minimal assistance. C. The development of adaptive techniques to accurately and safely complete BADL with moderate assistance. D. The provision of maximum assistance to accurately and safely complete IADL.

B. The development of strategies to accurately and safely complete IADL with minimal assistance.

A client has a three-year history of multiple sclerosis. One of the client's presenting symptoms is a persistent and severe diplopia, which leaves the client frequently nauseated and unable to complete desired activities. Which of the following is best for the OTA to recommend the client discuss with an optometrist? A. Magnifying glasses. B. Prism glasses. C. An eye patch.

C. An eye patch.

An OTA is working with a teenager who is recovering from surgery to remove a brain tumor. The teen has been hospitalized for two months and exhibits a decline in cognitive functioning and muscle weakness. The client is receiving occupational therapy services to develop the skills needed to complete ADL and other desired activities. Upon evaluation, the occupational therapist determined that the client is experiencing symptoms of depression, including anhedonia, social isolation, and poor sleeping patterns. During an intervention session, the OTA learns that the client is feeling socially isolated and missing friends and family members. Which activity is best for the OTA to integrate into intervention session to help the client communicate with and remain connected to friends and family? A. An online social networking service that enables users to send and read short messages of 140 characters or less. B. An online service that allows users to post interests and explore new ones by browsing what others have posted. C. An online networking service that enables one to call, see, and message with others in real-time by using a webcam. D. A business-based networking service for which one creates a profile and is connected to others with similar professional interests.

C. An online networking service that enables one to call, see, and message with others in real-time by using a webcam.

A person fell and sustained bilateral Colle's fractures. The client wore bilateral short-arm casts for 6 weeks. After cast removal, the client began OT sessions to increase endurance and strength prior to returning to work. The client tends to work hard when performing resistive exercises with both wrists. The OTA monitors the client for overexertion. Which behavior indicates overexertion? A. Decreased respiration rate during resistive wrist flexion. B. Increased ability to achieve full ROM of the wrist. C. Complaints of pain in the wrist extensors. D. Consistent strength in wrist extension activities.

C. Complaints of pain in the wrist extensors.

An OTA administers a standardized cognitive-perceptual assessment to a client. The client demonstrates difficulty performing the first two tasks included in this assessment tool. Which is the next best action for the OTA to take? A. Continue the assessment and provide additional verbal cues during the performance. B. Continue the assessment and demonstrate each task for the client. C. Continue the assessment according to the establishment administration protocol. D. Discontinue the assessment to avoid frustrating the client.

C. Continue the assessment according to the establishment administration protocol.

An OTA leads a community integration group for individuals with mild intellectual disabilities who reside in a group home. During a travel training session, a member of the group slips while going up the stairs of a bus. The client quickly gets up, pays the fare, sits down, and jokingly states, "Good thing I bounce well." Which action should the OTA takev after assessing that the person is not injured? A. Cancel the planned activity and return to the group home to file an occurence report. B. Ask the bus driver to radio for an ambulance to obtain a medical assessment of the client. C. Continue with the planned activity and file an occurrence report upon return to the group home. D. Continue with the activity and ask the client to report the development of any symptoms related to the fall.

C. Continue with the planned activity and file an occurence report upon return to the group home.

An OTA is implementing a community mobility group with individuals attending a traumatic brain injury day-treatment program who live in an urban area. Which activity should the OTA plan for the group members to complete during the first group session? A. Reading bus and subway maps. B. Taking a subway or a bus as a group. C. Determining a desired destination. D. Purchasing a public mass transportation fare card.

C. Determining a desired destination.

During a clubhouse vocational support group, a client reports difficulty keeping track of the job tasks that need to be completed each day. What is the most effective recommendation for the OTA to make to the client? A. Write down directions for each task that needs to be completed. B. Keep a daily log of completed tasks. C. Develop and use a checklist of tasks to be completed each day. D. Ask the work supervisor to provide verbal cues through the workday.

C. Develop and use a checklist of tasks to be completed each day.

An adult incurred a traumatic brain injury (TBI), which resulted in sensory and perceptual deficits that make the completion of basic activities of daily living difficult. During an intervention session focused on dressing, which will the OTA most likely observe the person have difficulty with when donning shoes? A. Grasping and manipulating the shoelace. B. Sequencing the steps of tying the shoelaces. C. Discriminating between the right and left shoe.

C. Discriminating between the right and left shoe.

The member of a clubhouse attain a level of cohesion that enables them to perform at a cooperative/supportive cooperative level. Two members disagree with the others on the details of a group project. How should the OTA leading this group respond to this conflict? A. Listen to all viewpoints and suggest that members vote to determine the project details. B. Mediate only when the members have reached a deadlocked situation. C. Encourage the members to explore alternative methods to resolve the conflict.

C. Encourage the members to explore alternative methods to resolve the conflict.

A client with a persistent depressive disorder and their spouse attend a discharge meeting with the OTA following the client's four day hospitalization for a major depressive episode. They express concern they have few shared activity interests and spend little time together. The client retired four month ago. The spouse continues to work full time. Which of the following should the OTA encourage this couple to do first to address this concerns? A. Immediately participate in one activity together. B. Engage in their individual activities of interest during the week. C. Explore activities they have enjoyed together and alone. D. Delay planning activities until the depression is totally resolved.

C. Explore activities they have enjoyed together and alone.

An individual with developmental disabilities scores a Level 4 on Allen's Cognitive Level test. The OTA collaborates with the occupational therapist to plan intervention. Which activities should the OTA and occupational therapist include in the intervention plan to help meet the client's functional needs? Select the three BEST responses. A. Self-care activities such as brushing teeth. B. Home management activities such as folding socks. C. Home management activities such as food shopping using a prepared list. D. Leisure activities such as matching picture cards. E. Leisure activities such as completing a 50-piece puzzle. F. Community mobility training to develop the ability to take public transport using a map.

C. Home management activities such as food shopping using a prepared list. E. Leisure activities such as completing a 50-piece puzzle. F. Community mobility training to develop the ability to take public transport using a map.

An individual is status post carpal tunnel release. When the OTA conducts a sensory test for sharp/dull (pain), the person reports dull as sharp on the palmar surface of the thumb and index finger. All other responses are correct. Which is accurate for the OTA to document about the individual's sensation? A. Impaired for pain along C5 and C6 dermatomes. B. Hypersensitive along the ulnar nerve distribution of the palmar surface of the hand. C. Hypersensitive along the median nerve distribution of the thumb and index fingers. D. Absent for pain along the median nerve distribution.

C. Hypersensitive along the median nerve distribution of the thumb and index fingers.

A 3-year-old with severe congenital anomalies and irreparable cleft plate has a do not resuscitate (DNR) order. While being fitted for a molded seat for a wheelchair, the child stops breathing and turns blue. The OTA determines that the child has brachial pulse. Which of the following is the first action the OTA should take in response to this situation? A. Inform the physician about the situation and the child's DNR order. B. Call the supervising occupational therapist to discuss the best response. C. Implement the facility's emergency procedure. D. Perform obstructed airway maneuver and monitor heart rate for 5 minutes.

C. Implement the facility's emergency procedure.

A single parent with rheumatoid arthritis and two school-aged children reports difficulty completing a home exercise program. The parent states that multiple familial, work, and home management responsibilities fill the day and additional activities cannot fit into the day. Which is the best action for the OTA to take in response to these realities? A. Explain and reinforce the importance of active range-of-motion exercise for remediation of dysfunction. B. Provide interventions to improve time management skills and temporal adaptation. C. Incorporate the parent's engagement in a diversity of role activities into the home program. D. Increase the frequency of OT session to compensate for lack of follow-through on the home program.

C. Incorporate the parent's engagement in a diversity of role activities into the home program.

An OTA is working with a patient to develop their ability to complete dressing tasks. The patient requires assistance to pull the shirt down over the body and verbal cues to orient the shirt correctly. In documenting the patient's performance, which mist accurately represents the patient's performance in upper body dressing? A. Modified independence. B. Stand-by supervision. C. Minimal assistance. D. Moderate assistance.

C. Minimal assistance.

An OTA employed in a pediatric clinic for children with cerebral palst participates in a performance appraisal. The OTA's supervisor identifies handling skills as an area needing improvement. Which is the most effective way for the OTA to improve handling skills? A. Observe an experienced occupational therapist using handling techniques with a diversity of children with cerebral palsy. B. Complete an extensive literature review of evidence based practice for children with cerebral palsy. C. Participate in a beginner-level experimental course on handling skills with children with cerebral palsy. D. Attend a video teleconference on handling skills for the child with cerebral palsy.

C. Participate in a beginner-level experimental course on handling skills with children with cerebral palsy.

An individual recives OT services at a subacute rehabilitation facility. The patient's personal goal is to be independent in dressing. The patient demonstrates decreased memory, poor sequencing skills, and ideational apraxia. Which of the following is most effective for the OTA to provide when teaching one-handed dressing techniques to this patient? A. Step-by-step verbal instructions. B. Sequenced photographs of the steps in dressing. C. Physical prompts to initiate the steps in dressing. D. A full-length mirror for the client to observe self-dressing performance.

C. Physical prompts to initiate the steps in dressing.

An elementary school-aged child holds a pencil with a tightly static tripod grasp and forms letters at an average rate of speed. The child demonstrates the ability to write all class and homework assignments. Which is best for the OTA to recommend this child do to improve their grasp? A. Perform all written work with a larger pencil and jumbo crayon on a horizontal surface. B. Take a break every 15 minutes while writing to open and close the hand several times. C. Practice moving coins from the fingertips to the palm and then from the palm to the fingertips. D. Write all written work on a vertical surface, such as an easel or classroom wall board.

C. Practice moving coins from the fingertips to the palm and then from the palm to the fingertips.

An older teenager with a congenital right, below-elbow amputation had never wanted a prosthesis. Now the teen wants a prosthesis "to look good at the prom and for going on dates." Which action would be most beneficial to meet the client's expressed need? A. Recommend a prosthesis with a cosmetic passive handle. B. Recommend a prosthesis with a voluntary opening hook. C. Recommend a prosthesis with a myoelectrically controlled hand. D. Recommend counseling to explore the client's sudden preoccupation with body image.

C. Recommend a prosthesis with a myoelectrically controlled hand.

An individual with spinal cord injury at the level of T1 is practicing a stand-pivot transfer in the OT department of a rehabilitation center. The patient complains of dizziness and nausea. Which action is most important for the OTA to take first? A. Call for help according to facility procedures. B. Return the patient to the wheelchair for a 5-minute rest break. C. Return the person to the wheelchair and immediately recline it. D. Return the patient to the wheelchair and transport the patient back to rest in bed.

C. Return the person to the wheelchair and immediately recline it.

An OTA works with the new foster parent of a 2-year-old child diagnosed with major developmental delays and severe hypotonia. The OTA advises the foster parents to position the head in midline during feeding. Which additional positioning recommendations for feeding are best for this child? A. Sitting with hips and knees at 90-degrees of flexion, neck in neutral. B. Sitting with hips and knees at 90 degrees of flexion, neck in extension. C. Semi-reclined with neck in neutral. D. Semi-reclined with neck in extension.

C. Semi-reclined with neck in neutral.

The transition plan for an 18-year-old with developmental delay includes employment in a vocational rehabilitation workshop job setting. The student has a set a goal to live independent of family. Which is the best living environment for the OTA to recommend for this student? A. AN apartment in a subsidized housing project. B. A group home with case managers available on-call. C. A supported apartment with a roommate. D. A group home with daily on-site supervision.

D. A group home with daily on-site supervision.

An adolescent with myelomeningocele (spina bifida) at the C8 level wants to access a new computerized play system. Which is the best adaptation for the OTA to recommend the adolescence use to access this system? A. A chin switch. B. A tenodesis splint. C. A dorsal wrist splint with a universal cuff. D. A joystick control.

D. A joystick control.

AN individual cannot independently get from a supine position to a sitting position. The client has good scapular, shoulder, and elbow muscle strength. Which of the following should the OTA recommend as the most effective for the client to use to improve bed mobility? A. A leg lifter. B. A bed rail assist. C. A log roll technique. D. A rope ladder.

D. A rope ladder.

An individual admitted to a psychosocial day treatment program has a diagnosis of a major depressive disorder. The client reports having difficulty performing home management tasks and caring for two young children. The occupational therapist determines that the recently hired, entry-level OTA can contribute to the evaluation process. Which assessment is best for the OTA to complete with this client? A. A cognitive evaluation. B. A mental status exam. C. An occupational history interview. D. An activities of daily living evaluation.

D. An activities of daily living evaluation.

An OTA works in a school setting with adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The need for a social skills training group is identified. One activity that the OTA plans to use in the group is role playing. Which is the most effective way for the OTA to determine relevant scenarios for the role-play activities? A. Survey the teachers on social difficulties displayed in class. B. Survey parents on social difficulties they have observed in the adolescents. C. Review literature on adolescents social skill development. D. Ask the group members about their social concerns.

D. Ask the group members about their social concerns.

An older adult has lost significant functional vision over the last four years and complains of blurred vision and difficulty reading. The person frequently mistakes images directly in front, especially in bright light. When walking across a room, the person is able to locate items in the environment using peripheral vision when items are located to both sides. Based on these findings, which visual deficit should the OTA report the client is most likely exhibiting? A. Glaucoma B. Presbyopia. C. Hemianopsia. D. Cataracts.

D. Cataracts.

AN OTA working on an acute psychiatric inpatient unit conducts a series of groups for clients newly admitted to the unit. Which group leadership style is most effective for the OTA to assume when leading these groups? A. Advisory. B. Facilitative. C. Laissez faire. D. Directive.

D. Directive.

A tool and die designer develops bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome. The local work hardening program does not have the exact equipment that the designer uses in the job setting. Which action is best for the OTA to take in response to the situation? A. Refer the client to another work hardening program that has the equipment. B. Inform the occupational therapist about the need for equipment to duplicate the work setting. C. Perform some necessary aspects of rehabilitation in the client's work setting. D. Duplicate the job task components as closely as possible.

D. Duplicate the job task components as closely as possible.

A graduate student with an anxiety disorder reports feeling confused about the future. During the OT evaluation, the client relates decreased feelings of competence for a chosen field of study and overall poor personal causation. Which is the best initial action for the OTA to take in response to the client's stated concern? A. Administer a vocational interest inventory. B. Provide activities related to the client's chosen field of study. C. Refer the client to the state office of vocational and educational service. D. Establish short-term goals with high potential for attainment.

D. Establish short-term goals with high potential for attainment.

An older adult with a mild neurocognitive disorder consistent with Reisberg's Level 3 has been told to stop driving by their primary care physician. The client and spouse seek services from an OTA who has attained service competency in driver rehabilitation. The client and spouse are upset about the physician's advise because the spouse does not drive. Which response is best for the OTA to provide to this client and spouse? A. Advise the client and spouse to seek a second opinion from a physician who specializes in neurocognitive disorders. B. Train the spouse to use a navigation system to provide verbal directional prompts to the client. C. Schedule the client for a full evaluation of performance skills and client factors. D. Explore available driving alternatives to maintain community mobility and participation.

D. Explore available driving alternatives to maintain community mobility and participation.

The parent of two elementary school-aged children receives home care hospice services due to metastasized bone cancer. The client has pain, poor endurance, and decreased muscle strength. The client requires moderate assistance with self-care and dressing. Which is the best intervention for the OTA to incorporate into session with this parent? A. Training in energy conservation techniques for self-care and dressing. B. Training in joint protection techniques for self-care and dressing. C. Using biofeedback to reduce the client's pain. D. Exploring play activities for the parent to do with the children.

D. Exploring play activities for the parent to do with the children.

An OTA conducts an intervention session with a client recovering from a CVA to develop transfer skills. The client has a comorbidity of epilepsy with primary generalized seizures. As the client stands to complete a transfer from the wheelchair to the bed, the client reports feeling sensations that are indicative of an aura.Which is the best immediate action for the OTA to take in response to this situation? A. Provide reassurance and ask for guidance from the occupational therapist. B. Return the client to a seated position in the wheelchair until the sensations pass. C. End the session so the client can rest and inform the occupational therapist. D. Guide the person into a side-lying position on the bed.

D. Guide the person into a side-lying position on the bed.

A middle school student with moderate intellectual disability does not eat lunch during the school's lunch hour. Instead the student spends the lunch period socializing with peers. A 1:1 aide is not assigned to the student. Which is the first intervention the school-based OTA should use to promote the activity of eating lunch? A. Schedule the student's lunch to be in the classroom to limit distraction. B. Provide positive feedback for attending to eating at 10-minute intervals. C. Practice role playing lunch conversations in the classroom. D. Have a student share a lunchroom table with one peer.

D. Have the student share a lunchroom table with one peer.

A patient with fibromyalgia is receiveing occupational therpay to reduce pain and promote fexibility during ADL tasks. The patient expresses the intend to discontinue treatment based on information obtained during an online search that questioned the value of therapy for fibromyalgia. Which of the following actions should the OTA do first in response to the patient's statement. A. Confront the inaccuracy of these statements and provide current evidence-based research about the benefits of therapy for persons with fibromyalgia. B. Reassure the patient that the physician has ordered therapy; therefor, it will be beneficial. C. Respect the patient's wishes and advise the occupational therapist that services should be discontinued. D. Inform the patient that online information can be inaccurate and provide literature about the benefits of therapy for fibromyalgia.

D. Inform the patient that online information can be inaccurate and provide literature about the benefits of therapy for fibromyalgia.

In measuring the ROM of a client's elbow, the OTA records a flexion measurement of 145 degrees. Which is most accurate for the OTA to document based on this measurement? A. Hypomobility. B. Dysfunctional elbow ROM. C. Hypermobility D. Normal elbow ROM.

D. Normal elbow ROM.

During a group session an older adult complains that everyone is mumbling. Which action should the OTA take after the group in response to these statements. A. Notify the client's physician that the person exhibited evidence of paranoia. B. Collaborate with the occupational therapist to remove groups from the client's intervention. C. Document objective data about the complaints in the person;s charts. D. Notify the occupational therapist that the person may need an audiological evaluation.

D. Notify the occupational therapist that the person may need an audiological evaluation.

An OTA provides occupational therapy services in a program for survivors of domestic violence. The OTA uses a client-centered approach. Which should the OTA do during intervention session? A. Offer specific suggestions for more effectively dealing with confrontation. B. Respond to self-depreciating comments positive feedback on personal characteristic. C> Reinforce only the consumers' neutral comments about themselves and their skills. D. Paraphrase the consumers' statements to help clarify expressed feelings and plans.

D. Paraphrase the consumers' statements to help clarify expressed feelings and plans.

An individual with obsessive-complsive personality disorder participates in a vocational program. The client asks the OTA to speak to the supervisor of the transitional employment program (TEP). The client is concerned that compulsive behaviors are interfering with job performance and may result in the loss of a new TEP placement. Which is the OTA's best response to the expressed concerns? A. Instruct the client to speak to the TEP supervisor about the right to receive reasonable accommodations. B. Schedule a re-evaluation of the client's work behaviors and skills. C. Assure the client that it is natural to have initial difficulties at a new job. D. Schedule an appointment with the client and the TEP supervisor.

D. Schedule an appointment with the client and the TEP supervisor.

An OTA working in a skilled nursing facility observes a resident with cognitive disabilities don slippers by putting them on the wrong feet. The resident plans to go visit a friend on another floor and does not seem aware that the slippers are on the wrong feet. Which is the best action for the OTA to take in response to this situation? A. Say nothing because this error may embarrass the resident. B. Say nothing but follow the resident to the friend's room to ensure a safe arrival. C. Ask the resident to look at the slippers to see if the error is noticed. D. Sportively inform the resident of the need to reverse the slippers.

D. Sportively inform the resident of the need to reverse the slippers.

A child with autism receives home care OT intervention services. The parent identifies a primary goal of developing the child's independent toileting skills. The child is completely dependent, and the parent reports not attempting toilet training for several years. The OTA collaborates with the occupational therapist to establish the first intervention goal for the child. Which behavior should this goal address? A. The child's ability to sit on the toilet with supervision. B. The child's ability to verbally tell someone of the need to go to the bathroom. C. The child's ability to nonverbally indicate the need to go to the bathroom. D. The child's ability to indicate when the diaper is wet or soiled.

D. The child's ability to indicate when the diaper is wet or soiled.