NCLEX-PN Nutrition

The nurse has completed diet teaching for a client who has been prescribed a low-sodium diet to treat hypertension. The nurse determines that there is a need for further teaching when the client makes which statement?

"Fresh foods such as fruits and vegetables are high in sodium."

The mother of an infant newly diagnosed with cystic fibrosis is being taught proper nutritional needs for the infant. The nurse determines that the mother understands nutritional needs when the mother gives which response?

"I know I need to monitor my infant's stools, and if there are more than four stools a day, I will increase the pancreatic enzyme."

The mother of an infant newly diagnosed with cystic fibrosis is being taught proper nutritional needs for the infant. The nurse determines that the mother understands nutritional needs when the mother gives which response? 1.

"I know I need to monitor my infant's stools, and if there are more than four stools a day, I will increase the pancreatic enzyme."

A caregiver states that the client eats only about 25% of the food that is offered and is losing weight. The caregiver asks the nurse about feeding the client by a tube into the stomach. Which initial response by the nurse would be appropriate?

"Tube feedings can provide adequate amounts of required nutrients.

the nurse is preparing to administer a continuous tube feeding to a client with a nasogastric tube. the healthcare provider has prescribed an amount of 100 mL/hr. how much formula should the nurse plan to add to fill the feeding bag?

800 mL of formula

the nurse reinforces instructions to a client to increase the amount of riboflavin in the diet. The nurse should tell the client to select which food item that is high in riboflavin?

Milk

The nurse is instructing a client with osteomalacia about appropriate food items to include in the diet. Which food items should be included in the client's diet? Select all that apply.

Milk Wild caught salmon

The nurse is reinforcing instructions to a client regarding how to decrease the intake of phosphorus in the diet. The nurse should tell the client that which food items are allowed with few restrictions in a phosphorus-restricted diet? Select all that apply.

Apples White bread Egg whites

The nurse reviews a client's serum sodium level and notes that the level is 150 mEq/L (150 mmol/L). The primary health care provider prescribes dietary instructions for the client based on the sodium level. Which food items should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? Select all that apply.

Bacon Salami Processed oat cereals

The nurse is asked to assist with preparing a client who will be receiving a continuous total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solution via a central line. The nurse plans to institute which interventions for this client related to the TPN? Select all that apply.

Central line dressing changes per protocol Blood glucose monitoring around the clock Using an electronic infusion pump with the infusion Reviewing prescribed blood laboratory values including electrolytes

A client with heart disease is instructed regarding a low-fat diet. The nurse determines that the client understands the diet if the client states to avoid which food item?

Cheese

A 17-year-old pregnant client is being seen at the obstetric clinic. The nurse is reviewing the following laboratory results, which were obtained 2 hours after breakfast: hemoglobin 10 g/dL (100 mmol/L), sodium 140 mEq (140 mmol/L), glucose 110 mg/dL (6 mmol/L), potassium 4.1 mEq (4.1 mmol/L). Which dietary instruction should the nurse reinforce for this client?

Increase the amount of red meats.

The nurse teaches the family of an infant with spina bifida that the infant should not be given which baby foods that may trigger a latex-type food allergy? Select all that apply.

Kiwi Bananas Avocados

The nurse caring for a client with a neurological disorder is assisting in planning care to maintain nutritional status. The client has had a swallowing study done that shows the client is at risk for aspiration and is able to feed self. The nurse should review which interventions with the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)? Select all that apply.

Observe client for episodes of coughing or choking. Add the prescribed thickener to liquids

The nurse employed in a well-baby clinic is reinforcing nutrition instructions to the mother of a 1-month-old infant. Which instruction should the nurse provide the mother?

Offer breast milk or formula as the main food.

A newly pregnant client is asking how to prevent neural-tube birth defects. The nurse reinforces which food choices to include in the diet? Select all that apply.

Oranges Broccoli Grapefruit

The nurse is providing dietary instructions to a client with gout. The nurse should tell the client to avoid which food item?

Scallops

A client receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) asks the nurse if he has developed diabetes when the capillary blood glucose level is monitored and he is given insulin. The nurse explains that which is the reason for monitoring glucose levels and administering insulin?

TPN contains concentrated carbohydrates and raises blood glucose.

The nurse is developing a nutritional plan for an assigned client. Which is the most critical piece of data to collect before formulating the plan?

The presence of food allergies

A client is receiving total parenteral nutrition and has been NPO. The primary health care provider (PHCP) prescribed small amounts of clear liquids today. The nurse's priority is to collect data regarding which criterion before giving the client anything by mouth?

The presence of the swallow reflex

the nurse instructs a client at risk for hypokalemia about the foods high in potassium that should be included in the daily diet. the nurse tells the client that which food provides the least amount of potassium?

apple

when reinforcing instructions to a client with acute diverticulitis, which should the nurse include?

avoid whole-grain products

a client receiving total parenteral nutrition complains of nausea, excessive thirst, and increased frequency of voiding. the nurse should initially review which client data?

capillary blood glucose level

a client with a burn injury is transferred to the nursing unit and a regular diet has been prescribed. The nurse encourages the client to eat which dietary items to promote wound healing?

chicken breast, broccoli, strawberries and milk

a child with leukemia is experiencing nausea realted to medication therapy. The nurse, concerned about the child's nutritional status, should offer which during an episode of nausea?

cool, clear liquids

a client has a diagnosis of hyperphosphatemia. the nurse reinforces teaching the client to eliminate which from the diet?

fish

the nurse is caring for a client following a total hip replacement. the client has been diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. the nurse instructs the client to increase intake of which foods?

lean beef and chicken liver

the nurse is instructing a client on how to decrease the intake of magnesium in the diet. the nurse tells the client that which food item contains the least amount of magnesium?

processed drinking water

the nurse caring for a client with a neurological disorder is assisting in planning care to maintain nutritional status. the nurse is concerned about the client's swallowing ability. the nurse avoids including which food item in this client's diet?

spinach

A client has a diagnosis of hyperphosphatemia. The nurse reinforces instructions by telling the client to eliminate which items from the diet? Select all that apply.

Fish Chicken

A client has a serum sodium level of 151 mEq/L (151 mmol/L), and the nurse reinforces dietary teaching about the types of foods to avoid. The nurse determines that there is a need for further teaching if the client states that which food choices are good? Select all that apply

Sauerkraut American cheese

The nurse needs to increase the calcium in the diet of a client who is lactose intolerant. Which food items should the nurse encourage? Select all that apply.

Tofu Broccoli Sardines Mustard greens

A client has been diagnosed with pernicious anemia. In planning care for the client, the nurse anticipates that the client will be treated with which vitamin or mineral?

Vitamin B12

The nurse reinforces instructions regarding diet for a client at risk for hypokalemia. The nurse determines there is a need for further teaching when the client selects which foods as sources high in potassium? Select all that apply.

Bread and butter Carrots and peas Peppers and onions

A client in a long-term care facility is being prepared to be discharged to home in 2 days. The client has been eating a regular diet for a week, yet is still receiving intermittent enteral tube feedings and will need to receive these feedings at home. The client states concern about not being able to continue the tube feedings at home with family caregivers. Which nursing response would be appropriate at this time?

"Tell me more about your concerns with your feedings after going home."

The nurse who is assisting in a weight loss program prepares to monitor a client's weight. The client receives education about caloric intake and weight reduction. In order to lose 2 pounds per week the caloric intake should be decreased by how many calories per day?

1000 calories

A client is receiving an enteral feeding that delivers 1.5 calories/mL. The feeding is infusing at 30 mL/hr via a feeding pump. What is the maximal amount of calories the client should receive in an 8-hour period if the tube feeding is not interrupted? Fill in the blank.

360

A low-sodium diet has been prescribed for a client with hypertension. Which food selected from the menu by the client indicates an understanding of this diet?

Baked Turkey

a client is admitted to a long-term care facility with the diagnosis of weight loss secondary to anorexia. the health care provider inserts a nasogastric tube and prescribes a tube feeding of a standard formula feeding to run at 50 ml/hr the nurse plans care, knowing that which is true regarding enteral feedings

enteral feedings require the normal digestive capabilities of the GI tract

the nurse is assigned to assist in caring for a client who is receiving parenteral nutrition with fat emulsion. the nurse is instructed to monitor the client for signs of fat overload. the nurse monitors for which signs and symptoms of this complication?

ever and pruritic urticaria

a client is having problems with blood clotting. Which food item should the nurse encourage the client to eat?

green, leafy vegetables

the nurse provides dietary instructions to a client at risk for hypokalemia about the foods high in potassium that should be included in the daily diet. the nurse tells the client that the fruit highest in potassium is which selection?

kiwifruit

a client who has recently been started on enteral feedings begins to complain of abdominal cramping, followed by passage of two liquid stools. the nurse notes that the client has abdominal distention as well. the nurse reviews the nutritional content on the label of the can to see if it contains which ingredient

lactose

a client receiving enteral feedings develops abdominal distention and diarrhea shortly after initiation of the feedings. in review of the nursing history for this client, which of these notations indicates the need to notify the health care provider?

lactose intolerance since childhood

A client states that he has removed all dairy foods from his diet because he is lactose intolerant. The nurse plans care for the client knowing which information?

Calcium and protein are valuable nutrients and need to be supplemented in some form.

A hospitalized client is a lacto-vegetarian. Which food item should the nurse remove from the meal tray?

Eggs

The nurse instructs a client at risk for hypokalemia from thiazide diuretic therapy about foods that are high in potassium. The nurse determines that there is a need for further teaching if the client states that which foods are high in potassium and should be included in the diet plan? Select all that apply

Eggs White bread with butter

A client is admitted to a long-term care facility with the diagnosis of weight loss secondary to anorexia. The primary health care provider inserts a nasogastric tube and prescribes a tube feeding of a standard formula feeding to run at 50 mL/hr. The nurse plans care, knowing that which is true regarding enteral feedings?

Enteral feedings require the normal digestive capabilities of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.

The nurse is providing dietary instructions to a client with a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis. The client is prescribed to follow a low residue diet during episodes of diarrhea. Which food should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

Fresh corn on the cob

A client with hypertension has been prescribed a low-sodium diet. The nurse reinforcing instructions about foods that are allowed should include which foods in a list provided to the client? Select all that apply.

Fresh tomato Summer squash

The nurse is reinforcing dietary instructions to a client with tuberculosis who has lost weight. The nurse reinforces instructions for the client to increase intake of protein and vitamin C. The nurse determines that teaching has been effective when the client selects which food items in the daily diet

Hamburger and oranges

The nurse is reinforcing instructions to a client on how to decrease the intake of potassium in the diet. The nurse determines the need for further teaching if the client selects which foods to include in the diet? Select all that apply.

Potatoes Avacadoes Salt Substitute

A client is recovering from abdominal surgery and has a large abdominal wound. The nurse encourages the client to eat foods from which nutrient categories to promote wound healing? Select all that apply.

Protien Vitamin C

The nurse is preparing to administer an intermittent tube feeding to a client. The nurse aspirates 90 mL of residual from the tube. What should the nurse do? Select all that apply.

Reinstill the residual and administer the feeding. Document the amount of residual.

The nurse is preparing to administer an intermittent tube feeding to a client. The nurse aspirates and is unable to obtain any residual tube feeding. Which action should the nurse take next?

Turn the client to the side and attempt to aspirate again

The nurse has given dietary instructions to a client to minimize the risk of osteoporosis. The nurse determines that the client understands the recommended changes if the client verbalizes the intention to increase intake of which foods? Select all that apply.

Yogurt Cottage cheese

the nurse has given dietary instructions to a client to minimize the risk of osteoporosis. the nurse determines that the client understands the recommended changes if the client verbalizes to increase intake of which food?

cottage cheese

the nurse is reinforcing instructions to a client on how to decrease the intake of potassium in the diet. The nurse should tell the client that which food contains the least amount of potassium?

lettuce

The nurse is caring for a client following a total hip replacement. The client has been diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the client to increase intake of which foods? Select all that apply.

Lean beef and chicken liver Clams and mussels