NCLEX RN
Im-; in-
"Not" or "into"
When a woman is hospitalized for severe pre-eclampsia the nurse should test...
#1 reflexes, the urine for protein
What are the top 2 diagnoses for a client with a catheter?
#1- Potential for infection; Potential impairment of urethral tissue integrity
What cranial nerve is affected in Bell's Palsy?
#7, facial nerve
Ego Integrity vs. Despair
(Erikson) People in late adulthood either achieve a sense of integrity of the self by accepting the lives they have lived or yield to despair that their lives cannot be relived
Russell's traction
- Modified Buck's extension with sling under knees; note risk of impaired circulation in lower leg - Used to align fractures of femur, hip, or knee disorders "Pulls" contracted muscles; elevate foot of bed with shock blocks to provide countertraction; sling can be loosened for skin care; check popliteal pulse. Place pillows under lower leg. Make sure heel is off the bed. Must not turn from waist down. Lift patient, not leg, to provide assistance.
What ending do anticholinesterases have?
-stigmine
The total apgar score can range from
0 to 10
During menstruation, the average daily loss of iron is _____ mg.
0.5 to 1.0 mg
With what solution should blood be transfused?
0.9 normal saline
What IV solution is hung with a blood transfusion?
0.9 normal saline (No glucose)
The 2nd stage of labor and delivery lasts ______ hours for a primagravida and ______ hours for a multigravida.
1 1/2 hours, 1/2 hour
1 ml
1 cc
How many pounds per week is the diabetic allowed to gain the 2nd and 3rd trimesters?
1 pound a week
The preferred length of needle to administer an IM injection is...
1 to 2 inch
Epiglottitis most commonly occurs in children from age ________ to ______.
1 to 8 years
How long should it take for one unit of blood to infuse?
1 unit in 2 hours. Can take 2-4 hours for 1 unit of blood to be transfused.
The first trimester goes from week _____ to week_____.
1, 13
In the long term reorganization phase the woman has 4 common fears. Name them....
1. Indoors or outdoors (depending on where the rape occured) 2. Being alone or in crowds 3. People being behind them 4. Sexual fears
sequence for physical assessment of the abdomen
1. Inspect. 2. Auscultate. 3. Percuss. 4. Palpate.
No nurse should attend the client with a cesium implant more than ____ per day.
1/2 hour
How far above the ear canal should you hold the dropper while administering ear drops?
1/2 inch
An individual is overweight if they are ________% above the ideal weight.
10
Mastitis usually occurs at least _______days after delivery.
10
THe cervix is fully dilated when it is ______ cm.
10
How long does it usually take for the dialysate to drain out of the peritoneum?
10 minutes: (10 minutes flow in, 30 minutes in abdominal cavity, 10 minutes flow out = total of 50 minutes)
For how long should suction be applied during any one entry of the catheter?
10 seconds
How long is the needle kept inserted during Z-track injection?
10 seconds
On heart rate or cardiac status, a 2 means that the HR is above _______ BPM.
100
What temperature is appropriate for the water used to bathe an infant?
100 to 105
1 L
1000 cc
1 kg
1000 cc
1 g
1000 mg
What is the hightes that the temp will be in appendicitis?
102 F
Mastitis is accompanied by a fever over _________.
102 degrees
How long is the first stage of labor and delivery for a primagravida? For a multigravida?
12 hours, 6 hours
With what size catheter should an adult's airway be suctioned?
12 to 16 French
What is the age range of formal operation thinking?
12-15
How long should the stump be elevated to prevent post op swelling?
12-24 hours
How much suction should be used for an adult?
120 to 150 mm Hg
What is the normal adult blood pressure?
120/80
How many days after ovulation does menstruation begin?
14 days
The second trimester goes from week ____ to week ______.
14, 27
The diagnosis is made when there is a weight loss of _______% or more of body weight.
15 (weigh < 85% of normal body weight), hospitalize if 30% weight loss
1 tbs
15 cc
1 gm
15 gr
In what age range is spinal cord injury most common?
15 to 25
Apendicitis occurs most in what age group?
15 to 35
People who smoke more than ______ cigarettes per day should not be on oral contraceptives.
15, because if you smoke you have constriction of vessels and this potentates the chances that a woman on oral contraceptives will get thrombophlebitis
How long is the dialysate allowed to remain in the peritoneum before it is drained out?
15-30 minutes
What gauge catheter would you use to start an IV in hypovolemic shock?
16 or larger
Which week can mother first feel the fetus move?
16th to 20th week (the end of the 4th month into the 5th month)
If you are the nurse starting the IV on the client with Abruptia Placenta, what guage needle should you use?
18 (in preparation to give blood if necessary)
When blood is administered by IV, the needle/catheter should be ________gauge.
18 gauge
If you were told to start the IV on the woman admitted for Placenta Previa, what gauge needle would you use?
18 gauge, or any other large enough to administer blood
In the rule of nines, the front trunk gets_____, the posterior trunk gets_____, each leg gets ______ and the genitalia gets________.
18%, 18%, 18%, 1%
What is the age range for early adulthood?
19 to 35 years of age
If an AIDS patient's blood contaminates a counter top, with what di you clean?
1:10 solution of bleach and water
The maximum score and infant can receive on any one of the criteria is
2
What is the maximal O2 flow rate for the client with COPD?
2 L/min
Children should receive no more than _______ cc per site by IM injection.
2 cc
When does the 4th stage of labor and delivery end?
2 hours after expulsion of the placenta
How long should a woman wait before lifting heavy objects after a hysterectomy?
2 months
How many nurses are requried to check the blood?
2 nurses
How long will a client's memory be impaired after ECT?
2 to 3 weeks
How long after strep infection does AGN develop?
2 to 3 weeks after initial infection
How long does the fluid mobilization or diuretic phase of a burn last?
2 to 5 days
If mastitis occurs 1+ weeks after delivery, when does breast engorgement occur?
2 to 5 days after delivery
At what age are accidental poisonings most common?
2 years old
When does lightening occur in pregnancy?
2-3 weeks before birth for primipara
An L/S ratio greater than _______indicates lung maturity.
2.0
When coumadin is therapeutic, the INR should be between _______ and _______.
2.0 and 3.0
1 kg
2.2 lbs
Effective heparin therapy rises the PTT to approximately _______ times normal.
2.5
1 inch
2.5 cm
What L/S ratio indicated fetal lung maturity?
2/1
An individual is obese if they weigh ________% above the ideal weight.
20
The goal is for the infant to breast feed for __________ minutes per side.
20
What age group usually gets MS?
20 to 40
A CD4 count of under _______ is associated with the onset of opportunistic infections.
200
The preferred gauge of needle for IM injection is...
21 to 22 gauge
How many hours a day should the client wear a Milkwaukee brace?
23
If labor does not begin within ________ hours after PROM, labor will likely be induced.
24
Unless contraindicated the patient should be out of bed no later than ______ hours post-operatively.
24
Usually labor starts within ________hours of rupture membranes.
24
How long can breast milk be refrigerated?
24 hours
How long does it take a cast to dry?
24 hours
In a burn victim, the shock phase lasts for the first ________ to ________ hours after a burn.
24 to 48 hours
Normal length of pregnancy is ______ to ______ days.
240 to 300
The preferred gauge of needle for injection for SQ injection___________.
25 gauge
In hypovolemic shock the output of urine will be less than _______cc per hour.
25 to 30 cc
Endometriosis most commonly occurs in women between ages of ______ and ________.
25 to 40
The 3rd trimester goes from week _____ to week______.
28, 40
The onset of post operative infection is on the ______ or ______ day post-operative day.
2nd or 3rd, never before that (remember elevated temperatures earlier than the 2nd post-operative day is NOT infection)
How many nitro tabs can you take before you call the doctor?
3
Pregnancy is divided into ____ trimesters.
3
You can administer up to ____ cc of a drug per site by IM injection in adults.
3 cc
What test confirms the diagnoses of gestational diabetes?
3 hour glucose tolerance test
What fluid order should the emphysema client have?
3 liters of fluid per day (this is an increase)
How often do clients with renal failure undergo dialysis?
3 times per week
How long does a lady have to wait before driving after a hysterectomy?
3 to 4 weeks
1 tbs
3 tsp
How long does the diuretic phase last?
3-4 days, maximum time 2-3 weels
What is the age range of pre-operational thinking? Hint: Think of PRE-schoolers.
3-6
1 oz
30 cc
How long does it take for shingles to heal?
30 days
How far should the HOB be up after CVA?
30 degrees
Pain medications should be administered _______ before ________ care.
30 minutes, wound care
Pregnancy requires a __________ increase in the cardiac output.
30-50%
Comfort range or relative humidity is...
30-60%
What is the age range for middle adulthood?
35 to 64 years of age
Respiratory Distress Syndrome hardly ever occurs after week ____ of gestation.
37
Into how many stages is labor and delivery divided?
4
1 tsp
4 to 5 cc
Complete recovery from the paralysis of Bell's Palsy should occur in _______ to ______ months.
4 to 6
How long does the average dialysis last?
4 to 6 hours
How long must a woman wait before having intercourse after hysterectomy?
4 to 6 weeks
How long will it take for the person to see results when acne is being treated?
4 to 6 weeks
The symptoms of pyloric stenosis mostly commonly appear at age ______ to _____.
4 to 6 weeks
A rectal suppository is inserted ______ inches in an adult and ________ inches in a child.
4,2
In the diuretic phase: urine output can=________ to ________ liters/24 hours.
4-5 liters per 24 hours
After surgery to remove an ovarian cyst the woman can return to normal activities between _______ to _______ weeks,
4-6 weeks
How soon after removal of an ovarian cyst can a woman resume sexual intercourse?
4-6 weeks
A person should have a yearly work up exam for cancer detection over the age of __________.
40
What is the normal pulse pressure?
40 (+ or -10)
If J. Doe's blood pressure is 100/60, what is his pulse pressure?
40 (100-minus 60 equals 40)
What age group in Meniere's highest in?
40 to 60
Once you have stopped the bleeding into the joint, how long should the hemarthrosis patient wait before bearing weight or doing range of motion?
48 hours
What is the formula for calculating fluid replacement needs in a burn patient? (Parkland Burn Formula)
4mL x TBSA x body weight (kg) 50% given in first 8 hours 50% given in next 16 hours Ex. a person weighing 75 kg with burns to 20% of his or her body surface area would require 4 x 75 x 20 = 6,000 mL of fluid replacement within 24 hours. The first half of this amount is delivered within 8 hours from the burn incident, and the remaining fluid is delivered in the next 16 hours.
How long does spinal shock last?
5 days to 3 months
Average duration of menstrual flow is _____. The normal range is _____ to ______ days.
5 days, 3 to 6
How many minutes should lapse between the nitro pills you take?
5 minutes - take one nitro tab every 5 minutes 3 times, if no relief, call MD
The preferred length of needle for SQ injection is_________.
5/8 inch
Average blood loss during menstruation is _____cc.
50 to 60 cc
What percentage of North American families are single-parent?
50%
A CD4 count of under __________ is associated with the onset of AIDS-related symptoms.
500
When the Absolute Neutrophil Count ANC is below________ the person on chemotherapy will be placed on reverse isolation.
500
What is the average blood loss during labor?
500 cc
What is the highest flow rate appropriate for nasal cannulae?
6 L/min
How long can breast milk be frozen?
6 months
The post-operative patient should void by _____hours post-operatively or you must call the MD.
6 to 8
When pouring liquid onto a sterile field you should pour from a height of _____ to _____ inches above sterile field.
6 to 8
When will the client with an MI be allowed to engage in sexual intercourse after an MI?
6 weeks after discharge
1 gr
60 mg
What age group gets osteoarthritis?
60-80 years old
What is the age range for late adulthood?
64 years of age to death
The comfort range of temperature is...
68 to 74 degrees
Sickle-cell anemia symptoms do not appear before the age of ____ months due to the presence of _____ ______.
6; fetal hemoglobin
How long does it take for the umbilical stump to fall off?
7 to 14 days
How long does the oliguric phase last?
7-10 days
What is the age range of concrete operational thinking?
7-11
What solution is commonly used for care of umbilical cord?
70% alcohol to promote drying (trend is toward soap and water)
Sutures in general are removed by the ___ day.
7th
If my blood pressure is 190/110, what is my pulse pressure?
80 mmHg
How much suction should be used for a child?
80 to 100 mm Hg
In the rule of nines, the head and neck receive _______: each arm receives_______.
9%, 9%
The preferred angle of injection to to be used for IM administration is___________.
90 degrees
Death from Respiratory Distress Syndrome most commonly occurs within _____ hours of birth.
96
When sponge-bathing with tepid water the correct temp is _____________.
98.6 F
The typical post-operative inflammatory temperature elevation is in the range of ________.
99.8 to 101 degrees
After clep lip repair, what device will the baby wear?
A Logan bow
What is pyelonephritis?
A bacterial infection of the kidneys
What is melena?
A black, tarry stool indicating a GI bleed
What is polycythemia vera?
A blood disease in which there is an increase in erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets
What is done in a graft for hemodialysis?
A blood vessel is sutured between an artery and a vein.
What type of cast causes cast syndrome?
A body cast
Spore (Define)
A cell produced by a micro-organism which develops into active micro-organisms under proper conditions.
For cervical osteoarthritis the client should wear...
A cervical collar
What is meant by the term "temporary colostomy"?
A colostomy that is not intended to be permanent-- the bowel will be reconnected at a later date and the client will defecate normally
iso-
A combining form meaning 'equal'
What is automatic dysflexia or hyperreflexia?
A common complication of quadriplegics in response to a fulle bladder or bowel.
What does the physician hope to achieve with NRTI's and PI's for HIV?
A delayed onset of AIDS for as long as possible (usually can delay onset for 10-15 years)
What drug is used in pulmonary edema to reduce fluid in the lungs?
A diuretic (Lasix)
What will be used to feed the infant after cleft lip repair?
A dropper/syringe with rubber tip to discourage sucking
Antibiotic (Define)
A drug that destroys or inhibits growth of micro-organisms
What vital sign changes are most ominous after cystoscopy?
A fall in the blood pressure and increase in the pulse-- increasing hemorrhage
Define nuclear family
A family of parents and their offspring
What sign would indicate the presence of thrombophlebitis?
A hard, red swelling in the posterior calf
-centesis
A perforation or puncture
The connecting tube of a hearing aid can be cleansed with__________.
A pipe cleaner
pleural effusion
A pleural effusion is a collection of fluid between the pleural layers of the lung. The fluid prevents chest expansion on the affected side. Respiratory rate increases and use of accessory muscles can be observed (assess for decreased chest expansion on affected side). Breath sounds are decreased because ventilation on the affected side is also decreased.
What is meant by the term "double barrel" colostomy?
A procedure where the colon is cut and both ends are brought out onto the abdomen.
What will the client be wearing after cataract surgery?
A protective patch/shield on the operative eye for 24 hours, then a metal shield (AT NIGHT only) for 3 weeks
What is Buerger's disease (Thromboangiitis obliterans)?
A rare disease of the arteries and veins in the arm & legs where your blood vessels become inflamed, swell and can become blocked with blood clots (thrombi). Claudication in feet and lower extremities is worse at night; causes ischemia and fibrosis of vessels in extremities with increased sensitivity to cold; ulcerations and gangrene on digits.
Antiseptic (Define)
A substance used to destroy or inhibit the growth of pathogens but not necessarily their spores (in general safe to use on persons)
Disinfectant (Define)
A substance used to destroy pathogens but not necessarily their spores (in general not intended for use on persons)
What is done in an AV fistual?
A surgical anastomosis is made between the artery and a vein.
What is a colostomy?
A surgically created opening of the colon out onto the abdomen wall.
What type of rash occurs with shingles?
A vesicular rash over the pathway of a sensory nerve
What are the four fat-soluble vitamins?
A,D,E,K
Fats carry vitamins
A,D,E,K (Remember FADE K!)
What blood type is the universal recipient?
AB
For acute exacerbations of MS _______ per IV is often used.
ACTH (Corticotropin)
What group of people get cast syndrome?
ANYONE in a body cast
What drug should NOT be given to the patient with chemotherapeutic thrombocytopenia?
ASA (aspirin)
What are 3 ways to gain access to the circulation in hemodialysis?
AV shunt AV fistula AV graft
What is the most common NRTI used?
AZT (zidovudine)
Virulence means....
Ability of an organism to produce disease
In vaso-occlusive crisis the vessels become occluded with ______ ______.
Abnormal RBC's
What does AKA mean?
Above the knee amputation
Asepsis (Define)
Absence of organisms causing disease
The activity order in early management of CVA is __________.
Absolute Bed Rest
When the patient with spinal cord injury is in tongs or on a stryker frame or on a circoelectric bed they are on......
Absolute bed rest
What is the classic pattern in formal operational thinking?
Abstract reasoning
What causes the itching seen in renal failure?
Accumulation of wasted in the blood and the associated signs. This occurs in the end stage renal failure.
What is the most common retinoid given to people with acne?
Accutane
What neurotransmitter is problematic in MG?
Acetylcholine
For the client with calcium nephrolithiasis the diet should be _________ash.
Acid
The diet of a patient with MS should be ____--ash.
Acid
What type of diet is used in BPH?
Acid Ash
What urinary pH prevents UTI?
Acidity, low pH
High growth hormone in an adult.
Acromegaly
What is the #1 cause of hypovolemic shock?
Acute blood loss
Hepatitis is an _____, ______ disease of the _______.
Acute, inflammatory, liver
What three drugs are given for shingles?
Acyclovir (anti-infective) Tegretol (anticonvulsant--given to stabilize nerve cell membranes) Steroids (anti-inflammatory)
Under-secretion of adrenal cortex
Addison's disease
If not contraindicated, what action by the nursing before suctioning would most likely reduce hypoxia during suctioning?
Administer a few breaths at 100% oxygen before beginning
12 to 20 years
Adolescent
Identity vs Role confrontation
Adolescent
Peer group important
Adolescent
When does pre-eclampsia usually begin in pregnancy (week)?
After 20 weeks
When will bowel sounds return after a hysterectomy?
After 24 hours but before 72 hours
How often should the nurse clear the tubing during suctioning?
After each pass/entry/removal
When should the breast feeding infant be burped?
After feeding from each breast
What is the most common positive effect of lightening?
After it occurs the woman can breathe much easier
The school-aged hospitalized child is afraid of separation from ___________.
Age group
What is dentifrice?
Agents which promote adherence of dentures to gums, ie, Polygrip
For a woman who doesn't have retracted nipples, is towel drying or air drying better?
Air drying of the nipples is best
Besides a thrombus what else can cause an embolus in the lung?
Air, fat, tumor cells
What is the #1 danger of epiglottitis?
Airway obstruction
Amniotic fluid is (acidic/alkaline)
Alkaline
Clients with cystine nephrolithiasis should have a (n) _________ ash diet.
Alkaline
How many days of the menstrual cycle do you take the progestin only pill?
All 28 days
What is recommended for the prevention of epiglottitis?
All children two months and over should receive an H. influenza B vaccine.
Fruits are allowed or not allowed?
Allowed
Veggies are allowed or not allowed in diet of client with Celiac's disease?
Allowed
Ectopic pregnancy is (usually/almost never) carried to term.
Almost never
What is the #1 integumentary side effect of chemotherapy?
Alopecia
What is the #1 nursing diagnosis with shingles?
Alteration in comfort: pain, #2 Impaired skin integrity
What unusual nursing diagnosis is high priority in pemphigus?
Alteration in fluid and electrolyte balance
A major mental/emotional nursing diagnosis seen in anorexia nervosa is ___________.
Altered body image
Should a female staff member be present when the rape victim is being examined?
Always
Should steroids be given with meals?
Always
When halo traction is being used to immobilize the spinal cord the client is allowed to _______.
Ambulate
If the client complains of abdominal gas after a hysterectomy, the best intervention is.....
Ambulation
What drug is used to increase ventilation in clients with pulmonary edema?
Aminophylline (bronchodilator)
What electrolyte is given to people with Meniere's?
Ammonium chloride
What other test is used to confirm fetal lung maturity?
Amniotic fluid is analyzed for presence of PG
Pemphigus
An acute or chronic disease of adults, characterized by occurence of successive crops of bullae that appear suddenly or apparently normal skin and disappear, leaving pigmented spots. It may be attended by itching and burning and constitutional disturbance. The disease if untreated is usually fatal. A characteristic finding is a positive Nikolsky sign: When pressure is applied tangential to the surface of affected skin, the outer layer of epidermis will detach from the lower layer. (Probably autoimmune)
Children with cleft lip/palate should be fed in what position?
An almost upright position
Host (Define)
An animal or a person upon which or in which micro-organisms live
What is cholesteatoma?
An epidemial cyst in the ear highly associated with otitis media.
Define Meniere's Disease
An increase in endolymph in the inner ear, causing severe vertigo.
Which pressure is most damaging, an increased (systolic/diastolic)?
An increased diastolic
What should the client expect regarding hearing post-stapedectomy?
An initial decrease with the benefits of surgery noticeable in 6 weeks
Sterile (Define)
An item on which all micro-organism have been destroyed
To prevent germs from getting into or out of a wound you should use what type of dressing?
An occlusive dressing
What assessment finding is found under the right rib cage?
An olive sized bulge (the hypertrophied pylorus)
What class of drugs is used to conservatively treat endometriosis?
Androgens
What other disease can be confused with pernicious anemia?
Angina pectoris
Which oils are high in cholesterol?
Animal oils
Name the four most common toxic effects of digitalis.
Anorexia N&V-- very common Yellow vision Arrythmia
An early sign of hepatitis A is ________.
Anorexia or fatigue
Give 6 symptoms of HIV disease.
Anorexia, fatigue, weakness, night sweats, fever, diarrhea
The goal of action while the suicidal patient is still of the phone is to get _______ person _______ the ______.
Another person on the scene (then immediately decreases risk) Remember: people who are alone are always high risk
What class of drugs is used to treat mastitis?
Antibiotics
What class of drugs is used to treat MG?
Anticholinesterases
Clients on what class of drugs should use an elastic razor?
Anticoagulants (heparin/coumadin/lovenox)
What two classes of drugs are given in Meniere's?
Antihistamines and diuretics (Diamox)
What class of drugs is the client with an aneurysm most likely to be on?
Antihypertensives
What causes cast syndrome?
Anxiety and stress leading to sympathoadrenal shut-down of the bowel
What blood pressure is considered to be hypertension?
Anything greater than 140/90 mm Hg
What other disorders resemble rupture of ovarian cysts?
Appendicitis, rupture of a fallopian tube pregnancy
The loss of the ability to perform purposeful, skilled acts, ie brushing teeth, is called __________.
Apraxia
What is opisthotonos?
Arching of back (entire body) from hyperextension of the neck and ankles, due to severe meningeal irritation.
Raynaud's is an arterial or venous disease?
Arterial disease characterized by spasms
How soon after cell damage does troponin increase?
As soon as 3 hours (can remain elevated for 7 days)
How would you, the nurse, assess for developing cast syndrome?
Ask the client if they are experiencing any abdominal symptoms-keep track of bowel movements & passing flatus (if not having BMs or passing flatus, cast syndrome is suspected)
The greatest danger in placing water in the mouth of the unconscious patient during oral hygiene is...
Aspiration
What is the #1 complication of cleft lip/palate?
Aspiration
Name the three most common complications of ECT?
Aspiration of emesis (most common) into the lung Dislocations of joints Fractures due to convulsion-- rare today
What three medications are used in osteoarthritis?
Aspirin, non-steroidal inflammatory (NSAIDs) Indocen, Ibuprofen, steroids
Or Tylenol, Morphine, Demoral, Aspirin which is NEVER given to a sickle-cell patient?
Aspirin-it can cause acidosis which makes the crisis and sickling worse
If a post-operative patient complains of gas and cramping you should first _______ then ________.
Assess then ambulate
The long term treatment of migraine focuses upon...
Assessing things that bring on stress and then planning to avoid them.
In what step of the nursing process does the nurse ask the family about their beliefs on illness?
Assessment phase
How much sleep should the client get the night before an EEG?
At least 4 to 5 hours--unless it is a sleep deprivation EEG
How often should the nurse check the flow rate of the O2?
At least once per shift
How long must the woman with CD of pregnancy be on bed rest after delivery?
At least one week
When a doctor takes three different blood pressure readings at different times, how far apart must the measurements be made?
At least one week
How many measurements must be made before you can say a person has hypertension?
At least three
Where are head lice most commonly found?
At the back of the head and behind the ears
Where is the pyloric sphincter?
At the distal (duodenal) end of the stomach
When are urine pregnancy tests positive?
At the time of the first missed period
How fast do you run the CBI?
At whatever rate it takes to keep the urine flowing and free of clots
What is the most common sign of neurosyphillis?
Ataxia (gait problems)
What heart problem can lead to pulmonary embolus?
Atrial fibrillation (RIGHT atrial fibrillation casues pulmonary embolus; LEFT atrial fibrillation causes cerebral embolus)
The inheritance pattern of sickle-cell anemia is _____ _____.
Autosomal recessive
How long does an ovarian cycle last?
Average of 28 days
Potassium rich foods
Avocados, Bananas, Broccoli, Cantaloupe, Dried fruits Grapefruit, Lima beans, Nuts, Navy beans , Oranges, Peaches, Potatoes, Prunes, Rhubarb, Sanka coffee, Sunflower seeds, Spinach, Tomatoes, Watermelon
When applying restraints remember to...
Avoid bruising skin, cutting off circulation, accidental entangling
What can PREVENT the attacks of Meniere's?
Avoid sudden movements
When unwrapping a sterile pack how should you unfold the top point?
Away from you
What drug is use to treat bladder spasm?
B&O suppositories (Belladonna & Opiates)
What vitamin should patients on Levodopa avoid?
B6 pyridoxine
What are the 3 subjective complaints of clients with scoliosis?
Back pain, dyspnea, fatigue
What is the increase in anterior-posterior diameter of emphysema called?
Barrel chest
What structures in the brain are most affected in Parkinson's?
Basal ganglia
What precaution must be taken with potassium permanganate?
Be careful that no undissolved crystals touch the client; it will burn the skin
What is another name for external radiation therapy?
Beam or X-rays
The nurse should limit the client's efforts to ________ ______ during labor when CD is present.
Bear down
Why is the dorsogluteal site not recommended for IM injection the children less than 3 years of age?
Because the muscle is not well developed yet.
Why isn't Vitamin B-12 absorbed in pernicious anemia?
Because these patients lack intrinsic factor
What is the activity order for clients with CHF?
Bed Rest
What should the client do if they get an attack?
Bed Rest
What activity order will the client with sickle cell CRISIS have?
Bed rest
What is the activity order after labyrinthectomy?
Bed rest
What treatment modality can lead to pulmonary embolus?
Bed rest
What will the activity order be for the post-MI client?
Bed rest with bedside commode
What is the most important intervention in treating AGN?
Bedrest - they can walk if hematuria, edema and hypertension are gone.
What activity order is the client with an aneurysm supposed to have?
Bedrest. do not get these people up
What are some classic and unique signs of pernicious anemia?
Beefy red tongue Numbness and tingling of the hands Sores in the mouth Chest pain
When should a patient put on TED hose?
Before getting out of bed (before the swelling occurs).
ante-
Before in time or place (ie. "antepartal - before giving birth)
When during the day should TED hose be applied?
Before the client gets out of bed
Assuming no mastitis, on which side should the breastfeeding begin?
Begin nursing on the side that the baby finished on the last feeding
In addition to the nares, where else should the nurse assess for skin irritation when nasal cannulae are in use?
Behind and on top of the ears
What disease often follows labyrinthectomy?
Bell's palsy-- facial paralysis, will go away in a few months
What does BKA mean?
Below the knee amputation
The pain of osteoarthritis is usually better or worse with rest? With activity?
Better with rest, worse with activity
The tremors of Parkinson's will get better or worse when they purposefully move or perform a task?
Better, they tremor more when not performing an action
inter-
Between
When is cleft palate repaired?
Between 1 and 5 years of age
When will the cleft lip be repaired?
Between 10 weeks and 6 months
When should a diabetic be delivered?
Between 37 and 39 weeks
What may be added to the IV to correct the acidosis?
Bicarbonate
-desis
Binding, fusing
What are comedones?
Blackheads and white heads
Hypertension is more common in blacks or whites?
Blacks
Sickle cell anemia is most commonly seen in (blacks/whites).
Blacks
Hemophilia is a ___________ disorder.
Bleeding
What does hemarthrosis mean?
Bleeding into the joints
What oral problem will people with polycythemia vera have?
Bleeding mucous membranes
What does occult blood in the feces mean?
Bleeding somewhere in the GI tract
Retrolental fibroplasia can result in _________.
Blindness from retinal damage
-emia
Blood
On what do lice feed?
Blood
In a burn, fluid moves from the___________ to the _______ in the SHOCK phase.
Bloodstream, interstitial space
When pulmonary edema is severe what does the sputum look like?
Bloody and frothy
Amniotic fluid turns nitrazine paper deep _________ (color).
Blue
What is Chadwick's sign?
Blue-tint to the cervix
What is the first sign of MS?
Blurred or double vision
What vision problem do women with pre-eclampsia have?
Blurred vision
The uterus feels _______ after rupture of a fallopian ectopic pregnancy?
Boggy- tender, also
What will be the results of the Rinne test in otosclerosis?
Bone conduction will be better than air conduction
What is the #1 difference between sealed & unsealed radiation?
Both are internal forms of radiotherapy however, in sealed, a solid object is placed in a body cavity; in unsealed a radioactive substance is injected in liquid form into a vein
When you take the blood pressure of the client with hypertension you would measure _____- _______, with the client _____, _______ and _______.
Both arms; lying, sitting and standing
What is global aphasia?
Both receptive and expressive
Which will bring on a MS exacerbation: over-heating or chilling?
Both will; but they tend to do better in cool weather (summer will always be a bad time for MS patients)
Is hemodialysis short term or long term?
Both- but most short term dialysis is achieved by hemodialysis
Which artery is most commonly used to measure blood pressure?
Brachial
The pulse rate of anorexics is tachycardic or bradycardic?
Bradycardic
What four organs does hypertension affect the most?
Brain (stroke) Eyes (blindness) Heart (MI) Kidney (renal failure)
Why is hypoglycemia such a dangerous problem?
Brain cells die without glucose, brain damage
-lysis
Breaking down
What is the best treatment for breast engorgement?
Breast-feeding - it will balance supply and demand
Lack of surfactant causes the neonate to lose lung capacity with each _______.
Breath
You should call the MD after TURP when you see _________ thick ________, _____________ clots, and ____________ urine drainage on the dressing.
Bright thick blood, persistent clots, persistent urine on dressing (don't call MD for transitory clots and urine on dressing.)
High ventilatory pressures result in what chronic lung problem?
Bronch-pulmonary dyplasia
Define contusion.
Bruise (internal)
What is ecchymosis?
Bruising
What type of traction is most commonly used for hip fractures in children?
Bryants
The infant with cleft lip/palate needs more frequent ___________.
Bubbling, burping
Buck's traction
Buck's traction is skin traction used for femoral, acetabular, and hip fractures as well as low back pain. do not adjust weights, weights hang freely
What type of traction is most commonly used for hip fracture in adults?
Bucks
Name 3 types of skin traction
Bucks Bryants Pelvic
The Cushings syndrome patient will have a _________ on their upper back.
Buffalo hump
Sulfamyon cream__________.
Burns
-otomy
Butting
What will the client with otosclerosis complain of besides hearing loss?
Buzzing or ringing, in the ears (tinnitus)
Which is the best method for identifying clients accurately?
By ID name-band
How should drugs that stain teeth be administered?
By a straw
How can AGN be prevented?
By having all sore throats cultured for strep and treating any strep infections
How is pyelonephritis prevented?
By preventing or treating all cystitis (UTI's)
By what day post-op should the client begin to take care of their own stoma?
By the 3rd to 4th day, they should be looking at it and asking questions by day 2.
When the spinal cord injury is between _____ and _____, there is permanent respiratory paralysis.
C1 and C4
When the spinal cord injury is at level of _____ to _____ the patient will be a quadriplegic.
C1 to C8
Which test is the best indicator of the progress of HIV disease?
CD4 count
What is the most dangerous toxicity of Kwell?
CNS toxicity
Of CPK and LDH which rises earliest?
CPK
What other things are appropriate after a reaction?
Call MD, get a blood sample, get urine sample, monitor vitals, send blood to lab
What would you do if the client had an increasing temperature and is supposed to get blood?
Call the MD because blood is often held with an elevated temperature
What would you do if the client complains of flank pain (back pain) after hysterectomy?
Call the MD, probably had a ureter tied off accidentally in surgery
Name the two most common dietary prescriptions used to treat hypertension?
Calorie reduction for weight loss Sodium restriction
Name the 3 most common reasons for a colostomy.
Cancer Diverticulitis Ulcerative Colitis
Increasing dietary fiber lowers the risk of ___________ of the __________.
Cancer, colon
What type of oral/esophageal infections do AIDS patients get?
Candida
Pulmonary embolus is an obstruction of the pulmonary ______ bed by a dislodged _______ or foreign substance.
Capillary, thrombus
Name the 5 criteria that are recorded on an apgar scale
Cardiac status, respiratory effort, muscle tone, neuromuscular irritability, and color
The three most common complications after MI are ____ _____,_____, and _______.
Cardiogenic shock, arrhythmia, CHF
Adriamycin
Cardiotoxicity
Pulmonary edema is a common complication of ______disorders.
Cardiovascular
What is a common complication of a client in a body cast (like a Risser cast)?
Cast syndrome
The first sign of CVA is usually a___________.
Change in LOC
What are the symptoms of disequilibrium syndrome?
Change in LOC N/V Headache Twitching
What are the first two sings of hypovolemic shock?
Change in LOC and tachycardia
What must be done to the equipment before injecting by Z-track method?
Change the needle
What does blood-typing mean?
Check for surface antigen on the red blood cell
What do you do secondfor the client experiencing autonomic dysreflexia?
Check the bladder, check the bowel
The post op thoracic aneurysm is most likely to have which type of tube?
Chest tube, because the chest was opened
The three meats lowest in cholesterol are _________, _________ and __________.
Chicken, pork, mutton
Anticholestinesterases will have (sympathetic/cholinergic) side effects.
Cholinergic (they will mimic the parasympathetic nervous system)
Name the two types of crises that a MG patient can have.
Cholinergic (too much Mestinon) Myasthenic (not enough Mestinon)
What is otitis media?
Chronic infectious/inflammatory disease of the middle ear
What is the most common cause of mastoiditis?
Chronic otitis media
Patients with hepatitis have an aversion to _________.
Cigarettes
Dangers associated with drafts are...
Circulation of micro-organisms on air currents
A decrease in urobilin in stool results in stool that is______ ________.
Clay-colored
Another name for medical asepsis is...
Clean technique
Two purposes of bed bath are...
Cleanses the skin Provides comfort
What outcomes would indicate that suctioning was effective?
Clear even lung sounds, normal vital signs
What is the normal color of cerebrospinal fluid?
Clear, colorless
What three most common visual defects occur with cataract?
Cloudiness Diplopia (double vision) Photophobia (sensitivity to light)
Give some signs of infection in a Foley catheter
Cloudy urine, foul smelling urine, hematuria
What does the eye look like when a client has cataracts?
Cloudy, milky-white pupil
What will you observe on the hands of the client with emphysema?
Clubbing of the fingernail beds
What two drugs are commonly give post-stapedectomy?
Codeine/Demerol for pain, Dramamine for dizziness
What type of rigidity is typical of Parkinson's?
Cogwheel
The digits in Raynaud's are hot or cold?
Cold
What kinds of fluids will clients with pemphigus drink best?
Cold fluids
What should the client with Raynaud's avoid?
Cold weather. (They should wear gloves & stop smoking)
What will the extremities of the client with a MI feel like?
Cold, clammy
Surfactant prevents the _________ of the alveoli.
Collapse
What technique is used to remove feces and flatus from the bowel through a colostomy?
Colostomy irrigation
Colostomy irrigation
Colostomy irrigation is a way to regulate bowel movements by emptying the colon at a scheduled time. It distends the bowel to stimulate peristalsis and promote evacuation. Patients who had a permanent colostomy made in the descending or sigmoid portion of the colon and had regular bowel function before having the colostomy are good candidates for irrigation. It's most effective when performed about an hour after a meal, when the colon is most likely to be full. obtain colostomy irrigation set (cone tip) expel air from tubing position client near toilet instil 500-1,000 mL luke warm water hold irrigation bag 18 - 24 inches above the stoma (shoulder height) lubricate cone and insert into stoma 5 - 10 min in 35 -45 min out stop irrigation if severe cramping
-cele
Combining form meaning a tumor or swelling or a cavity
Give three reasons for giving a back rub.
Comfort Stimulate circulation and muscles Relaxation
Repetitive actions designed to reduce anxiety are called_____.
Compulsions -- such as washing hands over and over, dusting furniture 3 hours per day, refusing to turn your back to anyone
-atresia
Condition of occlusion
Hearing aids are more useful in sensory or conductive hearing loss?
Conductive
What type of hearing loss is associated with otosclerosis?
Conductive
What are the signs of O2 toxicity?
Confusion, headache
Eye drops should be placed directly into the _______ _______.
Conjunctival sac
Over secretion of mineralcorticoids only (give another name)
Conn's disease
Before evident from the woman's body can be gathered for rape, _____ _____ must be completed.
Consent forms
What must you do if you reach across a sterile field?
Consider the area contaminated and not use the articles in the area
Baclofen causes (constipation/diarrhea)
Constipation
Patients with Parkinson's tend to have constipation or diarrhea?
Constipation
What do miotics do for the eye?
Constrict the pupil
Miotic
Constricts pupil; Timoptic Pilocarpine are examples
On what type of isolation will the patient with meningitis be?
Contact and respiratory precautions
If a woman is admitted with active bleeding with Placenta Previa you should monitor fetal heart tones _________.
Continuously via fetal monitor
MS usually occurs in (hot/cool) climates .
Cool
What is the typical skin care of pemphigus?
Cool wet dressing
The client's skin will be _____, ______, and ________.
Cool, pale, clammy (due to arterial constriction to shunt blood from skin to vital organs)
What test identifies Rh factor?
Coombs test detects antibodies to Rh
What is the most common complication of malpositioned lenses in the comatose or confused patient?
Corneal ulceration
What movements are to be avoided after cataract surgery?
Coughing Sneezing Bending at the waist Straining at stool Rubbing or touching eyes Rapid head movements
How long does one episode/course of PD last?
Could be 10 hours
A drug for long term anticoagulation in any disorder would be?
Coumadin
Heparin is used in the acute phase of pulmonary embolus. What drug is used for 6 months after pulmonary embolus?
Coumadin
What will the nurse auscultate over the lungs when pulmonary edema occurs?
Crackles (rales)
A pediatric patient has been diagnosed with right lower lobe pneumonia. Upon auscultation of this lung field, the healthcare provider should expect to hear which breath sounds?
Crackles would most likely be heard because they indicate fluid in the airspace. Fluid in the airspace is consistent with pneumonia.
What will you hear when you auscultate the lungs of the client with CD of pregnancy?
Crackles-rales
Name foods that make urine acidic.
Cranberry juice, apple juice (avoid citrus juices- they make alkaline urine)
Name 3 types of skeletal traction
Cranial tongs Thomas splints with Peason attachments 90 degrees to 90 degrees
Which soups are not allowed on a gluten free diet?
Creamed soups- these often have flour
What shape does Hgb S make the RBC's?
Crescent-shaped
Hypothyroid in a child
Cretinism
A high score of 2 is given for respiratory effort if the newborn_____________.
Cries vigorously
-tripsy
Crushing of something by a surgical instrument
What words will the client use to describe the pain of an MI?
Crushing, heavy, squeezing, radiating to left arm, neck , jaw, shoulder
What is sordes?
Crusts on the tongue and gums due to improper oral hygiene
To score the maximum of 2 points on nueromuscular reflex irritability the infant must ______________.
Cry
What is the name of frozen factor VIII given to hemophiliacs?
Cryoprecipitate
Oversecretion of ACTH
Cushing's disease
Over secretion of adrenal cortex
Cushing's syndrome
Define laceration.
Cut
-cis
Cut, kill
The client with emphysema is (ruddy/pale/cyanotic).
Cyanotic
Name two anticholinergics used in the eye.
Cyclogel, atropine
What causes or precedes pyelonephritis?
Cystitis always does
How does pyelonephritis differ from cystitis in meaning?
Cystitis means bladder infection; pyelonephritis means an infection of kidney pelvis
What IV solution is used during labor for the diabetic?
D5W
How often should anti-embolism hose (TED) be removed?
Daily
How do you assess fluid excess in the child with AGN?
Daily weight
What daily measurement best indicates the amount of fluid the client is retaining?
Daily weight
The #1 danger when using the dorsogluteal site for IM injection is___________.
Damage to the sciatic nerve
Which androgen drug is most commonly used to treat endometriosis?
Danazol
The room of a patient with meningitis should be _______ and ______.
Dark and quiet
What type of environmental modification is best for a migraine?
Dark and quiet environment
Give three eye interventions for the client with Bell's Palsy.
Dark glasses, artificial tears, cover eye at night
Leaving a would open to air decease infection by eliminating what 3 environmental conditions?
Dark, warm, moist
What test CONFIRMS the presence of syphilis?
Dark-field illumination of the treponema palladium
What is the #1 cause of maternal death in CD of pregnancy?
Decompensation
Shock will ___________ blood pressure.
Decrease
The urine output of the eclamptic client will (decrease/increase).
Decrease
Vasodilation will ____________ blood pressure.
Decrease
What do you do for dehiscence?
Decrease HOB (but not flat); cover with sterile gauze moistened with sterile saline, call MD
What do you do, in order, for evisceration?
Decrease HOB (but not flat); cover with sterile gauze moistened with sterile saline, call MD
What are the three major treatment objectives in eclampsia?
Decrease blood pressure Control convulsions Diuresis
Acid Ash diet
Decrease pH (makes urine acid) Chz, eggs, Meat, fish, oysters, poultry, Bread, Cereal, Whole Grains, Pastries, Cranberries, Prunes, Plums, Tomatoes, Peas, Corn, Legumes.
What do carbonic anhydrase inhibitors do to the eye?
Decrease production of aqueous humor and thus decrease intraocular pressure.
The neurotransmitter imbalance that causes Parkinson's is a ______ in ______ ______.
Decrease, dopamine activity
In hypovolemic shock there is a ________ in the circulating __________ volume -- this _______ tissue perfusion with ________.
Decrease; blood; decreases; oxygen
Cushings clients will have (increased/decreased) resistance to infection.
Decreased
In hypovolemic shock the level of consciousness (LOC) is (increased/decreased).
Decreased
What lab findings are present in AIDS?
Decreased RBC's, WBC's and platelets
What are the top 2 nursing diagnoses for a client with CF?
Decreased airway clearance Alteration in nutrition or absorption
If too much fluid is removed during PD, the client will experience...
Decreased blood pressure (hypotension)
What causes angina pectoris?
Decreased blood supply to myocardium, resulting in ischemia and pain
What will you auscultate over the lungs of the neonate with Respiratory Distress Syndrome?
Decreased lung sounds with crackles
What is the most common dietary modification for the woman with CD who shows signs of decompensation?
Decreased sodium, decreased water (restriction)
After menopause, endometriosis (decreases/increases).
Decreases
What two non-dietary lifestyle changes are used commonly to treat hypertension?
Decreases stress Increase activity
Surfactant _____ surface tension inside ________.
Decreases, alveoli
In emphysema, the appetite________ the weight ______ and the anterior-post diameter of the chest________.
Decreases, decreases, increases
Osteoarthritis is a ________ disease of the ______.
Degenerative, joint
These infants are prone to develop ______ and failure to ______.
Dehydration, thrive
If there are any signs of infection after PROM, what must occur immediately?
Delivery of fetus
The 2nd stage of labor and delivery accomplishes....
Delivery of the infant
MS is a progressive _____ disease of the CNS.
Demyelinating
Which side will the client be allowed to lie upon post-stapedectomy?
Depends on M: operative side promotes drainage, un-operative side prevents graft dislodgement. Don't make a big deal of position post-op
What conditions does ECT treat?
Depression primarily
A CVA is a __________ of the brain cells due to decreased _____ _____ and ______.
Destruction; blood flow and oxygen
Which types of client should have their toenails trimmed only by an MD?
Diabetics, peripheral vascular disease, very thick nails
The solution introduced into the peritoneum during PD is called...
Dialysate
Name one carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Diamox
Dantrium causes (constipation/diarrhea)
Diarrhea (hint: D's go together, Dantrium and Diarrhea)
What are the two main treatment methods in gestational diabetes?
Diet, insulin
The man with BPH has hesitancey. What does this mean?
Difficulty starting to void
What is the best way to screen men for BPH?
Digital rectal exam
Since pulmonary edema is caused by left ventricular failure what drug is given?
Digitalis
When working with a rape victim they should be treated with ________ and _________.
Dignity & respect
What do anticholinergics do for the eye?
Dilate the pupil Cycloplegia Paralyzes accommodation
What do mydriatics do for the eye?
Dilate the pupil (My "D"riatic "D" for dilate)
Anticholinergic
Dilates pupils Causes photophobia Used preoperatively for cataract removal Don't use in glaucoma Atropine is an example
Define Cystoscopy?
Direct visualization of the urethra and bladder through a cystoscope.
-pathy
Disease, suffering
What syndrome results when too much fluid is exchanged during hemodialysis too quickly?
Disequilibrium syndrome
Name the two phases of Rape Trauma Syndrome.
Disorganization phase, re-organziation phase
Which defense mechanism is most closely associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder?
Displacement
What are the three principles to protect yourself from radiation hazard?
Distance Shielding Time
What will you see when you observe the neck of a client with CD of pregnancy?
Distended neck veins -JVD
What will the abdomen of clients with celiac's disease look like?
Distended with flatus
Name the most common side effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?
Diuresis
What class of drugs is used to first treat hypertension?
Diuretics
What are the three most common drugs given to women with CD in pregnancy?
Diuretics Heparin Digitalis
Name the three groups of drugs used to treat CHF?
Diuretics Vasodilators Digitalis
What is a common side effect of mastoidectomy?
Dizziness (vertigo)
If ear medications are not given at room temperature the client may experience...
Dizziness, nausea
If the adult client's apical pulse is below 60, what should you do?
Do not give digitalis For a child don't give for a pulse under 70 For an infant don't give for a pulse under 90
Tetracycline
Do not give with milk products, do not give to pregnant women or children before age 8 or damage to tooth enamel occurs
What positions are okay after cataract surgery?
Do not lie on operative side; do not lie on back
What advice is best for women with endometriosis who want to have children?
Do not postpone pregnancy, may not be able to have children
Aphasia is most common if the stroke occurred in the (dominant/non-dominant) hemisphere of the brain.
Dominant
To straighten the ear canal in the young CHILD under 3 the pinna should be pulled _______ and ________.
Down and back
What is phlebotomy?
Drain off 200-500 cc of blood from body (opposite of transfusion).
What is the #1 treatment for autonomic dysreflexia?
Drain the bladder, empty the bowel
What are 4 signs and symptoms of mastoiditis?
Drainage from ear, high fever, headache and ear pain, tenderness over mastoid process
What is the problem with giving high flow rates of O2 by nasal cannulae?
Dries the mucous membranes.
Young infants accept medication best when given with a _______.
Dropper
How should the temperature of the water be tested if no thermometer is available?
Dropping water on inside surface of your forearm.
Immediately after ECT, how will the client normally act?
Drowsy Dull Apathetic
A third-degree burn is wet or dry?
Dry
Airborne microorganisms travel on ________ or ______particles.
Dust or water
What is the MOST common side effect of endometriosis?
Dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation)
What is the first sign of pulmonary embolus?
Dyspnea
When fluid accumulates in the abdomen during PD what problem does the client experience first?
Dyspnea - SOB or difficulty breathing, due to the inability of the diaphragm to descend
What are the four classic signs of pulmonary edema?
Dyspnea on exertion, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, orthopnea, coughing
Which organism causes pyelonephritis?
E. Coli
What is the most common organism to cause UTI with catheterization?
E. coli
What is the first test for HIV antibodies?
ELISA
Why is final repair of the palate delayed until 4 to 5 years?
Earlier surgery would interfere with tooth development.
What is the best way to prevent pulmonary embolus in post-operative patients?
Early ambulation
"If I had to do it over again, I'd life my life just about the same," is an example of ____ ____________
Ego Integrity
What is the developmental task for later adulthood?
Ego Integrity vs. Despair
What is an MI?
Either a clot, spasm or plaque that blocks the coronary arteries causing loss of blood supply to the heart and myocardial cell death
With what device will the infant be restrained?
Elbow restraints
Bed side rails should be up for the following individuals...
Elderly clients, unconscious, babies, young children, restless, confused
Clients on heparin should use an electric razor or safety razor?
Electric razor
What are the two most common complications of hyperemesis gravidarum?
Electrolyte imbalance (dehydration) Starvation
Besides the Tensilon Test, what other diagnostic tests confirm a diagnosis of MG?
Electromylogram (EMG)
If your client suddenly goes into pulmonary edema what would you do first?
Elevate the HOB, then increase O2, then call the MD
Before applying elastic hose the nurse should...
Elevate the clients legs for 3 to 5 minutes to decrease venous stasis
To treat hemarthrosis you should _______ the extremity above the __________.
Elevate, heart
What cardiac enzymes indicate an MI?
Elevated CPK, LDH, SGOT
Name the three types of CVA
Embolus Thrombus Hemorrhage
If the client complains of abdominal pain during PD you would first...
Encourage them to move about
Hepatitis A
Enteric precautions Fecal/oral route of transmission Incubates 3 to 5 weeks Vaccine available (Can give immune globulin after exposure) HAsAg (this is what the blood test show) Hepatitis A surface Antigen
Will the man with BPH have enuresis, nocturia or hematuria?
Enuresis (involuntary urination) -No Nocturia (Frequent urination at night) -Yes Hematuria (blood in urine) -Maybe
What drug can you apply topically to stop bleeding?
Epinephrine, or topical fibrin foam
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Erikson's stage in which individuals form deeply personal relationships, marry, begin families
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Erikson's stage of social development in which middle-aged people begin to devote themselves more to fulfilling one's potential and doing public service
How often should the patient use the incentive spirometer?
Every 1-2 hours
How often are vital signs measured in hypovolemic shock?
Every 15 minutes
Vital signs are measured _______ in the recovery room.
Every 15 minutes
How often do you measure vital signs during PD?
Every 15 minutes during the first cycle and every hour thereafter
How often should mouth care be performed for those clients on oxygen?
Every 2 hours
How often should the CVA patient be turned or repositioned?
Every 2 hours
How often should the bedridden post-operative patient do leg exercises?
Every 2 hours
How often should the client cough and deep breath post-operatively?
Every 2 hours
How often should the neurovascular status of the extremities of a client in a Risser cast be measured? Fresh post-operatively?
Every 2 hours
How often should the post-operative patient turn?
Every 2 hours
How often must you assess the lung sounds during the first stage of labor? During active labor? During transition labor?
Every 30 to 10 minutes
How often should the nurse auscultate the lung sounds post-operatively?
Every 4 hours
For the patient with neurogenic bladder you should straight catheterize every ____ hours.
Every 6 hours
How often should the nares of a client with O2 by nasal cannulae be assessed for skin breakdown?
Every 6-8 hours
What glands are affected in CF?
Exocrine glands
The first thing a nurse should do when a client objects to side rails is...
Explain why they are being used.
Name the surgery performed for an ectopic pregnancy.
Exploratory laparotomy
What 3 things precipitate a Raynaud's attack?
Exposure to cold, emotional stress, tobacco use
For which type aphasia is careful listening and needs anticipation most useful?
Expressive
When the CVA client understands your question but can't respond verbally correctly, he is said to have ___________ aphasia.
Expressive
The 3rd stage of labor and delivery accomplishes...
Expulsion of the placenta
The school-aged child perceives the cause of illness to to be external or internal?
External, she knows that illness is not a result of bad behavior.
If the child's _______ are ______ and the trunk -face abdomen are ________, the child scores 1 on color
Extremities are blue (cyanotic), Pink
What is another name for Vitamin B-12?
Extrinsic factor
Liquid doses of medications should be prepared at _______level.
Eye
With which body part do you begin when bathing an infant?
Eyes always
What hormones are active during follicular phase?
FSH and Estrogen
What unusual post-operative complication can result from mastoidectomy?
Facial nerve paralysis due to accidental damage during surgery (law suit time!)
What is meant by decompensation?
Failure of the heart to maintain adequate circulation.
The mother's insulin requirements will (fall/rise) markedly after delivery.
Fall
In the diuretic phase, K+ levels fall or rise?
Fall- remember diuresis always causes hypokalemia
The most common site for ectopic pregnancy is in the _________ __________.
Fallopian tube - 90%
A first degree burn has vesicles (T/F)?
False
Antibiotics are used to treat breast engorgment? (T/F)
False
Chronic abuse of alcohol increases risk of CVA. (T/F)
False
Clients receiving chemotherapy must be NPO. (T/F)
False
Dietary indiscretions and uncleanliness are causes of acne?
False
Everyone with angina needs bypass surgery? t/f
False
Family history of liver disease increases the risk of heart disease. (T/F)
False
Grains of all kinds are prohibited. (T/F)
False
It is safe practice to administer drugs prepared by another nurse. (T/F)
False
MS affects men more than women. (T/F)
False
PROM always occurs in a gush of fluid. (T/F)
False
Pillows are sterilized between uses. (T/F)
False
The cause of cancer is known. (T/F)
False
Uncleanliness is a cause of acne?
False
When using restraints with clients who object, don't forget about _____- _____.
False imprisonment
It is safe practice to recap needles after injection. (T/F)
False, Never re-cap
A disadvantage of PCA pumps is that the client does not ambulate as early due to the machine. (T/F)
False, PCA clients ambulate earlier and they pull their machine with them.
MG affects men more than women. (T/F)
False, affects women more than men
When you plan to use gloves for a procedure you do not need to wash hands before it. (T/F)
False, always wash even if you plan to use gloves
The best way to prevent thrombophlebitis is TED hose. (T/F)
False, ambulation/exercise are the best ways.
Immediately after rape, a woman who is calm & composed is adjusting well. (T/F)
False, calmness & a composed attitude are SIGNS of Rape Trauma syndrome, (calm person is just as disorganized as the crying and upset lady)
Strict sterile technique is required when administering a drug per rectum. (T/F)
False, clean or medical asepsis
The best way to decrease nosocomial infection is sterile technique. (T/F)
False, hand washing is the best way.
It is not necessary to use electronic fetal monitoring when there is active bleeding in Placenta Previa. (T/F)
False, infant must always be monitored
Eye medications can be given directly over the cornea. (T/F)
False, into the conjunctival sac, never the cornea; hold the dropper 1/2 inch above the sac
Pneumonia is only caused by bacteria. (T/F)
False, it can be caused by viruses and aspiration.
You may use friction to remove vernix caseosa from an infant's skin. (T/F)
False, it causes damage/bruising
O2 is an explosive (T/F)
False, it does not explode-- it supports combustion
Aging decreases the risk of hypertension. (T/F)
False, it increases the risk
Rape is a crime of passion. (T/F)
False, it is a violent act
A major disadvantage of PCA pump is that the client can take too much medication. (T/F)
False, it is not possible for the client to overdose due to the lock-out feature
The severe muscle weakness of MG gets better with exercise. (T/F)
False, it is worse with activity
The eye should be irrigated so that the solution flows from outer to inner canthus. (T/F)
False, it must flow from inner canthus to outer (alphabetical: I to O)
Respiratory Distress Syndrome occurs in full-term infants. (T/F)
False, it occurs in premature infants
Osteoarthritis is more common in females. (T/F)
False, it occurs with equal frequency
The convulsion (seizure) that the electrical current produced is violent. (T/F)
False, it used to be, but it isn't any more with the use of muscle relaxants
If insulin is used, the dose is the same in all 3 trimesters. (T/F)
False, it varies
During exam the vaginal speculum is lubricated before it is placed in the vagina? (T/F)
False, lubrication could alter the evidence
When putting on the second of a set of sterile gloves, you should grasp the cuff. (T/F)
False, reach under the cuff with the tip of the gloved fingers.
The rape victim requires only a pelvic exam & a head to toe exam is not done, so the client is not stressed. (T/F)
False, the exam is a very long, invasive head-to-toe exam
The mother with mastitis should stop breast feeding. (T/F)
False, the mother must keep breast feeding. (Offer unaffected breast first)
The CVA patient should be turned onto his paralyzed side no longer than 2 hours. (T/F)
False, the patient should not be on their paralyzed side for more than 20 minutes.
The primary reason why an infant is draped during the bath is to provide privacy. (T/F)
False, the primary purpose of draping is to prevent chilling.
When discontinuing a PCA infusion it is acceptable to discard the drug cartridge. (T/F)
False, the whole cartridge system must be returned to the pharmacy due to federal narcotic control laws.
Urine and blood pregnancy tests are enough evidence to be certain of pregnancy. (T/F)
False, these tests only suggest pregnancy
Hearing aids make sounds more distinct and clear. (T/F)
False, they only amplify--make it louder, they do not clarify
Clients on PCA pumps use more medication than those receiving IM injections. (T/F)
False, they use less
Oral contraceptives decrease the risk of heart disease. (T/F)
False, use increases the risk
Cysts on the ovaries are usually malignant. (T/F)
False, usually benign
Most rapes occur involving two people of different races. (T/F)
False, usually the same race
When PD is being used the client must be on heparin. (T/F)
False, you do not need to be heparinized for peritoneal, but you do need to be heparinized for hemodialysis
To prevent urinary incontinence; the CVA patient should be catheterized. (T/F)
False- remember incontinence will never be allowed as a reason for catheterization
Vitamins and minerals provide energy for the body. (T/F)
False- they are necessary for a body's chemical reactions.
ROM exercises should occur every 2 hours in CVA patients. (T/F)
False-- every 4 hours or 3 times a day is enough
Strict aseptic techniques is required when administering a vaginal medication. (T/F)
False-- only "clean" technique or medical asepsis is necessary
The client should remain supine for 5 minutes after having received a rectal suppository. (T/F)
False-- they should be lying on their side for 5 minutes, not supine
Post-menopausal females have a lower risk of heart disease than males aged 25-40. (T/F)
False. They have a higher risk.
Myelin promotes _____, _____ _____ of nerve impulses.
Fast, smooth conduction
Is heart rate fast or slow in pulmonary edema?
Fast, tachycardia
What is the appearance of the stool in a client with CF? *remember the 4 Fs*
Fat Frothy Foul-smelling Floating Steatorrhea
What vitamins need to be replaced in CF?
Fat soluble in water soluble form -- A,D,E,K
Clients with celiac's disease don't absorb fats; therefore they don't absorb _____ ______ ______.
Fat soluble vitamins
The symptoms of sensory overload and sensory deprivation are...
Fear, panic, depression, inability to concentrate, restlessness, agitation
Why is cleft lip repaired early?
Feeding is easier after repair and appearance after repair is more acceptable to parents.
90% of single-parent families are headed by a ___________.
Female
What is gynecomastia?
Female-type breasts
Name the five signs/symptoms that pyelonephritis has that cystitis does not have?
Fever, flank pain, chills, increased WBC, malaise
To measure an adult client's apical heart rate, where does the nurse place the stethoscope?
Fifth Intercostal Midclavicular Line
In what type of chair should Parkinson's patients sit?
Firm, hard-backed
Which trimester is nausea and vomiting most common?
First
Which trimester is the fetus most susceptible to effects of outside agents?
First
Describe the typical child with pyloric stenosis.
Firstborn, full term, white, boys
-pexy
Fixation of something
To get a score of 1 on the APGAR for muscle tone the newborn must place their extremities in _______________.
Flexion
What is the #1 contracture problem after BKA?
Flexion of the knee
Early stage hepatitis often looks like the _______.
Flu
DTIC- dome
Flu-like symptoms Chemo-therapeutic Agent Toxicities
Pulmonary edema is accumulation of _______in the lung.
Fluid
What is the #1 therapy in the shock phase of a burn victim?
Fluid replacement/resuscitation
Which two nutrients is breast milk lower in?
Fluoride and iron
Name the two phases of ovarian cycle.
Follicular phase (first 14 days) Luteal phase (second 14 days)
How long must the client receive this medical treatment?
For the rest of life
What is the typical of the lesions of pemphigus?
Foul-smelling, blisters break easily, seen in the elderly, cause unknown
CD ranks ________ among the leading cause of maternal death.
Fourth
Name the symptoms that pyelonephritis and cystitis have in common?
Frequency, urgency, burning, cloudy, foul smelling urine
What dietary prescription is most appropriate for the client with emphysema?
Frequent small meals to prevent tiring
How is the flow of eye irrigational fluid directed?
From inner canthus to outer canthus
The 2nd stage of labor and delivery begins with ______ and ends with _______ of the ________.
Full dilation, delivery, infant
What is accomplished during the first stage of labor and delivery?
Full effacement and dilation
In general, cancer drugs have side effects in which three body systems?
GI Hematologic (blood) Integumentary
Name the 3 physical symptoms of Rape Trauma Syndrome.
GI irritability, itching or burning on urination, skeletal muscle tension* don't forget PAIN
What reflex is commonly routinely tested in the recovery room?
Gag reflex
Side effects of a high fiber diet include__________ and malabsorption of ____________.
Gas (flatus), minerals
What is the developmental task for middle adulthood?
Generativity vs. stagnation.
What name is is given to diabetes that is brought on by pregnancy?
Gestational diabetes
What should you do if an obsessive-compulsive patient is always late due to their rituals?
Get them started earlier-- for example if they wash their hands for 1/2 hours before meals and are always late for breakfast, just get them started 1/2 hour earlier.
If an aneurysm ruptures what is the #1 priority?
Get them to the operating room ASAP
What warning should you give the client about getting up after stapedectomy?
Get up slowly
What is the biggest challenge in nursing care of the client with hyperemesis gravidarum?
Getting them to eat
High growth hormone in a child (give another name)
Gigantism
Penicillin
Give on empty stomach
Rifampin
Give on empty stomach (anti-tuberculosis) remember Rifampin causes red urine
Erythromycin
Give on empty stomach (antibiotics)
Carafate and sulcrafate
Give on empty stomach 1 hour before meals and at bedtime -- remember these coat the GI tract and interfere with the absorption of other medications (give them by themselves)
Antacids
Give on empty stomach I hour ac and hs
Iron (without nausea)
Give on empty stomach with orange juice to increase absorption
Capoten
Give on empty stomach, one hour before meals (antihypertensive)
Ipecac
Give with 200-300 cc water-- not related to mealtime -- this is an emetic (to make you vomit after ingestion of poisons -- don't give if the poisons were caustic, or petroleum based)
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Give with food (for arthrosis)
Iron with nausea
Give with meals
Aldactone
Give with meals (K--sparing diuretic)
Colchicine
Give with meals -- anti gout, remember if diarrhea develops, stop the drug
Allopurinol
Give with meals and give with lots of water--anti uric acid--- used to treat gout and the purine build up seen in chemotherapy for cancer
Theophylline derivative
Give with meals, ie, Aminophylline, Theodur (anti-asthmatic bronchodilator)
Tagamet
Give with meals, remember Zantac does not have to be given with meals
Griseofulvin
Give with meals-- especially high fat meals (anti-fungal)
Steroids
Give with meals-- remember taper the patient off these drugs slowly
Pancreas pancreatin isozyme
Give with meals-these are oral enzymes used with children with cystic fibrosis to increase the absorption of the food they eat
Para-amino salicylate sodium (PAS)
Give with meals/food-- anti tuberculosis
Apresoline
Given with meals (antihypertensive)
The client with celiacs cannot tolerate___________.
Gluten
What is the #1 treatment of celiac's disease?
Gluten-free diet
Which has highest fiber? Grains, fruits, veggies, nuts.
Grains, especially bran
What is another name of second intention?
Granulation
Hyperthyroid (High metabolism)
Graves Disease
What force is used to introduce the dialysate into the peritoneum?
Gravity only, no pumps
What are 2 common psychological reactions to hysterectomy?
Grief, depression
If the neonate ____________, they will score a 1 on neuromuscular irritability.
Grimaces
What organism causes acute glomerular nephritis?
Group A beta hemolytic strep
Culture means....
Growing colony of organisms, usually for the purpose of identifying them
What is endometriosis?
Growth of endometrial tissue outside of uterus
The person with emphysema have ________, _______lips and (slow/rapid) breathing.
Grunting, pursed, rapid
The use of _____, _______, and ______ to kill self, make high risk suicide.
Guns, ropes, knives
Men with Cushings develop______________.
Gynecomastia
With what solution should the client with chemotherapeutic stomatitis rinse pc (after meals)?
H2O2 - hydrogen peroxide
Pregnancy tests test for the presence of what hormone?
HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin hormone)
If an ovum is fertilized during the luteal phase what hormone will be secreted?
HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)
What virus causes AIDS?
HIV - Human immunodeficiency virus
What is alopecia?
Hair loss
What is hirsuitism?
Hair where you don't want it
What drugs can cause a Parkinson-like syndrome?
Haldol, major tranquilizers -- drugs that end in -azine
If the MD orders 2,800 cc of fluid in the first 24 hours after a burn, one-_____ of it must be infused in the first 8 hours.
Half (or 1,400 cc)
A third degre burn is hard or soft?
Hard
When mastitis is present the breasts are ________, _________, and __________.
Hard, swollen, warm
-sclerosis
Hardening of a tissue by: inflammation, deposition of mineral salt; an infiltration of connective tissue fibers
What kind of rod is used to "fix" curvature?
Harrington Rod
What should you do to assess for facial nerve paralysis post-mastoidectomy?
Have the patient smile and wrinkle forehead.
If the dialysate does not drain out well, you would first...
Have them turn side to side
What does bacteriocidal mean?
Having the capability to kill bacteria.
What does bacteriostatic mean?
Having the capability to stop growth of the bacteria
What are three signs of polycythemia vera?
Headache Weakness Itching
When surgery is performed for Meniere's, what are the consequences?
Hearing is totally lost in the surgical ear
What are the 2 common subjective signs of otitis media?
Hearing loss Feeling of fullness in the ear
Give another name for an MI.
Heart attack
To control the pain of osteoarthritis one should use heat or cold?
Heat
What do you observe on the fingers of the client osteoarthritis?
Heberden's nodes
Name 4 exercises used to treat mild scoliosis.
Heel lifts; sit-ups; hyperextension of the spine; breathing exercises
What are the urinaysis findings on AGN?
Hematuria Proteinuria +3 to +4 Specific gravity Up
Which type of paralysis is typical of CVA- paraplegia, hemiplegia or quadriplegia?
Hemiplegia
What are the types of transfusion reactions that can occur?
Hemolytic, febrile, allergic, bacterial
What organism causes epiglottitis?
Hemophilus influenza B
Cytoxan cyclophosphamide
Hemorrhagic cystitis
Name the anitcoagulant given for immediate anticoagulation by IV or SQ route.
Heparin
Which disease has more severe symptoms-- Hepatitis A or B?
Hepatitis B
What are the 3 causative factors in acne vulgaris?
Heredity, Bacterial, Hormonal
People who are (hetero/homo) have sickle cell trait.
Heterozygous
The abnormal hemoglobin produced by people with sickle cell anemia is called Hgb ______.
Hgb S-it "sickles"
Adolescents are (low/high) risk for suicide.
High
Being alkaline means have a (high/low) pH
High
Egg yolk is (high/low) in cholesterol?
High
Fruits are (high/low) in fiber.
High
People over 50 year are (low/high) risk for suicide.
High
Veggies are (high/low) in fiber.
High
Whole grains and grain products are (high/low) in fiber.
High
With PD there is a high/low risk of peritonitis?
High
What is the typical diet for CF client?
High calorie High protein Modified fat
In what position should the child with Pyloric Stenosis be during feeding?
High fowlers
Young adults are (low/high) risk for suicide.
High to moderate
In the oliguric phase, blood volume is ______, sodium is _____, and potassium is ________.
High, high, high
Masks deliver higher or lower concentrations of O2 than nasal cannulae?
Higher
Of: married, divorced, and separated, which marital status is highest risk for suicide? Lowest risk of suicide?
Highest-separated then divorced Lowest-married
Is there a higher or lower incidence of fetal death with Abruptio Placenta compared to Placenta Previa?
Highter
Women with Cushings develop?
Hirsutism Amenorrhea
Name the 5 risk groups for AIDS
Homosexual/bisexual men, IV drug users, hemophiliacs, heterosexual partners of infected people, newborn children of infected women
People who are (hetero/homo)zygous have sickle cell disease.
Homozygous
If PROM occurs after viability but before 36 weeks, what is the typical management?
Hospitalize, watch for infection, try to gain time for the infant to mature
If there is inflammation under a cast, it will be evident in a _______ spot.
Hot
When shaving a client, water used should be more (hot/cold) than bath water?
Hot
Plastic pillow cases are ______. (disadvantages)
Hot and slippery
The burn patient will be on _______urine output and daily __________.
Hourly, weight
When O2 is administered, it must be...
Humidified
What is Kyphosis?
Humpback in the thoracic area
The infant with pyloric stenosis appears ______ even after vomiting.
Hungry
Respiratory Distress Syndrome is also know as ....
Hyaline Membrane Disease (HMD)
When pre-eclampsia gets worse the deep tendon reflexes will be (hyper/hypo) reflexia.
Hyper-reflexia
The Cushings syndrome patient will have ________ natremia, _________kalemia and _______glycemia.
Hyper; hypo; hyper
What causes cast syndrome, specifically in a Risser cast?
Hyperextension of the spine by a body cast: the hyperextension interrupts the nerve & blood supply to the gut
What is the BIG danger in renal failure?
Hyperkalemia and it's effect on the heart
What are the 2 common objective signs of otitis media?
Hyperpyrexia (fever) Drainage from ear
Abnromally high blood pressure is called____________.
Hypertension
The patient with pyelonephritis will have (hypertension/hypotention)?
Hypertension
Will the client have hypo or hyper tension with AGN? Why?
Hypertension, because of fluid retention
Name the three symptoms of PIH.
Hypertension, weight gain (edema), proteinuria
If ketosis is a big problem for the baby during pregnancy what the big problem after delivery?
Hypoglycemia
What is the #1 cause of infant illness when the mother has diabetes?
Hypoglycemia
What are the #1 and #2 causes of sickle cell crisis?
Hypoxia, dehydration
What is the medical treatment for pernicious anemia?
IM injections of Vitamin B-12
What medical intervention is necessary in pyelonephritis?
IV antibiotics for one to two weeks, must get urine culture 2 weeks after antibiotic therapy is over
Application of (warm H2O compress/ice packs) is the preferred treatment for breast engorgement.
Ice packs to decrease swelling
Will the post prostectomy patient be impotent?
If TURP, no impotence, if perineal prostatectomy, yes impotence
When the client asks about the use of glassess or contacts after cataract surgery what would you say?
If an introcular lens is implanted they will NOT need glasses. If no lens is implanted, then contacts will be fitted for 3 months post-op, temporary thick glasses given immediately but will get a different prescription in 2 to 3 months
When the terminology "the three phases of labor" is used, what does it mean?
If the statement refers to phases of labor, it means the 3-step process of latency, followed by an active and transitional
When do you need a gown with AIDS?
If you are going to get contaminated with secretions
If a surgeon delays doing a C-section for Placenta Previa it is due to: (reason for delay).
Immaturity of the fetus (they will want the child to mature)
When does spinal shock occur?
Immediately or within 2 hours of injury
The #1 goal in emergency treatment of spinal cord injury is...
Immobilization of the spine
During bleeding into the joints you should (mobilize/immobilize) the extremity.
Immobilize to prevent dislodging the clots that do form.
How fast does the dialysate usually flow into the peritoneum?
In 10 minutes
With severe pulmonary embolus the client will look as though they are __________.
In Shock
How should a nurse carry soiled linen?
In a neat bundle held away from the body.
What is the difference between external radiation treatment and internal radiation treatment?
In external the tumor is bombarded with x-rays & nothing is placed in the body; in internal there is some radioactive substance introduced into the body
Can ice packs to the scalp prevent chemotherapy alopecia?
In some cases, yes
Can scalp tourniquets prevent chemotherapy alopecia?
In some cases, yes
When must psychological care of the rape victim begin?
In the emergency room
When are hemolytic transfusion reactions likely to occur?
In the first 10 to 15 minutes
When is infant hypoglycemia most likely to occur during labor and delivery?
In the hours immediately following delivery
When you are not at the bedside the bed should always be...
In the lowest position
Define renal failure.
Inability of the kidney to excrete wastes & maintain fluid & electrolyte balance
Does the heart rate increase or decrease in pulmonary embolus?
Increase
Oral contraceptives (increase/decrease/do not effect) the blood pressure.
Increase
Prolonged intervals between breast-feeding (decrease/increase) the incidence of mastitis.
Increase
In gestational diabetes the client experiences a (decrease/increase) in thirst
Increase (polydipsia)
In gestational diabetes the client experiences a (decrease/increase) in urine output.
Increase (polyuria)
What do caffeine and smoking do to blood pressure?
Increase it
Increased intracranial pressure will _________ the pulse pressure.
Increase or Widen
In a TURP, if you see clots in the tubing you would first ____________.
Increase the flow-rate.
If the blood pressure (systolic) falls below 80 mmHg, what would you do first in hypovolemic shock?
Increase the oxygen flow rate
During the first trimester the woman experiences decreased or increased vaginal secretions?
Increased
In Cushings the blood sugar is (increased/decreased).
Increased
In Cushings the sodium level is (increased/decreased)
Increased
Is hemoglobin increased or decreased in this disease?
Increased
If the client absorbs too much of the dialysate the client will experience...
Increased blood pressure (circulatory overload)
What are the dietary modifications for the oliguric phase of acute renal failure?
Increased carbohydrates, decreased protein, decreased sodium, decreased potassium, decreased water.
What are the dietary modifications for the recovery phase of acute renal failure?
Increased carbohydrates, increased protein.
What are the dietary modifications for the diuretic phase of acute renal failure?
Increased carbohydrates, increased protein. Moderate potassium & sodium. (May need to increase fluids in diuresis results in dehydration.)
What force causes the pulmonary edema in left ventricular failure?
Increased hydrostatic pressure in the pulmonary capillaries
What type of diet is indicated for a woman with pre-eclampsia?
Increased protein/normal salt intake (no restriction typically)
Patient's with MS should have (increased/restricted) fluids.
Increased to dilute urine and reduce incidence of UTI.
The major problem in CF is _______________.
Increased viscosity of the secretions of exocrine glands lead to obstruction.
During shock phase of a burn is potassium increased or decreased? Why?
Increased, because of all the cells damaged- the K+ is released from damaged cells.
If the patient has meningitis, the CSF shows _______ pressure, _____ WBC, ______ protein, ______ glucose.
Increased, increased, increased, decreased
The patient with Cushings Syndrome will have (increased/decreased) blood pressure.
Increased, remember retaining water and sodium
Pregnancy (decreases/increases) the body's insulin requirements.
Increases
How long can an AV fistula be used?
Indefinitely
-osis
Indicates condition, process
Birth to 18 months
Infancy
Centers on having basic needs met
Infancy
Trust vs Mistrust
Infancy
The #1 problem with central lines ___________
Infection
What is the danger with PROM?
Infection
What does nosocomial infection mean?
Infection acquired through contact with contamination in the hospital
Pneumonia is an ______ in the ______ of the ______.
Infection, alveoli, lungs
What is the major complication of endometriosis?
Infertility
-itis
Inflammation
What is the most common side effect of accutane? And what is most important in health teaching in adminstration?
Inflammation of the lips; Causes birth defects
What is mastoiditis?
Inflammation/infection of the mastoid process
Give five causes of catarcts?
Injury Congenital Exposure to heat Heredity Age
Name the two sites used for intradermal injection.
Inner forearm Upper back
What type of movement should be used for cleansing eyes?
Inner to outer canthus
Define EGD
Insertion of a fiber optic scope to visualize the esophagus, stomach and duodenum
After treatment how long do you have to inspect for lice?
Inspect for 2 weeks to be sure that they are all gone
-scope; -scopy
Instrument for observation
Upon walking, the patient with Buerger's experiences _______ _________.
Intermittent Claudication
Should the suction be continuous or intermittent?
Intermittent to prevent mucosal damage
Hypertension is an ________ or sustained elevation in the (systolic/diastolic) __________.
Intermittent, diastolic blood pressure
What is the developmental task for early adulthood?
Intimacy vs. Isolation
What factor do clients with pernicious anemia lack?
Intrinsic factor. It has no other name.
What is the classic test for CF?
Iontophoresis - sweat test
Clients with celiac's disease do not absorb what mineral?
Iron
What nutrients should be supplied in the diet of the pregnant woman with CD?
Iron Folic acid Prevent anemia (anemia always makes the heart work more)
The child with meningitis is most likely to be (lethargic/irritable) at first.
Irritable
Which type of medications are given by Z-track injection?
Irritating, staining
What occurs during the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle?
It accomplishes maturation of the graafian follicle which results in ovulation
What happens to the kidney in AGN?
It becomes clogged with antigen-antibody complexes which then cause inflammation and loss of function.
What happens to the blood pressure in hypovolemic shock?
It decreases
What does gluten do to the intestines of the client with celiac's disease?
It destroys the lining of the intestine.
Why does the pyloric valve become stenosed in pyloric stenosis?
It hypertrophies
What is spinal shock?
It is a common occurrence in spinal cord injury in which the spinal cord swells above and below the level in injury
What is lovenox?
It is a low-dose Heparin used for anticoagulation in POST-OP THROMBOPHLEBITIS PREVENTION NOT USED FOR PULMONARY EMBOLUS
What is glycogen?
It is a stored formed of glucose/energy manufactured by the liver
What is Curlings ulcer? Why is it a problem in burn patients? What drug prevents it?
It is a stress GI ulcer, you get these with any severe physical stress. Tagamet, Zantac, Pepcid (any H2 receptor antagonist), Protonix Prilosec
Will the client with pyelonephritis have hematuria?
It is common but not always present
Is the client sedated for a cystoscopy?
It is done under LOCAL anesthesia. General anesthesia may be used for a child.
If the client complains of decreased hearing after stapedectomy what would you say?
It is normal due to edema. The hearing will start to improve within six weeks.
What is a hysterectomy?
It is surgical removal of the uterus
What is the sensori-motor stage of intellectual development?
It is the intellectual stage of children from birth to 2 years
How do you tell which side of the person's brain is dominant?
It is the side that controls their dominant hand, ie, a left handed person has a dominant right hemisphere and conversely a right hand person has a dominant left hemisphere
What is meant by "cardiac decompensation"?
It means that the compensatory mechanisms - hypertrophy, dilation, tachycardia are not working and the heart has failed.
What does homozygous mean?
It means you have the defective gene from both parents.
What does heterozygous mean?
It means you only have 1 defective gene from 1 parent.
What happens to the pulse pressure in hypovolemic shock?
It narrows (becomes a smaller number)
What is the most common symptom of lice?
Itching
-rhapy; -rrhapy
Joining in a seam, suturation
What is arthodesis?
Joint fusion
The most common symptom of osteoarthritis is ________ __________.
Joint pain
What is arthroplasty
Joint replacement
How long can AV shunt be used?
Just for a few weeks
What lubricant can safely be applied to the cracked lips of chemotherapy stomatitis?
K-Y Jelly
What is the #1 cancer that AIDS patients get?
Kaposi's sarcoma
What should the nurse do with the IV line if transfusion reaction is suspected?
Keep it open with saline
What is the most effective way to decrease UTI with catheters?
Keep the drainage system closed, do not disconnect junction of tubing
What drug is often used to prevent pregnancy after rape?
Kits approved by FDA: Preven (levornorgestrel & ethinly estradiol) or Plan B: Levonorgestrel (less N&V)
What body position should be avoided after hysterectomy? Why?
Knee flexion (because it increases the chance of thrombophlebitis)
Kernig's sign is positive when there is pain in the _____ when attempting to straighten the leg with ____ flexed.
Knee; hip
What shampoo is used for lice?
Kwell
With which other two spine deformities is scoliosis associated?
Kyphosis (humpback), Lordosis (swayback)
When PROM occurs, the age of the fetus must be determined. The best way to assess lung maturity is to check the ________ ratio.
L/S (lecithin/sphingomyelin)
What lab test assesses the risk of Respiratory Distress Syndrome?
L/S ratio (Lecithin/Sphingomyelin ratio)
What is the surgery done for Meniere's?
Labyrinthectomy
-penia
Lack, deficiency of
The 2 most common surgeries used to treat spinal cord injury are ____ and ______.
Laminectomy and spinal fusion
What diagnostic procedure confirms the diagnosis of endometriosis?
Laparoscopy
The stools of a client with celiac's disease are ______, ______ and _____- _____.
Large Greasy Foul-smelling
What are bullae?
Large blisters
Women who have gestational diabetes tend to deliver infants who are (small/large).
Large for gestational age
What gauge needle is used with a blood transfusion?
Large gauge, 18 gauge
What is the characteristic lesion of pemphigus?
Large vesicular bullae
What will excessively fatty stool be like?
Large, pale, foul smelling, greasy
Describe the nipples on bottles used to feed babies with cleft lip?
Large-holed, soft nipples
What are the two common treatments of cataract?
Laser, surgical removal. Surgery called intraocular or extraocular lens extraction
In what position should the client be during a spinal tap?
Lateral decubitus (on their side) position and knees to chest
Scoliosis is a ______ curvature of the ______.
Lateral, spine
When giving a Z-track injection, the overlying skin is pulled (up/down/medially/laterally).
Laterally
How will the child with epiglottitis breathe?
Leaned forward with flaring nostrils
When a client is unable to hold his dentures firmly in his mouth, the nurse should...
Leave them out
Scoliosis in the lumbar spine is usually convex to the (left/right).
Left (*Hint: curve Left in Lumbar)
If a central line is found accidentally open the patient should be positioned on his ______ ______.
Left side
What is the activity order for a woman with severe pre-eclampsia?
Left side lying
What does left sided CHF mean?
Left ventricle has decompensated
Pulmonary edema usually results from ______ failure.
Left ventricular
Are migraines more or less common in men?
Less
How long can a unit of blood be on the unit before it must be started?
Less than 1/2 hour
What is anuria?
Less than 50 cc of urine in 24 hours
What is oliguria?
Less than 500 cc of urine in 24 hours
How much suction should be used for an infant?
Less than 80 mm Hg
The 3rd stage of labor and delivery lasts...
Less than one hour
What is the name for an elevated WBC?
Leukocytosis
Name four drugs used to treat Parkinson's.
Levodopa, Sinement, Symmetrol, Cogentin, Artane, Parlodel
What is the common name for pediculosis?
Lice
What drug will be used to treat PVCs of MI?
Lidocaine
Identify the activity restriction necessary after lumbar puncture?
Lie flat for 6 to 12 hours
Meningitis is an inflammation of the _______ of the _______ and spinal ___________.
Linings, brain , cord
The MORE colon is removed the more _________ the stool.
Liquid
Late syphilis attacks which 3 body organs?
Liver, heart, brain
Is stapedectomy done under general or local anesthesia?
Local
After corrective SURGERY how is the client turned?
Log rolled (in a body cast)
Oral medications have a (shorter/longer) duration of action than IM medications.
Longer
What the two most common causes of whistling and squealing of a hearing aid?
Loose earmold Low battery
Children are at _____ risk for suicide.
Low
Egg white is (high/low) in cholesterol?
Low
Meats are (high/low) in fiber.
Low
Milk and milk products are (high/low) in fiber.
Low
Milk is (high/low) in cholesterol.
Low
Nuts, seeds, and legumes are (high/low) in fiber.
Low
The patient who has NO definite plan is (low/high) risk for suicide.
Low
Deep vein thrombosis is most common in what type of surgery?
Low abdominal or pelvic
Common signs of large ovarian cysts are...
Low back pain Pelvic pain Abnormal bleeding
Name the two earliest signs that a woman is likely in labor.
Low back pain and show (blood-tinge mucous plug is passed)
Which of the following are signs of transfusion reaction? Bradycardia, Fever, Hives, Wheezing, Increased Blood Pressure, Low Back Pain
Low back pain, wheezing, fever, hives
What is the primary dietary prescription for calcium nephrolithiasis?
Low calcium diet
What flow rates of O2 are appropriate for the client with emphysema?
Low flow -- <2.5 L/min; never exceed 2.5L in COPD
What type of diet will people with polycythemia vera be on?
Low iron
The primary diet treatment for uric acid nephrolithiasis is _________ -________.
Low pruine
What type of diet is this woman with a cesium implant on?
Low residue (decrease bowel motility )
What type of diet is the client with Meniere's on?
Low salt
What is the dietary order for the woman with severe pre-eclampsia?
Low salt, high protein
People between 25 and 50 years are (low/moderate /high) risk for suicide.
Low to moderate
In the diuretic phase, blood volume is ______, sodium is _____, and potassium is ________.
Low, low, low
Women have a (higher/lower) incidence of stroke than men?
Lower
What is the #1 purpose of a tepid (slightly) sponge bath?
Lower body temperature during fever.
Which extremities are affected by Buerger's Disease?
Lower extremities only (arms and legs)
In Placenta Previa the placenta is implanted _______ than it should be and lays over the ________ ________.
Lower, cervical os
What is the definitive diagnostic test for meningitis?
Lumbar puncture with culture of CSF (cerebro-spinal fluid)
Will the typical post-operative client have lung sounds? Bowel sounds? Increased temperature?
Lung - yes; bowel sounds - no; Low grade temperature - yes
In which two systems/organs are the most problems in CF?
Lungs Pancreas
What types of chemicals cause burns to oral mucosa when ingested?
Lye, caustic cleaners
What positions are to be avoided after cataract surgery?
Lying face down. Also, do not lie on operative side for a month.
What will prevent hip flexion contracture after AKA?
Lying prone several times a day
What might Levodopa do to patients urine?
Make it very dark
Celiac's disease is a __________ disease
Malabsorption
Which sex does thromboangiitis obliterans affect most often?
Males
Who is at higher risk for suicide, a man or a woman?
Man
What will the facial appearance of a patient with MG look like?
Mast-like with a snarling smile (called a myasthenic smile)
How would you tell if the woman with PROM had an infection?
Maternal fever Fetal tachycardia Foul smelling vaginal discharge
Should pregnant nurses care for a patient receiving unsealed internal radiotherapy?
Maybe, as long as they don't contact body secretions.
What is the name of the RLQ abd pain where appendicitis pain finally localizes?
McBirney's point
When is a bad time to change dressings?
Mealtime
What time of day can be particularly dangerous for the Parkinson's patient?
Mealtime, due to choking
Before you give digitalis, what action must you take?
Measure the apical pulse
What does an EEG measure?
Measures electrical activity generated by the brain
The child with the diagnosis of CF probably had a history of _________ ________ at birth.
Meconium ileus-- bowel obstruction due to the thickness of the stool.
What intellectual ability is impaired after ECT?
Memory
What is the most severe complication of otitis media?
Meningitis or mastoiditis
In the menstrual cycle, day 1 is the day on which...
Menstrual discharge begins
What acid-base disorder is seen in the shock phase of a burn?
Metabolic Acidosis
Which acid-base disorder is MOST commonly associated with hypovolemic shock?
Metabolic acidosis (due to lactic acid accumulation- no oxygen = anaerobic metabolism)
When cancer spreads to a distant site it is called?
Metastasis
The client with uric acid nephrolithiasis should have a diet low in ___________.
Methionine
Pathogen (Define)
Micro-organism that causes disease
Aerobe (Define)
Micro-organisms requiring free oxygen to live
Anaerobe (Define)
Micro-organisms that do not require free oxygen to live
What part of the ear is involved in otitis media?
Middle ear
What should you tell a breast feeding mother about her milk supply when she goes home from the hospital?
Milk should come in postpartum day 3. Breastrfeed every 2-3 hours to establish good milk supply.
Name two foods high in methionine.
Milk, eggs
What type of brace is most commonly used for scoliosis?
Milwaukee
Classifications of Burn Injury
Minor (1st), moderate (2nd) & major (3rd)
Which of these classes of drugs causes contact dermatitis?
Miotics
What does blood cross matching mean?
Mixing a little of the client's blood with the donor blood and looking for agglutination.
The use of pills makes the patient (low/moderate/high) risk for suicide.
Moderate
What is the most common dietary restriction for AGN?
Moderate sodium restriction. Fluid restriction is #2 if edema is severe.
The patient who has a definite plan is (low/high) risk for suicide.
Moderate to high, depends upon feasibility and ease of plan
If airway obstruction occurs at the accident site and you suspect spinal cord injury, what maneuver is used to open the airway?
Modified jaw thrust
Gestational diabetics tend to get ________ infections.
Monilial (yeast)
Patient's with Parkinson's have ______ speech.
Monotone
In Cushings syndrome, the client develops __________ face.
Moon
Diabetes with pregnancy is (more/less) common as the woman ages.
More
Pre-eclampsia makes the neuromuscular system more or less irritable?
More
What pain medication is given for the pain of a MI (Give three).
Morphine, Demerol, Nitroglycerine
After meals, the nurse must always check _______ of the CVA client for _________.
Mouth (cheek), food
In order to get a score of 2 on muscle tone the infant must_________________.
Move spontaneously (actively)
In spinal cord injury never ______ the neck.
Move, hyperextend
What is scanning?
Moving the head from side to side to see the whole field of vision.
Syphilis first infects the _____ ______.
Mucous membranes
What symptoms are classic epiglottitis?
Muffled voice Drooling Stridor
Abruptio Placenta usually occurs in (prima/multi) gravida over the age of ____________.
Multigravida, 35 (HTN, trauma, cocaine)
In whom is Placenta Previa most likely to occur? Primigravida's or multigravida's?
Multigravidas
What will you hear when you auscultate the heart of the client with CD of pregnancy?
Murmurs
What class of drugs is given with ECT?
Muscle relaxant -- succinylcholine
The preschooler fears separation as well as _________ when hospitalized.
Mutilation- remember preschoolers have vivid imaginations...fantasy
Which two groups of these drugs cause photophobia?
Mydriatics Anticholinergics
When the lens is to be extracted for cataracts, what drugs are given preoperatively?
Mydriatics Dilators Antibiotic drugs (gtts)
Which two of these classes of drugs cause tachycardia?
Mydriatics Anticholinergics (sympathetic effects)
What drug is most commonly used in polycythemia vera?
Myleran -- (this is usually used for bone marrow cancer)
Hypothyroidism in an adult.
Myxedema
What follows the RUQ abd pain of appendicitis?
N/V
What are the 3 most common chemotherapeutic GI side effects?
N/V Diarrhea Stomatitis (oral sores)
What position is contraindicated after cleft lip repair?
NEVER lie on their abdomen
The post op abdominal aneurysm repair client is most likely to have which type of tube?
NG tube for decompression of bowel
What is the initial diet order for clients with hyperemesis gravidarum?
NPO
What typical pre-operative type of orders will be ordered before ECT?
NPO after midnight Remove dentures Client to void before surgery Side rails up
What is the #1 treatment of cast syndrome?
NPO and NG tube for decompression
Which 2 classes of drugs are given in combination for HIV sero-positivity?
NRTI's (nucleoside reverse transcriptease inhibitors) and PI's (protease inhibitors) They prevent viral replication.
What does stenosis mean?
Narrowed
To prevent eye medications from getting into the systemic circulation you apply pressure to the _______ for ______ seconds.
Nasolacrimal sac, 10 (press between the inner canthus and the bridge of the nose)
What is the #1 symptom of cast syndrome?
Nausea and vomiting due to bowel obstruction
What is cast syndrome?
Nausea, vomiting and abdominal distention that can result in intestinal obstruction
Besides pain, people with migraines complain of what other symptoms?
Nausea, vomiting and visual disturbances
What is the big danger from torsion?
Necrosis and rupture of ovary
Name one mydriatic
Neo synephrine or Atropine
In Myasthenia Gravis (MG) there is a disturbance in transmission of impulses at the _____ _____.
Neuromuscular junction
Is the patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder neurotic or psychotic?
Neurotic-- they know reality
Can you microwave frozen breast milk in order to warm/thaw it?
Never
Should you massage the calves of the client with CHF?
Never
What is important about the level of the urinary drainage bag?
Never have the bag at a higher level than the bladder.
Should pregnant nurses care for patient receiving sealed internal radiotherapy?
Never. (Lawsuit time!)
In the long term reorganization phase the woman is likely to experience ____ during sleep.
Nightmares
What drug treates angina pectoris?
Nitroglycerine
Are foods made with wheat, oat, or rye flour allowed?
No
Can EGD be done on an uncooperative client?
No
Can a client who had recent bowel surgery get PD?
No
Can the client be removed from skeletal traction?
No
Do all the children with otitis media need tubes in their ears?
No
Do you need a signed informed consent for an EEG?
No
Does anything exit the skin in an AV fistula?
No
Does the client have to be NPO before a spinal tap?
No
Does the client have to be sedated before a spinal tap?
No
Is a C-section mandatory for delivery of a woman with CD of pregnancy?
No
Is blood a normal constituent of feces?
No
Is cholesterol a triglyceride?
No
Is it ok to routinely irrigate indwelling catheters?
No
Should CSF contain blood?
No
Should a client who is having breathing problems receive PD?
No
Should pregnant staff care for a client with a cesium implant?
No
Should the drainage bag ever touch the floor?
No
Should you cover a wet cast?
No
Should you remove adhered clothing on a burn victim?
No
Should you use a heat lamp or hair dryer or fan to help dry a cast?
No heat lamp and hair dryer Yes fan
Do people without cell damage have troponin in their blood?
No it is only present when myocardial cells are damaged.
A newborn receives a score of 0 on muscle tone when there is__________
No movement (limp)
What skin products should the patient receiving external radiotherapy AVOID?
No ointments with metals like zinc oxide, no talcum powder
Should you take a rectal temp after prostatectomy? Give stool softeners?
No rectal temperatures, yes stool softeners
To receive a 0 on reflex (neuromuscluar) irritability the neonate must exhibit _______
No response
What are the restrictions to be followed when tubes are in a child's ear?
No swimming, no showering, no diving
Should the client ambulate independently after cataract surgery?
No the patient should not ambulate independently, depth perception is altered.
What should be avoided in the arm of the client with an AV shunt?
No venipuncture or blood pressure allowed in the arm with a shunt, graft or fistula.
Should a client sleep with the hearing aide in place?
No, a client should not sleep with a hearing aide in place.
Will a simple mastoidectomy worsen hearing?
No, a radical mastoidectomy may
Are enemas required before cystoscopy?
No, but may be ordered.
Is commercial ice cream allowed on a gluten-free diet?
No, even though it is a milk product, commercial ice cream has GRAIN in it.
Should you cover an unhealed umbilical site with the diaper?
No, fold the diaper down.
Are puddings allowed on a gluten-free diet?
No, for the same reason ice cream isn't.
When cleansing an infant's eye, cleanse from _______ to _______ canthus?
No, inner to outer
Should the client roll the elastic stocking down to wash legs? Why or why not?
No, it can cause a constricting band around the ankle/foot.
Should a child in sickle-cell crisis wear tight clothes?
No, it can occlude vessels even more.
Is severe carbohydrate restriction required in gestational diabetics?
No, it could lead to ketosis
Can you use alcohol on the earmold of a hearing aid?
No, it dries and cracks it
Can blood be given immediately after removal from refrigeration?
No, it has to be warmed first for only about 20 to 30 minutes.
Should a woman douche after surgery to remove an ovarian cyst?
No, it is not good to douche on a regular basis, it destroys natural protective vaginal flora
Should you use talcum powder with a post-operative cataract client?
No, it may cause sneezing; also should avoid pepper.
Is it okay to give B12 orally to a client with pernicious anemia?
No, it will never be absorbed due to a lack of intrinsic factor
Can you use the same cotton ball/washcloth edge for both eyes?
No, it would cross contaminate
Is the infant restrained BEFORE repair?
No, just AFTER repair
Will the client with a MI need 100% O2 for their entire stay in the hospital?
No, just moderate flow (42% or 3 to 6 liters for first 48 hours)
If pre-eclampsia is mild will the woman be hospitalized?
No, just rest at home
Should you confront the obsessive-compulsive patient with the absurdity of their behavior?
No, just say things like :You washed your hands for so long you must have been very anxious."
Can we cure pernicious anemia?
No, just treat the symptoms.
Can hypertension be cured?
No, just treated
Can 3 cc of fluid be administered per IM into the deltoid of an adult?
No, maximum of 1 cc
Is it appropriate to massage the legs of the client to preven pulmonary embolus?
No, never
If a child is suspected of having epiglottitis, should you put a tongue depressor in their mouth to look?
No, never put any instrument in the child's mouth unless you are prepared to do an immediate intubation.
Would you do a throat culture for a child with epiglottitis?
No, never put anything in their mouth.
Do plant foods contain any cholesterol?
No, not many
Is the client NPO before cystoscopy?
No, not unless a child with a general anesthetic-- in fact with adults you should encourage fluids.
Should the nurse self-disclose if the patient asks the nurse to?
No, not unless it is specifically therapeutic.
Should you retract the foreskin of a 5 week old male, uncircumcised infant to cleanse the area?
No, not until foreskin retracts naturally and without resistance- then it should be retracted, cleansed and replaced.
Do you need to call the doctor for autonomic dysreflexia?
No, only call the doctor if draining the bladder & removing impaction does not work
Is having the client verbally identify himself considered adequate safety?
No, only identification bands are acceptable.
Do small ovarian cysts cause symptoms?
No, only large ones
Should the nurse change the post-mastoidectomy dressing?
No, reinforce it. Physician changes first post op dressing
Should the nurse provide perineal care for the client with a cesium implant?
No, risk of radiation hazard
For breast engorgement, the non-breastfeeding mother should be told to express breast milk. (T/F)
No, that would increase milk production and would make the problem worse (warm compresses or warm shower to let milk "leak" is okay- Ice is best)
Can a client smoke in the room when the O2 is turned off?
No, the O2 delivery device must be removed from the wall or the tank out of the room before a client can smoke
AFTER repair of cleft lip is infant allowed to cry? To breast feed?
No, the infant should be held to PREVENT CRYING; the infant is not allowed to breast-feed because sucking is not good after lip repair.
Will a child with epiglottitis cough?
No, there will be a lack of spontaneous cough.
Should lemon and glycerine swabs be used to cleanse the mouth?
No, they are not cleansing agents. They are used AFTER cleansing as a moistening agent
Will a woman with active bleeding in Placenta Previa be given any systemic pain relief during labor?
No, they don't want to depress the fetus
Does a client have to be NPO before an EEG?
No, they should never be NPO, it could cause hypoglycemia and alter the EEG results.
Is surgery done immediately upon diagnosis of cataract?
No, they usually wait until it interferes with ADLs .
Should you ever make an obsessive-compulsive person stop their compulsive behavior?
No, they will become very anxious
Can you use cotton swabs to clean the eyes, nares or ears of an infant?
No, this is dangerous
Can drugs be piggybacked into central --TPN?
No, use another lumen.
Is it always bad for the nurse to self-disclose?
No, you can self-disclose as long as you do it cautiously and you are 100% sure it is therapeutic.
Immediately after opening a bottle of sterile water, can you pour it directly into a sterile basin?
No, you must pour a few cc's out of the bottle into a waste container before you pour into the sterile basin. (This is called "lipping" the bottle)
Will fluid resuscitation (administering large amounts of IV fluid) treat cardiogenic shock?
No, you must use cardiac drugs (giving IVs and blood will not help this kind of shock)
Once the patient is admitted for attempted suicide should you ever discuss the attempt with them?
No, you should not focus on the attempt, focus on the present and future.
Should vomiting be induced after ingestion of gasoline?
No- not for gas or any other petroleum products
Should you assess for Homan's sign?
No. Homan's sign is no longer recommended as a test for thrombophlebitis because it can cause a clot to embolize
Compare signs of non-ruptured ovarian cysts with the sings of a ruptured ovarian cyst. (Give 3 for each)
Non-ruptured: low back pain, dull pelvic pain, abnormal uterine bleeding especially with menstruation Ruptured: acute pain, abdominal distention, and abdominal rigidity
What solution is used for CBI?
Normal saline (0.9 NaCl)
What is epitaxis?
Nose bleeds
What is hemianopsia?
Not being able to see one half of the field of vision.
Are Heberden's nodes painful?
Not in the beginning, can be later as swelling occurs
Will client die of endometriosis? What would you say?
Not life-threatening
When do you need a mask with AIDS?
Not usually unless they have an infection caused by an airborne bug
Is dietary protein limited in AGN?
Not usually, however if there is severe azotemia then it may be restricted
What would you do if you noticed a small amount of blood come out in the first few bottles that were infused?
Nothing, this is normal: the blood is due to the initial puncture of the abdomen
What signs or symptoms would you report if they were present after cast application?
Numbness Tingling Burning Pallor Unequal or absent pulses Unequal coolness
What is the first thing a nurse must do to help families in crisis?
Nurse must first examine her own values
The basis for a therapeutic nurse/patient relationship begins with the ______, self______ and ______ _______.
Nurse's, awareness, self understanding
What blood type is the universal donor?
O
What are the two major treatments of pulmonary embolus?
O2, anticoagulants
When are there activity restrictions after an EEG?
ONLY when sedatives are used, and then it's only necessary to keep side rails up.
(Obese/very thin) women are most likely to become diabetic during pregnancy.
Obese
In Cushings syndrome, the trunk is ________ and the extremities are _________.
Obese, thin
How does the client evaluate the activity of their pancreas?
Observe stools for steatorrhea
Anxiety-producing thoughts are called_____.
Obsessions
Name two things for which stool specimens are tested.
Occult blood, fat, ova and parasites
intra-
Occurring within
When a patient is taking Levodopa he should have assistance getting out of bed because...
Of orthostatic hypotension
To insure that Bryant's traction is working the child's hip/sacrum should be _________
Off the bed enough to slip a hand between the sacrum and the bed.
An emulsion is a mixture of ______ and ______.
Oil and H2O
When men get MG they are usually old or young?
Old
Which is more dangerous, oliguria or anuria? Why?
Oliguria, because since you are losing more fluids you are actually hemo-concentrating the hyperkalemia more
Give 3 stages of acute renal failure.
Oliguric, diuretic, recovery
In what position would you place a client in suspected hypovolemic shock?
On back with arms and legs elevated
In the recovery room (PACU) the patient should be positioned....
On either side
What is the best location in a client's room to set up a sterile field?
On the over-bed table
In what position should the client be immediately after ECT?
On their side-- to prevent aspiration
How many times per day will the client irrigate his colostomy?
Once
What is the routine for vital sign measurement with a transfusion?
Once before administration Q15 x 2 after administration is begun Every hour after thereafter Q1 x1 after transfusion has stopped
When is pre-eclampsia called eclampsia?
Once convulsions have occured
Due to MI occurs within _____ of symptom onset in 50% of all patients.
One hour
What is the #1 symptom of Bell's Palsy (idiopathic facial paralysis)?
One sided (unilateral) facial paralysis
How long before surgery must you discontinue oral contraceptives?
One week before surgery
How can the woman with cesium implant move in bed?
Only from side to side
Should sedatives be given before an EEG?
Only if ordered as a pre-test medication.
Is cheese high in cholesterol?
Only moderate, not really that high
Of all the following, which one(s) increase in hypovolemic shock? Blood pressure, output, heart rate, pH, LOC, pulse pressure, respiratory rate
Only the heart rate and respiratory rate
When should the nurse WITHHOLD IM injections in the client on chemotherapy?
Only when their PLATELET count is down.
Define cataract
Opacity of the crystalline lens
What should the post-stapedectomy client do if he must sneeze?
Open his mouth, this de-pressurizes the middle ear.
Liquid drugs should be poured out of the side (opposite of/the same as) the label.
Opposite
What are the top three nursing interventions in pemphigus?
Oral care, protection from infection, encouraging high fluid intake
What class of drugs can lead to pulmonary embolus?
Oral contraceptives
How long does the woman have to be off oral contraceptives before hysterectomy?
Oral contraceptives should be discontinued 3 to 4 weeks preoperatively.
What does evening or hour of sleep (HS) care consist of?
Oral hygiene Washing face/hands Back rub Tightening linens
The meats that are highest in cholesterol are _________ meats.
Organ meats liver, heart, brains, kidneys
Termination phase begins in the _______phase.
Orientation
The nurse should introduce information about the end of the nurse/patient relationship during the _____phase.
Orientation
What is the #1 side effect of antihypertensives?
Orthostatic hypotension (means you feel weak when you rise to a standing position because your blood pressure falls)
e-; ex-
Out from, away from, outside
ec-
Out of
Ectopic pregnancy is implantation of a fertilized ovum ________ the _________.
Outside, uterus
What level of fever is present in epiglottitis?
Over 102 degrees
In emphysema, the alveoli are over-_____ and under-______.
Over-enlarged, under-ventilated so that air is trapped in alveoli
What is otosclerosis?
Overgrowth of spongy bone in the middle ear that doesn't allow the bones of the middle ear to vibrate
Cushings syndrome is __________ secretion of _______, _______ and _______ _______ by the _______ _______.
Oversecretion; glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, androgenic hormones; adrenal gland
What is the #1 cause of death in pemphigus?
Overwhelming infection
Clients on what type of therapy must use a safety blade razor (non electric)?
Oxygen therapy, since an electric razor could cause sparks
What are the top 3 priorities in care of the client with sickle-cell crisis?
Oxygenation, hydration, and PAIN control
What is the causative organism of acne?
P. acnes (propionibacterium acnes)
Severe cases of Respiratory Distress Syndrome requires ventilation with _________.
PEEP (Positive end expiratory pressure) & CPAP. (Continuous positive airway pressure), to keep alveoli open while on the ventilator. High frequency jet ventilation is sometimes used.
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND)
PND patients have orthopnea, which is shortness of breath occurring when lying down and is relieved by sitting up. It often occurs with chronic lung disease and left-sided heart failure.
Coumadin therapy is monitored by what daily test?
PT (prothrombin time)
Heparin therapy is monitored by daily measurement of the _______.
PTT (partial thromboplastin time)
What is the difference between whole blood and packed cells?
Packed cells don't have nearly as much plasma or volume as whole blood does
Women with endometriosis should be counseled to use (tampons/pads) during menstruation?
Pads only
What are the three signs of increased intraocular pressure?
Pain (moderate to severe) Restlessness Increased pulse rate
What is intermittent claudication?
Pain in calf upon walking
What are the three most common signs of ovarian cyst rupture?
Pain, abdominal distention, abdominal rigidity
What 3 sensations will the client experience?
Pain, numbness, tingling
Who is the most common subjective symptoms of shingles?
Pain, pain, Pain
The chancres of syphilis are (painful/painless).
Painless
What is the classic symptom of Placenta Previa?
Painless 3rd trimester bleeding (hint: Painless Placenta Previa)
What will the fingers look like?
Pale, sometimes blue
Give three possible causes of hyperemesis gravidarum.
Pancreatitis Multiple pregnancies Hydatidiform mole
What is paralytic ileus?
Paralysis of the bowel due to surgery (common --especially in abdominal surgery)
What is cycloplegia?
Paralysis of the iris/pupil
Spinal cord injury in the thoracic/lumbar regions result in ___plegia.
Paraplegia
Are anticholinesterases sympathetic or parasympathetic?
Parasympathetic
What is the famous triad of symptoms in Meniere's?
Paroxysmal whirling vertigo -- sensorineural hearing loss--tinnitus (ringing in the ears)
Portal of entry (Define)
Part of the body where organisms enter
Which age group(s) are most likely to experience PIH?
Patients under 18 and over 35
The adolescent who is hospitalized fears separation from _________ and loss of ___________.
Peers, independence
What is the treatment of choice for syphilis?
Penicillin
What drug is used to fight epiglottitis?
Penicillin, ampicillin
Who is the most likely to receive a graft for dialysis?
People with diabetes mellitus.
What are the complications of EGD?
Perforation of gut Aspiration secondary to emesis Respiratory arrest (due to valium)
What commonly happens secondary to otitis media?
Perforation of the ear drum
The most radical prostate surgery is the ____________ prostatectomy.
Perineal
What exercises should the post prostectomy patient do upon discharge? Why?
Perineal exercises, start and stop stream of urine, because dribbling is a common but temporary problem post op
Vincristine
Peripheral neuropathy (foot drop, numbness and tingling, hoarseness, jaw pain) constipation (adynamic ileus due to neurotoxicity)
Cisplatin
Peripheral neuropathy, constipation, ototoxicity
What do you see during and after feeding?
Peristaltic waves from left to right
What is present when rebound tenderness is present?
Peritoneal inflammation
What is the most common complication of appendicitis?
Peritonitis
Cloudy drainage in the dialysate commonly means...
Peritonitis (Not good, call MD)
Colostomies performed for cancer tend to be (temporary/permanent).
Permanent
What is the BIG danger with pyelonephritis?
Permanent scarring and kidney damage
For what reason are Montgomery straps used?
Permit you to remove & replace dressings without using tape (protects the skin)
To prevent irritation of the skin near the edges of a cast the edges should be ____________.
Petaled
Which of these symptoms are NOT seen in hemophilia? Prolonged bleeding, petechiae, ecchymosis or hematoma?
Petechiae
What are the 3 objective symptoms/signs of thrombocytopenia? Hint: P.E.E.
Petechiae Epistaxis Ecchymosis
Over secretion of adrenal medulla
Pheochromocytoma
What procedure is done to relieve symptoms in polycythemia vera?
Phlebotomy
If the kidney stone is calcium phosphate the diet must be low in _____ too.
Phosphorous
What visual symptom will the patient with meningitis have?
Photophobia (over-sensitivity to light)
What would you do if the cesium implant came out?
Pick it up with forceps only - never touch with hand even if you are wearing gloves.
What is the classic motor manifestation of Parkinson's?
Pill-rolling and tremors
Upon what do you support a cast while it dries?
Pillows (no plastic covers)
Name two miotics
Pilocarpine, Timpotic (or any drug ending in -lol)
Low growth hormone (give another name)
Pituitary dwarfism
How should the eye drops be given?
Place drops into the lower conjunctival sac
How would you palpate the uterus to see if the eclamptic woman was having contractions?
Place the hand flat on the abdomen over the fundus with fingers apart and press lightly
How should eye ointments be given?
Placed on the lower inner eye lid, then have client close eyes
With what solution & when should a breast feeding mother cleanse the areola?
Plain water, before & after each feeding
What solution and material are used to cleanse the eyes of an infant?
Plain water, cotton balls, washcloths
-plast
Plastic surgery on a specified part
Which cells are low in thrombocytopenia?
Platelets
Name a new drug with anti-platelet activity.
Plavix
The dyspnea of pulmonary embolus is accompanied by ____ _____.
Pleuritic pain
What are mast trousers?
Pneumatic device placed around the legs and lower body that is inflated to force blood centrally
The four most common organisms that cause meningitis are...
Pneumococcus Meningococcus Streptococcus H. influenza
The typical pneumonia of AIDS is caused by ___________ ____________.
Pneumocystic carinii
Name the three most common uses of PCA techniques.
Post-operative pain, cancer pain, sickle-cell crisis pain
The most common intervention for the CF client with a diagnosis of decreased airway clearance is _________________.
Postural drainage
What chemical is added to the bath water of a client with pemphigus?
Potassium permanganate
When the client is taking diuretics, what mineral is the CHF client most likely to lose?
Potassium--K+
Medical asepsis (Define)
Practices that help reduce the number & spread of micro-organisms (synonym for clean techniques)
Clean technique (Define)
Practices that help reduce the number & spread of micro-organisms (synonym for medical asepsis)
Surgical asepsis (Define)
Practices that render & keep objects & areas free from all micro-organisms (synonym for sterile techniques)
During what phase should the nurse examine his/her own feelings?
Pre-interaction phase
What are the steps of the nurse/patient therapeutic relationship?
Pre-interaction phase Orientation phase Working phase Termination phase
3 to 6 years
Pre-schooler
Encourage fantasy
Pre-schooler
Initiative vs Guilt
Pre-schooler
What is the most common arrhythmia after a MI?
Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs)
During an acute bleeding episode, you should apply________ for 15 minutes and apply________.
Pressure, ice
Gestational diabetes is associated with what OB history?
Previous large baby (over 9 lbs), unexplained stillbirth, miscarriage, congenital anomalies
When Auscultating for breath sounds the presence of crackles may indicate?
Previously termed rales, crackles are sounds that are heard in the lung field that has fluid in a small airways. Crackles can be heard on inspiration and expiration. Early inspiratory and expiratory crackles are heard in chronic bronchitis. Late inspiratory crackles may indicate pneumonia, CHF, or atelectasis, a complete or partial collapse of a lung or lobe of a lung.
(Multi/prima) gravida clients are most likely to get PIH.
Primagravida
What are the stages of syphilis?
Primary, secondary, latent, late
Mastitis and breast engorgement are more likely to occur in (primipara/multipara).
Primipara
Why is penicillin administered with Procaine? With Probenecid?
Procaine makes the shot less painful; Probenecid blocks the excretion of penicillin
Coagulate (Define)
Process that thickens or congeals a substance
Foods lose some or all of their fiber when they are ___________. ___________,____________ or__________.
Processed, cooked, peeled, refined
-genic
Produce, originate, become
What four symptoms in a patient with a cesium implant should be reported to the physician?
Profuse vaginal discharge Elevated temp Nausea Vomiting (these indicate infection and perforation)
During the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle, which of the following hormones increase: estrogen, progesterone or LH?
Progesterone and LH
What are the two types of oral contraceptives?
Progestin only and combination progesterone and estrogen
What type of vomiting is present in meningitis?
Projectile
Is vomiting projectile or non-projectile in patients with pyloric stenosis? Is the vomiting bile-stained or not bile-stained?
Projectile, not bile-stained
Gluten is a __________.
Protein
What nutrient is lost in highest amounts during PD?
Protein
Of protein, fat, and carbohydrates, which ones (percent-wise) increase in the diet of gestational diabetics?
Protein, fat
What two lab tests monitor coumadin therapy?
Prothrombin time (PT) and the INR
Define evisceration
Protrusion of abdominal contents through a dehiscence.
In a double-barrel colostomy, from which stoma (barrel) will the stool come out?
Proximal
What skin symptoms do you see in hepatitis? (Give 2)
Pruritis (itching) Jaundice (Both are due to bilirubin accumulation)
What are the major side effects of radiotherapy?
Pruritis, erythema, burning, sloughing of skin, anorexia, nausea & vomiting, diarrhea, bone marrow depression
What are the first signs of AGN?
Puffiness of face, dark urine
In a patient with a TURP, if you see an increase in blood content of urine coming out of the catheter, you would first ___________.
Pull carefully on the catheter to apply local pressure on the prostate with the Foley balloon.
If the nurse accidentally runs the IVs at the shock phase rate during the diuretic phase the patient will experience?
Pulmonary edema
What complication is common in CHF?
Pulmonary edema
The most common complication of deep vein thrombosis _______ ________.
Pulmonary embolism
Bleomycin
Pulmonary fibrosis
The best way to ensure effectiveness of a rectal suppository is to...
Push the suppository against the wall of the rectum
How often are vital sign measurements taken in AGN?
Q4 hours with blood pressure
How often should you measure the vital signs, vaginal bleeding, fetal heart rate during Abruptio Placenta>?
Q5-15 minutes for bleeding and maternal VS, continuous fetal monitoring, deliver at earliest sign of fetal distress
How often should central line dressings be changed?
QOD- every other day
What is the word used to identify the feeling that the mother experiences when the fetus moves?
Quickening
Where does the pain of appendicitis finally end up?
RLQ
What is the most common site for an AV shunt?
Radial artery to radial vein
What is the big danger to staff when caring for a client with cesium implant?
Radiation hazard
What do you do first for the client experiencing autonomic dysreflexia?
Raise HOB
Flight of ideas is when the patient changes topics of conversation______.
Rapidly
Contraindications for administering an enema
Recent colon surgery, acute myocardial infarction, and suspected appendicitis. With elderly clients, enemas should be used with caution because of their higher risk of hyperphosphatemia, perforation, and sepsis.
For which type of aphasia are slow, short, simple directions most useful?
Receptive
When a patient does not understand INCOMING language he is said to have ______ aphasia.
Receptive
What would you do if the client had any one of the following after cystoscopy: bladder spasm, burning, frequency?
Record it but no need to call the MD
What would you do if the client's urine was pink-tinged after cystoscopy?
Record it in the notes, no need to call the MD.
What occurs during the 4th stage of labor and delivery?
Recovery
A first degree burn is pale or red?
Red
A second-degree burn is pale or red?
Red
A fresh new stoma is _________, __________ and __________.
Red, large, noisy
What is the common finding with pediculosis pubis?
Reddish-brown dust in the underwear
Traction is used to _______ and _______ a fracture, relieve ________ _______ and prevent ________.
Reduce and immobilize, muscle spasm; deformities
What are the processes occurring in migraines?
Reflex constriction then dilation of cerebral arteries.
What are the instructions given to clients recovering from hyperemesis gravidarum in relation to mealtime?
Remain seated upright for 45 minutes after each meal
If a family member asks to have the side rails down while they are in the room you should...
Remember that you are responsible for the client's safety-- not his family, it might be unwise to permit this
How do you prevent flexion contracture of the knee after BKA?
Remide the patient to straighten their knee constantly while standing
Define debridement.
Removal of necrotic tissue from a wound.
What is the treatment of for cast syndrome?
Removal of the cast, NG tube to decompress, NPO
What is the #1 reason why MD's remove ovrian cysts?
Remove before they transform into malignancy.
What pre-test activities must be performed before the EGD?
Remove dentures and eyeglasses Sign consent NPO after midnight
What can be done during an EGD besides visualization?
Remove polyps Take specimens Coagulate bleeding vessels
What is the purpose of a wound drain?
Remove secretions from the area so healing occurs.
How do you care for an infant with a Logan Bow?
Remove the gauze before feeding and cleanse after feeding with peroxide and saline.
What do you do if you get blood in the syringe upon aspiration?
Remove the syringe immediately and apply pressure; you must discard the syringe and redraw medication in a new syringe
What is the #1 medical treatment of hypovolemic shock
Replace blood and fluids
In the long term reorganization phase the woman is likely to change ______.
Residence or/an telephone number
A dry cast is dull or resonant to percussion?
Resonant
What acid/base disorder is seen in Respiratory Distress Syndrome?
Respiratory acidosis (CO2 is retained)
Which blood gas disorder is most common in pneumonia?
Respiratory alkalosis, because the hyperventilation blows off more CO2, than the consolidation traps in the blood
The #1 danger in both Myasthenic and Cholinergic crisis is _____ ______.
Respiratory arrest
What is the #1 treatment of CD during pregnancy?
Rest
Children with epiglottitis often need a tracheotomy. What behavior would indicate the need for a tracheotomy?
Restlessness Increased HR Retractions
What are the two early signs of hypoxia?
Restlessness, tachycardia
Give three reasons for a blood transfusion
Restore blood volume secondary to hemorrhage, maintain hemoglobin in anemia, replace specific blood components
The patient with a recent CVA is most likely to have fluids restricted or forced?
Restricted
Within in minutes of birth, what 3 respiratory difficulties occur?
Retractions, nasal flaring, and grunting
High flow rates of O2 delivered in Respiratory Distress Syndrome can cause __________ __________.
Retrolental fibroplasia (an eye problem)
What is the #1 cause of CD of pregnancy?
Rheumatic heart disease
What grains are allowed in a gluten-free diet?
Rice and corn
If the client has right homonymous hemaniopsia, the food on the ____ side of the tray may be ignored.
Right
Scoliosis in the thoracic spine is usually convex to the (left/right).
Right
If the patient has right hemiplegia, he cannot move his ____ ____ and ____ ____ and the stroke was on the _________ side of the brain.
Right arm and right leg, left
In what position should a child with pyloric stenosis be after a feeding?
Right side with HOB up
What does right sided CHF mean?
Right ventricle has decompensated Dependent Edema (legs and sacrum) Jugular venous distention Abdominal distention Hepatomegaly Splenomegaly Anorexia and nausea Weight gain Nocturnal diuresis Swelling of the fingers and hands Increased BP
What must the mother do after feeding the baby who has had cleft lip/palate repair?
Rinse the infant's/child's mouth with water
What type of cast is used post-operatively?
Risser cast
Name the three types of parasites abnormally found in stool.
Roundworm Tapeworm Pinworm
What is the typical complexion of a client with polycythemia vera?
Ruddy red, almost purple
What is the most dangerous side effect/complication of fallopian ectopic pregnancy?
Rupture of the fallopian tube
What is the BIG danger with aneurysms of any type?
Rupture, leads to shock and death
What are the two most common subjective complaints of the woman who is decompensating during labor?
SOB Palpitations
Name the four most common parenteral routes of administrations.
SQ, IM, IV, ID (intradermal)
What is the permanent EKG change seen post MI?
ST wave changes
What is a major nursing diagnosis post-mastoidectomy?
Safety
What will be a high priority nursing diagnosis for a client post cataract surgery?
Safety
What precautions are important in the care of the client receiving PD?
Safety, because they get dizzy.
Name a drug given to treat migraine?
Sansert (methsergide), Cafergot (Prophylaxis: Imipramine)
The client with hemianopsia should be taught to ____________.
Scan
Encourage creativity and collecting things
School Age
Industry vs Inferiority
School Age
6 to 12 years
School age
Which age group engages in stalling tactics before painful procedures most?
School-Age
Which age groups are most likely to physically resist the nurse during procedures?
School-age, adolescents
Of sealed internal, unsealed internal, and external radiation treatment, which is MOST dangerous for the nurse?
Sealed internal then unsealed internal, external radiation treatment is of no danger to the nurse unless the nurse is in the radiation treatment room during the treatment
In what type of container should breast milk be stored?
Sealed plastic bags
What are the four classic suicide precautions?
Search personal belongings for drugs & alcohol, remove any sharp objects, remove any device for hanging or strangling; must be on constant one-to-one observation (NEVER out of sight)
What is the most dangerous complication of EGD?
Secondary respiratory arrest (valium)
What types of precautions will be in effect for a woman with severe pre-eclampsia?
Seizure precautions
The client with meningitis can develop________.
Seizures
In which position should a woman with CD in labor be?
Semi recumbent, HOB up
The best client position during airway suctioning is _______.
Semi-fowlers
What position is best for clients with emphysema under normal circumstances?
Semi-fowlers or higher
In what position should the bed be if the patient is in pelvic traction?
Semi-fowlers with knee gatched
In Abruptio Placenta, the placenta _______________ from the uterine wall ____________.
Separates, prematurely
The toddler fears _______ most when hospitalized.
Separation from family
The infant fears _________ most when hospitalized.
Separation from love object
Define dehiscense
Separation of the incisional edges
Hyperemesis Gravidarum is ______ and ________ vomiting that persists into the _____ trimester.
Severe and prolonged; 2nd trimester (normal vomiting should be gone before 2nd trimester)
What is the #1 symptom of an MI?
Severe chest pain unrelieved by rest and nitroglycerine
In eclamptic client what ominous sign almost always precedes a seizure?
Severe epigastric pain
The #1 sign of MG is ______ ______ _____.
Severe muscle weakness
What are the post-operative signs of hemorrhage into the eye?
Severe pain Restlessness
The inheritance patterns for hemophilia is:
Sex linked recessive
After rape, a woman needs follow-up exam/test for _______ __________ ________.
Sexually transmitted disease (STD's), i.e: AIDS, gonorrhea, syphilis...
The first sign that a fallopian ectopic pregnancy had ruptured is...
Sharp abdominal pain
How does the mother break the suction of the breast feeding infant?
She inserts her little finger into the side of the infant's mouth
What measurement must the woman with pre-eclampsia make every day?
She must weigh herself
The meats that are second highest in cholesterol are the ___________
Shell seafood- shrimp, crab, lobster
What is the common name for Herpes Zoster?
Shingles
A dry cast is dull or shiny?
Shiny
A second-degree burn is dull or shiny?
Shiny
What are the 3 complications of placenta previa?
Shock Maternal death Fetal death
If the fallopian tube ruptures due to ectopic pregnancy, nursing care is the same as that for___________.
Shock and peritonitis
Name the 3 phases of burn
Shock, diuretic, recovery
If the nurse uses self-disclosure it should be ______ and the conversation should be...
Short, quickly refocused back on the patient
What is meant by dyspnea on exertion?
Shortness of breath when active.
What is meant by orthopnea?
Shortness of breath when lying flat
After advancing a Penrose drain you (should/should not) cut off the excess drain?
Should
The typical hospital client (should/should not) wear their dentures.
Should
Can a woman on oral contraceptives breastfed?
Should not use OCP during the first 6 weeks after birth because the hormones may decrease milk supply. Estrogen is not recommended. Non-hormonal methods are recommended. Remember, breastfeeding is an unreliable contraceptive.
How high should the dialysate bag be when its infused?
Shoulder height
What type of gait is seen in Parkinson's?
Shuffling slow gait
What genetic disorder can lead to pulmonary embolus?
Sickle cell anemia
After receiving ear drops the client should remain in ________position for ________minutes.
Side lying, 5
What safety measures should be followed with Meniere's?
Side rails up x 4, ambulate only with assistance
Should a CVA patient have all four side rails up at all times? Should they be restrained?
Side rails yes. Restraints- no, unless they are a danger to themselves or others
If a patient has opisthotonos, in what position would you place them?
Side-lying
The unconscious client should assume what position during suctioning?
Side-lying, facing nurse
para-
Similar, beside
What is the surgery for mastoiditis called?
Simple or radical mastoidectomy
In what position should the client be when they irrigate their colostomy?
Sitting
If a client with emphysema has a severe dyspneic episode what position is best?
Sitting upright with arms folded on the overbed table
The intradermal route is primarily used for ________ _________.
Skin testing
In the recovery room the neck should be ...
Slightly extended
Parkinson's patients move fast or slow?
Slow
An infant is given a score of 1 if their respirations are _______ or ________.
Slow or irregular
If the client complains of dyspnea during PD you would first __________, then __________.
Slow the flow, elevate HOB
Oral medications have a (faster/slower) onset of action that IM drugs.
Slower
When a person increases fiber in the diet they should do so____________.
Slowly
How should you change the position of the spinal cord injury patient after he has an order to be up? Why?
Slowly, because of severe orthostatic hypotension (they use a tilt table)
What is petechiae?
Small dot like pinpoint hemorrhages on the skin.
The group with the highest incidence of Buerger's disease is __________.
Smokers
The development of emphysema is most associated with a history of ___________.
Smoking
What action will facilitate the trimming of brittle toenails?
Soaking in warm water
What agents are best for catheter care?
Soap and water
What solution should be used to clean a hearing aid?
Soap and water
What type of diet should the patient with MG be on?
Soft
The toddler and preschooler will think that illness is caused by_____________.
Something they did wrong.
What is the most common complaint after an EGD?
Sore throat
The patient with spinal cord injury will have (flaccid/spastic) muscles.
Spastic
Will the muscles of MS clients be spastic or flaccid?
Spastic
Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is a ________ break in the amniotic sac __________ the _________ of contractions.
Spontaneous, before, onset
At what time of year does rheumatoid arthritis flare up?
Spring
Silver nitrate cream___________ the ________.
Stains, skin
Without leukopenia the AIDS patient will be on ____________ precautions.
Standard precautions or blood and body fluid precautions
What is corrective surgery for otosclerosis called?
Stapedectomy
Which organism most commonly causes mastitis?
Staph
When swabbing an incision you would start at the incision or 1 Inch away from the incision?
Start at the incision and move outward.
What are the large, pale, foul smelling, greasy stools called?
Steatorrhea
What type of dressing is applied to a central line insertion site?
Sterile occlusive
What solution is best to use if you intend to remove a client's contact lenses?
Sterile saline
What solution should be used to clear the tubing during suctioning?
Sterile saline
Another name for surgical asepsis is...
Sterile technique
What kind of lubricant should be used on the suction catheter?
Sterile water-soluble
Chronic _____________therapy imitates Cushings.
Steroid
What drugs are most commonly used?
Steroids
What is the most common musculo-skeletal symptom of meningitis?
Stiff neck- nuchal rigidity
What three drugs are given post-operatively for surgical cataract removal?
Stool softeners Antiemetics Analgesics (mild to moderate)
In hepatitis the ________ are light colored.
Stools: remember the urine is dark and stools are light. (Bilirubin ends up in the skin and urine instead of the stool where it should have gone.)
What would you do first if you suspected transfusion reaction?
Stop the blood and start the saline
If a transfusion reaction occurs what should the nurse do first?
Stop the blood flow & start running saline
-stasis
Stoppage
How should a client's toenails be trimmed?
Straight across
What color is the dialysate when it comes out?
Straw-colored - clear
What is seen on the abdomen of the patient with Cushings?
Striae--purple horizontal lines
What is the difference between structural and functional scoliosis?
Structural-you are born with; Functional-you get from bad posture
-ology
Study of; knowledge, science
Into what space is the needle inserted during a spinal tap?
Subarachnoid space
Bactericide (Define)
Substance capable of destroying micro-organisms but not necessarily their spores
Bacteriostatic (Define)
Substance that prevents or inhibits the growth of micro-organisms
What equipment should be at the bedside of an MG patient?
Suction apparatus (for meals), tracheostomy/endotube (for ventilation)
Name 5 things included in seizure precations.
Suction machine in room O2 in room Padded rails up X 4 Must stay on unit Ambulation with supervision only No More than 1 pillow
When do you need goggles with AIDS?
Suctioning, central line start, arterial procedures
What is meant by paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea?
Sudden episodes of difficulty breathing
What should the client avoid after labyrinectomy?
Sudden movements and increased Na food
If the client with CD of pregnancy experiences sudden heart failure what is the MOST common thing you will see?
Sudden onset of SOB (dyspnea).
After administration of a vaginal durg the client should remain _____ for______ minutes.
Supine, 10
After using nose drops, the client should remain ______ for _______ minutes.
Supine, 5
The cause of RDS is a lack of _______.
Surfactant
What is done to correct pyloric stenosis?
Surgery (pyloromyotomy)
The nurse should use (medical/surgical) asepsis during airway suction?
Surgical asepsis (sterile technique)
What kind of treatment is done for severe scoliosis?
Surgical fusion with rod insertion
-ostomy
Surgical opening
-ectomy
Surgical removal of
The most common medical-surgical treatment for ectopic pregnancy is___________.
Surgical removal of fetus and some surrounding tissue
How are cleft lip and cleft palate primarily treated?
Surgical repair
What medication is given? By what route?
Survanta (Surfactant) via ET tube. Repeat doses are often required.
With what is a round closed in first intention?
Sutures or steri-strips, staples
What is Lordosis?
Swayback in the lumbar region (Lumbar, Lordosis)
What are the vital sign changes seen in autonomic dysreflexia?
Sweating, headache, nausea & vomiting, gooseflesh, and severe HYPERtension
Would sympathetic stimulators or sympathetic blockers treat hypertension?
Sympathetic blockers (decrease cardiac output and decrease resistance)
What are the two most common medical treatments for otitis media?
Systemic antibiotics Antibiotic ear drops
What is the medical treatment for mastoiditis?
Systemic antibitoics
When 2 values are given in a blood pressure the first (top #) is the __________measurement & and the second (bottom #) is the __________?
Systolic / Diastolic
The AIDS virus invades helper ____________.
T-lymphocytes (or CD4 cells)
What special item do clients with CHF have to wear to decrease venous stasis in the legs?
TED hose
Which heart rate is associated with hypovolemic shock, bradycardia or tachycardia?
Tachycardia
Mydriatic
Tachycardia Photophobia Dilates pupil Do not use in glaucoma Neo-synephrine is an example
What major sense is affected most in MS (besides vision)?
Tactile (touch)-- they burn themselves easily
What if a woman forgets to take the pill for two days in a row? What should she do?
Take 2 pills a day for two days in a row and then resume normal schedule.
What do CF clients need to do (ingest) in hot weather?
Take NaCl tablets
If a women forgets to take pill one day, what should she do?
Take it as soon as she remembers it, and take next pill at regular time.
What instructions do you give to a client taking tetracycline?
Take it on an empty stomach and avoid the sunlight (photosensitivity)
Thorazine
Take with LOTS OF WATER regardless of meals to prevent constipation. All drugs that end in "-zine" are major tranquilizers that also cause Psuedo Parkinson's or extra-pyramidal effects.
Sulfonamides
Take with LOTS OF WATER regardless of whether you give it at mealtime or not -- Bactrim, Septra, Gantricin, ie, used to treat UTI
Stool Softeners
Take with lots of water regardless of mealtim
Codeine
Take with lots of water rergardless of meals -- to prevent constipation
Which solution is used to irrigate a colostomy?
Tap water
Buerger's disease (thromboangiitis obliterans) nursing implications/teaching
Teach patient about smoking cessation, avoiding cold by wearing gloves and warm clothes, managing stress, avoiding caffeine; teach patient taking nifedipine to avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice to prevent severe adverse effects, including possible death; teach patients on vasodilators about side effects such as facial flushing, hypotension, headaches.
Scoliosis MOST commonly affects _____ _____ (type of clients).
Teenage females
After discharge contact with the rape victim is maintained via the _______.
Telephone
Where is the pain of migraine most likely located?
Temporal, supraorbital
Colostomies performed for a gunshot are usually (temporary/permanent)
Temporary
Acrocyanosis
Temporary cyanotic condition, usually in newborns resulting in a bluish color around the lips, hands and fingernails, feet and toenails. May last for a few hours and disappear with warming.
If mastitis is caused by an organism, what causes breast engorgement?
Temporary increase in vascular and lymph supply to the breast in preparation for milk production
What is the name of the process in which outside agents cause birth defects in the fetus?
Teratogenesis
If PROM occurs before viability, what is the typical management?
Termination of pregnancy
What is the only IM given to a burn patient?
Tetanus toxoid- if they had a previous immunization; tetanus antitoxin- if they have never been immunized before (or immune globulin)
What is the antibiotic most commonly given to clients with acne?
Tetracycline
What would you tell a client who says what if I get shocked during my EEG?
That is impossible since the test measures electrical activity coming FROM him, never to him.
What is diastole?
The LOWEST force of blood on artery walls
What is systole?
The MAXIMAL force of blood on artery walls
What neurologic test do they do for this anemia?
The Romberg test (a test for balance), in normal people this test is negative, in the client with pernicious anemia this test becomes positive
What unique urine test is done to diagnose pernicious anemia?
The Schilling test
What body surface must be punctured to administer PD?
The abdomen
What information does the measurement of skin fold thickness yield?
The amount of body fat
What happens when blood is administered with Dextrose IVs?
The cells clump together & don't flow well
What is the meaning of cervical effacement?
The cervix thins
What is the lesion like in primary syphilis?
The chancre (pronounced shanker)
What is egocentricity? In what stage is it found?
The child views everything from his frame of reference, common in pre-operational thinking
What is the pulse pressure?
The difference between the systolic and the diastolic blood pressure. Ex. BP 120/80 the Pulse pressure is 40.
Which hand should hold the suction catheter? Which should hold the connecting tube?
The dominant, the non-dominant
What is the unique adjective given to describe the early signs of MG?
The early signs (difficulty swallowing, visual problems) are referred to a BULBAR signs.
From where should the nurse talk to the client?
The entrance to the room
When giving a bed bath, on which body party should the nurse begin to work?
The eyes
What part of the body is most affected by Raynaud's?
The fingers
From where should the nurse provide care to the client with cesium implant?
The head of the bed
What blood value will dictate IV flow rate?
The hematocrit
Where does the organism that causes mastitis come from?
The infant's nose or mouth
Where do the emboli that cause pulmonary embolus usually come from?
The legs
What is cleft lip?
The lip is open to the nares
What anatomical fact accounts for the left side of the body being controlled by the right brain?
The motor-pyramidal-tracts cross over to the other side (decussate in the medulla)
When a client voices embarrassment over the noises that their colostomy makes on the first post-op day, what would you say?
The noise will go away in a few days to a week.
What is the most challenging aspect of combination of drug therapy for HIV disease?
The number of pills that must be taken in 24 hours can be overwhelming. The frequency also makes it hard to remember-an alarm wristwatch is used.
What is the first phase in acute renal failure?
The oliguric phase
What is the most RELIABLE or VALID indication that a woman is in labor?
The onset of regular contractions that result in progressive dilation/effacement of the cervix
What part of your hand do you use to handle a wet cast?
The palm
If a patient has MG, what will be the results of the Tensilon Test?
The patient will show a dramatic sudden increase in muscle strength
What is methionine?
The precursor of the amino acid cystine (precursor = material out of which something is made)
Which vital signs are most important to measure in clients with aneurysm?
The pulse and blood pressure
Peritoneal Dialysis (PD)
The removal of wastes, electrolytes and fluids from the body using peritoneum as dialysis membrane
What factor is present in the blood when the client has rheumatoid arthritis?
The rheumatoid factor
What is cleft palate?
The roof of the mouth is open to the nasopharynx.
What structures are involved in acne vulgaris?
The sebaceous glands
What is the best indicator of renal function?
The serum creatinine
What organ will be enlarged in polycythemia vera?
The spleen, because it is destroying the excessive RBC's.
What does pre-icteric mean?
The stage BEFORE the patient exhibits jaundice.
Sensitivity (susceptibility) means...
The susceptibility of an organism to the bacterial action of a particular agent
How will you know the patient has entered the fluid mobilization or diuretic phase?
The urine output will increase
What is ECT?
The use of electrical shock current delivered to the brain to induce a seizure that treats depression.
What happens when patients with pernicious anemia don't absorb Vitamin B-12?
Their RBC's do not mature and they become seriously anemic.
Victims of rape often blame ___________.
Themselves
Why is the child with CF receiving pancreas/viokase/pancreatin?
They are enzymes which aid absorption of nutrients.
What affect do oral contraceptives have on ovarian cysts?
They cause it to stop growing and decrease in size.
Why do the crescent-shaped RBCs cause occlusion of the vessels?
They clump together and create a sludge.
An infant is given a score of 0 for respiratory effort if __________.
They do not breathe
Why are doctors cautious in using antiemetics to treat hyperemesis gravidarum?
They don't want to harm the fetus
What can happen if the client with COPD is given a high flow rate of O2?
They may stop breathing
What is the most important thing to remember about giving Mestinon and other anticholestinerases?
They must be given EXACTLY ON TIME; at home, they might need to set their alarm
What do NRTI's and PI's do?
They prevent viral replication
The feedings for an infant with pyloric stenosis should be thick or thin?
Thickened
In what trimester does Abruptio Placenta most commonly occur?
Third
In which trimester does the woman most feel backache?
Third
Which trimester do Braxton-Hicks contractions begin?
Third
Of first, second and third degree burns which has less pain? Why?
Third degree burns, nerve damage has occured
Scoliosis is MOST common in the _______ and ______ sections of the spinal column.
Thoracic and lumbar
Which patients should be forbidden to smoke? Smoke alone?
Those with oxygen in the room, confused, sleepy, drugged clients
You should tell the client with CHF to immediately report to his/her doctor if he/she gains _____pounds in one week.
Three
What type of pain is typical of migraines?
Throbbing
What is another name for Buerger's disease?
Thromboangiitis obliterans
Name the 3 hematologic side effects of chemotherapy.
Thrombocytopenia Leukopenia Anemia
If a woman doesn't stop oral contraceptives one week before surgery she is at risk for developing______.
Thrombophlebitis
Patients in Russell's traction are particularly prone to ____________.
Thrombophlebitis
What are two major complications of a hysterectomy besides hemorrhage?
Thrombus and pulmonary embolus Urinary retention
per-
Throughout, completely, a large amount
What should a woman do if she forgets to take her pill for 3 days or more?
Throw away pack and start new pack same day. use back-up contraceptive method for 7 days
What surgery CAN be done for MG?
Thymectomy (removal of thymus)
What are the 3 principles the nurse uses to protect self when caring for a client with a sealed radioactive implant?
Time, distance, shielding
What solution is put onto the skin to protect it from the irritating effects of the tape?
Tincture of benzoin
What solution should be used on the skin where the brace rubs?
Tincture of benzoin or alcohol,no lotions of ointments-you want to toughen the skin not soften it
What is the most common use for anticholinergics in the eye?
To cause cycloplegia Dilation Allowing eye exam
-sect
To cut
Why is morphine given to clients with pulmonary edema?
To decrease apprehension and decrease preload, this rests the heart
Why are Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) and prednisone given during acute MS?
To decrease edema in the demyelination process
What is the major function of the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle?
To develop and maintain the corpus luteum which produces progesterone to maintain pregnancy until placenta is established.
For what purpose do you use the rule of nines?
To estimate the percentage of total body surface area burned (TBSA); is NOT used for children.
Why is digitalis given to women with CD of pregnancy?
To increase the strength of the heart and to decrease the rate, rest the heart while making it more efficient
What is the primary purpose of a 3 way continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) after TURP?
To keep the catheter clear of clots and to drain urine
Contaminate (Define)
To make something unclean or unsterile
What are the 2 purposes of a spinal tap?
To measure or relieve pressure and obtain a CSF sample
What is the purpose of restricting activity after spinal tap?
To prevent headache due to CSF loss
What is the reason for giving post MI patients ASA?
To prevent platelets from forming clots in the coronary arteries
What is the major objective in caring for a client after surgical cataract removal?
To prevent pressure in or on the eyes
What is the purpose of a Logan Bow?
To prevent stress on the suture line
Why are anticoagulants (heparin only) given to women with CD of pregnancy?
To prevent thrombophlebitis due to venous congestion, usually in legs.
When Inderal is given in migraine headache, it is used to prevent or treat an attack?
To prevent. It DOES NOT treat.
Why are diuretics given to women with CD of pregnancy?
To promote diuresis which will: -lower circulating blood volume -decrease preload -decrease the amount of blood the heart pumps.
Give the 2 major roles of the family in society
To protect and socialize
If epiglottitis is suspected, what should the parents be told?
To take the child to the ER as soon as possible.
How is the catheter taped in a male client?
To the lateral thigh or abdomen
Which way would you turn the client hear to suction the right mainstem bronchus? The left mainstem bronchus?
To the left, to the right
In the recovery room the head should be ....
To the side with the cheek & neck extended slightly down
How is the catheter taped in a female client?
To the upper thigh
18 months to 3 years
Toddler
Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt
Toddler
Give choices
Toddler
Says "no"
Toddler
What is meant when the physician/nurse use the terms total (complete) or partial (incomplete) in reference to placenta previa?
Total or complete: placenta covers whole cervical opening Partial or incomplete: placenta covers only part of the cervical opening
To get a 0 on color the infant is
Totally blue, pale
To score a maximum score fo 2 on color the child must be ____________.
Totally pink
To remove tape always pull (toward/away) from the wound.
Toward (this way you don't put pressure/pull on the suture line.)
Methotrexate
Toxic to just about every organ except to heart, toxicity made worse with aspirin
Dunlop's traction
Traction that is applied to upper extremity for fractures of elbow and humerous. Dunlop's traction is used on children with certain fractures of the upper arm, when the arm must be kept in a flexed position to prevent problems with the circulation and nerves around the elbow. horizontal traction is used to align fractures of the humerus; vertical traction maintains the forearm in proper alignment.
What is a TIA?
Transient Ischemic Attack Warning sign of impending CVA (transient neurologic deficits of any kind can last 30 seconds to 24 hours)
In the chain of infection, hand washing breaks the mode of ____________.
Transmission
What does TURP stand for?
Transurethral resection of the prostate
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Treat glaucoma Decreases aqueous humor production Diuresis Diamox is an example
What organism causes syphilis?
Treponema palladium
What serum protein rises soonest after myocardial cell injury?
Troponin
A drug given by a parenteral route acts outside the GI tract. (T/F)
True
A second-degree burn has vesicles? (T/F)
True
As soon as Placenta Previa is diagnosed, most pregnancies will be terminated via C-section if the fetus is mature. (T/F)
True
CHF can result from MI. (T/F)
True
Chancres disappear without treatment. (T/F)
True
Cigarette smoking increases the risk of heart disease. (T/F)
True
Clients with a Milwaukee brace should avoid vigorous exercise. (T/F)
True
Elastic stockings should be removed for the bath. (T/F)
True
Family history of diabetes increases the risk fo heart disease. (T/F)
True
Hormones of pregnancy work against insulin. (T/F)
True
Hypertension is often fatal if untreated. (T/F)
True
If the mother has an open abscess on her breast, must not breast-feed. (T/F)
True
In America, the family is the basic unit of society. (T/F)
True
In general, males have a higher risk of heart disease than females. (T/F)
True
In general, the nurse should wear gloves when applying skin preparations such as lotions. (T/F)
True
In order to leave drugs at the bedside you must have a physician's order. (T/F)
True
Is it permissible to give lidocaine viscous ac (before meals) if the patient has chemotherapeutic stomatosis? (T/F)
True
MS can lead to impotence in males. (T/F)
True
MS can lead to urinary incontinence. (T/F)
True
Males are more likely to get an MI than females. (T/F)
True
Neoplasm refers to benign and malignant tumors. (T/F)
True
Obesity increases risk of CVA (T/F)
True
Obesity increases the risk of hypertension. (T/F)
True
Osteoarthritis is most commonly caused by the wear and tear of life. (T/F)
True
PCA pumps allow a more constant level of serum drug than conventional analgesia. (T/F)
True
Preschoolers may require physical restraint during painful procedures. (T/F)
True
Rectal suppositories with an oil base should be kept refrigerated. (T/F)
True
Routine exercise decreases the risk of heart disease. (T/F)
True
Smoking increases the risk of CVA. (T/F)
True
Some women experience discomfort when wearing contact lenses during pregnancy or menstrual periods. (T/F)
True
Spinal cord injuries are more common in males. (T/F)
True
Sterile gloved hands must always be kept above the waist. (T/F)
True
Surgical aseptic techniques render and keep articles free from all organisms. (T/F)
True
Syphilis is a fatal disease if untreated. (T/F)
True
Syphilis is sexually transmiteed. (T/F)
True
T/F: AIDS patients get lymphomas?
True
The hair loss due to chemotherapy is usually temporary? (T/F)
True
The woman must avoid sexual intercourse if PROM has occurred. (T/F)
True
Toddlers may require physical restraint for painful procedures. (T/F)
True
Use of oral contraceptives increases the risk of CVA (T/F).
True
When putting on the first glove of a set of sterile gloves, you should grasp the cuff. (T/F)
True
When putting on the second glove of a set of sterile gloves, you must not use the thumb of the first hand. (T/F)
True
You must never turn your back to a sterile field. (T/F)
True
Water is present in ALL body tissues. (T/F)
True (even bone)
Subcutaneous injection must be given at 45 degrees. (T/F)
True (for boards), false- whatever angle gets it SQ without going IM
The client on a PCA pump is less likely to have post-operative complications than the client without a PCA pump. (T/F)
True, because the comfortable patient moves around more and is less likely to get thrombophlebitis, pulmonary embolus, fatigue, ileus and pneumonia
When a dressing saturated, germs can enter the wound from the outside. (T/F)
True, by a process called capillary action
Medical aseptic technique are aimed at reducing the number of organisms (T/F)
True, doesn't eliminate all of it just decreases the number
Clients with COPD are not good candidates for PCA pumps. (T/F)
True, due to the effects of narcotics on central respiratory control
Atrial fibrillation increases the risk of CVA (T/F)
True, emboli particularly
A suppository given rectally must be lubricated with a water soluble lubricant. (T/F)
True, lubricant fingers also
It is common practice to regard the edges of any sterile field as contaminated. (T/F)
True, the outer 1 inch is considered contaminated. You must not touch it with your sterile gloves.
Oral hypoglycemics should never be used during pregnancy. (T/F)
True, they cause birth defects (teratogenic)
CHF can be right-sided, left sided or both-sided. (T/F)
True- left sided usually comes FIRST
People with sickle cell TRAIT only carry the disease, they DO NOT have symptoms. (T/F)
True-usually it has occurred that in times of SEVERE stress, the TRAIT does cause some symptoms but not usually.
Increasing fluids to over 3000 cc per day is more effective in treating renal calculi ( kidney stones) than any dietary modification. (T/F)
True. It's more important to flush the urinary tract than worry about what you're eating.
What instructions are MOST important to give a client during an EEG?
Try not to move
-oma
Tumor
When changing central line tubing the patient should be told to_________?
Turn his head away from the site, hold breath, and perform the Valsalva maneuver
How often should a woman visit the doctor prenatally if diabetes is present?
Twice a month, then once per week in the 3rd trimester
What does torsion of an ovarian cyst mean?
Twisting of cyst with interruption of its blood supply
In how many surgeries is cleft palate repaired?
Two surgeries one at 12 to 18 months the last at 4 to 5 years
Accurate blood pressure is obtained by using a cuff that has width of __________ of the arm.
Two-thirds
What blood test must be done before a transfusion?
Type and cross match
What is the most common problem due to catheterization?
UTI
What is the best and safest way to confirm placenta previa?
Ultrasound
When a patient is in a Buck's traction they may turn to the _________ side.
Unaffected
The client is (awake/under local anesthesia/under general anesthesia) during ECT?
Under general anesthesia -- must be artificially ventilated
Insight means the ability of the patient to ________his problem.
Understand
Which type of tumor is more malignant? Differentiated or undifferentiated?
Undifferentiated is worse to have (highly differentiated is better to have)
Are migraine headaches usually unilateral or bilateral?
Unilateral
What is the most common sign of fallopian tube ectopic pregnancy?
Unilateral pelvic pain
How long will the patient with meningitis be on these precautions?
Until they have been on an antibiotic for 48 hours
In hemophilia, the PTT is (up/down), the coagulation or clotting time is (up/down) and the platelet count is (up/down).
Up (increased or longer) Up (increased or longer) Neither (hemophilia does not affect platelets)
To straighten the ear canal in the ADULT, the nurse should pull the pinna______ and ________.
Up and back
What is the most common route for organisms to enter the blader when a catheterization is used?
Up through the inside of the catheter in the days following catheterization
What test is done to confirm a diagnosis of pyloric stenosis?
Upper GI series (barium swallow)
What drug can be given to treat urinary retention in MS?
Urecholine, Bethanocol
As the prostate enlarges it compresses the ___________ and causes urinary ________.
Urethra, rentention
Due to increased destruction of RBC's seen in polycythemia vera what blood level will be increased?
Uric acid levels will be high (remember - uric acid levels are always high when cells are being destroyed as in hemolysis, chemotherapy or radiation therapy)
Give three appropriate indications for bladder catheterization?
Urinary retention, to check for residual, to monitor hourly output
In later stages of hepatitis, the ______ turns dark.
Urine
If a transfusion reaction is suspected, what two samples are collected and sent to the lab?
Urine & blood
List ways to ensure privacy...
Use drapes and screens during care in semi-private rooms
Describe the hygiene measures the you teach the patient receiving external radiotherapy?
Use plain water only, no soaps, pat dry, can use cornstarch for itch
-ase
Used in naming enzymes
How is an infant delivered when Abruptio Placenta is present?
Usually C-section
Is otitis a disease of the adult or child?
Usually the child
What is Hegar's sign?
Uterine softening
Hemophilia A is a deficiency of Factor # __________.
VIII
What drugs are most commonly given before cystoscopy?
Valium or demerol
What three drugs can be given for muscle spasms?
Valium, Baclofen (Lioresal), Dantrium
Name 3 drugs used to treat spasms.
Valium, Baclofen, Dantrium
What organism causes shingles?
Varicella--herpes zoster
The most common type of crisis that occurs is a ______-______ crisis.
Vaso-occlusive
Buerger's disease (thromboangiitis obliterans) interventions
Vasodilating drugs, such as nifedipine (Procardia); management of ulceration and gangrene; chronic pain management modalities.
Would vasodilators or vasoconstrictors treat hypertension?
Vasodilators (decreases resistance)
The preferred IM injection site for children under 3 is the _________ ___________.
Vastus lateralis
What causes thrombophlebitis after hysterectomy?
Venous stasis in the abdomen (the woman was in the vaginal lithotomy position for hours)
When cardiac output fails, name three ways the heart will try to compensate.
Ventricle hypertrophy Dilate and heart rate will increase
What common household solution is used to remove nits?
Vinegar. Nits are the eggs of lice that adhere to the hair shaft
Hepatitis A,B,C and D are all (bacterial/viral) diseases.
Viral
Meningitis can be caused by _______, _____, and _____.
Viruses, bacteria, chemicals
What should the nurse measure before starting a transfusion?
Vital signs
Accutane is an analog of which vitamin?
Vitamin A
Name 3 drugs given for acne?
Vitamin A, Antibiotics, Retinoids
What vitamin is not absorbed in a patient with pernicious anemia?
Vitamin B-12
Malabsorption of which vitamin leads to bleeding disorder?
Vitamin K, remember do not mix up potassium with Vitamin K
Before administering vaginal medications the client is more comfortable if you ask them to _________ .
Void
What two discomforts are common during an EGD?
Vomiting Gagging
What blood count is elevated in appendicitis?
WBC
Micro-organisms grow best in a _______, _______, _______place.
Warm, dark, moist
If a unit of blood is infused through a central line it must be__________.
Warmed
Before allowing the dialysate to flow into the peritoneal cavity it must be _____ to _____ temperature.
Warmed, body
How warm should the irrigation solution be?
Warmer than body temperature, ie, 99-100F
What should the client do after an EEG?
Wash their hair
After you remove soiled dressings and before you put on the sterile dressing you must....
Wash your hands and put on sterile gloves
Hepatitis B
Watch those needles HBsAg (this is what blood tests show) Hepatitis B surface antigen HBIG - vaccine Vaccination available, can give immune globulin after exposure Transmitted by blood and body fluids Incubates 5 to 35 weks
Hepatitis C
Watch those needles Incubates 2 to 23 weeks Transmitted by blood only No vaccine, immune globulin doesn't work
What will you find when you assess the legs of these patients?
Weak/absent pulses, cool, pale, loss of hair, shiny thin skin
When the patient is receiving radioactive iodine what precautions is/are most important?
Wear gloves while in possible contact with urine, special precautions taken to dispose of the urine.
Before PD it is important the client be...
Weighed, to assess water loss or gain
Second to rest, what is very important treatment for CD of pregnancy?
Weight control
A sign of gestational diabetes is excessive (weight gain/weight loss)
Weight gain
What test confirms the ELISA?
Western Blot
A Second degree-burn is wet or dry?
Wet
When using silver nitrate, the dressings must be kept __________.
Wet
What grains are not allowed in a gluten-free diet?
Wheat Oats Rye Alfalfa Barley
When does a nuclear family become an extended family?
When aunts or uncles or grandparents live with the family
When is insulin used in the treatment of gestatinal diabetes?
When dietary control does not keep the blood sugar within normal limits
When can an EGD client begin to eat after the test?
When gagg reflex returns (knocked out with xylocaine)
How often should the client's airway be suctioned?
When it needs to be, for example moist lung sounds, tachycardia, restlessness (hypoxia), ineffective cough
What is conservation? In what stage does it develop?
When the child realized that number, weight, volume remain the same even when outward appearances change; Concrete Operational
What does lightening mean?
When the fetal head descends into the pelvis
When will the artificial airway be removed in the recovery room?
When the gag reflex returns
What does self-disclosure mean?
When the nurse tells the patient personal information about self.
What is the icteric stage?
When the patient exhibits jaundice.
What behavior on the part of the client is the BEST indicator that they have accepted their stoma?
When they do their own stoma care
When does typing and cross matching need to be done?
Whenever a client is to get a blood product. It is only good for 24 hours.
What does a type and cross match indicate?
Whether the client's blood and donor blood are compatible.
The suction should be delivered while (inserting/removing) the catheter.
While removing the catheter
A dry cast is gray or white?
White
A third-degree burn is white or red?
White
What blood cell is low in leukopenia?
White blood cells
Of milled bread, enriched bread, fortified bread and whole grain bread; which is highest in fiber?
Whole grain
Patients with MS should be taught to walk with a ____-____ gait.
Wide based
Levodopa should be given with or without food?
With
Do you give anticholestinerases with or without food?
With food, about 1/2 hour ac; giving ac helps strengthen muscles of swallowing
When should the child with CF take his pancreatin/viokase/pancreas?
With meals, so it is in the gut while the food is present, the whole purpose is to increase absorption of ingested food.
When is a febrile reaction likely to occur?
Within 30 minutes of beginning the transfusion
Does Meniere's occur more in men or women?
Women
Which sex has a higher incidence of otosclerosis?
Women
Raynaud's affects males or females mostly?
Women (young)
-gram; -graphy
Write; record
What test/exam CONFIRMS the diagnosis of scoliosis?
X-rays of the spine
What drug is given to anesthetize the pharynx?
Xylocaine (a local anesthetic)
Are diuretics used for women with pre-eclampsia?
Yes
Are eggs allowed on a gluten-free diet?
Yes
Are enemas common before a hysterectomy?
Yes
Can an EGD be done on clients with GI bleeding?
Yes
Can cleft lip /palate babies sleep on their backs?
Yes
Can post-operative pain medications be given in the recovery room?
Yes
Can pregnancy convert a non-diabetic woman into a diabetic?
Yes
Can skin traction be removed for skin care?
Yes
Can the client turn side-to-side after a spinal tap?
Yes
Can the stroke victim be turned side-to-side?
Yes
Do hearing aids help in otosclerosis?
Yes
Do patients experiencing a CVA have a headache?
Yes
Do people have a loss of hearing with otosclerosis?
Yes
Do you need an informed consent for a spinal tap?
Yes
Is CF hereditary?
Yes
Is I&O important to record during PD?
Yes
Is O2 given in pulmonary edema?
Yes
Is a signed informed consent required for cystoscopy?
Yes
Is an informed consent necessary for ECT?
Yes
Is it okay to use powder with TED hose?
Yes
Is milk allowed on a gluten-free diet?
Yes
Is the woman likely to have a foley catheter in after a hysterectomy?
Yes
Should the client wash his hair before an EEG?
Yes
Should you raise the HOB to increase drainage of the dialysate?
Yes
Will the patient with meningitis have a headache?
Yes
Will the woman with a cesium implant have a foley?
Yes
Does AIDS require a single room?
Yes - if WBC counts are low
Have intrauterine devices to prevent pregnancy ever been linked to ectopic pregnancy?
Yes and so have pelvic infections.
Are fats a normal constituent of feces?
Yes but it should be WNL
Can letting IVs run too fast cause pulmonary edema?
Yes in the client with poor cardiovascular function
Can a client on PD: Sit in a chair? Eat? Urinate? Defacate?
Yes to all
Is bed rest necessary when a woman has cesium implant in place?
Yes, absolute bed rest
Will breakthrough bleeding, nausea and vomiting and breast tenderness go away when a woman is on oral contraceptives?
Yes, after about 3-6 months of treatment.
Is an EGD a fasting procedure?
Yes, after midnight
Should a woman with placenta previa be hospitalized?
Yes, always if bleeding
Will the client with pyelonephritis have daily weights?
Yes, as would any client with kidney problem
Can the patient with spinal cord injury at C7 level have respiratory arrest?
Yes, because even thought his injury was below C4, spinal shock can lead to loss function above the level, however the will not be permanently ventilator dependent-he will breath on when once spinal shock goes away.
Should hearing aids be removed before going for surgery?
Yes, but just before surgery
HIV is present in all body fluids?
Yes, but not transmitted by all, only blood, semen and breast milk
Are meats allowed on a gluten-free diet?
Yes, but watch for breaded meats and hot dogs/lunch meats- may have grain in them and are not allowed
Should side rails be up after stapedectomy ?
Yes, client may feel dizzy
Should the client drink after a spinal tap?
Yes, encourage fluids to replace CSF
Can morphine be given to a woman with CD during labor?
Yes, even though it negatively affects the fetus, remember morphine decreases preload and pain which rests the heart.
Should you allow an obsessive-compulsive person perform their compulsive behavior?
Yes, give them time to do their ritual and try to set limit and redirect
If a women on oral contraceptives misses a period, should she still take pills?
Yes, however, if 2 missed periods occur,stop and have a pregnancy test.
Is there anything that can be done for the client with a ruptured aneurysm before they get to the operating room?
Yes, if available you can get them into antishock trousers but not if this causes a delay in getting them to the operating room
Can a woman with CD of pregnancy be given analgesics during labor?
Yes, in fact they should be given analgesics, may get too anxious which is bad for the patient
Do you assess for suicide potential whenever a patient makes any statement about wanting to die or kill self?
Yes, in fact whenever a patient makes a statement about wishing or wanting to die or kill self you must ALWAYS AND FIRST assess for suicide potential*-stop everything and assess for suicide patient (except CPR, or course)
Has hyperemesis gravidarum ever been associated with mixed feelings about pregnancy?
Yes, increased incidence of it in women who are ambivalent about pregnancy
Are nurses permitted to give perineal care to clients of the opposite sex?
Yes, nurses are permitted to give perineal care to clients of the opposite sex.
Should clients with CHF have a Foley catheter?
Yes, on diuretics and fluid balance is important
Can the woman with a cesium implant have the HOB elevated?
Yes, only 45 degrees maximum
Can too tight bras lead to mastitis?
Yes, preventing emptying of ducts
Are rest periods and range of motion exercises appropriate in the care of osteoarthritis?
Yes, rest is probably the most effective thing they can do.
Does breast engorgement interfere with nursing?
Yes, the infant has a difficult time latching on (getting nipple in its mouth)
Does anything exit the skin in an AV shunt?
Yes, the plastic tube that connects the artery and vein outside the arm
Do people recover from AGN?
Yes, the vast majority of all clients recover completely from it
Should children with cleft palate BEFORE surgery be allowed to cry? To breast-feed?
Yes, they can cry; may breast feed with simple cleft lip however palate interferes with feeding
Do clients in hypovolemic shock have to have a Foley inserted?
Yes, to measure urine output (when output is >30 cc per hour the shock has resolved)
Can AIDS patients leave the floor?
Yes, unless WBC's are very low
Does client need to have side rails up after EGD?
Yes, until sedative effects of valium have worn off
Can impaired skin integrity ever be an appropriate nursing diagnosis when poisoning has occurred?
Yes, when lye or caustic agents have been ingested
In the emergent phase do you cover burns? (in the field)
Yes, with anything clean and dry.
Is the client sedated before EGD?
Yes, with valium (diazepam) or another sedative
Is it possible to have only one: cleft lip or cleft palate?
Yes, you can have one or or the other or both
Should caffeine be limited before an EEG?
Yes. It should be eliminated for 24 hours before the test.
What is the advantage of balanced counteraction?
You can easily move the patient around in bed
In addition to the things you assess for in every woman during labor, what additional assessment must you make for a woman with CD?
You must assess lungs sounds frequently
What is meant be the phrase "advance the drain 1 inch"?
You pull the drain out 1 inch.
How do you calculate the pulse pressure?
You subtract the diastolic from systolic
How many days of the menstrual cycle do you take the combination pill?
You take it on days 5-24, but not on days 24-28 and 1-4 (8 days off)
When women get MG they are usually old or young?
Young
18 to 25 years
Young Adult
Intimacy vs Isolation
Young adult
At what age is death most likely in sickle cell anemia?
Young adulthood
What age group should be routinely screened for scoliosis?
Young teens
In order to score a 0 on HR the infant must have a rate of _________.
Zero
The most common symptom of abdominal aneurysm is:
a pulsating mass above the umbilicus
Naegele's Rule
add 7 days to first day of LMP, subtract 3 months, and add 1 year
List the most common gynecologic symptom of anorexia nervosa?
amenorrhea
The best goal to evaluate the progress of the client with anorexia nervosa?
an adequate weight gain
NRTI (nucleoside reverse transcriptease inhibitors)
an antiviral drug used against HIV (is incorporated into the DNA of the virus and stops the building process; results in incomplete DNA that cannot create a new virus; often used in combination with other drugs)
When is apgar scoring performed on infants?
at one minute and again at 5 minutes after the birth
When the AIDS patient has a low platelet count, what is indicated?
bleeding precautions; No IM's, no rectal temperatures, other bleeding precautions
AIDS is trasmissible through what four routs?
blood, sexual contact, breast feeding, across placenta in utero
After appendectomy, document in the nurses notes the return of __________
bowel sounds (peristalsis)
If a child swallows a potentially poisonous substance, what should be done first?
call medical help
Hemolytic transfusion reaction
caused by blood type or Rh incompatibility
If you care for a client who is post-op for a repair of a femoral popliteal resection what assessment must you make every hour for the first 24 hours?
check the distal extremity (far from center) for color, temperature, pain and PULSE, also MUST document
What other disease is related to shingles?
chickenpox
febrile transfusion reaction S/S
chills, tachycardia, fever, hypotension, and tachypnea
diabetes insipidus (DI)
condition caused by insufficient antidiuretic hormone secreted by posterior lobe of pituitary gland; symptoms include polyuria and polydipsia. Polyuria is a primary symptom of diabetes insipidus, with urine output more than 3 L/day. These clients have decreased or absent vasopressin secretion, which causes water loss in the urine and increased serum sodium.
What should the client avoid post-stapedectomy?
coughing sneezing blowing nose swimming showers flying
Describe the pain of angina pectoris
crushing substernal chest pain that may radiate
How often should a stump be washed?
daily
Define Leukopenia
decrease in wbc, indicated viral infection
In BPH the force of the urinary stream is (increased/decreased).
decreased
If an aneurysm is ruptured how would you know it?
decreased LOC (restlessness), tachycardia, hypotension - all signs of shock
"Time is too short to start another life, though I wish I could," is an example of ___________.
despair
A client with chronic renal failure (CRF) is learning to perform peritoneal dialysis at home. The nurse instructs the client to warm the dialyzing solution to 37 degrees Celsius so that it will __________?
dilate peritoneal vessels, which increases urea clearance Warmed dialyzing solution also contributes to client comfort by preventing cold sensations, but this is a secondary reason for warming the solution.
What is the action of nitro?
dilates coronary arteries to increase blood supply (O2 supply) and reduces preload.
When a stump is wrapped, the bandage should be tightest _____________ and loosest _____________.
distally (far from the center), proximally (neareast to the point)
Children at highest risk for seizure activity after ingestion are those who have swallowed _____________ and ______________.
drugs, insecticides
What are the three adult stages of development called
early adulthood, middle adulthood and later adulthood
To prevent post-op swelling, the stump should be __________.
elevated
The most concentrated source of energy for the body is ___________.
fats
Anorexics are usually __________ under the age of _____.
females, 25
Hemolytic transfusion reaction S/S
fever, chills, or life threatening disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and circulatory collapse Other symptoms include: • Apprehension • Headache • Chest pain • Low back pain • Tachycardia • Tachypnea • Hypotension • Hemoglobinuria • A sense of impending doom
The #1 contracture problem in AKA is ____________ of the _____________
flexion, hip
Should fluids be forced or restricted in BPH?
forced
The man with BPH has a _________-stream of urine
forked
Descending Colostomy
formed stool typical stool odor stool doesn't irrigate unless diarrhea predictable 2 to 3 times per day emptying lowest risk for fluid/electrolyte imbalances continent do irrigate
To lessen pain place the client in ___________ position.
fowlers (a sitting position) (also use post op)
As with any inflammatory disease clients with rheumatoid arthritis have a low-_________.
grade fever
On the HR criteria an infant scores a "1" if their HR is _________ than 0 and ____________ 100
greater, less than
What are the top 2 side effects of nitro?
headache and hypotension
Children with cleft lip and cleft palate have long-term problems _____, _____ and _____.
hearing speech teeth
Never apply __________ to the area of the appendix.
heat (it causes rupture)
An elderly client is a (high/low) risk for accidental poisoning? What about a school age child?
high - due to poor eyesight, high
When will phantom limb sensation subside?
in a few months
A 10 on the apgar means the baby is
in terrific health
In BPH the man has (increased/decreased) frequency of urination?
increased
An aneurysm can result from an _____________ and from ____________.
infection, syphilis
Peritonitis
inflammation of the peritoneum
Apendicitis is an _________ of the appendix due to __________.
inflammation, obstruction
What is the top priority in the care of the client with anorexia nervosa?
intake of enough food to keep them alive, have them gain weight
A 0 on the apgar means the baby
is stillborn
During pregnancy what complications is most dangerous for the fetus of a diabetic?
ketosis
What two joints are most commonly affected in osteoarthritis?
knee and hip
What is found over the body of the client with anorexia nervosa?
lanugo (soft downy hair)
Illeostomy
liquid stool odor mild stool very damaging to the skin continuous drainage high risk for fluid/electrolyte imbalances incontinent never irrigate
Clients with AIDS (gain/lose) weight?
lose
At what age does BPH occur?
men over 50 years of age
Cushings Man aka Cush Man
moon face with infection buffalo hump on back big trunk thin extremities loses potassium keeps glucose and salt has striations on abdomen and breasts
Individuals who are ill are ________ sensitive to noise than individuals who are well.
more
PI's (Protease inhibitors)
most potent of antiviral meds, inhibit cell protein synthesis that interferes with viral replication, does not cure but slows progression of AIDS and prolongs life, used prophylactically, used in AIDS to decrease viral load and opportunistic infections
Define azotemia?
nitrogenous wastes in the blood (increased creatinine, BUN)
Will the patient be able to close their eye on the affected side of Bell's Palsy?
no
Are all articles used by AIDS patients double-bagged?
no - only those contaminated with secretions
If the client with aneurysm is physically unstable, should you encourage turning, coughing and deep breathing?
no, bedrest until the client is stable!
To test amniotic fluid the nurse should check the ________ of the fluid.
pH
Before the client with suspected appendicitis sees the physician what should be avoided?
pain meds, enemas, laxatives, food! NPO
If after a right BKA, the client c/o pain in his right tow, he is experiencing _____________.
phantom limb sensation (which is normal)
If the patient had an AKA they should lie ____________ several times per day.
prone (to prevent flexion contracture)
If the AIDS patient has leukopenia they will be on _____________ ________________.
protective (reverse) isolation
The nutrient needed most for growth and repair of tissues is _____________.
protein (second best is Vit C)
When the body does not receive enough carbs it burns ___________ and _____________.
protein, fat
Name ways to toughen a stump so it will not breakdown due to the wear of the prosthetic leg?
push the stump against the wall, hitting it with a pillow
What is the apgar scale?
quick objective way to evaluate the vital functions of the newborn
What is the first sign of appendicitis?
right upper quadrant pain
Kaposi's sarcoma is a cancer of the ___________.
skin
Transverse Colostomy
soft stool typical stool odor stool damages the skin empties several times per day may or may not be at risk for fluid/electrolytes imbalances may irrigate
By what route do you take nitro?
sublingual
Burns of various depths
superficial (sun burns, flash burns): pink to red, mild edema, pain superficial partial-thickness (scalds, flames, brief contact with hot objects): pink to red, mild to moderate edema, pain, blisters deep partial-thickness (scalds, flames, prolonged contact with hot objects, tar, grease, chemicals): red to white, moderate edema, pain, eschar (soft & dry) full-thickness (scalds, flames, prolonged contact with hot objects, tar, grease, chemicals, electricity): black, brown, yellow, white, red, severe edema, pain & no pain, eschar (hard & inelastic), grafts needed deep full-thickness (flames, electricity, grease, tar, chemicals): black, no edema, no pain (due to nerve damage), grafts required
What is the only treatment recommended for appendicitis?
surgery - appendectomy
In addition to the facial paralysis, the sense of ______ is also affected in Bell's Palsy.
taste
Which aneurysm is most likely to have no symptoms?
the abdominal is most often "silent"
What artery is widened in a thoracic aneurysm?
the aorta
How do you tell if a client has angina or an MI?
the pain of the two is similar, the way to tell the difference is if nitro and rest relieve the pain. For angina, nitro and rest relieve the pain, for MI, nitro and rest do not relieve the pain
An aneurysm will most affect which of the following, the blood pressure or the pusle?
the pulse (many times the aneurysm will rupture and much blood will be lost before the blood pressure starts to change.
When taking a child to the ER after accidental poisoning has occurred what must accompany the child to the ER?
the suspected poison
Syrups and elixirs are of particular concern to diabetic clients because....
they contain sugars
How often should the client with acne wash his face each day?
twice a day
allergic (anaphylactic) reaction to transfusion S/S
urticaria, pruritus (itching), bronchospasm, or anaphylaxis Hives- wheezing, joint pain, (arthralgia)
Bryant's traction
used following surgery to correct a congenital hip deformity. The child's legs are wrapped with moleskin tape and adhesive elastic bandages, which are connected to the traction's ropes and weights. The tension stabilizes the end of the femur in the hip socket as the site heals.
How is the bleeding of Abruptio Placenta different from that in placenta previa?
usually pain; bleeding is more voluminous in previa
What precaution must the nurse take when administering topical nitro paste?
wear gloves, nurse may get a dose of the med
An aneurysim is an abnormal _______________ of the wall of a(n) artery.
widening (it is also weakening)
Blood transfusion reactions usually occur when?
within the first 15-30 minutes of the transfusion
Can nurses be held liable for an accident resulting from a client not being told how to use the call light?
yes
Does stress make acne worse?
yes
Should you encourage fluids after cystoscopy?
yes
Will the client with a MI be nauseated?...diaphoretic?
yes, yes
