Nervous System
Dendrite
Conducts electrical currents toward the cell body
Cell Body
Location of the nucleus
Unipolar
Neurons in which dendritic and axonal processes are continuous and the soma lies off to one side are called
Neurons
Release neurotransmitters, are amiotic
Neuroglia
Support, insulate, and protect cells
Neurilemma
a layer of cells that covers the axons of peripheral neurons; concerned with nerve regeneration
Neuroglia
able to divide, therefore are responsible for most brain neoplasms
White Matter
anything with myelin unit, axons
Ganglia
clusters of cell bodies located in the PNS
Nuclei
clusters of cell bodies within the CNS
Astrocyte
common type of glial cell supports and protects the neurons; the cell helps form the blood-brain barrier
Neurons
demonstrate irritability and conductivity, and thus transmit electrical messages from one area of the body to another area
Axon
generally conducts impulses away from the cell body
Microglia
glial cells that engage in phagocytosis of pathogens and damaged tissue
Schwann Cells
glial cells that form the myelin sheath in the PNS
Myelin Sheath
increases the speed of impulse transmission
Neurons
nerve cells that transmit information as electrical signals
Neuroglia
nerve tissue that is called nerve glue, composed of astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, and ependymal cells
Multipolar
neurons that have several dendrites and a single axon a
Gray Matter
no myelin, cell bodies and dendrites
Bipolar
one dendrite and one axon
Voltage Gates
open with electrical charge from NA+ inside cell, axon
Chemical Gates
open with neurotransmitter, dendrites
Cell Body
part of neuron that contains the nucleus; dendrites bring information to this structure, and the axon carries information away from this structure
Axon Terminal
part of the axon where the neurotransmitters are stored
Axon
part of the neuron that transmits information away from the cell body
Nodes of Ranvier
short segments of the axonal membrane that are not covered by myelin sheath; allows for salutatory conduction of the nerve impulse
Dendrites
tree-like part of the neuron that receives information from another neuron and transmits that information toward the cell body
Ependymal Cell
type of glial cell that lines the inside cavities of the brain and helps form the cerebrospinal fluid
Myelin Sheath
white, fatty material that surrounds the axon; it increase the rate at which the electrical signal travels along the acon
