Nervous System TEST - HUMAN ANATOMY Ch. 14

Which part of the ANS is "fight or flight"?

sympathetic

What are the two divisions of the ANS?

sympathetic and parasympathetic

Which part of the PNS, the SNS (somatic motor system) or ANS, provides voluntary control over the skeletal muscle system?

the SNS

Which part of the PNS, SNS or ANS, provides INVOLUNTARY regulation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glandular secretion?

ANS

Does the efferent division of the PNS carries information TO or AWAY from the CNS?

AWAY

Do afferent neurons go up to the brain or down to the body?

Afferent neurons go up.

What kind of neuron is an interneuron?

Association neuron

Which cells, Schwann cell, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, microglial cells, or astrocytes, are star shaped?

Astrocytes

Which cells, Schwann cell, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, microglial cells, or astrocytes, are the largest and most numerous neuroglia?

Astrocytes

Which cells, Schwann cell, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, microglial cells, or astrocytes, create a structural framework for the CNS?

Astrocytes

Which neuroglia cells, Schwann cell, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, microglial cells, or astrocytes, perform repairs in damaged neural tissue?

Astrocytes

Where does action potential begin on unipolar neuron?

At base of dendrites

The visceral motor system is also known as....

Autonomic Nervous System

Do efferent neurons carry information toward or away from the CNS?

Away

What part of the neuron carries neural impulses?

Axon

Which part of the neuron sends neural impulses to another neuron or effector?

Axon terminals.

Afferent neurons of visual and auditory neurons are what kind of neuron - unipolar, bipolar, multipolar?

Bipolar

Unipolar neurons have dendrites and axon processes that are ___________________.

Continuous

What type of circuit - diverging, converging, or reverberating, collects information from body parts and enhances stimulation?

Converging Circuits

Which cells, Schwann cell, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, microglial cells, or astrocytes, are the smallest and rarest of the neuroglia in CNS?

Microglial cells

Which cells, Schwann cell, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, microglial cells, or astrocytes, have a phagocytosis function?

Microglial cells

Which part of the nervous system initiates response to information by carrying information of brain to effectors?

Motor Function

Most neurons of the CNS are what kind of neurons - unipolar, bipolar, or multipolar?

Multipolar

Where does the gray color come from in gray matter?

Nissl bodies

Which cells, Schwann cell, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, microglial cells, or astrocytes, form myelin sheath around axons of CNS?

Oligodendrocytes

Which cells, Schwann cell, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, microglial cells, or astrocytes, has one cell that forms myelin sheath of MULTIPLE axons?

Oligodendrocytes

Where are dendrites located on a multipolar neuron?

On the cell body

How many axons does a multipolar neuron have extending from cell body?

One

Are sensory neurons afferent or efferent?

afferent

Are motor neurons afferent or efferent?

efferent

Which part of the ANS is "rest and digest"?

parasympathetic

Are afferent nerves sensory or motor?

sensory Function

Neurons have a high metabolic rate. (T or F)

True

Neurons have good conductivity. (T or F)

True

Output is supported by efferent neurons. (T or F).

True

Oligodencrocytes are found in the CNS. (T or F).

True Schwann Cells are found in the PNS

Neurons are structurally classified as

Unipolar, bipolar, multipolar

Which sensory receptor, somatic or visceral, monitors internal conditions?

Visceral

Does the SNS provide voluntary or involuntary over skeletal muscle?

Voluntary

Are the brain and spinal cord a part of of the CNS or PNS?

CNS

Which part of the nervous system, CNS or PNS, integrates and coordinates sensory data and motor commands?

CNS

What are main two divisions of the nervous system?

CNS and PNS

Gray matter consists of...

Cell bodies, dendrites, unmyelinated axons

Which part of the neuron receives neural input?

Dendrites

Perineurium and Epineurium are made of what kind of connective tissue?

Dense irregular connective tissue

What type of circuit - diverging, converging, or reverberating, coordinates actions of whole body and have signals sent to all body parts?

Diverging Circuits

What are two divisions of the PNS?

Efferent and afferent. Afferent division: brings sensory information to the CNS Efferent division: carries motor commands from the CNS to muscles/glands/adipose tissue

What are the three layers that forms nerves?

Endoneurium Perineurium Epineurium

Which cells, Schwann cell, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, microglial cells, or astrocytes, forms the blood-CSF barrier?

Ependymal Cells

Which cells, Schwann cell, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, microglial cells, or astrocytes, forms the ependyma which produces CSF?

Ependymal Cells

What is the outermost layer of nerves that surrounds multiple fascicles?

Epineurium

The afferent division of the PNS carries information AWAY from the CNS. (T or F)

False - Afferent division carries information TO the CNS.

Neurons have no longevity. (T or F)

False - Neurons have EXTREME longevity.

The ANS provides voluntary control over smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glandular secretion. (T or F)

False - provides INVOLUNTARY control of those things.

Neurolemmocyte (schwann cells) are found in the CNS. (T or F)

False - they are found in the PNS. Oligodendrocytes are found in the CNS

All somatic motor neurons are bipolar. (T or F)

False - they are multipolar.

Bipolar neurons are long. (T or F)

False - they are relatively short

Interneurons of CNS do have axons. (T or F).

False - they do not have axons.

Neurons are mitotic. (T or F)

False. Neurons are non mitotic (do not divide)

What cell protects and supports neurons?

Glial Cells

Do afferent neurons provide input or output?

Input

Which part of the nervous system analyzes and processes sensory information?

Integrative Function

What type of circuit - diverging, converging, or reverberating, controls information through feedback?

Reverberating circuit

The efferent division of the PNS has two parts called?

SNS - Somatic (motor) nervous system ANS - Autonomic Nervous system (a.k.a. Visceral Motor System)

Which cells, Schwann cell, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, microglial cells, or astrocytes, wraps itself around segment of single axon?

Schwann Cell

Which cells form the myelin sheath around axons of PNS?

Schwann Cells

Which cells, Schwann cell, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, microglial cells, or astrocytes, have one cell that forms one myelin sheath?

Schwann cell

Which part of the nervous system collects information by detecting internal and external stimuli?

Sensory

What are three functions of the nervous system?

Sensory Integrative Motor

Are dendrites located on the axon or soma?

Soma

Bipolar neurons have two processes - the axon and dendrites, that have the ___________________ in between.

Soma

Which part of the neuron contains Nissl bodies?

Soma

Which part of the neuron contains the nucleus?

Soma

Which sensory receptor, somatic or visceral, monitors external conditions?

Somatic

What are two types of sensory receptors in the afferent division of PNS?

Somatic Sensory Receptor Visceral Sensory Receptor

A junction between nerve and another cell is called?

Synapse

Endoneurium is formed by loose connective tissue. (T or F)

True

Neurons are excitable. (T or F)

True

Where is the endoneurium located?

around each axon

Where is perineurium located?

around groups of axons (fascicles)

What connects axon to soma?

axon hillock

What are the most common types of synapses?

chemical synapses

What does white matter contain - myelinated and unmylenated axons or cell bodies?

collection or masses of axons

Are efferent neurons sensory or motor?

motor