Neuro Disorders Chpt 21-22 Practice

Assessment of posture of flexed upper extremities, with plantarflexed lower extremities indicates?

Increasing intracranial pressure (ICP) with decorticate posturing. * increasing pressure on the tissue above the midbrain results in abnormal flexion (decorticate posturing).

Which term describes the collective symptoms of blurred vision; urinary retention; and dry nose, mouth, and throat?

Anticholinergic effects

Pregabalin (Lyrica)

Anticonvulsant/Antineuralgic * do you not abruptly stop using.

Client with meningitis displays what condition when flexing neck an involuntary flexion of both legs occurs

Brudzinski sign

patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) uniquely prone to depression?

Intellectual capacity is not affected

Phenytoin (Dilantin)

Client should not discontinue abruptly, because withdrawal from tx can cause seizures to resume. Client taking anti-convulsant meds often require them for life. Should not be stopped unless indicated by the provider.

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is commonly known as Lou Gehrig's disease. Which symptoms might the patient display?

Difficulty speaking muscle weakness difficulty swallowing difficulty clearing the airway

to reduce symptoms of Parkinson's disease, what is levodopa converted to as it crosses the blood-brain barrier?

Dopamine

A patient in the emergency department states that she fell and hit her head and blacked out for a while but became alert again. The nurse suspects an epidural hematoma. For what should the nurse be diligent to assess?

Drowsiness * increasing BP, drowsiness, and a widening pulse pressure are indicators of increased ICP.

What condition is associated with Pheytoin (hydantoin) therapy?

Gingival hyperplasia * encouraging good oral hygiene practices is indicated.

Possible medical diagnosis of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). Which of the following questions should the nurse ask?

Have you had a recent upper respiratory infection? *Although the cause of GBS is unknown , it usually follows a respiratory or gastrointestinal infection

Manifestation of epidural hematoma after pt fall one hour ago?

Lucid period followed by rapid deterioration after the injury occurs. * brief loss of consciousness followed by a lucid period. Lucid period is then followed by a rapid deterioration.

A patient presents to the clinic with complaints of a severe headache, nuchal rigidity, photophobia, and positive Kernig and Brudzinski signs. What condition do these symptoms suggest?

Meningitis * meningitis is inflammation of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord caused by bacteria or viruses. Each of the symptoms described are common symptoms. The presence of Kernig sign is indicative of meningeal irritation.

Bell's Palsy

Muscle paralysis Pain behind the air Impaired taste

tension challenge test to check for a myasthenia gravis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a positive result?

Muscle tone becomes temporarily stronger * About one minute following injection of medication, expect pt to demonstrate improved muscle tone which lasts only about 5 min. This indicates a positive response to confirm the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis.

Term used for drugs when Parkinson's disease start to become ineffective?

On-Off phenomenon

When drug protocol of L-dopa and Sinemet no longer controlling symptoms

Other drugs can be combined with L-dopa to increase its effectiveness

A patient is having frequent seizure activity. As a result, which are used excessively by the large number of hyperactive neurons?

Oxygen & Glucose

Although the mechanism of seizure activity is not well understood, what is the major action of anticonvulsants?

Raising the seizure threshold * anticonvulsants increase seizure threshold

A nurse is caring for a client who has myasthenia gravis (MG). Which of the following is a complication of MG for which the nurse should monitor?

Respiratory difficulty * with MG, progressive weakness of the diaphragmatic and intercostal muscles can cause respiratory distress.

A nurse is caring for a client who has epilepsy and has a new prescription for lamotrigine. For which of the following findings should the nurse instruct the client to withhold the medication and notify the provider?

Skin rash * lamotrigine can cause several serious skin rashes, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome and others. The client should be instructed to notify the provider and withhold the medication if a skin rash develops.

Intervention added for supporting nutritional intake in a patient with Parkinson disease?

Thicken liquids to make them easier to swallow.

For which condition may carbamazepine (Tegretol) be used?

Trigeminal neuralgia pain * Carbamazepine has been used successfully to treat pain associated with trigeminal neuralgia and for bipolar disorders when lithium therapy has not been optimal. Carbamazepine does not have anti-depressant, antipsychotic, or sedative effects.

Nursing measures for management of generalized seizures.

Turn patient to one side to maintain a patent airway Move objects away from the patient to prevent injury Note the time the seizure begin

A manifestation of Multiple sclerosis

Visual disturbances

bradykinesia

slow movement; slowed speech