Neuro Quiz 6 (final)

Which statement about cerebellar Purkinje cells is false?

A Purkinje cell's dendritic field is oriented parallel to the parallel fibers.

What statements about cerebellar Purkinje cells is true?

A purkinje cell is contacted by roughly 200,000 granule cells. A Purkinje cell's dendritic field branches in a narrow plane. Purkinje cells project to the deep cerebellar nuclei. Purkinje cells inhibit deep cerebellar nuclear cells.

Alcohol-induced damage to the vermis of the cerebellum has been associated with

A wide and staggering gait

Which of the following is a characteristic of Purkinje cells that allows for the high level of convergence and divergence from the granule cells?

An elaborate dendritic tree that extends perpendicularly to the parallel fibers

Which of the following is a major function of the cerebellum?

Analyze errors between intended motor output and actual motor output

Disruption of the cerebellar circuity early in life has been associated with what other neurological disorder?

Autism

Which part of the cerebellum is highly developed in humans and involved with the planning and execution of complex spatial and temporal sequences?

Cerebrocerebellum

The primary motor cortex processes information for muscles on the _______ side of the body; the cerebellum processes information for muscles on _______ side(s) of the body.

Contralateral; the ipsilateral

Which cerebellar structure is correctly paired with its function? a. Spinocerebellum—speech b. Vermis—movement of distal muscles c. Cerebrocerebellum—vestibulo-ocular reflex d. Vestibulocerebellum—posture e. Folia—highly skilled movement

D. vestibulocerebellum-posture

Damage to which structure would lead to dysfunction in cerebellar learning and memory functions?

Inferior olive

A patient with left cerebellar damage would most likely exhibit which symptom?

Jerky, imprecise movements on the left side of the body

When the right cerebellum is damaged, which cortical region loses input (either directly or indirectly)?

Left motor cortex

The following statement regarding inputs to the cerebellum are TRUE except

Mossy fibers are excitatory & climbing fibers are inhibitory

Fibers from which structure(s) cross the midline prior to synapsing in the cerebellum?

Pontine Nuclei

Which is thought to be the role of the climbing fiber input to the cerebellar cortex?

Provision of a training signal for the parallel fiber synapses onto Purkinje cells

Which cell type carries the main output from the cerebellar cortex and is considered the prime computational element of the cerebellum?

Purkinje

Which type of cell provides the only output from the cerebellar cortex?

Purkinje cells

The _______ make an "inhibitory nest of synapses" with the Purkinje cell bodies.

basket cells

The middle cerebellar peduncle carries _____________ axons

cerebellar afferent

Which statement describes the pattern of activity in Purkinje and deep cerebellar nuclear cells during course of a movement? a. Both cell types fire at maximum rate at rest, and activity only decreases during movement. b. Purkinje cells do not fire at rest, and activity only increases during movement, but deep cerebellar nuclear cells are tonically active, and activity can increase or decrease during movement. c. Neither cell type fires at rest; activity only increases during movement. d. Purkinje cells are tonically active, and activity can increase or decrease during movement, but deep cerebellar nuclear cells do not fire at rest, and activity only increases during movement. e. Both cell types are tonically active, and activity can increase or decrease during movement.

e. both cell types are tonically active, and activity can increase or decrease during movement

Damage to the midline of the cerebellar cortex would lead to dysfunction in what type of motor output?

eye movement

Mossy fibers synapse on

granule cells and deep cerebellar nuclei.

A patient is having trouble with long-term motor learning; where is the lesion most likely located?

inferior olive

A patient is having trouble with short-term error correction in his motor behavior; where does he most likely have a tumor?

inferior olive

Cerebellar ataxia is characterized by

jerky, imprecise movements.

Which structure is responsible for input only to the cerebellum?

middle cerebellar peduncle

The axons from the pontine nuclei into the cerebellum are referred to as _______ fibers

mossy

What cell type does not have direct contact with Purkinje cells?

mossy fibers

The cell bodies that give rise to the largest number of fibers entering the cerebellum are located in the

pons

Which part of the cerebellum receives input directly from the spinal cord?

spinocerebellum