Neurology HW

Which class of medication would the nurse anticipate preparing to administer to a client with alcohol dependence admitted to a detoxification unit? A. Opiate B. Antipsychotic C. Antidepressant D. Benzodiazepine

D. Benzodiazepine

16) Which medication acts as an antidote to benzodiazepine? A. Zolpidem B. Temazepam C. Suvorexant D. Flumazenil

D. Flumazenil

Warfarin is prescribed for the client who takes phenytoin for a seizure disorder. Which medication interaction complicates seizure therapy? A. Warfarin inhibits the metabolism of phenytoin. B. Warfarin decreases phenytoin absorption. C. Phenytoin competes with warfarin for receptor occupation. D. Warfarin promotes excretion of phenytoin

A. Warfarin inhibits the metabolism of phenytoin.

Which medication would the nurse anticipate developing a teaching plan for when a client reports becoming panicked and having an irrational fear of talking in public? A. Buspirone B. Alprazolam C. Diazepam D. Lorazepam

B. Alprazolam

Which would the nurse include when teaching a client with Parkinson disease about carbidopa-levodopa? A. Multivitamins should be taken daily. B. A high-protein diet should be followed. C. The medication should be taken with meals. D. Alcohol consumption should be in moderation.

C. The medication should be taken with meals.

The nurse teaches a client's family about the administration of donepezil for treatment of dementia of the Alzheimer type. Which side effect identified by the caregiver indicates to the nurse that further teaching is needed? A. Nausea B. Dizziness C. Headache D. Constipation

D. Constipation

Which finding would the nurse report to the health care provider when caring for a client prescribed temazepam at bedtime? Anxiety Drowsiness Sleep driving Morning headache

Sleep driving

What do you know about "Parkin"-dopa , carbidopa+levodopa

1. Avoid eating high protein meals ; protein can impair the effects of levodopa 2. Levo-toxicity 3. It works by increasing dopamine <3

The nurse provides care for a client with a long history of alcohol abuse. Which medication would the nurse anticipate will be prescribed for the client to prevent symptoms of withdrawal? A. Lorazepam B. Phenobarbital C. Chlorpromazine D. Disulfiram

A. Lorazepam

Which adverse response would a nurse assesses for when carbidopa-levodopa is prescribed for a client with Parkinson disease? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A. Nausea B. Lethargy C. Bradycardia D. Polycythemia E. Emotional changes

A. Nausea E. Emotional changes

Which medications would the nurse identify as commonly used as an adjunct during conscious sedation for minor surgeries? A. Diazepam B. Midazolam C. Lorazepam D. Clonazepam

B. Midazolam

The nursing is preparing to administer phenytoin IV push to a client. The client has dextrose 5% in water infusing continuously. Which action is appropriate? A. Pinch the line above the infusion port during the administration B. Hold the medication and collaborate with the provider prior to administration C. Stop the infusion and flush the port with normal saline prior to administration D. Ask the pharmacy to mix the medication into an IV piggyback (IVPB) infusion

C. Stop the infusion and flush the port with normal saline prior to administration

The nurse is educating a client about newly prescribed alprazolam. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Tardive dyskinesia is common early in treatment. B. Administration of paroxetine may be needed to prevent adverse effects. C. The use of grapefruit juice should be avoided. D. Hyperactivity is seen with long-term use.

C. The use of grapefruit juice should be avoided.

The nurse administers carbidopa-levodopa to a client with Parkinson's disease. Which activity describes the mechanism of action of this medication? A. Increase in acetylcholine production B. Regeneration of injured thalamic cells C. Improvement in myelination of neurons D. Replacement of a neurotransmitter in the brain

D. Replacement of a neurotransmitter in the brain

Which statement by the nurse reflects teaching for a client recently initiated on anticonvulsants? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A. 'It is important to take the medication at the same time every day with meals.' B. 'It is important to not drink excessive amounts of caffeine-containing beverages or alcohol.' C. 'Avoid driving or hazardous activities until any side effects such as drowsiness can be determined.' D. 'Some anticonvulsants interfere with vitamin and mineral absorption, so you may need a supplement.' E. 'Oral hygiene, such as gum massage and tooth brushing, is important to combat the gingival hyperplasia that some anticonvulsant medication can cause.'

A,B,C,D & E

The caregiver of a client with Alzheimer's disease asks the nurse for information about different treatment options that can help with memory or behavior problems. Which of the following responses by the nurse are correct? Select all that apply. A. "Music therapy has been found to help some clients." B. "Ginkgo biloba may help with memory." C. "Acupuncture may be very relaxing." D. "Donepezil (Aricept) may help slow cognitive decline." E. "Garlic may help with this disease."

A. "Music therapy has been found to help some clients." B. "Ginkgo biloba may help with memory." D. "Donepezil (Aricept) may help slow cognitive decline."

A client with Parkinson disease is admitted to the hospital. Which medication is prescribed to improve the physical manifestations of Parkinson disease? A. Carbidopa-levodopa B. Isocarboxazid C. Dopamine D. Pyridoxine (vitamin B 6)

A. Carbidopa-levodopa

The client with a seizure disorder receives intravenous (IV) phenytoin. The nurse will monitor closely for which condition? A. Cardiac dysrhythmias B. Hypoglycemia C. Polycythemia D. Paradoxical excitation

A. Cardiac dysrhythmias

The nurse is preparing to administer newly prescribed intravenous phenytoin to a client. When reviewing the client's medical record, which prescription should the nurse question? A. Continuous infusion of dextrose 5% in 0.9% saline B. NPH insulin 40 units before meals C. Labetalol 100 mg orally twice per day Your Answer D. Ketorolac 15 mg IV push as needed for pain

A. Continuous infusion of dextrose 5% in 0.9% saline

An 18-month-old toddler is being treated with intravenous diazepam every 4 hours for generalized tetanus. Which response to the medication would the nurse anticipate? A. Control of hypertonicity and prevention of seizures B. Control of laryngospasms and neck and jaw rigidity C. Prevention of excess oxygen and caloric expenditure D. Prevention of restlessness and resistance to assisted ventilation

A. Control of hypertonicity and prevention of seizures

Diazepam is administered to the client with status epilepticus. In addition to decreasing central neuronal activity, which effect would the nurse anticipate? A. Relaxing of peripheral muscles B. Decreased heart rate C. Dilation of airways D. Hypertension

A. Relaxing of peripheral muscles

The nurse is providing discharge education to a client who is prescribed alprazolam for a panic disorder. What concept should the nurse emphasize concerning the drug action? A. Short-term relief can be expected B. The medication acts as a stimulant C. The medication works by suppressing dopamine D. If you miss a dose, double the next scheduled dose

A. Short-term relief can be expected

A school-age child with a seizure disorder is prescribed divalproex/phenytoin. The nurse would include which instruction when teaching the parents about administering this medication? A. 'Crush the tablets and mix them with applesauce.' B. 'Take the child for regularly scheduled blood tests.' C. 'Stop the medication immediately if a rash develops.' D. 'Provide oral hygiene, especially gum massage and flossing.'

B. 'Take the child for regularly scheduled blood tests.'

16) A client's phenytoin level is 16 mcg/L. Which action will the nurse take? A. Hold the medication and notify the health care provider. B. Administer the next dose of the medication as prescribed. C. Hold the next dose and then resume administration as prescribed. D. Call the health care provider to obtain a prescription with an increased dose.

B. Administer the next dose of the medication as prescribed.

A client has a tonic-clonic seizure. The nurse anticipates that the health care provider will prescribe the intravenous administration of which medication? A. Naloxone B. Diazepam C. Epinephrine HCl D. Atropine

B. Diazepam

A client is admitted to the emergency department after experiencing a seizure. Which action would the nurse take first? A. Ask the emergency provider for a prophylactic anticonvulsant. B.Obtain a history of seizure type and incidence. C.Ask the client to remove any dentures and eyeglasses. D.Observe the client for increased restlessness and agitation.

B.Obtain a history of seizure type and incidence.

The daughter of a client with Alzheimer's disease asks the nurse, "Will the medication my mother is taking cure her dementia?" What is the best response by the nurse? A. "It will help your mother live independently again." B. "It is used to halt the progression of Alzheimer's disease." C. "It will not improve dementia but can help control emotional responses." D. "It will provide a steady improvement in memory."

C. "It will not improve dementia but can help control emotional responses."

A client is admitted to the emergency department with multiple fractures and potential internal injuries. The client's history reveals abuse of multiple medications for the past 8 months.Which medication when withdrawn will cause the most serious life- threatening responses? A. Heroin B. Methadone C. Barbiturates D. Amphetamines

C. Barbiturates

An antianxiety medication is prescribed for an extremely anxious client. The client states, 'I'm afraid to take this medication because I heard it's addictive.' Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? A. 'This medication rarely causes dependence when the dosage is controlled.' B. 'You may require increases in your dosage; however, it rarely causes dependence.' C. 'It usually results in psychological but not physiological dependence.' D. 'The medication has the potential for physiological and psychological dependence.'

D. 'The medication has the potential for physiological and psychological dependence.'

A nurse is providing care to a client who takes phenytoin for seizure prevention. The latest laboratory report shows a phenytoin level of 32 mcg/mL. Which action does the nurse take next? A. Examine the oral cavity B. Percuss the abdomen C. Check the skin turgor D. Assess the pupillary response

D. Assess the pupillary response

A nurse is providing education on the use of carbidopa/levodopa to a client with Parkinson's disease. What will the nurse include in the teaching? A. This medication will stop the progression of your condition B. Notify your healthcare provider if your urine appears dark C. Eat plenty of whole-grain foods when taking this medication D. Avoid eating meals that are high in protein

D. Avoid eating meals that are high in protein

Which sedative-hypnotics would the nurse identify as being used to treat insomnia associated with a panic disorder? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A. Phenelzine B. Paroxetine C. Alprazolam D. Imipramine E. Clonazepam

E. Clonazepam

Which manifestation is an adverse effect of intravenous lorazepam? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A. Amnesia B. Drowsiness C. Sleep driving D. Blurred vision E. Respiratory depression

E. Respiratory depression

Which medication would the nurse instruct a client to avoid while taking alprazolam? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A. Opioids B. Alcohol C. Barbiturates D. Antidepressants E. First-generation antipsychotics

A. Opioids B. Alcohol C. Barbiturates

What do you know about "Alz"-pezil

1. Does not improve dementia but can help control emotional responses 2. Donepezil may help slow cognitive decline 3. Side effects : Diarrhea & Vomiting , salivation *It is a cholinergic drug*

What do you know about "Seize"-toin

1. Gum care / oral hygiene is important ! 2. ONLY mix w/ normal saline . Dextrose turns drug into powder 3. It is a Life long drug , you can not just stop taking it

What do you know about seizures in general ?

1. Meds need to be taken at the same time regularly ; if not seizures will occur 2. Should not drink and be cautious driving 3. Oral Hygiene is important !

What do you know about "Benzos" -azepam , -azolam

1. No grapefruit juice 2. Helps with status epilepticus to anxiety and alcohol withdrawal 3. Antidote is flumazenil

Which administration guidelines would the nurse follow when administering midazolam to an older client? A. The increments should be smaller, and the rate of injection should be slower. B. The medication should be given as a rapid intravenous push. C. It is important to monitor for spikes in blood pressure elevation during administration. D. During the procedure, the medication should be given as needed for pain management.

A. The increments should be smaller, and the rate of injection should be slower.

Which statement about benzodiazepines requires correction? A. They are indicated for ethanol withdrawal. B. These medications increase the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid. C. Benzodiazepines are the first-line medications used in chronic anxiety disorders. D. These medications depress activity in the brainst

B. These medications increase the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid.

A newly admitted client reports taking phenytoin for several months. Which assessment should the nurse include in the admission report? Select all that apply? A. Report of unsteady gait, rash and diplopia B. Report of any seizure activity C. Serum phenytoin levels D. Report of anorexia, numbness and tingling of the extremities

D. Report of anorexia, numbness and tingling of the extremities

The client wants to know why midazolam will be administered preoperatively. Which reason would the nurse provide? A. It reduces pain. B. It induces sedation. C. It prevents respiratory depression. D. It limits oral secretions.

B. It induces sedation.

Which instruction about phenytoin will the nurse provide during discharge teaching to a client with epilepsy who is prescribed phenytoin for seizure control? A. "Antiseizure medications will probably be continued for life." B. "Phenytoin prevents any further occurrence of seizures." C. "This medication needs to be taken during periods of emotional stress." D. "Your antiseizure medication usually can be stopped after a year's absence of seizures."

A. "Antiseizure medications will probably be continued for life."

A client with Parkinson's disease is taking carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet). Which observation by the nurse would indicate that the desired outcome of the medication is being achieved? A. Decreased blood pressure. B. Lessening of tremors. C. Increased salivation. D. Increased attention span

B. Lessening of tremors.

Which action would the nurse implement for a client who has overdosed on barbiturates? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A. Apply ice packs. B. Maintain airway. C. Administer naloxone. D. Give activated charcoal. E. Give intravenous fluids.

B. Maintain airway. D. Give activated charcoal. E. Give intravenous fluids.

A client abruptly stops taking a barbiturate. Which withdrawal complication would the nurse anticipate that the client may experience? A. Ataxia B. Seizures C. Diarrhea D. Urticaria

B. Seizures

A client has been robbed, beaten, and sexually assaulted. The primary health care provider prescribes 0.25 mg of alprazolam for agitation. Which event would alert the nurse to administer this medication? A. The client's crying increases. B. The client requests something to calm her. C. The nurse determines a need to reduce her anxiety. D. The primary health care provider is getting ready to perform a vaginal exam

B. The client requests something to calm her.

The nurse is educating a client with seizure disorder about newly prescribed phenytoin. Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Blood work will be required if you have a seizure while taking this medication B. You will need to have routine visits with a dentist when taking this medication C. It is normal to have a change in your gait when you first start this medication D. Avoid grapefruit juice when taking this medication

B. You will need to have routine visits with a dentist when taking this medication

A client with a seizure disorder is receiving phenytoin and phenobarbital. Which client statement indicates that the instructions regarding the medications are understood? A. 'I will not have any seizures with these medications.' B. 'These medicines must be continued to prevent falls and injury.' C. 'Stopping the medications can cause continuous seizures and I may die.' D. 'By my staying on the medicines I will prevent postseizure confusion.'

C. 'Stopping the medications can cause continuous seizures and I may die.'

Which primary anxiolytic medication would the nurse anticipate developing a teaching plan for when a client with social anxiety disorder has a history of exhibiting an intense, irrational fear of being scrutinized by others? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A. Sertraline B. Paroxetine C. Alprazolam D. Venlafaxine E. Clonazepam

C. Alprazolam E. Clonazepam

Donepezil is prescribed for a client who has mild dementia of the Alzheimer type. Which information would the nurse include when discussing this medication with the client and family? A. Fluids should be limited to 4 large glasses per day. B. Constipation should be reported to the primary health care provider immediately. C. Blood tests that reflect liver function will be performed routinely. D. The client's medication dosage may be self-adjusted according to the client's

C. Blood tests that reflect liver function will be performed routinely.

A client is prescribed alprazolam. Which action must the nurse include in the client assessment during the initiation of therapy? A. Measure the client's urine output. B. Examine the client's pupils daily. C. Check the client's blood pressure. D. Assess the abdomen for distention.

C. Check the client's blood pressure.

A nurse is teaching parents of a child recently prescribed the medication phenytoin for seizure control. Which side effect will the nurse include? A. Hypertension B. Insomnia C. Gingival hyperplasia D. Increased appetite

C. Gingival hyperplasia

In addition to hydration, parenteral lorazepam is prescribed for a client during alcohol withdrawal delirium. Which primary purpose accurately explains why this medication is given during detoxification? A. To prevent injury when seizures occur B. To enable the client to sleep better during periods of agitation C. To reduce the anxiety tremor state and prevent more serious withdrawal symptoms D. To calm the client and promote acceptance of the treatment plan

C. To reduce the anxiety tremor state and prevent more serious withdrawal symptoms

Which symptom of levodopa toxicity will a client taking levodopa be taught as a reason to contact the primary health care provider? A. Nausea B. Dizziness C. Twitching D. Constipation

C. Twitching

During the admission process, the client reports heavy alcohol use for at least one year. What effect does the nurse anticipate the hospitalized client will experience when alcohol consumption stops? A. Bradycardia B. Somnolence C. Withdrawal D. Tachypne

C. Withdrawal

The nurse is caring for a child diagnosed with seizures. While teaching the family and the child about the medication phenytoin, which concept should the nurse emphasize? A. Omit the medication if the child is seizure-free B. Serve a diet that is high in iron C. A rash is normal with this medication D. Maintain good oral hygiene and dental car

D. Maintain good oral hygiene and dental car

Which primary reason identifies why oxazepam is given during detoxification? A. Prevents injury when seizures occur B. Enables the client to sleep better during periods of agitation C. Encourages the client to accept treatment for alcoholism D. Minimizes withdrawal symptoms the client may experience

D. Minimizes withdrawal symptoms the client may experience

Which medication would the nurse expect to administer to actively reverse the overdose sedative effects of benzodiazepines? A. Lithium B. Flumazenil C. Methadone D. Chlorpromazine

B. Flumazenil

Which mechanism of action would the nurse identify for levodopa therapy prescribed to a client diagnosed with Parkinson disease? A. Blocks the effects of acetylcholine B. Increases the production of dopamine C. Restores the dopamine levels in the brain D. Promotes the production of acetylcholine

C. Restores the dopamine levels in the brain

A primary health care provider prescribes 0.25 mg of alprazolam by mouth three times a day for a client with anxiety and physical symptoms related to work pressures. Which side effect of this medication will the nurse monitor for in this client? A. Drowsiness B. Bradycardia C. Agranulocytosis D. Tardive dyskinesia

A. Drowsiness

A client who is receiving phenytoin asks why folic acid was prescribed. Which explanation would the nurse provide? A. Phenytoin inhibits absorption of folate from foods. B. Folic acid potentiates the action of phenytoin. C. Absorption of iron from foods is improved. D. Neuropathy caused by phenytoin is prevented.

A. Phenytoin inhibits absorption of folate from foods.

Which concern will the nurse keep in mind when a client has been taking a benzodiazepine? A. Rebound insomnia may occur if the medication is discontinued abruptly. B. Lifelong treatment is often required. C. Higher doses are needed to accommodate physiological changes during pregnancy. D. These medications have both analgesic and antidepressant properties.

A. Rebound insomnia may occur if the medication is discontinued abruptly.

The nurse is caring for a client who was prescribed alprazolam. When educating the client about the new medication, which intended effect should the nurse include? A. Reduce anxiety and provide a calming effect B. Increase coordination and the ability to concentrate C. Alleviate signs and symptoms of spasticity D. Reduce symptoms of depression

A. Reduce anxiety and provide a calming effect

Which instruction would the nurse provide to parents of a school-age child who has been on long-term phenytoin therapy to prevent side effects? A. Provide good oral hygiene. B. Administer the medication between meals. C. Watch for a reddish-brown discoloration of urine. D. Supplement the diet with high-calorie foods.

A. Provide good oral hygiene.

A client has completed therapy and requests to discontinue treatment with benzodiazepines. Which information would the nurse provide to prevent injury? A. Taper dose over several months. B. Switch to using an antidepressant. C. Refrain from renewing prescription. D. Monitor for signs of increased anxiety.

A. Taper dose over several months.

A client has been taking alprazolam for three days. For which expected effect of the medication should the nurse evaluate the client? A. The client reports sleeping through the night. B. The client reports feeling less depressed. C. The client denies having auditory hallucinations. D. The client denies having suicide ideation.

A. The client reports sleeping through the night.

A client with a seizure disorder will begin taking phenytoin. Which instructions will the nurse give to the client? A. 'Take the medication on an empty stomach.' B. 'Provide meticulous oral hygiene.' C. 'Taper off the medication if seizures are controlled for 3 months.' D. 'Stop taking the medication if you become pregnant.'

B. 'Provide meticulous oral hygiene.'

For which therapeutic effect will the nurse monitor the client who is prescribed alprazolam? A. Pain relief B. Decreased anxiety C. Reduction in dysrhythmias D. Reduced blood pressure

B. Decreased anxiety

The nurse is caring for a client with Parkinson's disease. Which finding indicates that the client might be experiencing an adverse side effect from the dopamine-enhancing drugs? A. Urinary retention B. Hallucinations C. Kidney failure D. Hypertensive urgency

B. Hallucinations

A client is treated with lorazepam for status epilepticus. Which effect of lorazepam is the reason it is given? A. Decreases anxiety associated with seizures B. Promotes rest after the seizure episode C. Depresses the central nervous system (CNS) D. Provides amnesia for the convulsive episode

C. Depresses the central nervous system (CNS)

A client has a tonic-clonic seizure caused by an overdose of aspirin. Which action would the nurse take next? A. Check reflexes every 2 hours. B. Insert a urinary retention catheter. C. Monitor vital signs every 15 minutes. D. Prepare a setup for a central venous pressure (CVP) line

C. Monitor vital signs every 15 minutes.

A client is prescribed the benzodiazepine alprazolam for the management of panic attacks. Which action by the patient makes the nurse confident that the medication information discussed has been understood? A. The client removes the pepperoni from a pizza. B. The client asks for an extra bottle of flavored water to drink with dinner. C. The client requests a prescription for oral contraceptives before being discharged. D. The client states that chewable antacids may be taken to relieve heartburn.

C. The client requests a prescription for oral contraceptives before being discharged.

Status epilepticus develops in an adolescent with a seizure disorder who is taking antiseizure medication. Which reason would the nurse identify as the most common reason for the development of status epilepticus? A. The provider failed to account for a growth spurt. B. The amount prescribed is insufficient to cover activities. C. The prescribed antiseizure medication probably is not taken consistently. D. The client is prescribed a medication that is ineffective in preventing seizures

C. The prescribed antiseizure medication probably is not taken consistently.

The nurse teaches the parents of a child prescribed long-term phenytoin therapy about care. Which statement indicates the teaching has been effective? A. 'We give the medication between meals.' B. 'We'll call the clinic if her urine turns pink.' C. 'She's eating high-calorie foods, and we encourage fluids, too.' D. 'We'll have her massage her gums and floss her teeth frequently.

D. 'We'll have her massage her gums and floss her teeth frequently.

Carbidopa-levodopa is prescribed for a client with Parkinson's disease. Which instruction will the nurse include when teaching the client about this medication? A. 'Take this medication between meals.' B. 'Blood levels of the medication should be monitored weekly.' C. 'It can cause happy feelings followed by feelings of depression.' D. 'You may experience dizziness when moving from sitting to standing.'

D. 'You may experience dizziness when moving from sitting to standing.

A client with a diagnosis of dementia of the Alzheimer type has been taking donepezil 10 mg/day for 3 months. The client's partner calls the clinic and reports that the client has increasing restlessness and agitation accompanied by nausea. Which advice would the nurse give the partner? A. Give the medication with food. B. Administer the medication at bedtime. C. Omit 1 dose today and start with a lower dose tomorrow. D. Bring the partner to the clinic for testing and a physical examination.

D. Bring the partner to the clinic for testing and a physical examination.

The health care provider prescribes alprazolam 5 mg by mouth three times a day for a client with anxiety. Which intervention will the nurse take before administering this prescription? A. Assess the apical pulse. B. Check the blood pressure. C. Encourage the ventilation of feelings. D. Clarify the prescription with the health care provider.

D. Clarify the prescription with the health care provider.

The nurse is completing a health history of a client diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. The nurse reviews a list of the client's medications and supplements routinely taken at home. Which treatment should be a cause for concern by the nurse? A. Donepezil B. Ginkgo biloba C. Omega-3 fatty acids D. Coconut oil

D. Coconut oil

Which rationale explains why the nurse would question a benzodiazepine prescription for an individual experiencing acute grief? A. The depression is magnified, and the risk of suicide increases. B. Brain activity is suppressed, and the risk of depression increases. C. Lethargy results, and it prevents a return to interpersonal activity. D. The period of denial is extended, and the grieving process is suppressed.

D. The period of denial is extended, and the grieving process is suppressed.