nln science 1

Which of these factors best summarizes Darwin's theory of the origin of species? Natural selection. Overproduction. Use and disuse. The cause of variations.

Natural selection.

Which of these substances contains a nonpolar covalent bond? NaCl HBr O2 NH3

O2

Which of these substances contains a nonpolar covalent bond? NaCl HBr O2 NH3

O2

Which of these temperatures is known as Absolute Zero? 0°C 0 K positive 273°C negative 273 K

0 K

How much current is drawn by a light bulb that has a resistance of 100 R with a voltage of 110 V? (V = IR) 1.1 amperes 90 amperes 210 amperes 11,000 amperes.

1.1 amperes

If a red light is passed through a dilute solution of chlorophyll solution, the spectrophotometer will detect what amount of transmittance of this light? 100% 50 - 75% Less than 25% None

50-75%

The weight of an adult human in newtons (N) is closest to 0.5N 5N 50N 500N

500N

Which of these processes is responsible for the recorded production of CO2 by yeast cells from sugar solution? Photosynthesis. Anaerobic respiration. Translocation. Capillary action.

Anaerobic respiration.

Which of these arrangements of atoms is found in all alcohols? C=C C-O-C C=O C-OH

C-OH

Which of these processes occurs at a neuromuscular junction? Articulation. Axon formation. Impulse transmission. Encapsulation.

Impulse transmission.

When a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, which of these conditions must be present? The population is very small The population is isolated from other populations Natural selection Net mutations.

The population is isolated from other populations

A drop of dilute ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) is placed on one side of a slide containing a large number of swimming paramecium. Under this condition, which of these behaviors of the paramecia will be observed? They will eventually all swim toward the ammonium hydroxide. They will show no net change in behavior to the ammonium hydroxide. They will all be instantly killed by the ammonium hydroxide. They will eventually all swim away from the ammonium hydroxide.

They will eventually all swim away from the ammonium hydroxide.

A substance that increases the speed of a reaction by lowering its activation energy is called a reactant. a product. a catalyst. an activator.

a catalyst.

Which of these is an example of a simple machine? Lever. Pulley. Inclined plane. All of the above.

all the above

Which of these single instruments may be used to measure the current flowing through a circuit? A voltmeter. An ammeter. A potentiometer. An ohmmeter.

ammeter

If all of the second-order consumers within an ecosystem of a region were removed, the most likely short-term effect would be a decrease in decomposers. an increase in producers. an increase in the number of first-order consumers. a decrease in the number of first-order consumers.

an increase in the number of first-order consumers.

A student focuses sunlight to a point with a thin converging (convex) lens. Which of these direct measurements can the student make as a result of this experiment? The approximate focal length of the lens. The approximate wavelength of the light used. The approximate speed of light. The approximate index of refraction of the lens material.

approximate focal length of the lens

Which of these organisms use nitrogen directly from the air? Blue-green algae. Protozoa. Plants. Worms.

blue green algae

which of these instruments is used to measure the amount of heat exchanged in a system hydrometer barometer calorimeter psychrometer

calorimeter

A person blows his breath into a straw that is placed in limewater. The limewater becomes cloudy because the person's breath contains carbon dioxide. hydrogen. oxygen. nitrogen.

carbon dioxide

An unknown gas is more dense than air, does not support combustion, and turns a limewater solution cloudy. This gas is most probably ammonia. methane. carbon dioxide. hydrogen.

carbon dioxide

The normal boiling temperature for water is 100° when measured on which of these scales? Celsius Fahrenheit Kelvin Rankine.

celsius

The physics principle that is primarily used in developing a rollercoaster ride is centripetal force specific gravity quantum energy certainty principle.

centripetal force

The region of the brain most concerned with coordinating somatic motor function is the medulla oblongata cerebellum hypothalamus cerebrum.

cerebellum

Which part of the human central nervous system controls voluntary movements? Spinal cord. Cerebellum. Cerebrum. Medulla.

cerebrum

Which part of the human central nervous system controls voluntary movements? Spinal cord Cerebellum Cerebrum Medulla.

cerebrum

Which of these processes is used to free contaminated water of bacteria? Filtering. Passing it through charcoal. Treating it with chlorine. Allowing it to settle.

chlorine

A lens that focuses distant light to a single point is known as a converging lens. diverging lens. concave lens. prismatic lens.

converging lens

If the medulla of the brain in a human was damaged, which of these conditions would most likely result? Inability to remember. Difficulty in breathing. Inability to speak. Blurred vision.

difficulty in breathing

The bending of a wave around an obstacle is known as diffraction. deflection. refraction. reflection.

diffraction

What is the correct sequence in the life cycle of a moth? Egg, pupa, larva, adult. Egg, larva, pupa, adult. Larva, pupa, egg, adult. Pupa, egg, larva, adult.

egg, larva, pupa, moth

The calorie and the kilocalorie are units of energy. power. force. temperature.

energy

which of these quantities is a vector quantity force mass energy time

energy

Guard cells which can be found in the leaves of plants are most closely associated with which of these processes? Reproduction of a new plant. Evaporation of water from the plant. Synthesis of organic substances in the plant. Movement of organic and inorganic substances from soil to the plant.

evaporation of water from the plant

All of these groups of land plants produce seeds EXCEPT perennial flowering plants, such as peonies and asters. deciduous trees, such as maples and oaks. moist forest plants, such as mosses and ferns. evergreen trees, such as pines and spruces.

evergreen trees

A recently discovered species has these characteristics: amniotic eggs, a four-chambered heart, and lightweight, honeycombed bones. Which of these ADDITIONAL characteristics is likely to be present? Mammary glands. External fertilization. Ectotherms. Feathers for flying.

feathers for flying

which of these organisms might be found in contaminated well water aspergillis porifera giardia spirochete

giardia

Iodized salt is used to prevent a human condition known as rickets. goiter. scurvy. beri-beri.

goiter

Ductless glands in the human body secrete enzymes mucus hormones metabolic wastes.

hormones

Which of these is NOT an organic compound? CH4 (methane) C6H12O6 (glucose) CH3COOH (acetic acid) HCl (hydrochloric acid).

hydrochloric acid

The functional group present in all alcohols is the carboxyl group. alkyl group. hydroxyl group. carbonyl group.

hydroxyl group.

The function of the myelin sheath that surrounds many neurons is to prevent meningitis. slow the rate of impulse transport. increase the flow of ions into the axon. increase the rate of impulse transport.

increase the rate of impulse transport

The second law of thermodynamics states that with every spontaneous process, the entropy of the universe increases decreases remains the same reverses direction

increases

The organ that filters metabolic waste from the blood is the small intestine. liver. kidney. stomach.

kidney

Which of these factors is a variable in Cicero and Wozniak's research? Children of human nonalcoholic parents. Pregnant women who drink. Rodent female offspring. Liquid diet of 6% alcohol.

liquid diet of 6% alcohol

Which of these organ systems does NOT provide for the excretion of substances? Urinary system Lymphatic system Respiratory system Digestive system.

lymphatic system

Which of these quantities is most closely associated with an object's inertia? Weight. Energy. Power. Mass.

mass

in varieties of matter, the term heterogeneous may be applied to elements, but not compounds compounds but not elements compounds and elements but not mixtures mixtures but not elements or compounds

mixtures but not elements or compounds

atoms with 7 electrons in the outer shell are probably classified as metals nonmetals metalloids noble gases

non metals

At room temperature, which of these substances exists as diatomic molecules? Carbon Iron Neon Oxygen.

oxygen

In classical physics, light is viewed as part of the electromagnetic spectrum, traveling in the form of transverse waves. Quantum physics proposes that light is composed of quanta called rays. newtons. atoms. photons.

photons

In ecological succession, the first living thing to colonize a hitherto barren area is called a producer. primary consumer. pioneer organism. carnivore.

pioneer organism.

Which part of the cell structure controls the passage of materials into and out of the cell? Golgi apparatus. Ribosome. Nuclear membrane. Plasma membrane.

plasma membrane

The energy associated with an object's position is termed kinetic energy. thermal energy. photon energy. potential energy.

potential energy

The watt is a unit of energy. force. displacement. power.

power.

Which of these particles can only be found in the nucleus of an atom? protons, only. electrons, only. protons and neutrons. neutrons and electrons.

protons and neutrons.

Which human body system does meiosis occur in? Digestive. Reproductive. Nervous. Circulatory.

reproductive

When a column of air is vibrating at the same rate as a tuning fork, the process is referred to as assimilation diffraction transmission resonance

resonance

A cell which manufactures a large amount of protein for export would have an abundance of organelles called lysosomes. peroxisomes. ribosomes. centrioles.

ribosomes.

A person who was in an auto accident has formed a blood clot at the site of the injury. One event that can lead to formation of a blood clot is that red blood cells release hemoglobin. bone marrow cells decrease platelet production. white blood cells release antibodies. ruptured platelets release thromboplastin.

ruptured platelets release thromboplastin.

1 kilogram (kg) of solid X at 10°C and 1 kg of solid Y at 10°C each absorb 5 joules of heat energy. The final temperatures of X and Y are 15°C and 20°C, respectively. Compared to X, Ymust have a lower specific heat. conductive heat. heat of fusion. heat of vaporization.

specific heat.

Human testes produce eggs. follicle stimulating hormone. growth hormone. spermatozoa.

spermatozoa

To determine the optimum conditions for the activity of a digestive enzyme, it would be necessary to test its activity over a range of temperature. temperature and pH. pH amd substrate concentration. temperature, pH and substrate concentration.

temperature, pH and substrate concentration.

In corn plants, the gene that codes for the presence of chlorophyll is sometimes missing. The resulting seedlings are albino and will not survive. This lethal gene appears in corn populations because the soil nutrients will not allow the plant to produce chlorophyll the parent plants that produced the seeds carried the recessive gene for the albino trait the farmer used herbicides, which destroyed the chlorophyll in the seedlings the seeds were old and stored improperly, resulting in the lethal trait.

the parent plants that produced the seeds carried the recessive gene for the albino trait

Which of these units is associated with magnitude, but not direction? Force. Time. Velocity. Acceleration.

time

If blue light emits electrons from a photosensitive surface, then electrons must also be emitted by ultraviolet light. green light. orange light. infrared light.

ultraviolet light

A method for determining the blood alcohol content of a subject is to do a Mantoux test. do a Dick test. use a Breathalyzer. inspect the size of the pupils.

use a breathalyzer

Night blindness in humans is caused by a lack of Vitamin A. Niacin. Calcium. Vitamin D.

vitamin A

The force of gravity on an object is that object's mass. weight. inertia. density.

weight