Nuclear Chemistry gonna ace this test
which particle has the least mass?
Beta particle
The purpose of the high density concrete used in some nuclear reactors is to
-shield the reactor walls from radiation damage -shield the reactor personnel from radiation exposure -control the rate of the nuclear reaction -control the speed of the neutrons
Which isotope is most commonly used in the radioactive dating of the remains of organic materials?
14C
what is evidence that gamma radiation has greater penetrating power than alpha or beta radiation?
54 alpha beta can't penetrate but gamma can
Which emission causes the atomic number of a nuclide to decrease by 2 and its mass number to decrease by 4?
An alpha particle
This fission process in a reactor can be regulated by adjusting the number of neutrons available. This is done by the use of what
control rods
The radioisotope I-131 is used to
diagnose thyroid disorders
during a nuclear reaction, mass is converted into..
energy
Which risk is associated when using nuclear fission to produce energy in a power plant?
exposure of workers to radiation
Which type of reaction produces energy and intensely radioactive waste products?
fission of uranium
nuclear FUSION differs from nuclear FISSION because nuclear fusion reactions..
form heavier isotopes from lighter isotopes
which particle has the greatest penetrating power through a shield?
gammas
which phrases describe a risk of using the radioisotope C-60 in treating cancer?
increased biological exposure
what is a problem commonly associated with nuclear power facilities?
it is difficult to dispose of wastes
How is the nuclear waste from nuclear power plants disposed of?
its taken to a landfill
radiation used in the processing of food is intended to...
kill the microorganisms that are found in the food
A particle accelerator is used to provide charged particles with sufficient...
kinetic energy to penetrate a nucleus
When an atom emits a beta particle from its nucleus, the resulting nucleus contains one...
less proton and the same number of neutrons
which components of a fission reactor are used to slow neutrons during a fission reaction?
moderators
a serious risk factor associated with the operation of a nuclear power plant is the production of..
radioisotopes with long half-lives
As a sample of a radioactive element decays, its half-life..
remains the same
The term radioactivity refers to the...
spontaneous disintegration of certain atomic nuclei
a radioactive isotope contains nuclei which..
spontaneously change, liberating energy
a radioisotope which is sometimes used by doctors to pinpoint a brain tumor is,,
technetium-99
Elements are radioactive if...
their atomic nuclei are unstable
Why do radioactive elements decay?
their nuclei are unstable
In which reaction is an atom of one element converted into an atom of another element?
transmuation
Which radioactive isotope is used in geological dating?
uranium-238
A radioisotope is called a tracer when it is used to
Determine the way in which a chemical reaction occurs
The largest nuclear disaster in history occurred in...
Fukushima, Japan
Which nuclear emission has no charge and no mass?
Gamma ray
Radioisotopes used for medical diagnosis must have..
Short half-lives and be quickly eliminated by the body
