NUR222 Bowel EAQ

a home health pt reports frequent episodes of flatulence. which s/s would the nurse expect the patient to report? (select all that apply) A. abdominal fullness B. pain C. cramping D. loose watery stools E. involuntary passage of stools

A. abdominal fullness B. pain C. cramping (Pg. 1280)

a patient has been unable to pass stool for several days despite the repeated urge to defecate. the nurse concludes that the patient has fecal impaction. which other finding support's the nurse's suspicion? (select all that apply) A. anorexia B. rectal pain C. dark-colored urine D. continuous oozing of liquid stool E. less frequent urination than usual

A. anorexia B. rectal pain D. continuous oozing of liquid stool (Pg. 1279)

what is a cause of diarrhea? (select all that apply) A. antibiotic use B. lack of exercise C. clostridium difficile D. reduced fluid intake E. surgeries of the lower GI tract

A. antibiotic use C. clostridium difficile E. surgeries of the lower GI tract (Pg. 1279)

a patient is admitted with diarrhea caused by C. Diff. which question would the nurse ask to obtain info about how the organism was acquired? A. are you taking any antibiotics? B. do you ever go barefoot outside your home? C. have you traveled to any foreign countries lately? D. does anyone else in your family have bowel problems?

A. are you taking any antibiotics? (Pg. 1279)

the HCP prescribes fecal occult blood testing for a patient who reports constipation and family history of colon cancer. which instruction does the nurse provide to the patient? A. avoid eating red meat for 3 days before testing B. repeat the test at least 2 times on separate bowel movements C. take vitamin C supplements and citrus fruits and juices before the test D. stop taking aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, or other NSAIDs for 4 days before the test

A. avoid eating red meat for 3 days before testing (Pg. 1285)

which assessment finding does the nurse associate with a problem with bowel elimination? A. bowel movement every 5 days B. loose abdominal skin C. bowel sounds every 5 to 15 seconds D. absence of peristalsis waves on abdomen

A. bowel movement every 5 days (Pg. 1284)

the nurse provides info about factors related to bowel elimination in the older population for a group of nursing students. which info does the nurse include? (select all that apply) A. chewing ability decreases B. peristalsis increases C. esophageal emptying slows D. absorption by the intestinal mucosa is impaired E. muscle tone in the anal sphincter weakens

A. chewing ability decreases C. esophageal emptying slows D. absorption by the intestinal mucosa is impaired E. muscle tone in the anal sphincter weakens (Pg. 1278)

which procedure requires the patient to undergo a bowel-cleansing program before it can be performed? (select all that apply) A. colonoscopy B. anorectal manometry C. fecal immunochemical test D. guaiac fecal occult blood test E. computerized tomographic colonography

A. colonoscopy E. computerized tomographic colonography (Box 47.5)

the nurse provides care for a patient with diarrhea. which med would the nurse expect the HCP to prescribe? A. diphenoxylate with atropine B. polycarbophil C. docusate calcium D. casanthranol

A. diphenoxylate with atropine (Pg. 1294)

which solution to constipation is short term? (select all that apply) A. enemas B. laxatives C. cathartics D. diet change E. change in defecation schedule

A. enemas B. laxatives C. cathartics (pg. 1292)

the nurse observes a caregiver administering an enema to a pt who is scheduled for a colonoscopy. for which action performed by the caregiver would the nurse intervene? A. gives the enema with the pt sitting on the toilet B. gives the enema with the pt positioned on a bedpan C. uses clean, non-sterile gloves while administering the enema. D. asks the pt to retain the enema solution for a specific length of time.

A. gives the enema with the pt sitting on the toilet (Pg. 1296)

the nurse educates a group of patients about the prevention of constipation. which statement made by a patient indicates effective learning? (select all that apply) A. i'll perform regular physical exercise B. i'll include high-fiber foods in my diet C. i'll regularly eat meats and vegetables D. i'll attempt to defecate at the same time each day E. i'll ensure that my daily fluid intake is not less than 1 liter

A. i'll perform regular physical exercise B. i'll include high-fiber foods in my diet D. i'll attempt to defecate at the same time each day (Pg. 1288)

which reason is appropriate for use of an enema? (select all that apply) A. immediate relief of constipation B. establishing regular bowel habits C. beginning a program of bowel training D. temporary relief of pain caused by hemorrhoids E. emptying the bowel before diagnostic tests or surgery

A. immediate relief of constipation C. beginning a program of bowel training E. emptying the bowel before diagnostic tests or surgery (Pg. 1294)

which factor may cause constipation? (select all that apply) A. improper diet B. lack of exercise C. use of laxatives D. use of antibiotics E. reduced fluid intake

A. improper diet B. lack of exercise E. reduced fluid intake (Pg. 1279)

which statement about fecal incontinence is incorrect? A. it is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus. B. it is an increase in number of stools and passage of liquid, unformed feces. C. it results when a pt has unrelieved constipation and is unable to expel hardened feces retained in the rectum. D. it is characterized by infrequent bowel movements (less than 3 per week) and hard, dry stools that are difficult to pass.

A. it is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus. (Pg. 1279)

which information is true about the large intestine? (Select all that apply) A. it's shorter than the small intestine B. it has no absorptive role C. it has a role in elimination function D. it can develop hemorrhoids E. it has longitudinal muscles that prevent regurgitation

A. it's shorter than the small intestine C. it has a role in elimination function D. it cam develop hemorrhoids (Pg. 1277)

the nurse reviews the medical record of a patient who has chronic constipation and notes that the patient has type 3 stools according to the Bristol Stool Form Scale. which characteristic would the stool have? A. like a sausage but with cracks on the surface B. like a sausage or snake, smooth and soft C. soft blobs with clear-cut edges D. sausage-shaped but lumpy

A. like a sausage but with cracks on the surface (Figure 47.6)

a patient is admitted to the hospital with constipation. the nurse suspects which history finding is the cause of the condition? A. reduced fluid intake B. vigorous exercise C. antibiotic use via any route D. food allergies

A. reduced fluid intake (Box 47.3)

which type of enema should be used with caution in pregnant women and older adults? A. soapsuds enema B. tap water enema C. oil retention enema D. normal saline enema

A. soapsuds enema (Pg. 1295)

the nurse is explaining to a pt with gastritis about the tasks performed by the stomach. which physiological function would the nurse include in teaching? (select all that apply) A. storage of food B. reabsorption of nutrients C. secretion of intrinsic factor D. production of hydrochloric acid E. mucus secretion to aid protein digestion

A. storage of food C. secretion of intrinsic factor D. production of hydrochloric acid (Pg. 1277)

a patient who has malabsorption syndrome asks the nurse about the process of nutrient absorption. which response would the nurse give the patient? (select all that apply) A. the ileum absorbs fats and bile salts B. the duodenum absorbs iron and vitamins C. the jejunum absorbs carbs and proteins D. nutrient and electrolytes are absorbed in the small intestine E. plant fiber undergoes absorption in the small intestine

A. the ileum absorbs fats and bile salts C. the jejunum absorbs carbs and proteins D. nutrient and electrolytes are absorbed in the small intestine (Pg. 1277)

where does normal defecation begin? A. anus B. colon C. stomach D. small intestine

B. colon (Pg. 1277)

when an older patient experiences diarrhea, the nurse identifies that the patient is at risk of what complication? A. malnutrition B. dehydration C. skin breakdown D. impaction

B. dehydration (Pg. 1279)

which info would the nurse include when teaching about healthy bowel habits? (select all that apply) A. laxatives should be used regularly B. dietary fiber should be an essential component of the diet C. fluid intake should be at least 6 to 8 glasses of water per day D. physical exercises should be avoided to prevent constipation E. stress management techniques should be practiced.

B. dietary fiber should be an essential component of the diet C. fluid intake should be at least 6 to 8 glasses of water per day E. stress management techniques should be practiced. (Pg. 1278)

the nurse provides post-op care for a patient who underwent abdominal surgery. which nursing action will help prevent constipation in this patient? (select all that apply) A. performing a bowel prep B. encouraging early ambulation C. increasing fluids D. elevating HOB to 35 to 40 degrees E. establishing a regular defecation schedule

B. encouraging early ambulation C. increasing fluids E. establishing a regular defecation schedule (Pg. 1298-1299)

which bowel elimination problem is associated with abdominal fullness; cramping; distention; and severe, sharp pain? A. diarrhea B. flatulence C. hemorrhoids D. fecal incontinence

B. flatulence (Pg. 1280)

a patient reports no bowel movements for 3 days and a feeling of abdominal fullness. upon palpating the abdomen, the nurse finds that the left lower quadrant is firm. which instruction given by the nurse will be beneficial for the patient? (select all that apply) A. take loperamide as prescribed. B. include high fiber foods in your diet. C. consider eating white bread for breakfast. D. try to defecate at the same time every day. E. ensure that your daily fluid intake is at least 1.5L

B. include high fiber foods in your diet. D. try to defecate at the same time every day. E. ensure that your daily fluid intake is at least 1.5L (Pg. 1291)

the HCP prescribes methylcellulose to a pt with chronic constipation. which instruction provided by the nurse will help prevent complications? A. do not use the med on a regular basis. B. mix the powder with 250mL of water or juice and swallow it quickly. C. report to the HCP if you do not pass stools within 8 to 10 hours of taking the med. D. stop taking the med if you notice increased gas formation when you first start taking it.

B. mix the powder with 250mL of water or juice and swallow it quickly. (Table 47.2)

the nurse reviews the care of four patients and determines which patient has the HIGHEST risk of constipation? A. patient taking antibiotics B. patient taking opioid analgesics C. patient who has undergone an endoscopy D. patient who drinks 1.5L of fluids per day

B. patient taking opioid analgesics (Pg. 1279)

which condition is a predisposing factor for the development of hemorrhoids? (select all that apply) A. diarrhea B. pregnancy C. renal failure D. heart failure E. chronic liver disease

B. pregnancy D. heart failure E. chronic liver disease (Pg. 1280)

the nurse is caring for a patient who is immobilized. which action taken by the nurse will help while positioning the patient on a bedpan? A. lifting the pt onto the bedpan B. rolling the pt onto the bedpan C. elevating the HOB 15 to 25 degrees D. providing a smaller fracture pan if the patient has a humerus fracture

B. rolling the pt onto the bedpan (Pg. 1291)

the nurse reviews the medical record of a patient with diarrhea. which potential cause would be identified for the condition? (select all that apply) A. use of opioid drugs B. use of antibiotics C. food allergies D. prolonged stress E. hypothyroidism

B. use of antibiotics C. food allergies D. prolonged stress (Pg. 1278-1280)

the nurse provides care for a pt who reports constipation. which food item does the nurse recommend for the pt to include in the diet to relieve the condition? (select all that apply) A. meats B. whole grains C. legumes D. fresh fruits E. vegetables

B. whole grains C. legumes D. fresh fruits E. vegetables (Box 47.13)

the nurse reviews types of enemas and determines that a hypertonic solution enema is MOST appropriate for which patient? A. an infant who is unable to defecate B. a dehydrated patient who has constipation C. a patient who cannot tolerate a large volume of fluid D. a patient with a dangerously high serum potassium level

C. a patient who cannot tolerate a large volume of fluid (Pg. 1294)

while performing an assessment of a patient's bowel function, the nurse asks "Do you feel as though your bowel movements are incomplete?" The nurse is trying to determine if which problem is present? A. diarrhea B. indigestion C. constipation D. hemorrhoids

C. constipation (Box 47.3)

which statement is true regarding the difference between fecal impaction and fecal incontinence? A. fecal impaction may be the result of antibiotic therapy, whereas fecal incontinence may be the result of opiate therapy. B. fecal impaction is the accumulation of gas in the lumen of the intestines, whereas fecal incontinence is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from anus. C. fecal impaction is common is debilitated, confused, or unconscious patients, whereas fecal incontinence is common in patients with impaired cognitive function. D. fecal impaction is characterized by loss of appetite, nausea/vomiting, and rectal pain, whereas fecal incontinence is characterized by abdominal distention and severe, sharp abdominal pain.

C. fecal impaction is common is debilitated, confused, or unconscious patients, whereas fecal incontinence is common in patients with impaired cognitive function. (Pg. 1279)

the nurse is assessing a pt with diarrhea. which question will help determine the presence of other symptoms? A. do you feel bloated after eating? B. do you have to strain to have a bowel movement? C. have you had fever, chills, weight loss, or abdominal pain recently? D. do you have abdominal or rectal pain when you have a bowel movement?

C. have you had fever, chills, weight loss, or abdominal pain recently? (Box 47.3)

which condition may be caused by frequent straining during defecation? A. flatulence B. constipation C. hemorrhoids D. fecal incontinence

C. hemorrhoids (pg. 1280)

after performing a physical assessment of a patient with altered bowel elimination, a nurse suspects the patient has an obstruction of the small intestine. which finding supports the nurse's suspicion? A. swelling and pain in rectal area B. abdominal skin appearing stretched C. high-pitched and hyperactive bowel sounds D. bowel sounds evert 5 to 15 seconds

C. high-pitched and hyperactive bowel sounds (Pg. 1284)

the nurse provides medication education for a group of nursing students about a stool softener that increases secretion of water by the intestine. which info would the nurse include in teaching? (select all that apply) A. it's only for acute emptying of the bowel. B. it's the drug of choice for chronic constipation. C. it's a short- term therapy to relieve straining on defecation. D. it lowers surface tension of feces, allowing water and fat to penetrate it. E. occasional use of this med could cause fluid and electrolyte imbalances.

C. it's a short term therapy to relieve straining on defecation. D. it lowers surface tension of feces, allowing water and fat to penetrate it. (Docusate sodium laxative) (Table 47.2)

a patient reports to the nurse, "every time that i eat ice cream, i experience diarrhea and cramping." which condition would the nurse suspect? A. food allergy B. irritable bowel C. lactose intolerance D. decreased peristalsis

C. lactose intolerance (Pg. 1280)

which type of enema is used for infants and children? A. soapsuds B. tap water C. normal saline D. hypertonic solution

C. normal saline (Pg. 1294)

the nurse is caring for a patient with a colostomy. which intervention is MOST important? A. cleansing the stoma with hot water B. inserting a deodorant tablet in the stoma bag C. selecting a bag with an appropriate size stoma opening D. wearing sterile gloves while caring for the stoma

C. selecting a bag with an appropriate size stoma opening (Pg. 1279)

while inspecting the area around a patient's anus, the nurse notices lesions, discoloration, inflammation, and dilated engorged veins. which instruction provided by the nurse will help manage the patient's condition? (select all that apply) A. take codeine as prescribed B. take loperamide as prescribed C. take warm sitz baths frequently D. include meats and carbs in your diet E. perform regular exercises

C. take warm sitz baths frequently E. perform regular exercises (Pg. 1284)

which examination may be recommended for a pt in whom fecal impaction is suspected? A. gastroscopy B. barium swallow C. fecal blood occult test D. digital examination of the rectum

D. digital examination of the rectum (Pg. 1296)

which part of the GI tract plays a major role in bowel elimination A. stomach B. esophagus C. small intestine D. large intestine

D. large intestine (Pg. 1277)

the nurse examines a pt's stool specimen and notes that the stool is oily. the nurse suspects which cause of this assessment finding? A. infection B. intestinal irritation C. infestation of parasites D. malabsorption syndrome

D. malabsorption syndrome (Table 47.1)

while assessing a patient before administering an enema, the nurse inspects the patient's abdomen for distention. for which purpose is this nursing intervention done? A. allows nurse to plan for appropriate teaching measures B. helps determine number and type of enemas to be given C. helps determine conditions that contraindicate use of enemas D. provided baseline for determining the effectiveness of the enema

D. provided baseline for determining the effectiveness of the enema (Pg. 1302)

the nurse is caring for a pt with Chron's disease who has developed chronic severe diarrhea. the nurse anticipates that which med will be prescribed? A. bisacodyl B. casanthranol C. methylcellulose D. tincture of opium

D. tincture of opium (Pg. 1294)

the nurse observes the color of four stool specimens that have been collected. the nurse suspects which pt takes iron supplements? Patient A - clay Patient B - black Patient C - red Patient D - brown

Patient B - black (Table 47.1)