nurs 327 midterm

A patient has a wound that has hemorrhaged. What does the nurse understand is the cause of the patient's increased risk of infection?

Dead space and dead cells provide a culture medium

Which is the usual incubation period (from infection to first symptom) for AIDS?

10 years

A patient has developed chickenpox and asks the nurse what the incubation period would be. What should the nurse inform the patient

10-21 days

normal hemoglobin

12-17.5

The usual incubation period (from infection to first symptom) for hepatitis B is

45-160 days

What percentage of potassium excreted daily leaves the body by way of the kidneys?

80

A patient with renal failure is scheduled for a surgical procedure. When would surgery be contraindicated for this patient due to laboratory results?

A blood urea nitrogen level of 42 mg/dL

The nurse has been assigned to care for various clients. Which client is at the highest risk for a fluid and electrolyte imbalance?

An 82-year-old client who receives all nutrition via tube feedings and whose medications include carvedilol and torsemide.

A female client with sickle-cell disease is hospitalized for pain management. The client's BUN is 24 mg/dL and creatinine is 1.6 mg/dL. To assist with management of the pain, the nurse

Applies warm soaks to the extremities

On postoperative day 2, a client requires care for a surgical wound using second-intention healing. What type of dressing change should the nurse anticipate doing?

Packing the wound bed with sterile saline-soaked dressing and covering it with a dry dressing

Which client would the nurse recognize as having the greatest risk for complications during the intraoperative or postoperative period?

The 35-year-old client with non-insulin dependent diabetes.

A nurse evaluates the potential effects of a client's medication therapies before surgery. Which drug classification may cause respiratory depression from an associated electrolyte imbalance during anesthesia?

diuretics

The nurse has been injured with a needlestick while caring for a newly admitted client, and she goes to tell the charge nurse. What is the next thing the injured nurse should do?

document the injury in writing

The nurse is assisting with positioning the patient on the operating table. The nurse understands that the most commonly used position is which of the following?

dorsal recumbant

The nurse is caring for a patient with a meningococcus infection. What type of precautions should be used for this patient?

droplet

A nurse is assessing a client with diarrheal disease and determines that the condition has most likely resulted from a parasitic infection. Which of the following would be a potential cause? Select all that apply.

giardia Cryptosporidium

A patient is admitted with severe dehydration related to diarrhea. The patient was hiking in the mountains during a camping trip and drank water from a mountain stream without purifying. What does the nurse know is the most likely cause of this diarrhea?

giardia lambila

The client is taking oxycodone (Oxycontin) for chronic back pain and reports decreased pain relief when he began taking a herb to improve his physical stamina. The nurse asks if the herb is

ginseng

A physician orders regular insulin 10 units I.V. along with 50 ml of dextrose 50% for a client with acute renal failure. What electrolyte imbalance is this client most likely experiencing?

hyperkalemia

The nurse is assigned to care for a client with a serum phosphorus concentration of 5.0 mg/dL (1.61 mmol/L). The nurse anticipates that the client will also experience which electrolyte imbalance?

hypocalcemia

A nurse is administering moderate sedation to a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse bases her next action on the principle that:

it may be necessary to raise the head of this client's bed.

The nurse is caring for a client undergoing alcohol withdrawal. Which serum laboratory value should the nurse monitor most closely?

magnesium

Monitored anesthesia care differs from moderate sedation in that monitored anesthesia care

may result in the administration of general anesthesia.

A nurse practitioner was preparing a health education program for freshmen college students. During orientation week, the nurse mentioned that C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae are the two most common infections in sexually active young women under the age of 25. The nurse told the students that the most common finding for these infections is:

mucopurulent cervicitis

The nurse assesses a client to determine if there is increased risk for complications intraoperatively or postoperatively. Which are general risk factors? Select all that apply.

nutritional status age physical condition health status

A patient with abnormal sodium losses is receiving a regular diet. How can the nurse supplement the patient's diet to provide 1,600 mg of sodium daily?

one beef cube and 8 oz. tomato juice

Which drug is a nondepolarizing muscle relaxant?

pancuronium

Which of the following positions would the nurse expect the client to be positioned on the operating table for renal surgery?

sims

Which organism is responsible for impetigo?

staph aureus

The nurse is teaching students about the West Nile virus. Which statement by the nurse is accurate?

there is no treatment for the west nile virus

A perioperative nurse is assigned to complete a preoperative assessment on a client who is scheduled for surgery for kidney stones the next day. What category of surgery does this procedure fall into?

urgent

The nurse is caring for a client with kidney stones who is complaining of severe pain. What type of pain does the nurse understand this client is experiencing?

visceral

What is the priority action when the circulating nurse is completing a second verification of the surgical procedure and surgical site?

Obtain the attention of all members of the surgical team.

The patient asks the nurse how long the local infiltration anesthetic will last. What is the nurse's best response?

"The anesthetic may last for 3 hours."

The nurse is aware that infection is a potential complication of surgery. Which intervention should the nurse implement to prevent infection? Select all that apply.

Avoid touching sterile items unless necessary. Alert the surgical team of any breaches of sterile technique. Wear a long-sleeved, sterile gown and gloves.

Which is the most frequent cause of diarrheal disease in the United States?

Campylobacter infection

The physician has prescribed 0.9% sodium chloride IV for a hospitalized client in metabolic alkalosis. Which nursing actions are required to manage this client? Select all that apply.

Compare ABG findings with previous results. Maintain intake and output records. Document presenting signs and symptoms.

A client being treated for rheumatoid arthritis has been prescribed a glucocorticosteroid. How should the nurse best ensure this client's safety during treatment?

Ensure the client knows to taper down the dose if it is discontinued by the care provider.

The nurse educator is discussing pathogens responsible for various sexually transmitted infections. When teaching about bacterial vaginosis (BV), the nurse educator is correct when stating the overgrowth of which bacteria is responsible for this infection?

Gardnerella vaginalis

Which of the following is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) among young, sexually active people?

HPV

In which of the following medical conditions would administering IV normal saline solution be inappropriate? Select all that apply.

Heart failure Pulmonary edema Renal impairment

A nurse would implement droplet precautions for a client with which condition? Select all that apply

Pertussis Mumps Parvovirus B 19

he nurse is reviewing the medical records of several patients who have been diagnosed with the following infections:

Respiratory syncytial virus impetigo scabies

A 55-year-old patient arrives at the operating room. The nurse is reviewing the medical record and notes that the patient has a history of osteoporosis in her lower back and hips. The patient is scheduled to receive epidural anesthesia. Which of the following nursing diagnoses would be a priority for this patient?

Risk for perioperative positioning injury related to operative position

A client is diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The nurse should anticipate which laboratory test result?

Serum sodium level of 124 mEq/L

A family will be staying in a cabin by a lake and, upon arriving, observes rodent droppings on the floor in the kitchen. What is the best way for the family to clean up in order to avoid contracting hantavirus from the feces?

apply bleach solution prior to vaccuming or sweeping

When the nurse observes that a postoperative client demonstrates a constant low level of oxygen saturation via the O2 saturation monitor despite the client's breathing appearing normal, what action should the nurse take first?

assess heart rhythm and nail beds

The client is experiencing intractable hiccups following surgery. What would the nurse expect the surgeon to order?

chlorpromazine

Which of the following is a misconception about pain and analgesia?

chronic pain is due to a psychological disturbance

Upon shift report, the nurse states the following laboratory values: pH, 7.44; PCO2, 30mmHg; and HCO3,21 mEq/L for a client with noted acid-base disturbances. Which acid-base imbalance do both nurses agree is the client's current state?

compensated respiratory alkalosis