NURS 623 Exam 3 Practice/Review Questions
You have just completed a prostate exam on Mr. Jones. Mr. Jones is 56 years old, has been a 20 year smoker, and drinks 2 beers at least 3 times a week. What would you expect his prostate to feel like if it was normal? A. Hard, irregular gland B. Soft, boggy gland C. Rubbery, smooth gland D. None of these
C. Rubbery, smooth gland
One of the initial steps in assessing patients with musculoskeletal complaints is to determine whether the complaint is articular or nonarticular in origin. Which of the following is an example of an articular srtucture? A. Fascia B. Bone C. Synovium D. Tendons
C. Synovium
A 60 y/o man presents with an enlarged scrotum. The clinician uses a penlight to transilluminate the scrotum. In a patient with a hydrocele, what would the clinician expect to find? A. The internal structures will be clearly visible B. The scrotum will be dark C. The scrotum will appear light pink or yellow D. The scrotum will appear milky white
C. The scrotum will appear light pink or yellow
What is the best way to promote personal behavior change in your patient? A. Prescribe a health promotion treatment plan B. Write an order for treatment plan C. Stress compliance with your treatment plan D. Discuss choices with your patient and let him or her decide what will work best
D. Discuss choices with your patient and let him or her decide what will work best
Management of fibromyalgia include: A. Instructing client to keep busy as possible to keep their minds off the symptoms B. Avoiding exercise C. Using high dose NSAIDs D. Giving psychotropic drugs such as amitriptyline (elavil), in a low dose at bedtime
D. Giving psychotropic drugs such as amitriptyline (elavil), in a low dose at bedtime
Serum uric acid concentration of 7 mg/DL appears to be the threshold level when crystals are more likely to develop, in which disease process: A. Rheumatoid arthritis B. Osteoarthritis C. Behcet's syndrome D. Gouty arthritis
D. Gouty arthritis
Patients with gluteus medius or deep trochanteric bursitis typically present with A. Sciatic nerve pain B. Limited knee ROM C. None of the answers D. Increased pain from resisted hip abduction
D. Increased pain from resisted hip abduction
Which of the following are microcytic anemia A. B 12 deficiency B. Megaloblastic anemia C. Folate deficiency D. Iron deficient anemia
D. Iron deficient anemia
What is the most common cause of constipation? A. Holding of bowel movements B. Medication side-effect C. Dietary choices D. Lack of dietary fiber
D. Lack of dietary fiber
A 52 y/o heavy drinker with history of gastric ulcer is diagnosed with acute gouty arthritis. The best option for treatment of symptoms is A. ASA B. NSAIDs C. Local corticosteroids & ASA D. Local corticosteroid injection
D. Local corticosteroid injection
Which of the following tests yield the greatest amount of information in a patient with acute lumbar radiculopathy A. Lumbosacral radiograph series B. Bone scan C. ESR measurement D. MRI
D. MRI
73 y/o female presents to the clinic with recent healed fractures and you decide to have a bone density test completed on the patient. The patient's Dexa score is -2.7 what is the diagnosis for this patient? A. Osteopenia B. Normal bone density C. Low bone density D. Osteoporosis
D. Osteoporosis
A patient is seen in the office and is complaining of constipation. The patient lists all of the following medications. Which drug could be responsible for the constipation? A. Lisinopril B. Coreg C. Linzess D. Pepto-bismol
D. Pepto-bismol
Which of the following would be an appropriate treatment for a patient with mild BPH? A. Recommend cranberry supplements B. Refer to urologist for surgery C. Prescribe an initial tamsulosin D. Reevaluate in 1 to 3 months
D. Reevaluate in 1 to 3 months
The clinician has chosen to prescribe a SSRI instead of a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) for a patient fitting the diagnostic criteria for depression. Which of the following is not true concerning SSRIs in comparison to tricyclic antidepressants. A. SSRIs take less time to work than TCAs B. SSRIs have a more favorable side-effect profile than TCAs C. SSRIs are not lethal in overdose D. SSRIs are more effective than TCAs
D. SSRIs are more effective than TCAs
Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for osteoporosis? A. Excessive exercise B. Low caffeine intake C. Low alcohol intake D. Smoking
D. Smoking
A 30 y/o is seen with chief complaint of loss of libido. Which of the following tests would establish a diagnosis? A. Prolactin level B. Noctural penile tumescence & rigidity C. PSA D. Testosterone level
D. Testosterone level
A 22 y/o is seen complaining of vague belly pain. This type of pain is seen at what point in appendicitis? A. Late in inflammation B. 3-4 hrs after perforation C. Appendicitis never presents with vague pain D. Very early
D. Very early
AST is usually higher or lower than ALT in alcoholic hepatic injury: A. AST is higher than ALT B. ALT is lower than AST
A. AST is higher than ALT
It is important to educate patients with depression & their family members about reporting signs of increasing depression & suicidal thought. This is especially true during which period? A. 1 to 2 weeks after the initiation of treatment B. 1 to 2 weeks after tapering off medications C. When switching to a different medication D. Before the initiation of treatment
A. 1 to 2 weeks after the initiation of treatment
During a digital rectal exam on a 75 y/o man, the clinician suspects the patient has prostate cancer. What physical finding should make the clinician suspicious? A. A hard irregular gland B. A tender gland C. An enlarged rubbery gland D. A boggy gland
A. A hard irregular gland
The clinician is caring for Diane that is a 22 y/o woman who presents with an injured ankle. Diane asks the clinician if she will need an x-ray. The clinician explains to Diane that an x-ray is not always necessary for an injured ankle & that the decision to obtain radiographs is dependent on the exam & Diane's description of her injury. Which of the following clues in Diane's exam or history would alert the clinician to the need for obtaining radiographs? A. All of the other answers B. If crepitation occurs with palpation or movement of the ankle C. If she was not able to bear weight right after the injury D. If the ankle developed marked swelling & discoloration after the injury
A. All of the other answers
You have detected the presence of crepitus on examination of a patient with a musculoskeletal complaint. Additionally, there is limited range of motion (ROM) with both active and passive movement. These findings suggest that the origin of the musculoskeletal complaint is: A. Articular B. Inflammatory C. Nonarticular D. A and B
A. Articular
In an older adult with impaired renal function the FNP would anticipate that there is no need to adjust the antimicrobial dose with the use of: A. Ceftriaxone B. Tobramycin C. Levofloxacin D. Vancomycin
A. Ceftriaxone
Mr. J. K. 38 y/o, is 5 ft. 8 in. tall & weighs 180#. He reports that he has had intermittent heartburn for several months for which he takes Tums with temporary relief. He has been waking during the night with a burning sensation in his chest. Which additional information would lead you to believe that GERD is the cause of his pain? A. He awakens in the night coughing with bad taste in his mouth B. The pain seems to be better when he smokes to relieve his nerves C. All of the answers D. Coffee & fried foods do not bother him
A. He awakens in the night coughing with bad taste in his mouth
A 28-year-old patient is seen in the clinic with colicky abdominal pain, particularly with meals. She has frequent constipation, flatulence, and abdominal distension. Which of the data make a diagnosis of diverticulitis unlikely? A. Her age B. Flatulence C. Frequent constipation D. Colicky abdominal pain
A. Her Age
Which of the following is part of the treatment plan for the patient with irritable bowel syndrome? A. High fiber diet B. Daily laxatives C. Tylenol with codeine D. All of the answers
A. High fiber diet
In the elderly, which fracture is associated with the most serious (and often fatal) outcomes? A. Hip B. Wrist C. Spine D. Ankle
A. Hip
Which type of hernia results when abdominal contents protrude through the deep inguinal ring and is the most common type? A. Indirect hernia B. Direct hernia
A. Indirect hernia
Mary is a 49 y/o avid hiker who complains of a flu-like illness including fever, chills, & myalgia after returning from a weekend trip to New England. She tells you she has a rash which was initially a red spot that grew in size on her right leg. What disease are you considering? A. Lyme disease B. Rocky Mountain spotted fever C. Viral syndrome D. Relapsing fever
A. Lyme disease
A 34 y/o male presents to the office with complaints of new onset of right elbow pain & forearm weakness. He normally plays golf 1-2 times per month, however, he has recently returned from a vacation which included 36 holes of golf per day. Symptoms began on the last day of his vacation. He is a vegetarian & does not drink alcohol. On exam he has full ROM, although he has pain localized to inner aspect of the humerus. Considering the onset of symptoms, which of the following is likely your initial diagnosis? A. Medial epicondylitis B. Nerve impingement syndrome C. Cervical ruptured disc D. Gouty arthritis
A. Medial epicondylitis
A 25-year-old accountant is seen in the clinic complaining of crampy abdominal pain after meals. She is often constipated and takes laxatives. Following this, she has diarrhea for a couple of days. She temporarily feels better after a bowel movement. She states she is embarrassed by flatulence and has abdominal distension. She has had no weight loss or blood in her stool. This problem has gone on for about 6 months. What should the next step be? A. Obtain a complete history B. Order a barium enema. C. Schedule a Bernstein's test. D. Prescribe a trial of antispasmodics.
A. Obtain a complete history
71 y/o male presents to the clinic with recent healed wrist fractures and you decide to have a bone density test completed on the patient. The patient's Dexa score is -1.78 what is the diagnosis for this patient? A. Osteopenia B. Normal bone density C. Low bone density D. Osteoporosis
A. Osteopenia
Janet is 30y/o woman who has been diagnosed with a herniated disc at the L5-S1. She is currently in the emergency room with suspicion of cauda equina compression. Which of the following is a sign or symptom of cauda equina compression? A. Paresthesia of the perineum & buttock B. A reduced or absent ankle reflex C. Numbness in the lateral foot D. Gastrocnemius weakness
A. Paresthesia of the perineum & buttock
A 32 y/o right handed cake decorator complains of numbness in the thumb & 1st, 2nd digits of the right hand. She tells you she frequently wakes up at night due to the burning & numbness in her fingers. She states she has to shake her hand to try to get feeling back in her fingers. Which of the following would you include in your physical exam? A. Phalen & Tinel test B. Apprehension sign & phalen test C. None of the answers D. McMurray & Apprehension sign
A. Phalen & Tinel test
Which of the following is an acceptable suicide risk assessment tool for use in a clinic environment? A. SAD PERSONAS B. MMSE C. Functional test D. Crisis Intervention Checklist
A. SAD PERSONAS
Simon states that he is worried because he has a bowel movement only every third day. Which response to best? A. There is no such thing as a "normal pattern of defecation." B. The accepted normal bowel pattern for people ages less than 65 years is once daily C. You should have a bowel movement at least every other day D. Do not worry. We only get concerned if you have had not had a bowel movement after seven days.
A. There is no such thing as a " normal pattern of defecation."
Mrs. Allen is a 60 y/o woman who has been diagnosed with osteoporosis. She is very concerned about the risk of breast CA associated with hormone replacement therapy & is wondering what else is available to her. The clinician explains that biphosphonates are another class of drugs used in the prevention & treatment of osteoporosis. What teaching should the clinician give Mrs. Allen in regard to taking biphosphonates? A. There is potential for upper GI irritation, so these medications are contraindicated in people with abnormalities of the esophagus or delayed esophageal emptying B. This class of drugs can be taken any time of the day without regard to meals C. None of the answers D. Taking biphosphonates can result in hypercalcemia, so calcium intake should be decreased while taking this class of drugs
A. There is potential for upper GI irritation, so these medications are contraindicated in people with abnormalities of the esophagus or delayed esophageal emptying
Sam is a 25 y/o man who has been diagnosed with low back strain based on his history of localized low back pain & muscle spasm along with normal neurological examination. As the clinician you explain to Sam that low back pain is a diagnosis of exclusion. Which of the following symptoms would alert the clinician to the more serious finding of a herniated nucleus pulposus or ruptured disc? A. Unilateral radicular pain symptoms that extend below the knee & are equal to or greater than the back pain B. Morning stiffness & limited mobility of the lumbar spine C. Pathologic fractures, severe night pain, weight loss, & fatigue D. Fever, chills, & elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
A. Unilateral radicular pain symptoms that extend below the knee & are equal to or greater than the back pain
What is the proper order of assessing the abdomen? A. inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation B. auscultation, percussion, palpation, inspection C. palpation, inspection, auscultation, percussion D. percussion, palpation, inspection, auscultation
A. inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation
A 28 y/o patient is seen with complaints of diarrhea. Which of the following data would help the clinician establish the diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome? A. Sometimes is constipated B. All the answers C. Feels relief after bowel movement D. Does not defecate in the middle of the night
B. All the answers
Which of the following statements is true concerning the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome? A. Fibromyalgia syndrome can be difficult to manage requiring a variety of approaches & multiple medications B. All of the answers C. There is currently no cure for the disorder, however, patients should be made aware that symptom relief is possible D. Treatment is directed toward controlling discomfort improving sleep & maintaining function
B. All of the answers
56 y/o man with chronic prostatitis should be treated with trimethoprim 80mg sulfamethoxazole 400mg (Bactrim) for how long? A. 3 to 6 weeks B. 6 to 12 weeks C. 7-14 days D. 3 to 7 days
B. 6 to 12 weeks
Which hepatic enzyme is elevated with alcoholic hepatic injury and in acetaminophen overdose: A. ALT B. AST C. CRP D. GGT
B. AST (Aspartate aminotransferase)
Which of the following data are indicative of testicular torsion? A. Swollen scrotum with "red dot sign" B. Absent cremasteric reflex C. Testicle very low in the scrotum D. Pain relieved on testicular evaluation
B. Absent cremasteric reflex
An 82 y/o man is seen in the primary care office with complaints of dribbling urine & difficulty starting his stream. Which should be included in the differential diagnosis? A. BPH B. All of the answers C. Parkinson's disease D. Prostate CA
B. All of the answers
A 63 y/o man is seen in the clinic with a chief complaint of nocturia. Which of the following should be your differential diagnosis? A. Urethral polyp B. Benign prostatic hypertrophy C. Psychogenic nocturia D. Irritative posterior urethral lesion
B. Benign prostatic hypertrophy
Which of the following is considered the first-line treatment for panic disorder? A. Tricyclic antidepressants B. Cognitive behavioral therapy C. SSRIs D. Benzodiazepines
B. Cognitive behavioral therapy
According to Kubler-Ross the stages of grief occur in which order? A. Anger, denial, bargaining, acceptance, depression B. Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance C. Denial, anger, depression, bargaining, acceptance D. Anger, denial, depression, bargaining, acceptance
B. Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
A patient is seen in the clinic with RUQ pain that is radiating to the middle of the back. The clinician suspects acute cholelithiasis. The clinician should expect which of the following laboratory findings? A. Decreased indirect bilirubin B. Elevated alkaline phosphatase C. Decreased WBC count D. Decreased ALT & AST
B. Elevated alkaline phosphatase
The presence of a positive rheumatoid factor is always indicative of RA, true or false? A. True B. False
B. False
The clinician should prescribe an antibiotic that covers which of these organisms for a patient with acute prostatitis A. Gram positive cocci B. Gram negative bacillus C. Gram positive bacillus D. Gram negative cocci
B. Gram negative bacillus
Which of the following statements is true concerning the management of the client with a herniated disc? A. Muscle relaxants & narcotics can be used to control moderate pain, should be discontinued after 3 wks of use B. Intolerable pain for more than a 3 month period is an indication for referral for possible surgical intervention C. An epidural injection is helpful in reducing leg pain that has persisted for at least 3 weeks after the herniation occurred D. All of the answers
B. Intolerable pain for more than a 3 month period is an indication for referral for possible surgical intervention
It is important for the clinician to discuss the long-term effects of sexual assault with survivors. Which of the following is the most common long-term effect of sexual assault A. Substance abuse B. PTSD C. Depression D. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
B. PTSD
What indicates a positive Murphy's sign? A. The presence of crepitus on flexion of a joint B. Pressure applied to upper right quadrant of the abdomen elicits pain during inspiration C. Joint aspiration is cloudy D. Clicking sound is elicited in client's knee when their leg is fully extended and abducted.
B. Pressure applied to upper right quadrant of the abdomen elicits pain during inspiration
Mr. Wright is an 85 y/o & newly diagnosed with colon cancer & surgery is indicated. He is mentally alert, however he is refusing to give consent for surgery. As his primary care provider you A. Insist he listen to the advice of the surgeon B. Respect his wishes C. Order a psychiatric consult D. Call his family to have them persuade patient to proceed with surgery
B. Respect his wishes
Which of the following statements is true concerning the musculoskeletal exam? A. Radiographs should always be obtained prior to examination so as not to cause further injury to the patient B. The uninvolved side should be examined initially & compared to the involved side C. The part of the body that is causing the patient pain should be examined first D. The patient should not be asked to perform active ROM exercises whenever possible to avoid causing pain
B. The uninvolved side should be examined initially & compared to the involved side
A 46-year-old female patient is seen in the clinic with abdominal pain. Which of the following tests is essential for this patient? A. CBC B. Urine HCG C. Barium enema D. CT
B. Urine HCG
ALT usually increases higher than AST by greater than ten times the ULN in what conditions: A. Alcoholism B. Viral, drug or chemical associated hepatitis C. Septicemia D. HIV/AIDS
B. Viral, drug or chemical associated hepatitis
When percussing the abdomen, hyperresonance is present: A. After eating a large meal B. When there is gaseous distention C. During the second trimester of pregnancy D. Post appendectomy
B. When there is gaseous distention
Mrs. Smith age 92 lives independently in her own apartment. Her daughter is concerned about her mother's nutritional intake. As an NP you are aware there are physiologic changes that may affect food intake of the older adult. These include A. Diminished taste, senile entropion & thickened saliva B. Xerostomia, dysphagia & temporomandibular joint degeneration C. 3 Diminished taste, missing teeth, & presbycusis D. Xerostomia, endentulousness, keratinization
B. Xerostomia, dysphagia & temporomandibular joint degeneration
In caring for the patient with OA of the knees you advise that A. Applying heat to the knee following exercise will lessen swelling B. Straight leg raising should be avoided C. Quadriceps strengthening exercises should be performed D. You should never exercise again
C. Quadriceps strengthening exercises should be performed
ALT usually increases higher than ALT at 3 times ULN in what conditions: A. Septicemia B. HIV/AIDS C. Non alcoholic fatty liver disease D. Chronic alcoholism
C. Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
When you lift the testicles and the pain subsides this is known as what sign that usually indicates epididymitis: A. McMurphy's sign B. Cremasteric reflex C. Prehn's sign D. Obturator's sign
C. Prehn's sign
What is the treatment of choice for testicular cancer? A. Radiation implants B. Lumpectomy C. Radical orchiectomy D. All the above
C. Radical orchiectomy
Mr. Jackson is a 55 y/o recently diagnosed with osteoarthritis. The clinician has explained to r. Jackson that the goals for managing osteoarthritis include controlling pain, maximizing functional independence & mobility, minimizing disability, & preserving quality of life. Mr Jackson explains to the clinician that has first choice would be to use complementary therapies to control his condition & asks what therapies are most effective in treating osteoarthritis. What would be the most appropriate response of the clinician? A. "It would be crazy to use complementary therapies to treat a serious condition" B. "Complementary therapies should only be considered if surgical interventions are not successful" C. "I would be happy to discuss all the treatment options available to you. Complementary therapies such as acupuncture, acupressure, & tai-chi are being studied for the use in the treatment of osteoarthritis & have shown promise when used with standard medical therapy." D. "I am unfamiliar with complementary therapies for osteoarthritis & prefer to discuss more mainstream treatments such as NSAIDs & physical therapy to manage your condition"
C. "I would be happy to discuss all the treatment options available to you. Complementary therapies such as acupuncture, acupressure, & tai-chi are being studied for the use in the treatment of osteoarthritis & have shown promise when used with standard medical therapy."
Which hepatic enzyme is increased with viral hepatitis, drug or chemical associated hepatitis or non alcoholic fatty liver disease? A. AST B. BUN C. ALT D. CRP
C. ALT (Alanine aminotransferase)
The AST & ALT levels are markedly elevated over 20 times the ULN in which condition: A. Liver transplant rejection B. Hepatitis C exacerbation C. Acetaminophen overdose D. Acute liver trauma
C. Acetaminophen overdose
Sigrid, age 82, has irritable bowel, chronic constipation, and diverticulitis. Which pharmacological agent do you recommend? A. Senna cot B. OTC stool softeners C. Bulking agents D. Milk of magnesium
C. Bulking agents
Which of the following pharmacological agents used to treat constipation may cause flatulence and bloating and requires adequate fluid intake? A. Lamictol B. Linzess C. Bulking agents D. Senna cot
C. Bulking agents
Marian, age 52, is obese. She complains of a rapid onset of severe right upper quadrant (RUQ) pain, abdominal cramping, nausea, and vomiting. Your differential diagnosis might be: A. Diverticulitis B. Gastritis C. Cholecystitis D. Appendicitis
C. Cholecystitis
Which of the following test is most specific to the diagnosis of RA? A. Abnormally high ESR B. Positive ANA titer C. Elevated levels of rheumatoid factor D. Elevated CRP
C. Elevated levels of rheumatoid factor
You assess for Cullen's sign in Dan, age 62, after surgery. Cullen's sign may indicate: A. Cholecystitis B. Appendicitis C. Intra-abdominal bleeding D. Prostatitis
C. Intra-abdominal bleeding
A patient may need supplementation of Folate and Vitamin B12 if they have which type of anemia: A. Normocytic anemia B. Microcytic anemia C. Macrocytic anemia D. Hemolytic anemia
C. Macrocytic anemia
John is a 16 y/o boy presents to your office after hurting his knee in a football game. He described twisting his knee & then being able to extend it completely. John tells you he heard a pop when the injury occurred & has been experiencing localized pain. You suspect a meniscal tear. Which test would be most appropriate to assess for the presence of a meniscal tear? A. Lachman test B. Vulgus stress test C. McMurray circumduction test D. Varus stress test
C. McMurray circumduction test
The clinician is educating a patient about the effects of marijuana. The patient states she has been smoking for years & believes the use does not interfere with her life. What is a significant long-term sequelae of marijuana use that the clinician should educate this patient about? A. There are no long-term consequences of marijuana use B. Dry mouth C. Memory impairment D. Sexual dysfunction
C. Memory impairment
Which laxative is safe for long-term use? A. Senna cot B. Magnesium citrate C. Methylcellulose (Citrucel) D. Milk of magnesia
C. Methylcellulose ( Citrucel)
Which of the following signs or symptoms indicate an inflammatory etiology to musculoskeletal pain? A. Decreased C-reactive protein B. Hyperalbuminemia C. Morning stiffness D. Weight gain
C. Morning stiffness
The criteria for diagnosing generalized anxiety disorder in the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) state that excessive worry or apprehension must be present more days than not for at least A. 12 months B. 1 month C. 3 months D. 6 months
D. 6 months
Women are at the highest risk for developing postpartum depression for up to how long after child birth? A. 1 month B. 2 weeks C. 3 months D. 6 months
D. 6 months
The FNP is asked to evaluate a 77 y/o woman who recently had a fall. The patient is normally healthy & has no mobility limitations or other obvious risk factors. During the history the NP learns that the patient did not attempt to break the fall "I just suddenly found myself on the floor" This statement suggests A. Underlying sensory deficits (visual, hearing) are most likely the cause of the fall & require physical assessment B. Previously undiagnosed cognitive impairment that requires further evaluation C. That a history of alcohol use or abuse should be explored D. A syncopal episode requiring a cardiovascular & neurological evaluation
D. A syncopal episode requiring a cardiovascular & neurological evaluation
A 35-year-old female patient is seen in the clinic complaining of abdominal pain. Which of the following should be included in the history and physical exam? A. Digital Rectal Exam B. Pelvic Exam C. Sexual History D. All of the above
D. All of the above
A 45-year-old patient presents with a chief complaint of generalized abdominal pain. Her physical exam is remarkable for left lower quadrant (LLQ) tenderness. Which of the following should be considered in the differential diagnosis at this time? A. Endometriosis B. Colon Ca C. Diverticulitis D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Which of the following are risk factors for the development of a peptic ulcer? A. H. pylori B. NSAIDS C. Bisphosphonates D. All of the above
D. All of the above
A 45 y/o patient presents with a chief complaint of generalized abdominal pain. Her physical exam is remarkable for left LLQ tenderness. Which of the following should be considered in the differential diagnosis? A. Diverticulitis B. Endometriosis C. Colon cancer D. All of the answers
D. All of the answers
Which of the following should be considered in a patient presenting with erectile dysfunction? A. Hypertension B. Atherosclerosis C. Diabetes mellitus D. All of the answers
D. All of the answers
A patient with complaints of diarrhea is seen. Which of the following should be included in the differential diagnosis list for a patient with diarrhea? A. Lactase deficiency B. Inflammatory bowel disease C. Gastroenteritis D. All of the other answers
D. All of the other answers
Which of the following statements is true regarding the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome? A. Corticosteroid injections are discourage in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome because of the risks for median nerve damage, scarring, & infection. B. Splints are used in carpal tunnel syndrome because they allow for free movement of the fingers & thumb while maintaining the wrist in a neutral position. C. The goal of treatment is to prevent flexion & extension movements of the wrist D. All the answers
D. All the answers
Diagnosis for acute gouty arthritis is best confirmed by A. MRI of affected joint B. Elevated CRP C. Elevated WBC D. Analysis of aspirate from affected joint
D. Analysis of aspirate from affected joint
Which of the following tests is considered the "gold standard" for definitively diagnosing osteoporosis? A. MRI B. Urinary N-telopeptide assay C. Bone alkaline phosphatase levels D. Bone mass density measurement by densitometry
D. Bone mass density measurement by densitometry
One of the most frequent presenting signs/symptoms of osteoporosis is: A. Goiter B. Abnormal serum calcium C. Elevated urine biochemical markers D. Bony fracture
D. Bony fracture
When you stroke a male patient's inner thigh and the testicle on the same side fails to pull upward this is indicative of a testicular emergency and is called the: A. Prenh's sign B. Tinel's sign C. McMurphy's sign D. Cremasteric reflex
D. Cremasteric reflex
A diagnosis of__ should be considered in an 82 y/o woman with a new onset of urinary incontinence coupled with an acute change in mental status. A. Spinal cord compression B. Dementia C. Kidney stone D. Delirium
D. Delirium
The clinician has instructed Scott a 25 y/o patient with low back strain to use NSAIDS to manage his symptoms of pain & discomfort. Which of the following statements would be most appropriate when teaching Sam about the use of NSAIDS to manage pain? A. You should start with the lowest dose that is effective in managing your pain in order to avoid developing tolerance to the medication B. It is important to take NSAIDs on an empty stomach in order to increase absorption C. Your should take the maximum recommended dose of NSAIDs so that you will not need to take narcotics to control you pain D. You should start with the lowest dose that is effective in managing your pain, because long term use of NSAIDs can result in gastrointestinal disorders, such as ulcers & hemorrhage
D. You should start with the lowest dose that is effective in managing your pain, because long term use of NSAIDs can result in gastrointestinal disorders, such as ulcers & hemorrhage
Osteoporosis is more common in individuals A. Of African ancestry B. who are obese C. with type 2 diabetes D. with a long history of RA
D. with a long history of RA
Which of the following are potential side effects of NSAIDS and Aspirin use?
GI bleed; ulcer; MI; stroke; kidney damage
What are some long term complications of ulcerative colitis?
colon cancer; arthritis; inflammation of the eye; liver disease; osteoporosis; skin rashes; anemia; and kidney stones
What is the pathophysiology result of Charcot arthropathy?
progressive destruction of bone and soft tissues at weight bearing joints; in its most severe form, it may cause significant disruption of the bony architecture. It can occur at any joint; however, it occurs most commonly in the lower extremity, at the foot and ankle.
