Nursing 10 Quiz 1 (week 1 - week 4)
What are the 4 primary sources of fear.
-Disapproval: originates in the low self-esteem of many; when what others think of you is more important than what you think of yourself, you self-worth is fragile -Rejection: can dominate a person's persona to the point that he or she takes a back seat in all interactions -Failure: associated with low self-esteem -Confrontation: bringing a person face to face with a situation
Know each section of a research paper: Main Body
-Double Spaced -Center the full title at the top of the page -Indent for each paragraph
APA Format Spacing, Margins, and Headers
-Double spaced -1 inch margins
What are the elements of assertive behavior>
-Honest, direct, speaking up about thoughts and feelings -Goal to state your position while ensuring that each party's rights are protected
Multiple author references: Know how to handle a reference where there is more than one article by the same author.
-Use author's last name for all entries -List in chronological order -If publication date is the same year, list in alphabetical order of the article titles, while stating a or b behind the date Ex. (1981a) (1981b)
What does a nurse practitioner do?
1)Advanced study and certification 2)-performs physical and psychological patient assessment. -Has expert clinical interviewing skills to facilitates data collection -accurate problem labeling -orders diagnostic exams -prescribes medication
What does a clinical nurse educator do?
Responsible for staff development, program evaluation, in-services, New Graduate Nurse Orientation, staff competencies, Quality Improvement Assessment/Plan Development, and assessment/evaluation of regulatory compliance.
How many authors should be listed in the citation?
-No more than 7, -after the 6th use an ellipses, following with the last author
What are the elements of the ICN Code?
-Nurses and people -nurses and practice -nurses and profession -nurses and co-workers
How did the middle ages influence nursing?
-Nursing was based on imitating Jesus, who spent his life ministering to those in need. -Service was viewed as a means of securing salvation. -Religious orders were the way respectable women and men could serve as nurses.
What is morality?
-Personal values, character or conduct of individuals or groups within communities and societies.
What are seven traits of a successful negotiator?
-Planning skills -Ability to think clearly under stress -Ability to use common sense -Verbal ability -Content knowledge -Personal integrity -Ability to perceive and use power
Understand the five steps of working out an agreement.
-Preparation -Communicate and listen to the needs and interests of others -Define objective criteria -Search for mutually acceptable solutions -Finalize the agreement
Identify the differences between a priori and a posteriori
-Priori: knowledge comes before experience (rationalism- Plato) -Posteriori: knowledge comes after experience (empiricism- Aristotle)
What are the ICN fundamental responsibilities?
-Promote health -prevent illness -restore health -alleviate suffering
What does a operating room nurse do?
-Provides care for a patient immediately before and during a surgical procedure. -Works closely with the Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist to monitor the patient's vital signs, warmth, and safe positioning. -Prepares the operating room with supplies, equipment, and instruments, -serves as the communication liaison to family, other departments, and members of the operating team.
Which period fostered the scientific revolution?
-Renaissance -Philosophical humanism emerged with humans rather than God as the focus. -Empiric phenomena and subjective reasoning became the focus of knowledge.
Know APA format page headers and number of characters
-Running Head cannot exceed 50 characters, including spaces -Flush with the left margin at the top of every page -All headers should be in CAPS
What is the relationship between setting effective boundaries and moral courage?
-Setting effective boundaries is required skill for moral courage
What does a oncology nurse do?
-Specializes in the care for patients/family diagnosed with cancer. -Promotes a caring and supportive environment administers chemotherapy and manages the side effects.
What is ethics?
-The formal study of morality from a range of perspectives including semantic, logical, analytic, epistemological and normative. -a theoretical and reflective domain of human knowledge that addresses issues and questions about morality in human choices, actions, character and ends.
Understand self-soothing and the senses.
-The goal of self-soothing is to comfort yourself emotionally in the face of stressful encounters by doing things that are pleasant. -These techniques calm and relax the body and the mind by involving the 5 senses.
When was the Nightingale Pledge developed?
1893
Errors in thinking - reliance on another's judgment
"what you think about me or what you think is the right answer is more important than what I think"
Ranking of Nurse Midwife as a career?
#16
Ranking of Registered Nurse as a career?
#19
Ranking of Nurse Anesthetist as a career?
#5
Ranking of Nurse Practitioner as career?
#7
Ranking of LVN (licensed vocational nurse) as a career?
#73
what does a nurse midwife do?
deliver babies
What is the four-part assertive communication paradigm?
- A disclosure of the asserter's feelings. - A nonjudgmental description of the behavior to be changed. - A clarification of the concrete and tangible effect of the other person's behavior on the asserter, patient, family, or someone else. - A statement of the desired behavior change or solution you want or an invitation to problem solve
Identify the contributions of Florence Nightingale, Dr. Albert Schweitzer, and Barack Obama and how their contributions are related to moral courage.
- Born in 1820, Florence Nightingale was an English hospital reformer credited with fighting for improved sanitary practices in hospitals, public health facilities, and formal training for nurses. - Born in 1875, Schweitzer was a medical missionary, theologian, and philosopher. He lived his argument. - In July 2004, Barack Obama electrified the Democratic National Convention with a speech that spoke to the hearts of citizens across United States. He spoke with optimism about our future, an optimism he called the "audacity of hope."
What is the ICN preamble?
- Nurses have four fundamental responsibilities: to promote health, to prevent illness, to restore health and to alleviate suffering. The need for nursing is universal. - Inherent in nursing is respect for human rights - right to life, to dignity and to be treated with respect. No restrictions to nursing care - Nurses render health services to the individual, the family and the community and co-ordinate their services with those of related groups.
What happened during the "Dark Period of Nursing?"
- Nursing orders expelled from hospitals -hospitals were closed -nursing were the works of the least desireable people (criminals, prostitutes,drunks,slaves,etc) -nurses were uneducated
What does a occupational nurse do?
- Provides direct care to employees at a work place. -Manages worker's compensation records, monitors compliance to Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) standards/requirements. -Assess workplace environments to determine any potential health or safety concerns.
What are perception principles?
-A person's self-image influences how he or she sees the world. -No two people see things the same way.
Understand the difference between a positive and negative risk.
-A positive risk gives you the chance to stretch yourself. -A negative risk usually involves acting thoughtlessly or hastily.
What does a nurse administrator do?
-Assumes a role in developing the strategic plan, forecasting, and budgetary process for an organization. -Responsible for aligning the nursing department goals with those described in the mission and vision of the organization.
How did the Renaissance influence nursing?
-Birth of scientific revolution and a new era in the healing arts. -Empiric phenomena and subjective reasoning became the focus of knowledge. -Brought relief from witch hunts but didn't really change the lives of women. -Philosophical humanism emerged with humans rather than God as the focus.
Know each section of a research paper: References
-Center "References" at the top of the page -Alphabetical order by authors last names -Header on the left margin, Page number on the right margin -Double spaced -Hanging indent under the first line of each citation
Know each section of a research paper: Title Page
-Center the Title, no more than 12 words in length -Author's name, without titles or degrees -Institutional Affiliation -Include running head at the top as shortened version of Title, include a colon at the end of the phrase "Running head" -Page # flush right
What is cognitive reframing?
-Cognitive reframing is a psychological technique that consists of identifying and then disputing irrational or maladaptive thoughts. -Reframing is a way of viewing and experiencing events, ideas, concepts and emotions to find more positive alternatives
What does C.R.I.B. stand for?
-Commit to staying in the conversation until you find a solution that satisfies everyone. -Recognize the reason behind a person's position, and ask, "Why do you want that?" -Invent a mutual purpose by discovering your areas of agreement. -Brainstorm new strategies, and do not become stuck with "either/or" choices.
What does a flight nurse do?
-Delivers patient care on board a helicopter or airplane. -provide continuous patient care while in-flight to transport patients from one medical facility to another and from emergency or trauma scenes.
What do helping professions find their origin in?
-Helping professions find their origin, purpose, and meaning within the context of culturally accepted moral norms, individual values, and perceived social need.
How did the Reformaton influence nursing?
-Led to laws and customs that discouraged the humane care of the poor and vulnerable. -"Dark period of nursing" - nursing orders expelled from hospitals; hospital care provided by convalescent patients, prostitutes, prisoners, and drunkards. -Allowed for new types of thinking and opened the door for the Renaissance.
Define the concept of moral courage.
-Moral courage is the individual's capacity to overcome fear and stand up for his or her core values. -We need to recognize our fears without letting them stop us from being the patient advocates we are obligated to be as healthcare professionals.
How are moral courage and professional obligation connected?
-Moral courage requires that you understand your professional obligation to trigger the motivation that encourages you to take necessary risks -will help you deal with the hostility, defensiveness, side-stepping debates, and other tactics people will use to scare you into silence.
What is negative inquiry? negative assertion? fogging? saying no? Setting limits?
-Negative inquiry: used to clarify or make vague criticisms more specific -Negative assertion: agree with the truth in the criticism -Fogging: let criticism flow past you -Saying no and setting limits: involves an empathetic understanding of the other person's position, as well as the use of assertive communication skills
Know each section of a research paper: Abstract
-New page with the header and page number at the top -Center the word abstract no italicized/bold/etc -150-200 word summary of research -Do not indent
Formatting for journals: How should journals be formatted?
-The name of the journal goes in italics, but the name of the article does not. -The name of the journal has an upper-case letter for all words except trivial ones ('of', 'in', etc.). -The volume number is in italics. -The issue number follows it, in brackets but not in italics. The issue number is only included if each issue begins on page 1. -The page number range includes the first and last page of the full article, not just the pages you used.
Understand the concept of social need and nursing.
-The nursing profession was created by society for the purpose of meeting specific health needs -Nursing has historically responded to human suffering. -The relationship between social need and our motivation to care for others is complementary.
What is the intrinsic relational motif? How many relationships exist in this relational motif?
-The relationship between a nurse and different aspects of society -Nurse to patient, nurse to nurse, nurse to self, nurse to others, nurse to profession, nurse to society, nursing to society -(7)
What is the practice of nursing influenced by?
-Throughout history, nursing influenced by church and religion, hygiene, empirical data - response to human suffering - spiritual beliefs, religious practice, cultural norms, and political factors have influenced evolutionary changes in nursing.
Know how APA format page headers are different from the first page
-Title page reads "Running head", following pages do not -Page numbers have to be flush with the right margin
What are some questions to ask when afraid?
-What is scaring you— fear of failure, disapproval, or retaliation? -What are you afraid of? -What are you afraid of if this fear is realized? -If that happens, what are you afraid of next? -If that fear is realized, then what do you fear will happen?
How did the Early Christian Era influence nursing?
-With religious belief in a single male god, women's healing role changed from that of a sacred healer to subservient caregiver. -Women's place in the healing art was minimal when Jesus lived, but he challenged traditions by associating freely with women. -Most profound religious influence on healing beliefs and practices in Western civilization occurred in this era -Exerted profound influences on healing beliefs and practices
How are the concepts perception of events and coping with stress interrelated?
-Your interpretation of an event determines whether you experience anxiety (stress) or excitement. -Your choice of response to any event depends on what you perceive and how you interpret your perception. -Stress is not what happens to you, but the way you handle what happens to you.
Title of article: When should words be capitalized and when should they not be capitalized?
-capitalize only the first letter of the first word of a title and subtitle, the first word after a colon or a dash in the title, and proper nouns.
What is empathy a motivation for?
-for moral reasoning and action -"Do unto others as you would have them do unto you" -If we visualize the suffering of another person, we begin to imagine ourselves suffering.
What does a trauma center nurse do?
-responsible for the care of patients ranging in all ages, presenting with a benign or an acute critical illness, such as a heart attack. -This type of care and environment requires quick thinking, and excellent interviewing and physical assessment skills.
What roles did Florence Nightingale take on and what were her contributions?
-she was a nurse, social reformer, statistician, scholar, advocate for public health, theorist, researcher, author, leader, activist -Fought for improved sanitary practices in hospitals, public health facilities, and formal training for nurses
what does a school nurse do?
-supports age-specific programs for a student body and is a resource and liaison to parents, teachers, and students -Provides limited care on-site/campuses for students -Maintains immunization/health records and provides a forum and supportive environment to discuss concerns and provides information on healthcare or potentially sensitive issues.
What does a certified registered nurse anesthetist do?
1) Advanced Certification 2)interviews, assesses and evaluates a patient for anesthesia before surgery - prepares and administers the anesthesia and monitors the patient's vital signs during and after surgery
What does a palliative care nurse do?
1) certification available 2)specialized medical care for people living with a serious illness. This type of care is focused on providing relief from the symptoms and stress of the illness. - the focus of care considers the patient as a complete system and the patient's interrelationship to the environment, spiritual, family, and extended family and whose care may be delivered in a variety of settings.
What does a Clinical Nurse Specialist do?
1) is a Board of Registered nurses certified RN 2)advanced practice nurse that provides expert clinical practice, research, education, consultation and clinical leadership with an identified patient population.
What does a forensic nurse do?
1)Additional training required 2)This role integrates clinical nursing, law enforcement investigation/interviewing, and counseling skills. works with crime victims to gather medical evidence and provide expert testimony that can be used in court
What does a certified nurse midwife do?
1)Advanced study and certification 2)Provides care for low-risk women/family before pregnancy, during, through childbirth, and after delivery
What does a clinical care nurse do?
1)has specialized training 2)provides care for critically ill patients in a highly technical and ongoing monitoring environment, and supports the family during the crisis.
What does public health nurse do?
1)work with communities to educate people about health issues, improve community health and safety and increase access to care -Disease prevention, health promotion, wellness/health education are chief concerns. Geriatric Nurse
How did the ancient times influence nursing?
Ancient Times: Women were leaders in the healing arts when the reigning deity was feminine, bisexual, or androgenous(having an ambiguous sexual identity.). -As deities became more masculine the woman's role as an independent, primary healer was taken away.
what do nurse researchers do?
Contributes to the Science of Nursing - sometimes collaborating with other disciplines such as medicine, social science, or pharmacy, collects clinical data through the use of scientific methods
Define cosmology
Cosmology describes how people of the culture view the structure, origin, and processes of the universe
Define the concept of courage.
Courage manifests as the ability to manage the hardships that conflicts bring, along with an ability to endure adversity or suffering.
What are the possible reactions to assertiveness?
Defensiveness Hostility Sidestepping Tears Withdrawal
Define dissapointment
Disappointment: the feeling you have when plans or hopes are unrealized because your or another's lack of effort or perhaps just fate
What events changed nursing in the 20th century?
Entering the twenty-first century, nursing in Western culture is shaped by religious/spiritual and cultural influences of the past.
Define guilt
Guilt: feeling you experience when you have done "wrong" according to some legal or ethical value system
What are frames and how do they affect how we see the world?
Frames: cognitive timesavers that help make sense of complex information. -help us comprehend the world around us through selective simplification. - help us control multifaceted phenomena by dividing them into logical and comprehensible categories.
Who is the father of western medicine?
Hippocrates -stablished medicine as a profession -believed the care of the sick included observation, symptoms, rational conclusions, and a predictable prognosis. -Proposed the role of healing was to reinstate the healthy balance of four bodily humors. -The Hippocratic oath is attributed to him.
Define hurt
Hurt: arises out of unfulfilled expectations; cause physical or emotional injury, damage, or pain to another
What does a nurse case manager do?
Is responsible for patient education/monitoring of patients well being -identifying resources -coordinating care for specific/targeted patient populations
-Define normative ethics -Define meta-ethics -What is applied ethics?
NORMATIVE ETHICS -Study of ethical actions -The right and wrong, good and evil. - What is right in human action? - What is good or evil in human action or what we ought to seek? META-ETHICS: -seeks to understand the nature of ethics and moral reasoning. - Is there always an element of self-interest in moral behavior? APPLIED ETHICS: - It is ethics with respect to real-world actions and their moral considerations -wrestles with questions of right, wrong, good and evil. - Is it every morally right to deceive a research subject?
How many provisions exist in the ANA code of ethics?
Nine
Identify the components of crucial conversations.
Opinions differ, stakes are high, emotions are strong
Identify how Plato and Aristotle defined courage.
PLATO: Courage is one of the four cardinal virtues in the lasting tradition of moral character ARISTOTLE: doesnt fear fear, dying on battlefield
What does a maternity nurse do?
Provides care and education for women/family during pregnancy and prepares and supports the family for the childbirth experience.
What does a pediatric nurse do?
Provides care for infants, toddlers, children, teens, and encourages the involvement of parents/family. -develops a plan of care to meet the specific growth and development and cultural needs of the patient and family.
What does a Post-Anesthesia Care Unit/Recovery Room Nurse do?
Provides care for the patient immediately following an anesthesia-induced surgical procedure
What does a military nurse do?
Provides care to military personnel and their families within the United States, U. S. Territories, and International Military Bases.
Define the concept of virtue
Quality you'd find in a person of merit, focuses on the character of individual than their decision-making process
What does a geriatric nurse do?
The practice of healthcare in older adults.
Why do professions exist?
They exist to meet the needs of society
Define uncertainty
Uncertainty means you have limited knowledge, so describing future outcomes exactly is impossible.
What is one formula for being more assertive?
When you do X, I feel Y because of Z, and what I'd like instead is [request behavior change].
Errors in thinking - Overgeneralizing
vague and indefinite
Errors in thinking - Catastrophizing
viewing events as 100% bade
Errors in thinking - Stereotyping
fixing an image, either positive or negative, in your mind; divide the world into categories, and each category is associated with permanent set of qualities or characteristics
What is the International Council of Nurses? (ICN)
is a guide for action based on social values and needs.
Errors in thinking - dichotomous thinking:
this is either/or, black/white thinking