Nursing Theorists NCLEX ?'s

Using Betty Neuman's Systems Model, the nurse assesses the client's stressors. Which stressor would the nurse indicate as intrapersonal? A. An incisional infection B. Sleep deprivation C. A desire to be everything to everyone D. Recent loss of job

A. An incisional infection Neuman categorizes three types of stressors: intrapersonal (e.g., an infection); interpersonal (e.g., unrealistic role expectation); and extrapersonal (e.g., financial concerns).

When utilizing Leininger's cultural care theory, it would be important for the nurse to remember what concept of human caring? A. It varies among cultures and is largely culturally derived. B. It is universal and the same in all cultures. C. The nurse should teach it to the client's family members. D. It is absent in some cultures.

A. It varies among cultures and is largely culturally derived. Leininger's theory is based on the phenomenon that human caring is universal but varies among cultures and is culturally derived. The other answers are not part of Leininger's theory.

Nursing is considered a practice discipline. What should the nurse be aware is the main difference between this and a research/theory discipline? A. Nursing uses theory and research to help understand its focus. B. Nursing is not considered a practice discipline, and therefore does not utilize research. C. Nonpractice disciplines do not utilize theory in development of their focus. D. Nonpractice disciplines have a central focus of performance of a professional role.

A. Nursing uses theory and research to help understand its focus A practice discipline, such as nursing, utilizes theory as a means of providing new possibilities for understanding the discipline's focus. Other disciplines have research and theory development as their central focus.

Which nursing model focuses on the biopsychosocial adaptive systems? A. Roy B. Rogers C. Orem D. Parse

A. Roy Sister Callista Roy's Adaptation Theory focuses on an individual as a biopsychosocial adaptive system that employs a feedback cycle of input, throughput, and output.

A 12 year old client with a wrist fracture was casted in the Emergency Room and prepared for discharge. The nurse explains to the client ways in which the client can take showers, comb their hair, and eat meals without disrupting the integrity of the cast and needing the assistance of her parents. The nurse focuses on which aspect of Orem's Self Care Theory? A. Self-care agency B. Self-care requisites C. Therapeutic self-care demand D. Self-Care deficits

A. Self-care agency Self-care deficits result when self-care agency is not adequate to meet the known self-care demands. Orem's self-care theory is based on self-care, self-care agency, self-care requisites, and therapeutic self-care demand. Self-care refers to the individual performing activities independently.

A supposition or system of ideas that is proposed to explain a given phenomenon is known as: A. Theory B. Conceptual Model C. Concept D. Paradigm

A. Theory The definition of a theory is a supposition or system of ideas that describes, explains or predicts phenomena.

The nurse is evaluating the concept of nursing theories. Which would the nurse rule out as a purpose of nursing theories? A. To promote enhanced salaries and benefits for nurses B. To help build a common nursing terminology C. To help establish criteria to measure the quality of nursing care D. To offer a framework for generating knowledge and new ideas

A. To promote enhanced salaries and benefits for nurses The purposes of nursing theories include helping to build a common nursing terminology, helping establish criteria to measure the quality of nursing care, and offering a framework for generating knowledge and new ideas. There is a direct link between theory, education, research, and clinical practice.

Virginia Henderson, a nursing pioneer, conceptualized the nurse's role in assisting the client to achieve independence. Henderson's defined nursing as it focused on which of the following fundamental needs: Select all that apply. A. Providing self care B. Breathing normally C. Sleeping and resting D. Behaving as a totality

B. Breathing normally C. Sleeping and resting Henderson's definition of nursing conceptualized the profession as assisting healthy and ill individuals to gain independence. Henderson defined 14 fundamental needs. the needs include: breathing normally, eating and drinking adequately, eliminating body wastes, moving and maintaining a desirable position, sleeping and resting, selecting suitable clothes, maintaining body temperature, cleanliness, avoiding environmental dangers, communicating feelings, worshipping, recreation, and learning and discovery.

What would the nurse expect the nurse's role to be when utilizing Parse's human becoming theory? A. Assisting with the gratification of human needs B. Helping individuals and families change the health process C. Serving as an authority figure for the client and family D. Accepting the expression of positive and negative feelings

B. Helping individuals and families change the health process Parse's human becoming theory features the nurse helping individuals and families choose possibilities for changing the health process. The other answers are not part of Parse's theory.

What central theory was the basis for Florence Nightingale's definition of nursing, and is integrated in all aspects of nursing as we know it today? A. Goal Attainment Theory B. Unitary Human Beings C. Environmental Theory D. Interpersonal Relations Model

C. Environmental Theory Over 100 years ago, Florence Nightingale defined nursing utilizing the environment of the recovery of the patient. Her concepts about ventilation, cleanliness, quiet, warmth, and diet remain integral parts of nursing and health care today. The interpersonal relations model is Peplau's. The Science of Unitary Human Beings is Rogers's. Goal Attainment is King's.

Which intervention would the nurse use to implement Imogene King's theory of goal attainment? A. Interactions with the environment B. Determining how the client adapts to stress C. Purposeful transactions D. Listing self-care deficits

C. Purposeful transactions King's theory of goal attainment is based on the behavioral sciences, and includes transactions, which are defined as purposeful interactions that lead to goal attainment. The other answers are based on other theorists.

Which statement would the nurse include in a report on Jean Watson's theory of human caring? A. There are ten adaptive mechanisms commonly used by clients. B. There are five environmental factors related to client care. C. There are ten carative factors related to human care. D. There should be guidelines for including the family in client care.

C. There are ten carative factors related to human care. Watson believes that the "core of nursing" involves ten carative, or nursing intervention, factors

Which statement by the client would indicate to the nurse that the client is utilizing Orem's universal self-care requisites (needs)? A. "I am slowly adjusting to the loss of my leg." B. "When my spouse died in the car accident, I thought I would go crazy." C. "I will not allow my mastectomy to stop me from living life fully." D. "Sometimes I prefer to just be alone in my room and meditate."

D. "Sometimes I prefer to just be alone in my room and meditate." According to Orem, self-care requisites (needs) are measures or actions taken that provide self-care. Universal requisites are common to all people (air, water, food, solitude, etc.); developmental requisites result from maturation (body image changes, loss of spouse); and health deviation requisites result from illness, injury, or disease/treatment (seeking health assistance, performing prescribed therapies, and adjusting to effects of illness/treatment).

Nursing theory articulates the relationship among person, environment, health, and nursing. What term would a nurse use when referring to these four concepts collectively? A. Paradigm B. Conceptual model C. Grand theories D. Metaparadigm

D. Metaparadigm The term metaparadigm originated from the Greek words meta (with) and paradigm (pattern). The four concepts are collectively referred to as a metaparadigm. The others are simply terms used in nursing and other disciplines.

Which nursing theorists have developed nursing models? Select all that apply. A. Virginia Henderson B. Dorothea Orem C. Rogers D. Roy

Dorothea Orem Rogers Roy Conceptual models include those of Orem, Rogers, Roy, and King