nut 10 midtmier 2 sfjhskd

What is the Daily Value for cholesterol?

300mg

obesityy occurs when

An increase in fat stores occurs over time when caloric intake exceeds caloric output. In this case, the amount of calories consumed increases and exceeds the current level of activity. This means more calories are coming in than can be expended through activity. If this pattern continues, over time it could lead to obesity. calories intake is constant but caloric output decreases calroie intake increase and caloric output decreases

Which of the following is true about coronary artery disease? Check all that apply.

The lumen of the artery can start filling up with plaque, leading to a smaller opening for blood flow, which impedes the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the body. Coronary artery disease is due to plaque build-up in the arteries that lead to the heart.

Is LDL the "good" carrier or the "bad" carrier?

The role of LDL is to deliver cholesterol to the cells. When the bus driver gets "mad," or oxidized, the LDL buses can crash into artery walls, ultimately leading to increased risk of artery disease. Meanwhile, HDL is known as the "good" carrier because of its ability to scavenge cholesterol from body cells and return cholesterol to the liver for possible excretion. the bad carrier bc it delivers choelsetola to the cells

risk factors of CAD

cigarettes smoking smoke creates oxidation hypertension hypercholesterolemia (HIGH LDL and LOW HDL) dietary factors ; diabetes; increasing age; obesity;

obesity

condition of excess body fat that results adverse health effects

fat cell development

critical periods 1: newborn 3rd trimester to 1 year 1: teen (adolescentt growth from 12-14 years)

50-100 calories

daily explains obesity epidemic

300 milligrams for

daily value of cholesterol memeorizeeee

abdominal obesity

excess fat around the stomach and abdomen; also called male-pattern obesity

How does routine exercise contribute to weight loss? Check all that apply.

exercise burns calories which can lead to weight loss caloric output is greater than caloric intake exercise can create a caloric deficit leading to weight loss exercisen boosts metabolism

important to consider

meeting nutrient needs (except for calories) indiviual taste preferences calories deficit that allows for 1-2 lb weight loss per week

Cardiovascular disease, high LDL cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol, insulin resistance, hypertension (high blood pressure), type II diabetes, certain types of cancer (colon, breast, prostate, uterine), osteoarthritis, emotional disturbances (low self-esteem, discrimination, depression), and pregnancy complications are all health risks linked to obesity.

true

Exercise has many health benefits, including increasing metabolism. Exercise boosts BMR, so a person burns more calories at rest. The amount of extra calories burned after exercise depends on the type and duration of activity.

true

Monounsaturated fats have been shown to lower total cholesterol levels by lowering LDL levels (the "bad" cholesterol carrier) and maintaining HDL levels (the "good" cholesterol carrier).

true

ndustrialized countries, like England and the US, tend to consume more fat in the diet, typically more than 30% of total calories. Although dietary fat intake isn't the sole determiner of heart disease risk, greater intakes of total fat have been shown to be linked to an increased risk for heart disease.

true

seafood

twice a week and omega 3

VLDL

very low density lipoprotein passengers: triglyceride and cholesterol delivers triglycerides to cell

abdominal obesity

waist > 35 inches in women >40 inches in men

Cornary Artery Disease

-obstruction of blood flow through the coronary arteries -typically from ATHEROSCLEROSIS -contributes to angina, mycardial infarction, or death

normal

18.5- 24.9

desirable cholesterol is 1

180

As of 2017, approximately _______ of adult men and women in the US are obese or overweight (based on their Body Mass Index).

2/3

saturated fat

20 grams

cholesterol classficiaiton if you have higher than

240 thEN fkgh can lead to

overweight

25-29.9

total fat

65 grams

2500 x .35 = 875 then divide by 9

97 grams of at o reduce risk for heart disease, your friend has to consume less than 97 grams of fat per day.

total fat calories

< 25-35%

total sat calories

<10%

What are the two key characteristics of metabolic syndrome? Select two answers.

>35 inches for women, >40 inches for men) (correct: Metabolic syndrome is characterized as having 3 out of 5 factors. Abdominal obesity and insulin resistance are the two primary characteristics of metabolic syndrome. insulin resistance

men - apple shape - upper body obesity

>40 inches wait excess abdominal fat

Choose 1 (ONE) food source from the list below for each food source category. Some food sources can be used more than once. Type the LETTER into the blank that represents the food source you choose. Give a good food source of saturated fat:

All of the following are good food sources of saturated fat: shortening, butter, margarine , beef, palm oil, coconut oil, and vegan cookies made w/hydrogenated oils.

Which of the following is not a major risk factor for coronary artery disease?

Although consuming a low water-insoluble fiber diet is associated with a decreased risk of colon cancer, this is not one of the major risk factors for coronary artery disease. However, a diet low in water-soluble fiber is associated with a decreased risk of coronary artery disease, since water-soluble fiber help recycle cholesterol and can lead to a lowered blood cholesterol level.

what happens during weight loss

Once a fat cell is made, it does not go away, so when weight loss occurs, the energy reserves inside the fat cell dip, which causes the fat cell to shrink. However, the number of fat cells does not change; the fat cells simply become smaller in size.

Check all that apply: In an evolutionary sense, why did the body evolve to defend against weight loss

Body fat is essential for maintaining essential processes, such as those related to reproduction. When food was scarce, the body adapted to hold on to the fat stores more so women were able to maintain reproductive function. When humans were hunters and gatherers, they didn't know when their next meal would be to ensure that humans had enough body fat to maintain essential processes during long gaps between meals, the body adapted to use less fat from fat stores when food was scarce to prevent too much fat from being used for fuel.

food intake control many factors are internal

CNS - hypothalamus (if u damage eating behaviors are prompted and overeats occurs) Brain chemicals (serotonin and NPY) peripheral factors: hormones (insulin) fat mass and cell size (leptin signals)

LDL is

low-density lipoprotein passengers triglyceride and choelserteial rich drops off delivers cholesterol to cells

people who exercise

lower BMI lower fat cell size

Which lipoprotein has the ability to act as a "cholesterol scavenger" and bring cholesterol back to the liver for possible removal from the body? Chylomicron

HDL

There is no food source for HDL.

HDL is made within the body and is a transport form of fat and cholesterol in the circulation.

There are several proposed theories or causes to explain the origins of obesity in a given individual. Match each of the following causes with its corresponding description by typing in the letter of the correct description (i.e. type "A" into the fill-in-the-blank to choose description A). Each description will be used only once.

There are several causes of obesity, some with more evidence than others. Calorie imbalance is believed to be caused by excess calories that come in through the diet being converted to and stored as fat. Inactivity is believed to cause obesity because fewer calories are expended, while caloric intake remains unchanged or increases. The excess calories are then converted to and stored as fat, leading to obesity over time. "Set-point" (fat cell number and size) is believed to cause obesity because fat cells prefer to be filled a certain size, so the more fat cells an individual has, the greater the body fat. Genetic predisposition is believed to cause obesity because some individuals are born with genes that enable them to put away fat more efficiently or burn fewer calories. If caloric intake is not adjusted, over time this could lead to obesity. Having infrequent meal patterns, such as skipping meals, can cause overeating at later times. "Thrifty" metabolism refers to how some people fidget, causing more calories to be burned, or to how some people have a lower BMR due to inherited traits. Having a diet composition made up of high-calorie, dense foods that don't leave you full can lead to eating more calories than your body needs.

Complete the calculation in the video in order to answer the following question: What is the limit on saturated fat intake in grams that you would recommend to your friend, who is consuming 2,500 calories?

To reduce risk for heart disease, your friend has to consume less than 27 grams of saturated fat per day 2500 x.10 =250. 250/9 =27

Once a fat cell is made, it does not go away.

True, once a fat cell is made, it does not go away. Since fat cells want to be filled to a certain level, the more fat cells a person has, the more likely it is that they have a greater amount of body fat than someone with fewer fat cells. Since excess body fat can lead to health complications, it's important to maintain energy balance to prevent new fat cells from being made (excluding the two critical periods of growth where new fat cells are normally produced.)

Check all that apply: In an evolutionary sense, why did the body evolve to defend against weight loss?

When humans were hunters and gatherers, they didn't know when their next meal would be to ensure that humans had enough body fat to maintain essential processes during long gaps between meals, the body adapted to use less fat from fat stores when food was scarce to prevent too much fat from being used for fuel make sure women had enough fat stores for pregnancy and lactation

metabolic syndrome

abdominal obesity insulin resistance hypertension elevated blood triglyecide low HDL levels

insulin resistnace

above normal fasting blood glucose >100 mg/dl

eating less than 10% saturated fat

aka coconut oil and margarine

All of the following are good food sources of monounsaturated fat

avocado, peanut oil, and olive oil.

fat cells trying to fill up

bc we think we r dying

Excess calories are converted to fat and stored in

body fat stores.

obesity theories

calorie imbalnce inactivity genetic inference set point fat cells metabolism diet composition meal patterns( every 3-5 hours)

fat cell development -- cell size increases as intake exceeds expenditure

cell # increases as intake continues to exceed expenditure

women pear shape

fat in thing sn weight

lipoprotein lipase

fat storage enzyme LPL activity imputed by factors: fat deposit sit hormones weight loss

The number of adipose cells normally increases during these periods of growth. Check all that apply.

fetal and puberty 12-14

_________ cause(s) feelings of hunger, whereas _________ cause(s) feelings of satiety.

gherlin leptin

bmi obese

greater than 30

All of the following are good food sources of omega-3 fat:

ground flax seeds, salmon, and tuna.

fat droplet

hormones secreted by cell: adipokins

Which of the following risk factors for heart disease can be modified by an individual's diet? Check all that apply.

hypertension hyperchoelstermia obesity type 2 diabete s NOT INACTIVITZY

Exercise is important for weight loss because exercise ________ calorie expenditure, so kcals out are _______ than kcals in, which creates an energy deficit.

increases greater

exercise

increases BMR Regular exercise comes with many health benefits, including boosting BMR, preserving muscle tissue, lowering risk for chronic diseases, improving sense of wellbeing, and helping control food intake.

How does the body defend against weight loss? Check all that apply. The body:

increases LPL activity decreases BMR decreases leptin increases gherlin

LDL

is the lipoprotein that delivers cholesterol to the cells in your body.

Many factors, both internal (inside the body) and external (environmental), influence how much food we consume. Some of the internal factors include

leptin, insulin, and exercise.

traditional diets

less risk for heart disease

gherlin

levels go up before u say u r starving obese people say that they have elevated levels gherlin if u lost weight then gherlin still stays up

The three components of a successful weight loss program are a reduced calorie diet, physical activity, and behavior modification. Changing behaviors associated with eating and physical activity establishes a new habit, which makes the new behaviors easier to maintain. For example, if you pass a donut shop on your way to campus and always go in and buy a dozen donuts, a behavior modification could be taking a different route to school, so you're not tempted to buy donuts on your way to class.

not sleeplol

The current recommendation from the 2015 Dietary Guidelines for Americans is to keep saturated fat intake to less than 10%

of total calories to reduce risk for heart disease.

good food source of water soluble fiber

oranges oats apples beans chia seeds

HDL

passengers trigylericde and cholesterol pick ups cholesterol - returns to bus headquartes

BMI

ratio of weight kg / height ^2 (m) indirect measure of body fat

key components of successful weight loss problema

reduced energy diet behavior modification physical activity

coconut oil

saturated do not have

All of the following are good food sources of both saturated fat and trans fat:

shortening, margarine, and vegan cookies made w/hydrogenated oils.

All of the following are good food sources of trans fat:

shortening, margarine, and vegan cookies made w/hydrogenated oils.

saturated fats and trans fats have been

shown to raise blood cholesterol

body fat determination methods

skin fold thickness underwater weighing (hydrostatic weighing) biolectrial impedance DXA (dual energy ex ray)

eggs

super good source of complete protein no connection with egg connections dn cholesterol

if you don't lose weigh

then body stays hungry

external

time of day eating cues

A waist size greater than (>) 40 inches for men or greater than (>) 35 inches for women indicates abdominal obesity.

true

According to energy balance, increasing energy expenditure through purposeful physical activity, while maintaining or decreasing caloric intake, creates an energy deficit that leads to weight loss.

true