NUTR 3362 Vitamins

Which vitamin plays a role in over 200 reactions and is necessary for the release of energy? a. choline b. niacin c. biotin

B

which foods are good sources of vitamin E? a. meats and dairy products b. sunflower seeds and plant oils c. processed grain products

B

The condition that arises when one over consumes foods and/or supplements containing beta-carotene is called ______

carotenemia

the protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen is called ______

hemoglobin

function of vitamin A

immune function

An agent that causes birth defects is called a _________

teratogen

which of the following foods would NOT be a good source of vitamin D? a. cucumbers b. whole milk c. skim milk d. fatty fish

A

in the body, pantothenic acid is important for a. energy metabolism b. fatty acid production c. glycogen breakdown d. protein production

A & B

which of the following are considered roles of vitamins? a. regulates a variety of body processes b. involved in the growth and development of tissues c. provides energy in the form of calories

A & B

why is it unlikely that there are other vitamins waiting to be discovered? a. very ill people are kept alive for years on liquid synthetic feedings b. babies thrive on infant formulas c. other nutrients can serve the function of vitamins not yet discovered

A & B

the consumption of which foods has been associated with a decrease in the risk of developing age-related macular degeneration? a. vegetables b. grains c. fruits d. dairy

A & C

conditions that can result in a biotin deficiency include a. surgical removal of the colon b. stomach stapling c. long term antibiotic therapy d. taking anti-psychotic medication

A &C

signs of scurvy a. bleeding gums b. slowed wound healing c. broken blood vessels d. excessive iron absorption

A, B, C

the body needs choline to ____ a. produce phospholipids in cell membranes b. synthesize a part of a phospholipid in the liver c. produce the neurotransmitter seretonin d. as part of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine

A, B, D

rank the steps involved in the role of Vitamin A a. light activates rhodopsin, causing it to change shape b. retinal detaches from opsin c. activated rhodopsin stimulates rod cell changes that result in vision d. in the dark, retinal binds to opsin to form rhodopsin

D, A, C, B

symptoms of osteomalacia include a. liver failure b. soft, weak bones c. muscle weakness d. blindness

B & C

which of the follow is true about coenzymes? a. function of most fat-soluble vitamins b. cofactor c. regulates a chemical reaction

B & C

which vitamin do cells require to make coenzymes that participate in a variety of cellular processes, including the transfer of CH3 groups in the metabolism of folate? a. vitamin B-6 b. thiamin c. vitamin B 12 d. biotin

B 12

food sources of folate

leafy vegetables, liver, legumes, asparagus, broccoli, and orange juice

the deficiency disease caused by a lack of Vitamin C in the diet is called a. scurvy b. rickets c. pellagra d. beriberi

a. scurvy

B 6 deficiency signs and symptoms

dermatitis, anemia, convulsions, depression and confusion

function of Thiamin

energy metabolism

true or false: vitamins are helpful and safe in any moment

false

which disease is characterized by a vitamin D deficiency and leads to soft and misshapen bones in children

rickets

orange and lemons would be appropriate treatment for the deficiency disease known as

scurvy

vitamin C absorption occurs in the _____ ______

small intestine

Folate, vitamin B-12 and vitamin C are all examples of ____________-soluble vitamins

water soluble vitamins

events in digestion and absorption of vitamin B 12

1. hydrochloric acid separates B 12 from animal protein 2. the stomach secretes intrinsic factor 3. B-12 binds to intrinsic factor (IF) 4. the IF/B-12 complex enters the cells and the complex breaks apart 5. B-12 binds to a carrier molecule for transport in the blood

steps in role of Vitamin A

1. in the dark, retinal binds to opsin to form rhodopsin 2. light activates rhodopsin, causing it to change shape 3. in the dark, retinal binds to opsin to form rhodopsin 4. retinal detaches from opsin

presently there ______ much scientific info that supports claims that megadoses of vitamins can treat or prevent disease. a. is not b. is

is not

function of Vitamin E

antioxidant defense

function of Folate

blood formation

function of Vitamin D

bone health

the pigments called carotenoids are often found in a. dairy and meats b. grains c. fruits and veggies d. meats

c

regular health checkups and various screening methods such as self exams can detect _____ in it's early stages

cancer

because there is not a lot of vitamin D in our food, our bodies must get ________ exposure in order to make vitamin D

sun exposure

which vitamin plays a role in the chemical reactions involved in the release of energy from carbs?

thiamin