nutrition 1034 ch. 8
A man who weighs 176 lbs and consumes the amount of protein that is average for men in the United States, will consume about _____ grams more protein than his protein RDA.
36
Which of these values is closest to the protein RDA for an adult athlete who weighs132 lbs?
50
At a healthy weight of 176 lbs Brian meets his RDA for protein by eating _____ grams of protein.
64
How many different amino acids must be supplied in our diet?
9
____ store(s) the body's genetic information.
DNA
____ provide(s) the information for the assembly of amino acids into a particular protein.
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
What distinguishes one protein from another?
Each protein has a unique sequence and type of amino acids.
What happens when the albumin in the blood gets too low?
Fluid retention occurs in the extremities.
What is TRUE about the protein intake in the United States?
Protein intake levels are above the RDA for most people in the United States.
How does the denaturation of protein by stomach acid (hydrochloric acid) promote protein digestion?
allows enzyme access to the peptide bonds
_____ are the building blocks of protein.
amino acids
Proteins are synthesized by forming peptide bonds between one amino acid's _____ and another's _____.
amino group; acid group
An advantage of plant protein sources over animal protein sources is that plant protein sources:
contain no cholesterol
The vast majority of chemical reactions that occur in our body are catalyzed by _____.
enzymes
Edema is swelling caused by excess ____ trapped in body tissues.
fluid
The overall shape of a protein molecule determines its:
function
Proteins called ______ are chemical messengers that travel in your bloodstream and have a regulatory function.
hormones
Which of the following correctly identifies all the products of protein digestion that are absorbed by mucosal cells in the small intestine?
individual amino acids, dipeptides, and tripeptides
Which of the following would NOT be likely to increase urea production?
initiation of a weight-lifting program
The _____ converts ammonia to the less toxic substance urea.
liver
Urea is synthesized in the:
liver
What atom is found in all amino acids but is NOT present in starches or triglycerides?
nitrogen
Protein is synthesized by linking different amino acids together by _____ bonds into a chain.
peptide
Protein quality is based on the:
proportion of essential amino acids.
A high intake of which source of protein is associated with an increased risk for cancer, diabetes, and heart disease?
red meat
What is the largest source of protein in the U.S. diet?
red meat
A protein that increases the transcription of a gene in response to a specific environmental stimulus best exemplifies what type of protein function?
regulation
Which food provides an incomplete protein?
rice
Which of the following is LEAST consistent with kwashiorkor?
severe calorie deficiency
Denaturing proteins changes their:
shape
Denaturating of proteins occurs in:
stomach
Digestion of proteins begins in the:
stomach
is the process by which information encoded in mRNA is used to produce a protein.
translation
The majority of nitrogen is excreted as:
urea
Which of the following will NOT denature proteins?
water
