Nutrition

Kevin lost 3 pounds during his workout. He should consume a minimum of ________ liters of liquid to replace lost fluid.

1.5

Approximately what percentage of the adult human body is water?

60%

The AI for potassium intake is:

>2x than that of sodium.

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the role of water in regulating body temperature?

High body temperature increases blood flow to the kidneys increasing urine production, thus dissipating excess heat.

Which of the following statements about intestinal absorption of sodium, chloride and potassium from the diet is true?

They are readily absorbed.

In most people, hypertension results from:

no obvious external cause.

The shrinking of a strawberry from water loss after being sprinkled with sugar is an example of:

osmosis.

Water is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract by:

osmosis.

The DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension) diet is best characterized by:

plenty of fruits, vegetables & whole grains, with lean protein and low-fat dairy foods.

The normal pH of the body fluids of 7.4 is considered:

slightly basic.

Good sources of potassium include all of the following EXCEPT:

snack crackers.

In the United States, the typical diet is high in _______ and low in ________.

sodium and chloride; potassium

Water is polar because:

the electrons spend more time around the O atom than the H atoms.

Electrolyte deficiency most likely occurs:

when losses are extreme.

The DASH diet is:

high in potassium, calcium and magnesium while low in sodium.

Which of the following is LEAST likely to result in an increased need for water?

High potassium intake

Which property makes water a good solvent?

Polarity

Most of the salt consumed by Americans is:

added to food during processing and manufacturing.

The hormone that increases sodium reabsorption by the kidneys is:

aldosterone.

When table salt is dissolved in water, the sodium and chloride ions:

dissociate.

Sodium, chloride, and potassium in cells and body fluids are examples of:

electrolytes

Of the following, the tissue with the lowest water content is:

fat

The best source of potassium per calorie comes from:

fruits and vegetables.

Osmosis requires all of the following EXCEPT:

glucose.

The human diet has:

historically been higher in potassium and lower in sodium than at present.

Drinking plain water after a long period of excessive sweating can do all of the following EXCEPT:

increase potassium in the blood causing high blood pressure.

Fluid requirements for infants are proportionately greater than those for adults because:

infants have immature kidneys that are not able to concentrate urine.

The loss of body fluid in ways not obvious or noticeable to us is called:

insensible losses

Water found inside cells of the body is called:

intracellular fluid.