Nutrition chapter 1

carbohydrates contain _____ kcal per gram

4

consuming reasonable amounts of food while obtaining enough nutrients from food is defined as dietary ________ A. moderation B. variety C. overnutrition D. nutrient adequacy

A

what is an essential nutrient? A. a nutrient that must be provided by the diet because it cannot be produced by the body in the needed amounts B. can be produced by the body, so they do not need to be provided by the diet

A

Alkaloid is a phytochemical with which possible health benefit: A. reduced risk of certain cancers and macular degeneration B. stimulant effect C. antioxidant effects, may improve immune system functioning D. may kill certain microbes

B

most foods contain a mixture of______. A. fat, sodium, protein B. protein, fat, carbohydrate C. carbohydrate, protein, chloride D. sodium, chloride, fat

B

what is a nonessential nutrient? A. a nutrient that must be provided by the diet because it cannot be produced by the body in the needed amounts B. can be produced by the body, so they do not need to be provided by the diet

B

what is the smallest living functional unit of an organism?

cell

true or false- lipids are a micronutrient

false

true or false- vitamins and minerals provide useable calories for the body?

false

true or false- vitamins are a macronutrient

false

what are nutrients?

life sustaining substances in food

which nutrient is an energy source and necessary for the absorption of certain vitamins?

lipids

lipids contain ______ calories per gram than carbohydrates more the same less

more

1 kilocalorie = 1000 calories true or false?

true

humans have no internal drive that motivates us to choose a healthy diet. true or false?

true

true or false - water, iron, and glucose are considered essential nutrients

true

true or false- carbohydrates are a macronutrient

true

true or false- minerals are a micronutrient

true

water is a major nutrient. true or false

true

the nutrient that comprises the largest percentage of the body of a healthy person is _______

water

what is the most essential nutrient?

water

proteins contain ____ kcal per gram

4

alcohol has _____ kcal per gram

7

lipids contain _____ kcal per gram

9

Carotenoid is a phytochemical with which possible health benefit: A. reduced risk of certain cancers and macular degeneration B. stimulant effect C. antioxidant effects, may improve immune system functioning D. may kill certain microbes

A

what term describes the amount of a nutrient that is within range of safe intake and enables the body to function optimally? A. energy density B. physiological dose C. nutrient density

B

nutrient toxicity may result from ________. A. taking a daily multivitamin B. taking a megadose of a supplement C. eating large amounts of foods that are fortified

B C

Organosulfide is a phytochemical with which possible health benefit: A. reduced risk of certain cancers and macular degeneration B. stimulant effect C. antioxidant effects, may improve immune system functioning D. may kill certain microbes

C

phytochemicals have no health benefits. True of false?

False

Diet is the usual pattern of food that you choose to eat. True or False

True

true or false - on a food label, a Calorie is really a kilocalorie

True

the major role of carbohydrate is to provide the body with

energy

1 calorie = 1 Calorie true or false

false

1 kilocalorie = 1 calorie true or false

false

humans have an innate desire to eat in a healthy manner that directs us to make appropriate food choices. true or false?

false

the nutritional needs of healthy people remain the same during different stages of life. true or false?

false

true or false - phytochemicals are bad for humans to consume?

false

true or false - phytochemicals are from animals?

false

true or false- fats are a micronutrient

false

_____ is a nutrient needed in gram quantities in the diet

macronutrients

the making of proteins, generation of energy, and disposal of waste are all chemical processes referred to as ____________?

metabolism

_____ is a nutrient needed in milligram quantities in the diet

micronutrients

what nutrient's main function is the regulation of fluid balance, formation of certain chemical messengers, structural and functional components of various substances and tissues?

minerals

_________ is the study of how the body uses nutrients

nutrition

what is metabolism?

the chemical processes that occur in living cells

what do antioxidants do for the body?

they protect cells from being damaged or destroyed

1 kilocalorie = 1 Calorie true or false

true

to eat well, we need to learn the effects nutrition has on our health. true or false?

true

true or false - most Americans are food secure

true

true or false - phytochemicals are from plants

true

true or false - phytochemicals are non-nutrients

true

true or false - phytochemicals may have benefits

true

true or false- many popular dietary supplements are not helpful and may even be harmful

true

true or false- proteins are a macronutrient

true

contents of "plumpy'nut" a nutrient dense paste made for undernourished children in developing countries A. oil and sugar, powdered milk, peanuts, vitamins and minerals B. chocolate, powdered milk, peanuts, vitamins and minerals C. dried fruit, peanuts, vitamins and minerals, oil and sugar D. oil and sugar, chocolate, powdered milk, peanuts, vitamins and minerals, dried fruit

A

dietary moderation can be achieved by ______ A. obtaining nutrients from the food one eats B. consuming food in reasonable amounts C. eating an abundance of empty calories

A B

overweight or obese Americans are an example of _____ A. overnutrition B. malnutrition C. undernutrition

A B

which of the following is in the MICROnutrient category? A. nutrients required in milligrams per day B. carbohydrates C. non energy yielding nutrients D. fat E. vitamins F. energy yielding nutrients G. minerals H. nutrients required in grams per day

A C E G

What nutrients provide energy? A. carbohydrates B. vitamins C. minerals D. lipids E. proteins F. fats

A E F

which of the following is in the MACROnutrient category? A. nutrients required in milligrams per day B. carbohydrates C. non energy yielding nutrients D. fat E. vitamins F. energy yielding nutrients G. minerals H. nutrients required in grams per day

B D F H

a food or beverage that contains more key beneficial nutrients in relation to its total calories is called a(n) ______ food? A. high in empty calories B. physiologically dense C. nutrient dense D. energy dense E. mega dose

C

many top ten leading causes of death in the United States are associated with certain dietary practices. What are the top two? A. cancer and kidney disease B. Alzheimer's disease and blood-borne infections C. heart disease and cancer D. chronic lower respiratory infections and stroke

C

what is the primary cause of preventable cancer deaths in the United States? A. high fat diet B. physical inactivity C. tobacco use D. excessive alcohol intake

C

what term describes a food or beverage that is a poor source of micronutrients in relation to its energy value? A. nutrient adequate B. calorie balanced C. empty calorie D. nutrient dense

C

which is TRUE? A. a kilocalorie is the amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water by 1degree Celsius B. a kilocalorie is the amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1degree Fahrenheit C. a kilocalorie is the amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 liter of water by 1degree Celsius D. a kilocalorie is the amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gallon of water by 1degree Fahrenheit

C

there IS evidence that genetically engineered crops are unsafe for humans to consume or harmful to the environment. true or false?

false

what nutrient's main function is the maintenance of immune function, protection and maintenance of tissues, and protection against agents that can damage cellular components?

vitamins

what nutrient regulates body temperature, eliminates waste, and transports substances?

water

a food or beverage that contributes excessive amounts of unhealthy solid fat, added sugars, and/or alcohol to the diet is _________? A. high in empty calories B. physiologically dense C. nutrient dense D. energy dense E. mega dose

A

which of the following results in a loss of nutrients in a food? A. refinement B. fortification C. nutritional genomics

A

How much of a nutrient needs to be consumed for it to be considered a mega dose? A. this varies for different nutrients B. greater than 5 times the recommended does C. the amount of a vitamin or mineral that greatly exceeds the recommended amount of the nutrient D. enough to correct deficiency symptoms within a month

C

Which of the following is NOT one of the top 5 leading causes of death in the United States? A. stroke B. cancer C. kidney disease D. heart disease

C

what food that is energy dense but provides some nutrition. A. strawberries B. doughnut C. nuts D. pepsi

C

Glycoside is a phytochemical with which possible health benefit: A. reduced risk of certain cancers and macular degeneration B. stimulant effect C. antioxidant effects, may improve immune system functioning D. may kill certain microbes

D

how is a disease classified when a disease takes many years to develop and has complex causes? A. complex B. acute C. multi factorial D. chronic

D

the energy value of a food in relation to its total weight defines how _________ a food is. A. high in empty calories B. physiologically dense C. nutrient dense D. energy dense E. mega dose

D

to convert pounds to kilograms, you will divide a persons weight in pounds by ______ A. 55kg B. 0.22kg C. 1.2kg D. 2.2kg

D

what term describes a food or beverage that has more vitamins and minerals in relation to its energy value? A. empty calorie B. calorie dense C. nutrient adequate D. nutrient dense

D

true or false - antioxidants harm the body

false

true or false - very few foods contain all the nutrients needed by the body

false