Nutrition Chapter 7: Vitamins
What's an effect of cataracts?
Blurred vision.
Is Vitamin D fat or water soluble?
Fat
Is Vitamin E fat or water soluble?
Fat
Is Vitamin A fat or water soluble?
Fat Soluble
Fruits contain vitamins such as __________ and Vitamin C.
Folate
Vegetables contain vitamins such as Vitamin A, __________, __________ and Vitamin C.
Folate, Vitamin E
Vegetables are good for your FACE:
Folate, Vitamin's A, C, and E.
Grains have ___________ and __________ while Meats and Beans do not.
Folic Acid and Riboflavin
What are the major food sources of water soluble vitamins?
Fortified carbohydrates and produce
What are the major food sources of fat soluble vitamins?
Fortified milks and oils
What's a potential risk of free radicals?
Increased risk of chronic diseases.
What are the potential effects of oxidative stress?
Increased risk of heart disease, cancer, diabetes, arthritis, macular degeneration, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease.
Vitamin B12 is absorbed in the ________ part of the small intestine.
Lower
Vitamins B and C are (mostly) absorbed in the _____________ part of the small intestine.
Lower
Meat and Beans contain vitamins such as _________, __________, ___________, and __________.
Niacin, B6, B12, and Thiamin
Free radicals can be the by-products of ___________.
Normal reactions in the body.
What do free radicals cause?
Oxidative Stress
What will a deficiency in vitamins cause?
Physiological symptoms
__________ can be converted to vitamins by the body.
Provitamins
Milk contains vitamins such as __________, Vitamin D, _________, and __________.
Riboflavin, Vitamin A, and Vitamin B12
Free radicals can also be the by-products of __________.
Smoking
What are antioxidants?
Substances that neutralize free radicals.
What are vitamins?
Tasteless, organic compounds needed in small amounts.
What is bioavailability?
The degree to which a nutrient is absorbed from foods and used in the body.
Where are water soluble vitamins stored?
They are not stored in the body; excess vitamins are excreted via the urine.
Describe the toxicity of water soluble vitamins?
They are not toxic, but in excess they can be harmful.
How are fat soluble vitamins transported throughout the body?
They are packed in micelles, which are then packed into chylomicrons in the lymph.
Where are fat soluble vitamins stored in the body?
They are stored in liver, fat, and muscle tissues.
Describe the toxicity of fat soluble vitamins?
They can be toxic in high amounts.
How are water soluble vitamins transported throughout the body?
They enter the bloodstream directly.
Grains contain vitamins such as ____________, __________, _________, Riboflavin, __________, and __________.
Thiamin, Folic Acid, B6, Niacin, and B12
True or False: chemicals in the environment can create large amounts of free radicals.
True!
True or False: vitamins are either fat or water soluble.
True!
True or false: both fat and water soluble vitamins are only needed in small amounts.
True!
What are free radicals?
Unstable oxygen-containing molecules that can damage the cells of the body.
Vitamins A, D, E, and K are all absorbed in the __________ part of the small intestine.
Upper
Which vitamins are antioxidants?
Vitamins A, C, and E are antioxidants.
What are fat soluble vitamins?
Vitamins that are absorbed with dietary fat and can be stored in the body.
What are water soluble vitamins?
Vitamins that are absorbed with water and enter the bloodstream directly.
Are the B-Vitamins fat or water soluble?
Water
Is Biotin fat or water soluble?
Water
Is Folate fat or water soluble?
Water
Is Niacin fat or water soluble?
Water
Is Pantothenic Acid fat or water soluble?
Water
Is Pyridoxine fat or water soluble?
Water
Is Riboflavin fat or water soluble?
Water
Is Vitamin C fat or water soluble?
Water
Vitamins can be destroyed by air, _______, and ________.
Water, Heat
Which types of vitamins are not stored in the body?
Water-soluble Vitamins
True or False: beta-carotene is not an antioxidant.
False!
True or False: ultraviolet light is not a factor in increased amounts of free radicals.
False!
What are the effects of oxidative stress?
Accelerated process of aging
What's an effect of AMD (age-related macular degeneration)?
Difficulty seeing things in front line of vision.
True or False: B-Vitamins are soluble in fats.
FALSE