NUtrition Chp 13, exam 11-13

to reduce the rick of baby bottle caries, infants should be given

only water at bedtime

Most adelescent boys begin their major growth spurt when they are ____ years of age.

12-15

Hugh is a healthy man who is 25 years of age. Using this information, calculate his approximate target heart rate zone for vigorous-intensity physical activity. 153 to 180 bpm 137 to 166 bpm 165 to 213 bpm 128 to 147 bpm

137 to 166 bpm

A low-birth weight newborn weighs less than ____ pounds

5.5

According to the AAP experts, infants should be offered solid foods when they are of what age

6 months

School-age children should engage in at least ____ minutes of activity each day

60

According to scientific evidence, which of the following substances may improve the performance of sprinters and weightlifters? Creatine Chromium Bee pollen Vitamin E

Creatine

Which of the following activities is generally classified as aerobic? Gardening Cycling Stretching Playing golf

Cycling

How can you tell if a food has been irradiated to preserve it? Look for the Radura symbol on the package Smell the food and note any "off" flavors Observe any unusual color changes in the food Test the food for nutrient losses

Look for the Radura symbol on the package

Which of the following conditions is a common nutrition-related sign of early pregnancy that occurs in many healthy pregnant women? Gestational diabetes Iron-deficiency anemia Morning sickness Eclampsia

Morning sickness

What is physical activity? Movement that results from contracting skeletal muscles. Movement that results from any muscular contraction. Muscular activity of vital organs, especially the heart and lungs. Muscular activity that is planned and conducted for improving healthy

Movement that results from contracting skeletal muscles.

____ infection is the most common food-borne illness in the United States. Rotavius Influenza Norovirus Hepatitis A

Norovirus

Which of the following substances is an intentional food additive? Vitamin C Pesticide residues Fly eggs Dirt

Vitamin C

True/ False According to scientific research involving animals, increasing energy intake, taking DHEA supplements, and consuming megadose of vitamins can extend one's life.

false

Pregnant women generally need to take a supplement that contians

folic acid

To encourage healthy eating practices among children, caregivers should

have youngsters help select and prepare new foods

Gestational diabetes

increases the pregnant woman's risk of type 2 diabetes later in life

A farmer wants to control crop pests by using biologically based pesticides to attract and trap insect pests. This method of pest control is a form of integrated pest management. conventional farming techniques. traditional pesticide practices. inorganic chemical pest protection.

integrated pest management.

Which nutrient is added to infant formulas to prevent a common type of anemia

iron

Human milk is a rich source of

linoleic acid

Infants are physically ready to start eating solid foods when they

lose the extrusion reflex

Major nutrition-related concerns of adolescents include ____ intakes.

low calcium

During her 6th month of pregnancy, Miranda developed gestational hypertension. As a result of this condition, Miranda has a higher risk of giving birth to a _____ infant than a pregnant woman who does not experience hypertension. low-birth-weight post-mature high-birth-weight term

low-birth-weight

Compared to infant formulas, breast milk contains ___ per ounce

more cholesterol

Which of the following conditions is a common nutrition-related sign of early pregnancy that occurs in many healthy pregnant women?

morning sickness

Elsa is due to give birth to a boy in June. Before she became pregnant, Elsa weighed 195 pounds, which was in the obese BMI range. She should gain no more than ______ pounds during her pregnancy. 25 20 30 15

20

A healthy baby born at 8 pounds should weigh how much at the one year mark?

24 pounds

Iliana is due to give birth to a girl in March. Before she became pregnant, IIiana weighed 135 pounds and was in the healthy BMI range for her height. Based on this information, her physician will recommend that she gain ______ pounds during her pregnancy. 35 to 45 40 to 50 30 to 40 25 to 35

25 to 35

Lucinda is a healthy, physically active young woman whose energy requirement is 2750 kcal/day. Based on this information, what would be her daily energy requirement during her first trimester of pregnancy?

2750 Kcal

Which of the following types of pathogens is responsible for most cases of "traveler's diarrhea"? Bacteria Protozoans Viruses Worms

Bacteria

_____ often transmit pathogens to food. Snakes Birds Spiders Cockroaches

Cockroaches

After a tornado outbreak, Marie's house was damaged and her neighborhood experienced a power outage that lasted three days. Which of the following steps should she take to avoid food-borne illness during the loss of electricity? Do not eat raw or cooked foods that have been at room temperature for more than 2 hours Use a charcoal grill to cook foods to their proper internal temperatures in her kitchen Use water from a swimming pool or her car's radiator to wash her hands and dishes Serve foods from dented or bulging cans first

Do not eat raw or cooked foods that have been at room temperature for more than 2 hours

Which of the following foods is not a likely source of food-borne pathogens? Egg salad Dried apricots Chicken casserole Raw ground beef

Dried apricots

Which of the following statements is true? Phosphocreatine provides about 85% of the energy needed to fuel muscles during endurance physical activities. During high-intensity exercise, the rate of fat oxidation decreases. Glucose is the primary fuel for resting muscles. Amino acids are a major source of energy for contracting muscles.

During high-intensity exercise, the rate of fat oxidation decreases.

During her 7th month of pregnancy, Sari developed a life-threatening complication of pregnancy that is characterized by hypertension and convulsions. Based on this information, Sari developed

Eclampsia

Corrina is a twenty-five year old pregnant woman. Her need for ____ is 50% high than before she became pregnant.

Folate

Which of the following nutrients can be metabolized for ATP production? Magnesium Vitamin C Iron Glucose

Glucose

Which of the following statements is true? In ribosomes, food undergoes oxidative degradation, releasing creatine phosphate and ADP. Under normal conditions, muscle cells rely on amino acids as their primary source of energy. In the cytoplasm, glycolysis generates oxygen and carbon monoxide molecules. In mitochondria, pyruvate molecules undergo complete degradation to form ATP.

In mitochondria, pyruvate molecules undergo complete degradation to form ATP.

Which of the following statements is true? Boiling water for several minutes is not an effective means of purification. People who travel to Central and South America have a high risk of developing traveler's diarrhea. The water in swimming pools is safe to drink. Using a microstrainer filter is the best way to remove viruses from impure water.

People who travel to Central and South America have a high risk of developing traveler's diarrhea.

Which of the following statements is true? Longevity is a natural change that results when the human body reaches 85 years of age. People who experience more "wear and tear" of their bodies tend to live longer than people who do not experience as much wear and tear. Longevity results when a person does not wear out his or her digestive system by eating too much food. People whose cells are able to repair their damaged DNA may live longer than people whose cells do not have this ability.

People whose cells are able to repair their damaged DNA may live longer than people whose cells do not have this ability.

Cindy is pregnant with her first baby. Recently, she began to eat clay from a hole that she dug in her yard. Cindy's behavior is an example of

Pica

Anna enjoys grilling hamburgers, but she wants to reduce the chances that her food preparation practices result in food-borne illness. Which of the following steps should she avoid? Thawing the frozen ground meat on the kitchen counter. Sanitizing the plate that she used to carry the raw hamburgers to the grill before using it again. Washing her hands in warm soapy water for at least 20 seconds after touching the raw ground meat. Grilling the hamburgers until the internal temperature of the meat reached 160°F.

Thawing the frozen ground meat on the kitchen counter.

Which of the following statements is true? The prenatal period includes lactation. People are in the "older adults" life stage when they are between 65 to 85 years of age. There are three life stages: childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Young adults should learn about nutrition needs for different life stages, because the information will be helpful as they age.

Young adults should learn about nutrition needs for different life stages, because the information will be helpful as they age.

Anna would like to offer a high-fiber, nutrient dense snack to her healthy 4-year-old son. Based on this information, sh should serve

a small apple that has been cut into wedges

Dorothy is 86 years of age. Her _____ is likely to have a negative influence her nutritional status. arthritis ethnic background frequent socializing with friends and family daily exercise regimen

arthritis

What can a pregnant woman do to control morning sickness?

avoid foods with strong odors

Which nutirent is most likely to be deficient in an older adult

b-12

By performing exercise regularly, people can reduce their risk of pernicious anemia. hemochromatosis. cardiovascular disease. thalassemia minor.

cardiovascular disease.

______ is swelling of the hands and feet that often occurs during pregnancy and is not considered serious

edema

During the first eight weekd after conception , a developing human being is an

embryo

Food most likely to cause an allergic reaction in a child

peanuts

Physical fitness is the ability to engage in high-intensity workouts by reaching one's maximum heart rate within 5 minutes of beginning the exertion. move joints beyond their normal range of motion. maintain maximum heart rate for 10 minutes, without warming up. perform moderate- to vigorous physical activity without becoming excessively tired.

perform moderate- to vigorous physical activity without becoming excessively tired.

The ____ is the organ of pregnancy that transfers nutrients and oxygen from the mother to her embryo/fetus

placenta

To improve their children's eating habits, caregivers should prepare and eat meals more meals together as a family. use the promise of desserts as a reward for eating vegetables. encourage children to eat at least 2 servings of fruits and vegetables daily. discourage snacking.

prepare and eat meals more meals together as a family.

To boost his complex carbohydrate intake without adding much fat to his diet, Devon can eat cheese. peanut butter. doughnuts. pretzels

pretzels

The goal of "Let's MOve"

reduce childhood obesity

Reduced ____ is a normal physiological change associated with aging

secretion of intrinsic factor

______ refers to declining organ functioning and increased vulnerability to diseases that occurs after a person reaches physical maturity

senescence

Compared to preschoolers, older children tend to

skip breakfast

Belva is 83 years of age. Her ______ is likely to have a negative influence on her nutritional status.

social isolation

IN the US, the diets of many school-age children supply too much

sodium

In the United States, the diets of many school-age children supply too much iron. sodium. potassium. calcium.

sodium.

Margaret is 87 years of age. Compared to when she was 27 years of age, her _____ now.

stomach secretes less intrinsic factor

True/ False Depression in older adults often leads to weight loss and nutrient deficiencies

true

Infants _____ have a high risk of obesity. whose mothers are obese who obtain regular physical activity with birth weights between 6.0 and 8.0 pounds that are given vitamin C supplements

whose mothers are obese