Nutrition exam 4

The USDA recommends that a salmon steak be cooked until its internal temperature is at least

145 ºF.

The USDA recommends that fresh pork be cooked until its internal temperature is at least

145 ºF.

Monroe is a healthy 55-year-old man. According to recommendations of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, he should perform ________ minutes of moderately intense physical activity each week.

150

The USDA recommends that fresh ground meat be cooked until its internal temperature is at least

160 ºF.

According to the USDA, a whole cooked chicken is safe to serve when its internal temperature reaches a minimum of

165 ºF.

The USDA recommends that fresh turkey be cooked until its internal temperature is at least

165 ºF.

Lisa is a healthy young woman whose energy requirement is 2250 kcal/day. Based on this information, what would be her daily energy requirement during her first trimester of pregnancy?

2250 kcal

Gabrielle is due to give birth to a boy in March. Before she became pregnant, Gabrielle weighed 140 pounds, which was in the healthy BMI range for her height. Based on this information, her physician will recommend that she gain ________ pounds during her pregnancy.

25 to 35

James and his five relatives live in New Orleans, Louisiana. For him and his family to survive a major hurricane, James wants to store enough clean water to last for about 5 days. Based on this information, he should store at least ________ gallons of bottled and sealed water.

30

Pathogenic bacteria are likely to multiply rapidly when environmental temperatures are between

40 and 140 ºF.

Which of the following statements is true?

A child's appetite typically increases as his or her growth rate increases

Which of the following statements is true?

A comprehensive fitness program includes aerobic, resistance, and stretching activities.

________ is the primary source of direct energy ("energy currency") for cells.

ATP

________ are poisonous substances produced by certain molds that can cause liver damage and death.

Aflatoxins

Which of the following conditions is often associated with the abuse of anabolic steroids?

Aggressive behavior

Which of the following types of pathogens is responsible for most cases of "traveler's diarrhea"?

Bacteria

Which of the following practices is the most reliable way of sanitizing impure water?

Boiling the water

BJ wants to follow the "Check Your Steps" rules for food safety. When he prepares high-risk foods, he washes his hands before and after touching the food; sanitizes surfaces that come in contact with all foods; avoids cross contamination; cooks meats to their proper internal temperatures; and after meals, he keeps serving dishes with cooked food on the table, so his guests can nibble on the items. After eating one of his meals, he and his dinner guests developed a food-borne illness. Based on this information, which step did he fail to take?

Chill

Felicia wants to follow the "Check Your Steps" rules for food safety. When she prepares high-risk foods, she avoids cross contamination, cooks raw foods to their safe internal temperatures, and chills leftovers within 30 minutes after serving them. After eating one of her meals, Felicia and her dinner guests developed a food-borne illness. Based on this information, which step did she fail to take?

Clean

Trevor enjoys cooking chicken, but he wants to reduce the chances that his food preparation practices do not result in cross contamination. What should he avoid doing?

Cleaning the plate used to carry the chicken to the grill with a paper towel before using it for serving raw vegetables

Infants should not be fed honey because it can contain

Clostridium botulinum spores.

________ often transmit pathogens to food.

Cockroaches

Which of the following safety steps should you take if your home experiences a loss of electricity that lasts for several days?

Cook foods and boil water on a charcoal grill that is outdoors

Which of the following foods is not a likely source of food-borne pathogens?

Dried apricots

Which of the following food preservation methods draws water from cells, reducing the likelihood many pathogens can survive?

Drying

Which of the following statements is true?

During high-intensity exercise, the rate of fat oxidation decreases.

Which of the following U.S. government agencies oversees the quality of drinking water?

Environmental Protection Agency

________ is a direct (intentional) food additive.

FD&C Red No. 40

Rose is an obese 5-year-old child. ________ is a factor that is associated with increased risk of excess body fat in preschool children.

Family history of obesity

Which of the following nutrients can be metabolized for ATP production?

Fat

________ is a common nutrition-related sign or symptom of early pregnancy that occurs in many healthy pregnant women.

Fatigue

________ often transmit pathogens to food.

Flies

Which of the following foods is often recommended for an athlete who wants to replenish his or her glycogen stores quickly after performing vigorous physical activity?

Fruit juices

On her last camping trip, Jenny swallowed some water when she swam in a lake. Two days later, she suddenly experienced severe abdominal pain and watery diarrhea. Based on this information, Jenny probably is infected with

Giardia.

The following substances were detected in a jar of baby food. Which of the substances is a not a direct food additive?

Glass fragment

Which of the following nutrients can be metabolized for ATP production?

Glucose

Which of the following physical activities metabolizes the most carbohydrate?

Hard cycling for 1 hour

________ is a physiological change associated with aging.

Hardening of the arteries

________ is a form of vigorous physical activity.

Lap swimming

________ are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of cells because most of the energy stored in macronutrients is released in them.

Mitochondria

Which of the following statements is true?

Most physically active people should consume 20 to 35% of their total energy intake from fat

________ infection is the most common food-borne illness in the United States.

Norovirus

Muscle cells can use the ________ energy system to obtain energy.

PCr-ATP

Which of the following foods would be a nutritious low-fat, high-carbohydrate meal for an athlete?

Pasta with fresh vegetables

Which of the following statements is true?

People who travel to Central and South America have a high risk of developing traveler's diarrhea.

Which of the following statements is true?

Pesticides help protect the food supply and keep food costs down.

What is exercise?

Physical activities that are planned and conducted to have fun.

________ stimulates milk production by certain cells in the breast.

Prolactin

Michelle's weekly exercise program includes stair stepping, static stretching, cycling, and push-ups. Which of these activities is generally classified as a strength (resistance) exercise?

Push-ups

Which of the following foods is likely to be a source of Salmonella?

Raw chicken

Which of the following foods is usually recommended as the first solid food for infants?

Rice cereal

Which of the following pesticides kills mice and rats?

Rodenticide

Which of the following food preservation methods is the most effective for destroying pathogens, including viruses?

Sterilization

What is physical fitness?

The ability to perform moderate- to vigorous physical activity without becoming excessively tired.

________ is a type of parasitic worm that can be transferred to humans who eat raw or undercooked pork, bear, or seal meat.

Trichinella

Which of the following physical activities metabolizes the most fat?

Walking for an hour

________ is the gradual process of shifting a baby from breastfeeding or bottle feeding to drinking from a cup and eating solid foods.

Weaning

Anna would like to offer a high-fiber, nutrient-dense snack to her healthy 4-year-old son. Based on this information, she should serve

a small unpeeled apple that has been cut into wedges.

According to the Food Additives Amendment of 1958,

an additive that was in use and deemed safe prior to 1958 was placed on the GRAS list.

Many sports organizations have banned the use of ________ by athletes.

anabolic steroids

Pathogens

are disease-causing microbes.

Most infants are physically ready to start eating solid foods when they

can sit up with some back support.

) By performing exercise regularly, people can reduce their risk of

cardiovascular disease.

Irina is an American who is traveling through Northern Africa. Today, she's staying with friends in a house that is 20 miles south of Cairo, Egypt. To avoid traveler's diarrhea, Irina should

drink only water that has been boiled or is in a sealed bottle.

During her 7th month of pregnancy, Sari developed a life-threatening complication of pregnancy that is characterized by hypertension and convulsions. Based on this information, Sari developed

eclampsia.

The hormone oxytocin

enables the "let-down" reflex to occur when a woman breastfeeds her baby.

In the United States, the diets of many school-age children do not supply enough

fiber.

Corrina is a 25-year-old pregnant woman. Her need for ________ is 50% higher than before she became pregnant.

folate

Pregnant women generally need to take a supplement that contains

folic acid.

Muscles store ________, the immediate source of glucose for contracting muscles.

glycogen

An effective and comprehensive aerobic workout program

gradually increases in duration and intensity of activities.

To encourage healthy eating practices among children, caregivers should

have youngsters help select and prepare new foods.

The process of pasteurization involves the use of

heat to kill pathogens.

To make your exercise routine more enjoyable, the routine should

incorporate a variety of aerobic, resistance, and flexibility activities.

Caffeine's physiological effects

increases urine production.

Pregnant women generally need to take a supplement that contains

iron.

Muscle cells can use the ________ energy system to obtain energy.

lactic acid

Under anaerobic conditions, muscle cells convert pyruvate to

lactic acid.

Human milk is naturally a rich source of

lipids.

Infants are physically ready to start eating solid foods when they

lose the extrusion reflex.

Major nutrition-related concerns of adolescents include ________ intakes.

low calcium

Major nutrition-related concerns of adolescents include ________ intakes.

low iron

Compared to preschoolers, older children tend to eat

more foods away from home

Compared to preschoolers, older children tend to eat

more sugar-sweetened beverages.

People who exercise regularly can reduce their risk of

osteoporosis.

Muscle cells can use the ________ energy system to obtain energy.

oxygen

Harold grows apple trees on his small farm. He practices organic farming methods, so he doesn't use pesticides. This fall, he would like to make minimally-processed organic apple juice that does not contain preservatives. He wants to sell the beverage at the local farmer's market. Based on this information, Harold should ________ before bottling the juice to make it safe for consumers.

pasteurize the juice

Some women crave non-food items during pregnancy. This behavior is called

pica.

The ________ is the organ of pregnancy that transfers nutrients and oxygen from the mother's bloodstream to the embryo/fetus.

placenta

The life stage that encompasses the prenatal period is

pregnancy.

To improve their children's eating habits, caregivers should

prepare and eat meals more meals together as a family.

Human milk naturally contains contains less ________ per ounce than whole cow's milk.

protein

Caregivers should not feed ________ to infants.

semisolid food in a baby bottle

In the United States, the diets of many school-age children supply too much

sodium.

After Ariel gave birth to a healthy baby boy, the physician immediately placed the baby next to Ariel's breast so the infant could begin breastfeeding. This practice

stimulates Ariel's uterus to contract, reducing her risk of bleeding excessively.

During pregnancy, edema can be a sign of a serious health problem if

the swelling is accompanied by hypertension and protein in the urine.

People who exercise regularly can reduce their risk of

type 2 diabetes

A ________ is simply a piece of genetic material coated with protein.

virus

During her 6th month of pregnancy, Miranda developed gestational hypertension. As a result of this condition, Miranda has a higher risk of giving birth to a ________ infant than a pregnant woman who does not experience hypertension.

who does not experience hypertension. A) l

Julio wants to cook chicken and bake a pie made with eggs and milk for his roommates. Julio and his dinner guests are likely to experience food-borne illness if he

wipes the knife used to cut up the raw chicken on a hand towel before using the knife to cut up the salad vegetables.