nutrition final

_____ are a major end product of fat digestion.

-glycerol -fatty acids -monoglycerides

development of atherosclerosis in the arteries

1. Irritation occurs in a blood vessel lining. 2. The body responds to an irritation by producing inflammation within the artery. 3. Inflammation triggers plaque deposition at the site of initial damage. 4. As black accumulates, arteries narrow, harden, and lose elasticity.

The RDA for a nutrient meets about ______ of the population's need for the nutrient.

97-98%

A deficiency of vitamin _______ results in deterioration of epithelial cells.

A

sterol

A lipid with carbons arranged in a ring

essential nutrient

A nutrient that cannot be made by the body or is not produced in great enough amounts to meet needs and therefore must be supplied by food

What is the structure of a phospholipid molecule?

A phospholipid consists of two fatty acids and a phosphorus-containing part

What is the primary source of energy ("energy currency") for your cells?

ATP

several risk factors for cancer.

Age, Family history, tobacco use

What are the water soluble vitamins?

B and C

Benson is a vegan. As a result of his diet, he consumes no sources of preformed vitamin A. Which of the following statements explains why he has not developed a deficiency of vitamin A?

Benson's diet supplies high amounts of beta-carotene.

Which of the following substances is an omega-3 fatty acid? Linoleic acid Beta-hydroxybutyric acid Oleic acid Docosahexaenoic acid

Docosahexaenoic acid

Which hormone lowers blood glucose levels?

Glucagon

What lipoprotein removes cholesterol from the blood?

HDL

Which of the following organs or structures aren't in the digestive system?

Kidneys

Which of the following lipoproteins contains the highest percentage of cholesterol?

LDL

_____ is an essential nutrient. Lecithin Bile salt Oleic acid Linoleic acid

Linoleic acid

Which of the following carbohydrates is a disaccharide comprised of two glucose molecules?

Maltose

Choose the statement that correctly describes how individuals know what to select for a balanced and healthy diet.

People require knowledge of nutrition in order to select foods that provide the proper mix of nutrients for optimal health

Which of the following statements is true? -Your body is unable to make cholesterol. -Phospholipids are partially water soluble. -Your body can make alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid. -Trans fatty acids are a by-product of the emulsification process.

Phospholipids are partially water soluble.

Which of the following nutrients provides energy for humans? Potassium Protein Vitamin C Thiamin

Protein

Which of the following are ways essential fatty acids affect health?

Regulating blood pressure Regulating the immune system's inflammatory response

Roberto has type 2 diabetes. After testing Roberto's blood, his physician told him that his blood glucose level was OK, but he needs to do a better job of controlling his blood glucose level. Why would the physician make such a recommendation to Roberto?

Roberto's A1c value was 8.6.

Which of these statements describes a key concept regarding healthy diets?

Since no naturally occurring food contains all nutrients in amounts your body needs, variety is important

Which of the following menu items contains complementary protein?

Slice of whole-wheat bread topped with peanut butter

Which of the following substances can interfere with the recycling of bile salts in the intestinal tract? Fatty acids Soluble fiber Mineral water Vitamin C

Soluble fiber

Which of the following statements is true? - The end products of protein digestion are amino acids. - The absorptive cells of the small intestine remove acid groups from amino acids to form carbon skeletons. - A healthy person digests and absorbs about 40% of the protein in food. - Protein digestion cannot occur with the help of pancreatic amylase.

The end products of protein digestion are amino acids.

Which of the following statements is true? -People with hypoglycemia have blood glucose levels that are greater than 70 mg/dl. -A person with type 1 diabetes who takes too much insulin is likely to experience very high blood glucose levels. -The primary sign of diabetes is chronically high blood glucose levels. Correct -In the United States, type 1 diabetes is more common than type 2 diabetes.

The primary sign of diabetes is chronically high blood glucose levels.

Phyllis is a food scientist who works for a company that manufactures medical products. She wants to prepare a formula diet for people who cannot eat "regular foods." Her formula for a day's supply of the product contains 130 g glucose, 30 g fiber, 50 g fat, 70 g protein, 2300 ml water, and all essential minerals. The Food and Drug Administration didn't approve this product for sale. Why?

The product lacks vitamins

Identify a characteristic of phospholipids that enables them to be major structural components of cell membranes.

Their phosphate "head" is water soluble and their fatty acid "tail" is water insoluble

What is the significance of unsaturated fatty acids having double bonds that are typically in the "cis" form?

Their structures are "bent" or kinked at these double bonds

Food manufacturers aren't permitted to use partially hydrogenated oils in foods. Why are these substances banned?

They are harmful to health.

What is one characteristic that lipids found in foods and in the body have in common?

They are mostly in the form of triglycerides

What is it about the structure of phospholipids that makes them ideal as major structural components of cell membranes?

They produce steroid hormones

Which of the following vitamins is part of a coenzyme that participates in energy metabolism? Thiamin D A E

Thiamin

_____ are tiny, finger-like structures that absorb nutrients from food.

Villi

______ are fat-soluble vitamins.

Vitamins K, D, and A, E

Hillary would like to consume more insoluble fiber. Which of the following foods or beverages should she consume?

Wheat bran

Which of the following statements is true? -To achieve optimal nutritional health, you should strive to consume 300% of the RDA or AI for each nutrient. -You can use AIs and RDAs to evaluate the nutritional adequacy of your diet. Correct -By comparing the RDAs list on food labels, you can plan more nutritious meals. -Your requirement for vitamin C is the same amount as the RDA for vitamin C.

You can use AIs and RDAs to evaluate the nutritional adequacy of your diet.

Boris has a disease that interferes with the production of lipase in his pancreas. A major sign of this disease is (are) _______. anemia fatty stools stomach ulcers scurvy

anemia

antioxidants

are substances that prevent cell damage and destruction from free radicals.

When he prepares food, Wilson wants to use a product that is a rich source of unsaturated fat and contains little or no trans fat. Based on this information, which of the following fats or oils should he select? Corn oil Unsalted butter Coconut oil Partially hydrogenated oil

corn oil

minerals

involved in the regulation of fluid balance

The ______ is the second segment of the small intestine.

jejunum

urinary system

kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

Adding a small amount of _____ to cooked vegetables can enhance the intestinal tract's ability to absorb the fat-soluble vitamins they contain.

oil

Which of the following foods is a rich dietary source of beta-carotene?

pumpkin pie

Barron is a vegan. Which of the following foods does he eat?

quinoa

Ari is having difficulty swallowing. Food seems to enter his stomach too slowly. Based on this information, Ari probably has a disorder that _______.

reduces peristalsis

Gabriella is a food scientist who has discovered a chemical in whole grains, fruits, and other commonly eaten foods that has antioxidant functions. This chemical is a new vitamin, if it _____. is in other foods that people usually eat is unsafe to consume in high amounts results in a deficiency disease when it's not in diets cannot be made by the body

results in a deficiency disease when it's not in diets

You are planning a party for a group of friends. Which of the following foods can you serve to everyone at the party without having to worry about your friend who has celiac disease? Whole-wheat crackers Chocolate-chip cookies Apple pie Rice pudding

rice pudding

The primary site of lipid digestion is the _____.

small intestine

For Norma to be healthy, all of her organ systems must function properly.

true

Nutrition experts generally recommend that eating foods that naturally contain a variety of vitamins and phytochemicals is a better way to reduce the risk of cancer than taking dietary supplements that contain these substances.

true

The amount of vitamin A that you require is the smallest amount of the vitamin that prevents you from developing a vitamin A deficiency.

true

Which of the following foods are a rich source of vitamin K? Turnip greens Fresh peaches Fresh ground beef patties Enriched hamburger buns

turnip greens

Which of the following foods is a rich source of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS)? Red seedless grapes "Regular" sweetened soft drinks Whole-grain breads Baked potato chips

"Regular" sweetened soft drinks

Choose the reasons it is better to obtain nutrients from foods rather than from supplements.

- Foods naturally contain beneficial combinations of nutrients and phytochemicals -Foods contain a wider variety of phytochemicals than supplements -Nutrients from foods can sometimes be more available than nutrients from supplements

Framingham Heart study

- Over 5000 people were initially enrolled and underwent physical examinations - Participants completed surveys about family and medical histories as well as dietary and lifestyle practices

process of recycling bile salts.

1. Most bile salts are absorbed in the small intestine 2. Bile salts travel in the bloodstream to the liver 3. The liver recycles bile salts to create new bile.

Which of the following cellular activities is an example of anabolism?

Bone cells making proteins to lengthen a growing child's bones

Which of the following cellular activities is an example of anabolism?

Bone cells using protein to repair a fracture

pyloric sphincter

Controls passage of food from stomach to small intestine; The pyloric sphincter is a small piece of smooth visceral muscle that acts as a valve and regulates the flow of partially digested food from the stomach to the duodenum.

Which of the following statements is true? -Excessive intakes of vitamin A are toxic. -Vitamins are inorganic substances that the body requires in gram amounts. -Poor vision in dim light is an early symptom of vitamin E deficiency. -B vitamins are a source of energy for cellular activity.

Excessive intakes of vitamin A are toxic.

Which of the following foods isn't in a major food group of MyPlate? Tofu Refined ready-to-eat cereal Soy "mik" beverage Butter

Foods made from milk that have little to no calcium, such as cream cheese, cream, and butter, are not part of the Dairy Group.

Which of the following statements is true? -Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen -Protein is the primary energy source for the human body. -All hormones are proteins. -Mucin is a tough protein that your body uses to form blood clots.

Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen

Which of the following statements is true?

Humans are omnivores.

Why is taking excess amounts of fat-soluble vitamins more likely to cause toxicity than taking excesses of water-soluble vitamins? -The body has higher requirements for fat-soluble vitamins. -The body has higher requirements for water-soluble vitamins. -In general, excesses of fat-soluble vitamins cannot be excreted as easily as water-soluble vitamins. -In general, water-soluble vitamins are more likely to be stored in the body than fat-soluble vitamins.

In general, excesses of fat-soluble vitamins cannot be excreted as easily as water-soluble vitamins.

Which of the following statements is true? - Broccoli is an energy-dense food. - In their natural forms, most of the things we eat are mixtures of various nutrients. Correct - According to registered dietitians, people shouldn't eat "junk" foods. - Milk, bananas, and soybeans are among the few nutritionally perfect foods for humans.

In their natural forms, most of the things we eat are mixtures of various nutrients.

What effect does soluble fiber have on the recycling of bile salts?

It binds with used bile salts, preventing their intestinal absorption and leading to their excretion in feces

Which molecules are removed from chyme by the absorptive cells of the small intestine? Multiple select question.

Monoglycerides, cholesterol, and fatty acids

During Thanksgiving dinner, Alissia ate too much bread stuffing, rolls, sweet potatoes, and pumpkin pie. While she rested after the meal, what happened to much of the excess glucose in her body?

Much of the glucose was converted into fat by her liver.

Before she shops for groceries, Terry plans several nutritionally adequate daily menus for her family. Which of the following guides is the best menu-planning tool for her to use?

MyPlate

Which of the following groups of Americans is most at risk of undernutrition? -Young adults who know which foods are nutrient dense, but they're too busy to shop for and prepare healthy food -Young women who attend 4-year schools and live on campus -Older adults who are frail and live in long-term care facilities Correct -Women who are pregnant for the first time and have strange food cravings

Older adults who are frail and live in long-term care facilities

functional foods

Orange juice fortified with calcium, yogurt produced with live bacteria, and margarines formulated with specific fats and phytochemicals and designed to lower the risk of heart disease; foods that are typically manufactured to boost nutrient intakes or help manage specific health problems

Which of the following statements is true? -Soluble fiber provides no health benefits to humans, whereas insoluble fiber reduces the risk of heart disease. -Soluble fiber is in animal foods, whereas insoluble fiber is in plant foods. -Soluble fiber dissolves or swells in water, whereas insoluble fiber generally doesn't change in water. -Soluble fiber can be digested by humans, whereas insoluble fiber cannot be digested.

Soluble fiber dissolves or swells in water, whereas insoluble fiber generally doesn't change in water.

Which of the following statements is true? - Your body uses excess dietary protein to form the antibodies that cause infections. - Structural proteins include keratin. - Proteins are your cells' primary energy source. - Collagen and fibrin are examples of transport proteins.

Structural proteins include keratin

Which of the following organs or structures are in the digestive system?

Teeth, esophagus, and tongue

Which of the following statements is true? - People who consume less than the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for calcium have a higher than average risk of developing calcium toxicity. -People who consume 95% of the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for vitamin A regularly have a high risk of developing signs and symptoms of vitamin A deficiency. - Nutrition scientists have established Adequate Intakes (AIs) for all critical nutrients. Incorrect - The Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) represents the average energy needs of a healthy person.

The Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) represents the average energy needs of a healthy person.

immune system

The cells and tissues that recognize and attack foreign substances in the body

Which of the following statements is true? A. To achieve optimal health, you need to match your diet with your blood type, eye color, and other physical characteristics. B. To achieve and maintain good health, people should rely on eating a variety of nutrient-dense foods instead of taking dietary supplements. C. Regardless of their ages and physical conditions, people don't need to take dietary supplements that include vitamins and minerals. D. Nutritional needs of healthy people generally don't vary during different life stages, such as infancy and pregnancy.

To achieve and maintain good health, people should rely on eating a variety of nutrient-dense foods instead of taking dietary supplements.

population study

To understand differences in chronic disease rates and causes of death across various populations

Select the risk factors that can contribute to health problems.

age, genetic predisposition, and lifestyle practices

Which of the following substances is a nonnutrient that provides energy for the human body? Protein Glucose Alcohol Cholesterol

alcohol

Glucagon is made by ______ cells in the pancreas.

alpha

The basic "building blocks" of proteins are chemical units called

amino acids

Which of the following substances are the end products of protein digestion? Amino acids Carbon skeletons Ammonia molecules R-groups

amino acids

Approximately 50% of healthy men who are between 19 and 30 years of age need 1.6 mcg of a mineral to prevent developing the mineral's deficiency disorder. Based on this information, these men have ________.

an RDA for the mineral that's higher than 1.6 mcg/day

ATP is ________.

an energy-capturing molecule

When a plaque or clot partially blocks an artery leading to the heart, the chest pain that results from a lack of oxygen to heart muscle tissue is called _____.

angina

A researcher has isolated an organic, water-soluble chemical from roses. After performing tests, the scientist determines that the chemical supplies no energy for cells, but protects cell membranes from being damaged by certain environmental factors. Based on this information, the researcher may have discovered a (an) _______.

antioxidant

Yamiche is a biochemist with a company that manufactures substances that can be added to foods to improve their flavor. She's discovered a chemical that she called "Agent X" in beet juice. Agent X prevents human cell membranes from being damaged by highly unstable substances that are in the environment. Based on this information, Agent X is a (an)

antioxidant

During a stroke, cells in the _____ die.

brain

Which of the following foods is a rich source of starch?

brown rice

Which of the following foods contains cholesterol? Banana Beans Butter Potato

butter

Which of the following foods is a natural source of trans fat? Egg yolk Palm oil Soybean oil Butter

butter

Carter wants to lower his blood cholesterol level. Based on this information, he should limit his intake of _______.

butter and beef

Since saturated fatty acids do not contain any double bonds, they _____.

can be packed tightly together

empty calories

candy bar, sugar sweetened beverage

energy per gram

carb: 4 alcohol: 7 protein: 4 fat: 9

Nutrients that have carbon in their chemical structures are called _____.

carbon nutrients

choose the nutrients that provide energy to cells.

carbs, fats

Circulation of blood is the primary function of the _____.

cardiovascular system

_____ require the nutrients in food to perform their metabolic activities.

cells

Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water

classes of nutrients

saturated fatty acid food

coconut oil, beef fat, and palm oil

saturated fatty acids

consist entirely of carbon-carbon single bonds.

trans fatty acids

contain double bonds in which the hydrogens attached around double bonds are in the 'trans' form instead of the 'cis' form.

Which of the following foods is a rich source of digestible polysaccharides? Sugar-sweetened soft drink Coconut oil Sweet corn Ground turkey

corn

Your _____ is your usual pattern of food choices.

diet

Pancreatic amylase _______.

digests starch in the small intestine

segments of the small intestine

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

A good way to reduce your risk of cancer is to _______. -take dietary supplements that contain vitamins C and E -eat red and processed meats at least 3 times per week -eat a variety of fruits and vegetables daily -consume a high glycemic diet

eat a variety of fruits and vegetables daily

energy density

energy value of a food in relation to the food's weight

Alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid are _____ fatty acids because they must be supplied by the diet since the body cannot make them.

essential

A legume is a type of plant that produces a pod with a double row of seeds (beans).

false-- single row

In a healthy person, the large intestine helps form _____ by absorbing excess water from undigested material. mucus micelles feces chyme

feces

A food scientist has chemically analyzed a food item to determine its ingredients. One of the ingredients was a complex chemical that consisted of hundreds of monosaccharide molecules bonded to each other. Upon further analysis, the scientist determined the ingredient wasn't digested by human intestinal enzymes. This ingredient was a form of _____.

fiber

Advertising, health status, education, occupation, and income are factors that influence _____.

food choices

Which of the following foods are reliable dietary sources of vitamin D?

fortified milk

The three most important dietary monosaccharides for humans are _______.

galactose, glucose, and fructose

In the your intestinal tract, the starch in French fries is broken down into _____ molecules.

glucose

The liver breaks down glycogen to release _____ molecules.

glucose

structural component of triglyceride

glycerol backbone and three fatty acids

Two-month-old Brittany's diet lacks alpha-linolenic and linoleic acids. Based on this information, Brittany's body isn't _____. burning fat for energy digesting fiber properly making bile salts growing properly

growing properly

A fatty acid ______.

has a chain of carbons bonded to each other and to hydrogen atoms

Beto was born with a rare condition characterized by the lack of saliva-producing cells. Based on this information, Beto probably _______.

has difficulty swallowing

Joseph has a disease that weakened his esophagus. As a result of this condition, Joseph probably ________.

has difficulty swallowing food

cardiovascular system

heart and blood vessels

When a plaque or clot completely blocks an artery leading to the heart, that section of heart muscle dies, leading to _____.

heart attack

Poor eating habits contribute to which two leading causes of death in the United States?

heart disease and cancer

The body needs folate to produce a coenzyme that _______.

helps form DNA

The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for a nutrient is the ________.

highest average amount that is unlikely to harm most people when consumed daily

Javon is 16 years of age. Which of the following factors is highly likely to influence what he eats? His cooking skills His access to medical care His academic performance His closest friends

his closest friends

EPA, DHA, and AA aid in the production of _____.

hormone-like substances

Which of the following substances participates in the digestion of proteins? Salivary amylase Hydrochloric acid Gastric lipase Urea

hydrochloric acid

Fritz is constipated; he generally has bowel movements only twice a week. To help relieve his constipation without taking medications, Fritz should _______.

increase his intake of foods that contain insoluble fiber

Which of the following foods is a good source of vitamin B-12?

lean meats

Peripheral vascular diseases often affects arteries that carry blood to which two parts of the body?

legs and arms

Dana wants to reduce her intake of saturated fat by eating ______. less beef more coconut oil less soluble fiber more partially hydrogenated oils

less beef

lipid characteristics

lipids are... - organic nutrients - do not dissolve in water

Chylomicrons are a type of ______.

lipoprotein

At room temperature, foods high in saturated fat tend to be _____ and foods high in unsaturated fat tend to be _____.

liquid; solid

The _____ is an accessory organ of the digestive system that makes bile.

liver

vitamins

maintainence of immune function

In the body, certain lipids are needed to _______. make cell membranes produce micronutrients break down enzymes absorb dietary fiber

make cell membranes

triglycerides

make up about 95% of lipids in the body and in food.

The stomach -secretes salivary amylase -digests vitamins and minerals -mixes food with hydrochloric acid -releases gastric acid, which begins the digestion of amino acids

mixes food with hydrochloric acid

The basic chemical unit of carbohydrates is a (an) _______.

monosaccharide

What chemical feature of sterols distinguishes them from other classes of lipids?

multi-ring structure

an essential nutrient

must be supplied by your diet

You need _____ from foods for your body to function properly; life sustaining chemicals

nutrients

monounsaturated fatty acid food

olive oil, avacados, and peanut oil

To produce the maximum amount of energy from the breakdown of macronutrients, human cells require _______.

oxygen

The formation of one or more clots in an artery supplying the heart is problematic when it restricts the proper flow of _____.

oxygen and nutrients

Which of the following foods is both energy and nutrient dense? Blueberries Sweet potato French fries Peanut butter

peanut butter

Karla has a disease that affects the functioning of her stomach. Based on this information, she may have difficulty digesting proteins because of a lack of _______.

pepsin

The chemical attraction that holds together two amino acids is a (an) ______.

peptide bond

When atherosclerosis occurs in a blood vessel that does not carry blood to the heart or brain, the condition is called _____.

peripheral vascular disease

Trisha was a participant in a clinical study to determine how much vitamin C is required by young women. During the study, Trisha consumed only a formula diet that was nutritionally complete, except it did not contain vitamin C. Within a few weeks, she developed signs and symptoms of vitamin C deficiency. At that point, researchers gave 1 mg vitamin C to Trisha each day for a week, but her signs and symptoms of the deficiency remained. The next week, the scientists added 2 mg vitamin C to her daily diet, so that her formula contained 3 mg of the vitamin. By the end of that week, Trisha was still sick. Eventually, her formula supplied 10 mg vitamin C/day. Within a week of drinking this formula, Trisha reported feeling much better. Based on this information, the researchers concluded that the young woman ________.

required about 10 mg vitamin C

Eating salty foods, sugar-sweetened foods, and fatty beef is associated with increased likelihood of having premature heart disease. Such poor diets are a ________ for heart disease. critical determinant risk factor predictive action significant behavior

risk factor

Solid fats generally have a high proportion of ____ fatty acids.

saturated

Structurally, a trans fatty acid resembles a(n) _____ because its carbon chain is relatively straight.

saturated fatty acid

Which of the following foods is the most nutrient dense per serving? Organic celery French fries Grape drink Scrambled egg

scrambled egg

risk factors of atherosclerosis

sleep apnea Emotional stress, such as anger Elevated C-reactive protein blood level

The _____ is the primary site for vitamin absorption in the body.

small intestine

A nutrient requirement is the ________.

smallest amount of a nutrient that maintains a defined level of nutritional health

Brandon uses %DVs to help plan nutritious menus with various packaged foods. He should limit his daily intake of _____ to less than the Daily Value.

sodium

Nicki has severe lactose intolerance. Which of the following foods should she consume to obtain a lot of calcium? Soy milk Correct Cream cheese Fat-free milk Cottage cheese

soy milk

While on a road trip, you and your vegan friend stop to get gas at a convenience store. You're not hungry, but your friend wants a snack that's high in protein and low in saturated fat. Based on this information, which of the following foods did he buy?

soy nuts

polyunsaturated fatty acid food

soybean and safflower oil and grapeseed oil

Which of the following foods is a source of phytochemicals? Soybeans Chicken Plain yogurt Swiss cheese

soybeans; fruits, vegetables, whole grains, beans, nuts and seeds

Which of the following foods is a poor source of protein?

strawberry pie

phytochemicals

such as caffeine are nonnutrients made by plants that may have health benefits

Which of the following foods are a rich source of vitamin E? Sunflower seeds Processed and red meats Fat-free dairy products Ground turkey and other turkey products

sunflower seeds

Which of the following foods is a good source of most essential amino acids? Jonathan apples Fruit juices Sunflower seeds Oat flakes

sunflower seeds

nervous system

the network of nerve cells and fibers that transmits nerve impulses between parts of the body.

_____ is the primary cause of preventable deaths in the United States. Driving while drunk Being physically inactive Engaging in illegal behavior Smoking cigarettes

tobacco

Trans fatty acids are _____.

unsaturated fatty acids that have relatively straight carbon chains

The kidneys are organs of the ______ system.

urinary

Which of the following diets may not provide enough high-quality protein and energy to support a child's growth?

vegan

Foods are bad for you if they contain which two substances that can cause food-borne illness?

viruses, bacteria

Carson is a vegan. To avoid developing a serious nutritional deficiency, he needs to include a source of ______ in his diet.

vitamin B 12; calcium, iron, zinc

Which of the following substances is a nutrient that doesn't supply any energy for the human body? - Resveratrol - Protein - Vitamin D - Alcohol

vitamin D

Intrinsic factor is needed to absorb vitamin _______.

vitamin b 12

Micronutrients

vitamins and minerals; boron, zinc, manganese, iron, copper, molybdenum, chlorine.

Which of the following substances is a nutrient that's needed by the body but it doesn't provide any calories? Beta-carotene Glucose Protein Water

water

nutrient dense foods

whole grain cereal, broccoli

Which of the following foods is naturally a rich source of high-quality protein?

whole milk

A saturated fatty acid contains _____ between carbons in its carbon chain.

zero double bonds