Nutrition final exam Johnson
What is the RDI of protein
.8 grams per kg of body weight
Saturated fats should comprise no more than ____ of daily calories
10
All of the following are benefits of breastfeeding except
100% effective at preventing pregnancy
Hyperglycemia is defined as a blood glucose of >____ mg/dL Of whole blood
120
A diagnosis of stage 1 hypertension is made when multiple measures of blood pressure yield a systolic pressure of __mmHg and/or a diastolic pressure of __mmHg
140-159, and 90-99
In what trimester is the fetus most vulnerable to teratogens?
1st
Most healthy, active adults need about __ calories per day
2,000-2,500
How many calories does 25 grams of fat produce
225 kilocalories
A normal-weight woman should gain approximately how many pounds during pregnancy?
25-35
Jim uses an insulin pump to control his diabetes...
3 units
How much weight should a woman of normal BMI gain during the first trimester?
3.5 pounds
The recommended intake of dietary fat is approximately % of total calories per day
30
Dietary intake of cholesterol shouldn't exceed Mg/ day
300
During the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, the calories needs of the pregnant woman increase by
350-950 calories
Janie is 4 years old, what serving size of green beans would you recommend for her?
4 tablespoons
10 grams of carbohydrates has ______ calories
40
Which statement is incorrect based on the growth chart
47 inches tall
A low birth weight is below
5.5 pounds
Up to what percent of an adults body weight is fluid
50-70%
Based on the exchange system estimates, what is the total calorie value of the following meal: 1 sandwich, 1 apple, 8oz milk
610
A blood glucose of <____ mg/dl is considered a hypoglycemic condition
70
Overweight children is defined as having a BMI in what percentage range
85th
A mega dose of a vitamin is defined as consuming how many times the reccomended amount?
>10
Which of the following individuals would most likely have the lowest basal metabolic weight
A 28-year old overweight woman
Which of the following individuals is in positive nitrogen balance
A 29 year old pregnant woman
Which of the following is not one of the primary components of a sound weight change plan
A change of more than 2 pounds per week
Which of the following statements is incorrect
A child is considered overweight when his/her BMI is 30
Deficiency of fat soluble vitamins is seen more in people who have
A fat malabsorption disorder
A food allergy is distinguished by
A food tolerance by the immune system
Hunger is
A physiological desire
Currently the beta treatment for eating disorders is
A team management approach
Which of the following statements are not true
All supplements sold in the U.S. must contain the U.S.P. symbol.
A well planned vegetarian diet reduces the risk for many chronic diseases, for which of the following does the diet not minimize the risk?
Anemia
Well planned vegetarian diet...
Anemia
All of the following are indicators that baby is ready for complementary foods except
Appearance of baby teeth
During pregnancy women should avoid large predatory fish to
Avoid mercury contamination
Responding to the presence of protein and fat in our meal, cholecystokinin (CCK) signals the gallbladder to release a substance called
Bile
Individuals with the disease phenylketonuria should not consume aspartame....
Cannot metabolize
The primary energy source used by body during exercise
Carbohydrates
____ is a complete source of protein
Chicken
All of the following are risk factors for osteoporosis except
Chronic low intake of dietary calcium and vitamins
Anchovies, mackerel, salmon, and sardines are good sources of
DHA
Individuals with untreated Are at risk for developing ketoacidosis
Diabetes Miletus
Which of the following is considered the most accurate method for estimating a persons body fat consumption
Dual Energy X Ray (DXA)
At what point during pregnancy is adequate folate most important
During the first four weeks after conception
A deficiency of what protein can lead to what condition in which fluid accumulated in the tissue
Edema
People with swallowing disorders often find thin liquids are easier to swallow than thick
False
Macrocytic anemia results from a deficiency of
Folate
All of the following are known to decrease the milk supply except
Frequent infant feeding
The lipoprotein responsible for carrying fat from the bloodstream back to the liver for processing is
HDL
Which of the following foods is considered safe for pregnant women to consume?
Hard boiled eggs
Him has a 32 BMI
He is obese
A genetic disorder characterized by excessive iron absorption is
Hemochromatosis
Why is it strongly recommended that infants NOT consume honey?
Honey contains clostridium botulinum
Which of the following does not contribute to dehydration
Hyperbatremia
All of the following are characteristics of the metabolic system except
Hypoglycemia
During the first 6 months of lactation, daily caloric intake should
Increase by 330 calories
Which of the following conditions is not associated with the female athlete triad?
Increase estrogen production
To maintain healthful weight the dietary guidelines for Americans recommends
Increasing the level of physical activity and reducing sedentary activities
The stimulant that is needed for continued sustained production of breast milk is
Infant suckling
All of the following are characteristics of type two diabetes except
Insulin deficiency
Type one diabetes destroys
Insulin producing beta cells of the pancreas
Consuming vitamin C enhances the body's absorption of which mineral?
Iron
Inadequate consumption of which of the following causes the most common nutrient deficiency in young children
Iron
What is the most common nutrient deficiency in the world
Iron
A dietary supplement can be removed from the market for which of the following reasons
It can not substantiate all label claims
People with PKU cannot consume artificial sweetener because
It contains phenylalanine which people with PKU cannot metabolize
In the event of low intake of dietary carb or when glucose is unavailable to cells, the body will create harmful __
Ketones
The 210 dietary guidelines for Americans recommends a total daily cholesterol intake of less
Less than 300 mg
____ is simple starvation and ______ is proteins deficiency
Marasmus, kwashiorkor
Carb digestion begins
Mouth
An adequate consumption of fat during the toddler years is necessary for the development of which system?
Nervous
What element makes protein different from carbohydrate and fat?
Nitrogen
Providing an infant with early (before 4?? years of age) feeding of baby food will
Not change the calorie requirement of the infant resulting in reduced breastfeeding
Newborns recieve vitamin K shots because
Not enough bacteria
Severe tooth decay as a prolonged exposure to the developing teeth is called
Nursing bottle syndrome
Nutrient pacts panel s required to list all of the following except
Nutrient content of fat and water soluble vitamin in a serving
Sue had her fasting blood glucose level checked and it was 97 mg/dl. This reading indicates?
Optimal fasting glucose level
Bone cells...
Osteoclasts
People with a BMI of 25-30 are in the body weight category of
Overweight
______ is the introduction of end products of digestion into a large vein when the GI tract is not functioning
Parenteral nutrition
A lack of what intrinsic factor can lead to what form of anemia?
Pernicious
Which of the following does not contribute to chronic dehydration in elderly adults
Perspiration increases as we age
Diets rich in which of the following nutrients are associated with maintaining healthy blood pressure levels?
Potassium
At what stage in the development of cancer do the cancerous cells grow out of control and invade surrounding tissues?
Progression
Beta carotene is a precursor of
Retinol
Which of the following is not symptomatic of anorexia nervosa
Secretive consumption of large amounts of food
Bike is made in the liver
Stored in the gallbladder
Which of the following is not a benefit of breastfeeding for the infant
The fat present in the milk is difficult for the infant to digest
Because iron needs of infants increase sharply by 6 months of age, infants first food should be iron fortified rice cereal
True
Infant formula is modeled closely as possible to human milk and provides 20 calories per ounce with 50% calories from fat
True
Many lactose intolerant people can digest aged cheese & yogurt with live, active cultures without any GI side effects
True
The EAR is the average calorie intake recommended to maintain energy
True
The FDA does not require that supplements be tested for safety or effectiveness prior to marketing to the public
True
The average time to diagnosis of celiac disease is 3 years.
True
Four characteristics of a healthful diet
Variety
Excess consumption of what nutrient during pregnancy is associated with birth defects?
Vitamin A
during pregnancy, ______% of alcohol is safe
Zero
In adults, which of the following is a mineral important to a healthy immune system and wound healing?
Zinc
Which nutrient deficiency in older adults can lead to a decrease sense of taste and smell
Zinc
Compounds that protect from oxidation
antioxidants
gastric bypass surgery reduces food intake by
attaching the lower part of the small intestine to the stomach
3 components of total energy expenditure
basal metabolic rate, physical activity, and the thermic effect of food
A limitation in using the body mass index is that it
does not take body composition into account
An important source of energy for muscles during times of rest and low-intensity exercise is
fat
Vegan diets are likely to be low in all of the following except
fiber
Command center location
hyponatremia
Being underweight increases a persons risk of developing
infection and illness
The type of vegetarian who eats vegetables, grains, fruits, eggs, and milk but excludes all other types of animal protein is called a
lacto-ovo-vegetarian
The process of combining two incomplete proteins to make a complete protein is called
mutual supplementation
A T-score between +1 (plus 1) and -1 (minus 1) on a DXA signifies
normal bone density
Dowager's hump is one characteristic of
osteoporosis
Which of the following hormones is referred to as the let down hormone
oxytocin
Which pregnancy-specific organ is responsible for delivering nutrients and oxygen to the fetus and removing waste products?
placenta
enzymes that digest proteins
proteases
The term "enriched" on a food label signifies that
the nutrients in the food were lost during processing and then added back in
