Nutrition Hesi 3

4

A child with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis requests a snack. Which is the most therapeutic selection of food the nurse can provide? 1 Peanuts 2 Pretzels 3 Bananas 4 Applesauce

1

A client has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cor pulmonale. When teaching about nutrition, what does the nurse instruct the client? 1 Eat small meals six times a day to limit oxygen needs. 2 Drink large amounts of fluid to help liquefy secretions. 3 Lie down after eating to conserve energy needed for digestion. 4 Increase the intake of protein to decrease intravascular hydrostatic pressure

2

A client is admitted to the hospital after a motor vehicle accident with multiple abrasions and lacerations to the chest and all four extremities. The nurse helps the client select food items for the upcoming meals. Which food items will the nurse recommend? 1 Meatloaf and tea 2 Meatloaf and strawberries 3 Chicken soup and baked apple 4 Chicken soup and buttered bread

4

A client with liver dysfunction states, "My gums have been bleeding spontaneously." The nurse identifies small hemorrhagic lesions on the client's face. Which vitamin does the nurse conclude the client needs? 1 Vitamin D 2 Vitamin E 3 Vitamin A 4 Vitamin K

4

A client with myasthenia gravis has increased difficulty swallowing. Which action will the nurse take to prevent the aspiration of food? 1 Offer three large meals a day. 2 Assess the client's respiratory status before and after meals. 3 Seek a change in the diet prescription from soft foods to clear liquids. 4 Schedule meals with the peak effect of an anticholinesterase muscle stimulant

4

A nurse assesses a client who had a gastric resection. During the first 24 hours after surgery, what symptom should the nurse expect to identify? 1 Vomiting 2 Gastric distention 3 Intermittent periods of diarrhea 4 Bloody nasogastric drainage

2

A nurse concludes that clients who receive intravenous (IV) fluids rather than total parenteral nutrition for gastrointestinal problems lose weight for what reason? 1 Lack of bulk in the diet 2 Deficient carbohydrate intake 3 Insufficient intake of water-soluble vitamins 4 Increasing concentrations of electrolytes in the cells

1

A nurse interviews a young female client with anorexia nervosa to obtain information for the nursing history. What will the client's history most likely reveal? 1 Strong desire to improve her body image 2 Close, supportive mother-daughter relationship 3 Satisfaction with and desire to maintain her current weight 4 Low level of achievement in school and little concern for grades

4

A nurse is assessing several clients. Which client will require parenteral nutrition? 1 A client with brain neoplasm 2 A client with anorexia nervosa 3 A client with inflammatory bowel disease 4 A client with severe malabsorption disorder

4

A nurse is caring for a client who had surgery for cancer of the pancreas. Which nutrients will the nurse most closely observe after surgery? 1 Beef and chicken 2 Proteins and grains 3 Vitamins and minerals 4 Fats and carbohydrates

4

An adolescent is admitted to the psychiatric service in stable physical condition with the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. The adolescent has lost 20 lb (9.1 kg) in 6 weeks and is very thin but is excessively concerned about being overweight. What is the most important initial nursing intervention? 1 Complimenting the physical appearance of the adolescent 2 Explaining the value of adequate nutrition to the adolescent 3 Exploring the reasons that the adolescent does not want to eat 4 Attempting to establish a trusting relationship with the adolescent

4

What foods should a nurse order for a 30-month-old toddler on a regular diet? 1 Hamburger with bun and grapes 2 Chicken fingers and French fries 3 Hot dog with bun and potato chips 4 Macaroni and cheese and Cheerios

1,3,4

Which foods should the nurse include when teaching a group of school-age clients regarding appropriate nutritional intake? Select all that apply 1 Bananas 2 Fried chicken 3 Low-fat yogurt 4 Whole-wheat dinner rolls 5 Sugary, carbonated beverages

4

Which should the school nurse include in a teaching session with elementary school students related to nutritional intake and activity? 1 Eating the same types of food each day 2 Playing video games every day after school 3 Choosing high-fat foods for an after school snack 4 Consuming foods that are nutrient-rich, such as fruits

2

Which solid food can be given to a 6-month-old infant? 1 Raw pieces of fruit 2 Crackers or Zwieback 3 Firmly cooked vegetable 4 Well-cooked table foods

1

A 5-foot 5-inch (165 cm) 15-year-old girl who weighs 80 lb (36.3 kg) is admitted to a mental health facility with a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. The nurse recognizes what factor as the most likely cause of her problem? 1 A desire to control her life 2 The wish to be accepted by her peers 3 The media's emphasis on the beauty of thinness 4 A delusion in which she believes that she must be thin

3

During the administration of total parenteral nutrition (TPN), an assessment of the client reveals a bounding pulse, distended jugular veins, dyspnea, and cough. What is the priority nursing intervention? 1 Restart the client's infusion at another site. 2 Slow the rate of the client's infusion of the TPN. 3 Interrupt the client's infusion and notify the healthcare provider. 4 Obtain the vital signs and continue monitoring the client's status

1

Parents of a child with sickle cell anemia ask about their child taking iron supplements to help treat the anemia. What would be the best response? 1 Taking supplements will not help with this condition. 2 It is advised that iron be taken with orange juice to aid in absorption. 3 An over-the-counter multivitamin with iron should meet the needs of the child. 4 It is advised that liquid iron supplements be given through a straw to prevent staining the teeth

3

The healthcare provider prescribes a low-fat, 2-gram sodium diet for a client with hypertension. The nurse should explain that the purpose of restricting sodium is to do what? 1 Chemically stimulate the loop of Henle 2 Diminish the thirst response of the client 3 Prevent reabsorption of water in the distal tubules 4 Cause fluid to move toward the interstitial compartment

3

The nurse provides dietary teaching for a client with a colostomy. Which response by the client is indicative of successful learning? 1 "I will eat food low in fiber so that there is less stool." 2 "I will eat bland foods so that my intestines do not become irritated." 3 "I will eat everything I ate before the operation and avoid foods that cause gas." 4 "I will eat soft foods that are more easily digested and absorbed by my large intestine.

1

What is the priority nursing intervention in the planning of nursing care for an adolescent client with anorexia nervosa? 1 Rewarding weight gain by increasing privileges 2 Discussing the importance of eating a balanced diet 3 Encouraging the client to include high-calorie foods in the diet 4 Focusing family therapy on the influence of the client's behavior on the family

1

Which client assessment does the nurse determine is inconsistent with the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa, restricting type? 1 Engages in episodes of purging 2 Denies the seriousness of the disorder 3 Fears gaining weight and becoming fat 4 Has a disturbance in the way the body is viewed

1

Which combination of foods should the nurse encourage a child with glomerulonephritis to choose for a meal? 1 Corn, roast chicken, peach 2 Tuna salad, cheese melt, milk 3 Hamburger, baked potato, banana 4 Bologna sandwich, salad, vanilla malted

4

A nurse is caring for a client who is cachectic. What information about the function of adipose tissue in fat metabolism is necessary to better address the needs of this client? 1 Releases glucose for energy 2 Regulates cholesterol production 3 Uses lipoproteins for fat transport 4 Stores triglycerides for energy reserves

1,4,5

A nurse is providing education about excellent food sources of vitamin A for a client who is deficient in this vitamin. Which foods should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply 1 Carrots 2 Oranges 3 Tomatoes 4 Green leafy greens 5 Yellow/orange vegetables

1

A nurse is teaching a community group about the basics of nutrition. A participant questions why fluoride is added to drinking water. The nurse should respond that it is a necessary element added to drinking water to promote what? 1 Dental health 2 Growth and development 3 Improved hearing 4 Night vision

1

A nurse is caring for a client who had a subtotal gastrectomy. Which assessment finding indicates the client is ready for postoperative oral feedings? 1 Presence of flatulence 2 Extent of incisional pain 3 Stabilization of hematocrit levels 4 Occurrence of dumping syndrome

1,4,5

A 9-year-old child who has successfully completed the emergency (resuscitative) phase of treatment for a severe burn injury is started on a high-protein, high-calorie diet. Which snacks should the nurse encourage between meals? Select all that apply. 1 Crackers and cheese 2 White bread and honey 3 Orange juice and cookies 4 Banana pudding and whipped cream 5 Frozen yogurt and chocolate sprinkles

4

In which stage of development are food choices affected by such factors as peer acceptability and sociability, possibly resulting in malnutrition or chronic illness? 1 Midlife 2 Infancy 3 Childhood 4 Adolescence