Nutrition in Health: Chapter 7: Amino Acids
A 35 year old man who is at a healthy body weight of 80 kg has a protein RDA of _______grams/day.
64
When a protein is exposed to various conditions that cause it to alter its shape, the protein has undergone
denaturation
Nitrogen-containing compounds that are not proteins but have important physiological roles are called amino acid___.
derivatives
People with PKU need to avoid
milk products meats egg
With careful planning, a ____ can overcome the limitations of a plant-base diet and consume a nutritious diet.
vegetarian
In the United States, the average protein intake______.
is about 1.44 g/kg body weight is about 15 to 18% of total calories
To determine a person's RDA for protein, multiply his or her weight in kilograms by
0.8 g
Choose the true statements about protein.
All living organisms contain protein. Protein are made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. Proteins are organic molecules.
What type of disease results in the poor absorption of nutrients from the small intestine?
Celiac disease
Animal proteins are not considered to be a good source of all nine essential amino acids.
False
Celiac disease and gluten sensitivity are the same condition.
False
Food intolerance trigger the body's immune response.
False
The project undertaken in the 1990s to identify and sequence the approximately 23,000 genes that code for protein synthesis in the human DNA is called the ____.
Human Genome Project
Which of the following is true about protein deficiency in the United States?
It is uncommon
A food intolerance may occur after the consumption of nonprotein substances, such as
MSG sulfites lactose
Which of the following is the amino acid that can be synthesized by a healthy body in sufficient amounts?
Nonessential
Gluten sensitivity and celiac disease have which of the following in common?
Requires a gluten free diet
Gluten-free products that are not nutrient dense include
cookies potato chips
A(n)_____ amino acids is one that can be synthesized by a healthy body in sufficient amounts.
nonessential
Vegetarians who do not consume fish may have difficulty obtaining_____.
omega-3 fatty acids
What happens to amino acids once they enter the absorptive cellls?
peptides are broken down into amino acids
People who eat a diet with _____ protein are less likely to have hypertension and type 2 diabetes.
plant
Although food insecurity exists in the United States, protein deficiency is
present in specific population groups uncommon
A person who relies heavily on plant foods and may or may not include some animal foods in their diet is considered a
vegetarian
Choose the food sources that contain high-quality proteins.
eggs and milk meat and fish
In the year 1990, scientist began an effort to identity and sequence the human genes that code for protein synthesis in DNA. This project is known as the ______ _____ ______.
Human Genome Project
Where are dipeptides and tripeptides broken into amino acids?
Microvilli
Which of the following cells do not contain protein?
None, all cells contain some protein
The health professional who will consider genetically driven dietary recommendation when helping people with their personalized nutrition plan is the ______ _______ _______ (RDN)
Registered dietitian nutritionists
Every cell contains protein.
True
Protein are made up of smaller units called ____ ____.
amino acids
Your body makes proteins by following information coded in your ____.
deoxyribonucleic acid DNA
Choose the true statements about amino acid derivatives.
examples include creatine and melanin nitrogen-containing compounds that are not proteins serve important physiological roles
Gluten-free products are not always healthier as some are high in
fats simple sugars sodium
Omega-3 fatty acids may need to be consumed from plant sources for those who do not eat
fish
Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder in which a person's immune system reacts to _____.
gluten
A personalized nutrition plan takes into consideration
health assessment height and weight genes blood pressure
Choose benefits of a plant-based diet
lower body fat and reduced risk of obesity reduced risk for type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and certain cancers.
Which of the following element is part of protein but not part of lipids or carbohydrates?
nitrogen
Intolerance to wheat products, resulting in IBS-like symptoms is defined as ______.
non-celiac gluten sensitivity
Registered dietitians now face the opportunity to better help people by providing them with
personalized diet planning
Making dietary choices based on nutritional genomics, height, weight, and health assessment is the concept of _______ ______
personalized nutritiion
Making dietary choices based on nutritional genomics, height, weight, and health assessment is the concept of _______ _______.
personalized nutrition
Children and adults with PKU need to avoid foods that are rich sources of _____.
phenylalanine
A protein can be altered through exposure to _____.
physical agitation acids heat
Most foods contain some_____
protein
The process of breaking down old and unneeded proteins into their component amino acids and recycling them to make new proteins is called ______ ______.
protein turnover
Choose how nitrogen is lost from the body.
urinary elimination loss of hair and nails intestinal tract sheds cells
A person that follows a plant-based eating pattern that may contain some animal foods is following a ____ diet.
vegetarian
With careful planning a ________ can overcome the limitations of a plant-based diet and consume a nutritious diet.
vegetarian
Enzymes within the microvilli break down ____ to amino acids.
di- and tripeptides
All living cell contain_______.
protein
Amino acids are the building blocks of ______
protein
To determine a person's RDA for protein, multiply his or her weight in kilograms by_____.
0.8 g
In most cases, an allergen is a(n)
protein
The percentage of adults who do not eat meat, fish, or poultry is about_____.
3.3%
A 28 year old woman who is at a healthy body weight of 60 kg has a protein RDA of ______ grams/day.
48
The ____ of a protein influences its function.
structure
The AMDR for protein is _____ to _____ percent of energy intake.
10 to 35
What results when a protein is absorbed without complete digestion?
Allergy
The process of removing the nitrogen-containing group from an unneeded amino acid is called
deamination
Proteins are made in your body by following the code found in your _____.
DNA
Which element is primarily lost through the elimination of urea and creatinine?
Nitrogen
Which naturally occurring food is 100% protein?
No naturally occurring food is 100% protein
Which of the following is true about deamination?
Once the nitrogen is removed, the remaining amino acid is a carbon skeleton. Occurs primarily in the liver. A process of removing the nitrogen-containing group from an unneeded amino acid.
Combining certain plant food sources of protein to form complete proteins is called____.
protein complementation
Not all amino acids need to be supplied through dietary sources because ____ breaks down old and unneeded proteins into their components amino acids and then recycles them to make new proteins.
protein turnover
Which of the following are potential causes of denaturation?
Stomach acid Heat
A 35 year old man who is at a healthy body weight of 80 kg has a protein RDA of _____ grams/day.
64
To make dishes with complementary combinations, a consumer must know
Which plant foods are good sources of protein Which essential amino acids are limiting in plant foods.
After being digested, most amino acids are first transported into _____ ______.
absorptive cells
The structural of hemoglobin is an example of the ______ structure.
quaternary
Common menu items can be converted to meatless dishes by
removing meat, fish, or poultry
After being digested, most amino acids are
transported into absorptive cells
What is acceptable macronutrient distribution range of energy from protein?
10-35%
A high-protein diet is defined as a protein intake of _____.
20 to 35% of calories
