Nutrition Midterm

Which of the following is true of the traditional Chinese yin and yang health belief system? A. a cold, or yin, condition is balanced by consuming hot, or yang, foods B. A hot condition is flushed with large quantities of cold water. C. Rice is considered magical and is consumd at every meal. D. Yang, or hot, foods include only foods served hot

A. a cold, or yin, condition is balanced by consuming hot, or yang foods

Energy homeostasis exists when: A. kcalories from food intake equal kcalories used for energy expenditure B. Kcalories used for physical activity equal C. an individual is gaining weight D. kcalories from food intake equal kcalories used for resting energy expenditure

A. kcalories from food intake equal kcalories used for energy expenditure

To lose 2 pounds of body fat per week, and individual must eat _____ fewer kilocalories each day for 7 days without a change in energy expenditure. A. 1000 B. 1500 C. 2000 D. 2500

A 1000

Which of the following may cause diarrhea? A. a medication that contains sorbitol B. a lack of dietary fiber C. a lack of exercise D. an insufficient fluid intake

A a medication that contains sorbitol

The DASH diet to reduce hypertension emphasizes: A. increased amounts of fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds and legumes B. specialty formulas as meal replacements C. carbohydrate control and counting similar to that used in diabetes mellitus treatment D. increased amounts of protein through low-fat dairy products and large servings of meat

A increased amounts of fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds and legumes

For which of the following functions of protein can other nutrients be substituted? A. energy source B. Immunity C. maintenance and growth D. regulation of body processes

A maintenance and growth

The diet for reactive hypoglycemia includes the following features: A. small, frequent meals with restricted simple sugars B. three meals with ample simple sugars and high complex carbohydrates C. four to six small meals that are high in fat D. three high-carbohydrate meals that are moderate in fat

A small, requent meals with restricted simple sugars

If a client has a history of ketoacidosis, he or she most likely has which type of diabetes: A. type 1 B. type 2 C. pituitary D. gestational

A type 1

The _____ intake from food is not monitored in renal clients A. vitamin D B. fluid C. protein D. sodium

A vitamin D

How much protein would a person receive from a glass of milk? A. 7 grams B. 8 grams C. 14 grams D. 21 grams

B 8 grams

Which of the following seasonings are permitted on a sodium-controlled diet? A. catsup, horseradish, mustard, and tartar sauce B. chili powder, green pepper, and caraway seeds C. celery seeds, seasoned meat tenderizer, and teriyaki sauce D. dry mustard, garlic, and worcestershire sauce

B chili powder, green pepper, and caraway seeds

Kidney disease cannot be caused by: A. consumption of toxic metals B. consumption of 1 to 3 L a day of water C. infection D. trauma

B consumption of 1 to 3 L a day of water

The following statment is true: A. acute illness lowers blood glucose levels B. fluid and electrolyte replacement is essential during episodes of acute illness in all persons with diabetes C. persons with diabetes who have an acute illness require a vitamin and mineral supplement D. persons with diabetes should never eat forms of simple sugar

B fluid and electrolyte replacement is essential during episodes of acute illness in all persons with diabetes

A client with anorexia nervosa: A. has an increased resting energy expenditure B. frequently complains of constipation C. is not likely to have a body image disturbance D. Typically seeks the company of others

B frequently complains of constipation

Kilocalories required per kilogram of body weight are highest during: A. starvation B. growth C. Weight loss D. old age

B growth

A very rapid rate of weight loss (1 pound per day) in an adult who is slightly overweight: A. usually encourages permanent changes in behavior B. may lead to sudden death in some clients C. will preserve lean body mass D. Fosters long-term weight maintenance

B may lead to sudden death in some clients

For most clients, the cornerstone of treatment of type 2 diabetes is: A. stress management B. meal planning C. strict adherence to five planned meals per day D. hypoglycemic drugs

B meal planning

According to most health authorities, the average American would benefit by increasing his or her intake of which of the following fats while decreasing intake of other fats? A. corn oil B. olive oil C. safflower oil D. lard

B olive oil

Cholesterol is found: A. only in saturated fats B. Only in foods of animal origin C. Mostly in eggs D. only in triglycerides

B only in foods of animal origin

Which of the following is nutritional goal for a child with renal failure? A. maintain current hydration status B. promote normal growth and development C. maximize uremia D. stimulate client well-being

B promote normal growth and development

An elderly overweight smoker should first be encouraged to: A. lose weight B. quit smoking C. lose weight and quit smoking using any means possible D. be evaluated to determine if weight loss is indicated and bone health is adequate

B quit smoking

If a person has difficulty purchasing meat to serve every day, which of the following foods should the nurse suggest as offering the best source of protein? A. Bran muffins with raisins B. red beans and rice C. green bean, onion, and mushroom casserole D. sweet potatoes and cornbread

B red beans and rice

Which of the following is a disaccharide? A. Glucose B. Lactose C. Fructose D. Galactose

B. Lactose

Which of the following techniques is used to estimate the body's protein stores? A. Weighing the person under water B. Measuring midarm circumference C. Calculating the body mass index D. Determining triceps skinfolds

B. measuring midarm circumfrence

A healthy adult needs _____ grams of fiber each day A. 5 to 11 B. 12 to 20 C. 21 to 38 D. More than 50

C 21 to 38

One ounce of very lean meat contains 1 gram of fat and 35 kilocalories. What percentage of kilocalories comes from fat? A. 9 B. 20 C. 26 D. 49

C 26

Twelve grams of simple carbohydrate is equal to _____ teaspoon(s) of sugar A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 8

C 3

Which of the following foods is a complete protein? A. baked beans B. broccoli C. beef kabobs D. bread sticks

C beef kabobs

The first action a hypertensive client should take to lower blood pressure is to: A. restrict fluid to 1500 mL per day B. eliminate saturated fat from the diet C. lose weight if necessary D. limit sodium intake to 1 gram per day

C lose weight if necessary

Monoglycerides and diglycerides are names of lipids commonly seen: A. in clients' medical records B. on laboratory reports C. on food labels D. on clients skin

C on food labels

Saturated fats are: A. liquid at room temperature B. more likely to become rancid than other types of fats C. primarily of animal origin D. composed of many double carbon bonds

C primarily of animal origin

The components of energy expenditure are: A. mental activity and physical activity B. Thermic effects of exercise and foods C. resting energy expenditure, physical activity, and to a lesser extent the thermic effect of foods D. Thermic effect of foods, physical activity, and thermic effect of exercise

C resting energy expenditure, physical activity, and to a lesser extent the thermic effect of foods

Which of the following adheres to strict kosher regulations? A. avoiding cheese and cheese products B. Eating only certain cuts of pork C. Keeping separate utensils and dishes for meat and dairy meals. D. Serving lobster, clams and shrimp only on festive occasions.

C. keeping separate utensils and dishes for meat and dairy meals

A kilocalorie is used to measure both: A. weight and percentage body fat B. height and weight C. the units of energy used in the body and contained in foods D. leannes and body-fat content

C. the units of energy used in the body and contained in foods

Which of the following foods is the most kilocalorically dense? A. 1 cup of sugar B. 1 cup of celery C. 1 cup of skim milk D. 1 cup of margarine

D 1 cup of margarine

One slice of bread contains approx. _____ grams of carbohydrates A. 5 B. 8 C. 10 D. 15

D 15

Lifestyle changes that are recommended to reduce cardiovascular disease risk limit saturated and trans-fat intake to _____% of daily kilocalories and cholesterol to _____ milligrams per day. A. 45, 450 B. 30, 300 C. 15, 250 D. 7, 200

D 7, 200

Dietary guidelines for people with diabetes inlude: A. one serving of alcohol daily B. consume no more than 2000 milligrams of sodium each day C. restrict fat intake to less than 10% of total kilocalories D. consume at least 20 to 35 grams of fiber each day

D consume at least 20 to 35 grams of fiber each day

Which of the following lifestyle changes would have the greatest effect in reducing risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease? A. limiting cholesterol intake to the recommended amount B. consuming plant sterols in recommended amounts C. limiting alcohol intake to one or two standard drinks per day D. eating five servings of fruits and vegetables daily

D eating five servings of fruits and vegetables daily

An obese client should be enrolled in a weight-management program and meet the following criteria before medications are tried: A. BMI of 20 and a waist circumference of 30 inches B. in a male, waist circumference of at least 35 inches and BMI of 27 C. A BMI of 27 and no concomitant obesity-related risk factors D. in a female, a waist circumference of at least 35 inches and a BMI of 30 or greater

D in female, a waist circumference of at least 35 inches and a BMI of 30 or greater

the most imporant nutritional consideration in treating clients with kidney stones is to: A. limit calcium intake B. restrict all end products of protein metabolism C. restrict all food sources of calcium, oxide acid, and purines D. increase fluid intake

D increase fluid intake

Kilocalories usually need to be increased in protein-restricted diets because an adequate kilocalorie intake: A. assists in the control of serum potassium B. is necessary to prevent renal anemia C. controls and prevents osteodystrophy D. spares protein

D spares protein

Which of the following people would the nurse regard as being in a catabolic stage? A. adolescent boy who is into bodybuilding B. lactating mother C. Pregnant woman in the second trimester D. surgical client, first day after a stomach resection

D surgical client, first day after a stomach resection

Which of the following is an energy nutrient? A.Phytochemicals B. Vitamins C. Minerals D. Carbohydrates

D. Carbohydrates

Intake that meets the needs of 97 to 98% of individuals in a defined group is called A. acceptable macronutrient distribution range B. adequate intakes C. Estimated average requirements D. Recommended dietary allowances

D. recommended dietary allowances