Nutrition midterm

Which of the following includes the recommended daily amounts of food from each group for a sedentary woman of 32 who requires 1,800 kcal/day, based on the USDA Food Patterns?

1/2 cup grape juice; 2 tbs. peanut butter on 2 slices whole-wheat bread; 1 cup nonfat yogurt; 1 medium apple; 1/2 cup diced cucumbers; 3 oz. baked fish; 1 cup spinach leaves; 1 cup squash; 1/2 cup carrots; 1 cup cooked rice; 2-oz. whole-wheat dinner roll; 1/2 cup strawberries; 2 cups nonfat milk

The Nutrition Facts panel on a food label lists the following information for amounts per serving: 111 calories; 23 calories from fat. What percentages of the calories are provided by fat?

21%

Cells lining the digestive tract replace themselves every:

3 days

The DRI Committee recommended a diet that provides ____ of its calories from carbohydrate.

45-65%

The energy-yielding nutrients include:

??? either proteins, vitamens, and fats

If you do not eat on a regular basis throughout the day, the effect on the body will be:

A coordinated effort to draw stored energy from various parts of the body.

Which of the following is the preferred fuel for most body functions?

Carbohydrate

Which of the following is not a function of fat in the human body?

Carries the water-soluble nutrients

Recent research on the health benefits of flavonoids found in dark chocolate has shown all of the following except:

Chocolate consumption reduces incidence of heart disease.

When you see that foods have a high nutrient density, you should:

Choose them because they form the foundation of the diet in the USDA Food Patterns.

Are long chains of sugar units arranged to form starch or fiber

Complex carbohydrates

Effects of physical activity on the body include all of the following except: a)Reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases b)Decreased bone density c)Faster wound healing d)Increased lean body tissues

Decreased bone density

Which of the following strategies someone experiencing heartburn should use?

Eat smaller meals and drink liquids an hour before or after meals

The role of bile in fat digestion is to:

Emulsify fats in the small intestine.

Which monosaccharide is responsible for the sweet taste of fruit?

Fructose

Which of the following is not one of the complex carbohydrates?

Galactose

As more research demonstrates the possible benefits of phytochemicals for health, the best approach for consuming them is to:

Include a variety of fruits and vegetables containing phytochemicals in your diet.

Which of the following statements concerning lecithin is not true? It has the ability to lower blood cholesterol. It plays a key role in the structure of cell membranes. It is an emulsifier. It has no special ability to promote health.

It has the ability to lower blood cholesterol.

Alcohol affects body functions in all of the following ways except:

It slows down the synthesis of fatty acids

It can be said that the energy we obtain from foods comes from the sun. This is because:

Light energy from the sun is used in photosynthesis to create chemical energy in the plant

A friend says, "My diet contains no sucrose because I don't eat table sugar." Is this likely to be true?

No, because sucrose occurs naturally in many fruits and vegetables

Cells are related to the nutrients we eat in foods because:

Nutrients can affect how the genes in cells work

An important role of the exchange system of categorizing foods is to:

Provide groupings of foods with similar carbohydrate, fat, protein, and calorie contents.

Which of the following have the scientists who have been doing research on phytochemicals in foods found to be true?

Research has shown the possible health benefits in cell and animal studies.

Your sister has evaluated her usual diet by comparing it to the U.S. Dietary Guidelines and has found that her intakes of fruits, vegetables, and dairy foods are lower than recommended. How would you interpret her results?

She needs to eat more of these foods and less of others to keep her calories balanced.

Cholesterol is the best known of the

Sterols.

Which of the following lunches best fits into a meal plan suggesting that a person eat 1-cup vegetables, 2 ounces grains, and 2 ounces protein foods at lunch?

Stir-fry of 1/2 cup tofu and 1 cup mixed vegetables on 1 cup cooked rice

The disaccharides include:

Sucrose, maltose, and lactose

A woman who has begun a new exercise program to keep herself healthy will need to consider that her discretionary calorie allowance:

Will increase as the exercise activity increases.

Which of the following types of cells do not reproduce, and if damaged by injury or disease, are lost forever?

brain cells

Food scientists measure food energy in ____

calories

A majority of fat digestion takes place in the stomach.

false

Carbohydrate has been rightly accused of being the fattening ingredient of foods; therefore, we need to consume fewer starchy foods.

false

For the majority of exercisers, adding excess protein or amino acid supplements to an adequate diet will stimulate muscle building.

false

Growing children are in negative nitrogen balance because they need more protein for adding blood, bone, and muscle cells.

false

One of the major disadvantages of the USDA Food Patterns is that they cannot be adapted to other national and cultural cuisines.

false

Phospholipids make up most of the lipid present both in the body and in food.

false

Starch digestion is completed by the time food reaches the small intestine.

false

The best food source of omega-6 fatty acids is fish and seafood.

false

The best way to control blood glucose levels in diabetes is to avoid all sugary foods.

false

The term "brown bread" on a label is a guarantee that the bread has been made with whole-grain flour.

false

A person in an emergency situation is unable to eat for several weeks. Which of the following would provide the energy that this person would n

fat

The digestive tract needs _____, which provides the bulk against which the muscles of the colon can work.

fiber

A family of organic compounds soluble in organic solvents but not in water is called:

lipids

The blood picks up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide in the:

lungs

Which of the following animal-derived foods contains significant amounts of carbohydrates?

milk

All of the following nutrients are organic except: a) Vitamins b) Minerals c) Fats d) Carbohydrates

minerals

Which of the following cells normally replace themselves once every few years?

muscle

The stomach's main function is the digestion of what nutrient?

protein

Which of the following nutrients yield energy, but also provide materials that form structures and working parts of body tissues?

proteins

One gram of alcohol provides ____ calories

seven

The nutrients fall into___ classes.

six

When fructose and glucose are bonded together they form:

table sugar

An athlete consumes large amounts of meat in an effort to build extra muscle tissue. This practice does not work because:

the body converts amino acid residues to fuel or stores them as fat.

According to the USDA Food Patterns, most adults should limit protein foods intake to 5-7 oz./day.

true

Athletes need slightly more protein than other healthy adults

true

Body fluids supply the tissues continuously with energy, oxygen, and nutrients, including water.

true

Carbohydrates form the first link in the food chain that supports all life on earth.

true

Chronic inflammation of body tissues accompanies uncontrolled diabetes and may contribute to eye, kidney, heart, and other associated problems.

true

Enriched and fortified foods are not necessarily more nutritious than whole basic foods.

true

Fat in foods contributes to satiety.

true

Fatty acids in foods influence the composition of fats in the body.

true

High blood LDL concentrations warn of an increased risk of heart attack.

true

Hydrogenation may affect not only the essential fatty acids in oils but also certain vitamins, decreasing their activity in the body.

true

If needed, protein can help to maintain a steady blood glucose level and so meet the glucose needs of the brain.

true

Inflammation is the immune system's normal, healthy response to cell injury.

true

Legumes are a good source of protein, many B vitamins, iron, and other minerals, making them exceptionally nutritious foods.

true

Malnutrition includes deficiencies, imbalances, and excesses of nutrients, any of which can be detrimental over time.

true

Most unrefined plant foods contain a mix of fiber types.

true

One of the diseases related to nutrition is heart disease, which is the leading cause of death in the U.S.

true

Pork loin is an example of a lean cut of meat from which the fat can be trimmed.

true

Sickle-cell disease is an example of an inherited mistake in the amino acid sequence

true

Some ground turkey and chicken products in which the skin is ground in are much higher in solid fats than lean beef.

true

Some nutrients are stored in the body in much smaller quantities than others are.

true

Some vitamins are stored in the body without limit, even if they reach toxic levels.

true

The Daily Values are nutrient standards used to compare the nutrient contents of packaged foods.

true

The United States is among many countries that establish and publish guidelines for appropriate nutrient intakes.

true

The glycemic index and glycemic load of foods may be of interest to people with diabetes who must strive to regulate blood glucose control.

true

The health claim, "Diets low in sodium may reduce the risk of high blood pressure," on a food label is reliable because it has been backed by scientific evidence.

true

The hypothalamus in the brain monitors many body conditions, including the availability of nutrients and water.

true

The recommended carbohydrate intake in a health-promoting diet is 45-65 percent of calories.

true

Without critical essential amino acids to perform their roles, many of the body's life-sustaining activities would come to a halt.

true

All of the following are found mainly in foods that contain fat except: Vitamin K. Vitamin D. Vitamin A Vitamin C.

vitamin c

When creating and evaluating meals on a daily basis it is best to:

Use a combination of analysis tools to determine nutrient adequacy.

If you were teaching someone with diabetes how to plan a diet to control carbohydrate intakes, which of the following tools would you use?

The exchange list system

Why is milk used as a first-aid remedy for someone who has swallowed a heavy-metal poison?

The poison acts on the protein in the milk rather than on the protein of the gastrointestinal tract.

Which of the following is characteristic of Daily Values?

They are ideal for allowing comparisons among foods.

Tea and certain spices are not included in the USDA Food Patterns. This means that you should consider which of the following when deciding whether to include them in your diet?

They contain phytochemicals so you should consider using them.

One of the best sources of lycopene is

Tomatoes

The purpose of the villi and microvilli in the intestinal tract is to:

Trap the nutrient particles and absorb them into the cells

About 95% of the lipids in foods and in the human body are:

Triglycerides