Nutrition Midterm (Possible Exam Questions) (Covers Modules 1-3)

Felicia wants to meet the MyPlate recommendation for daily consumption of dairy products, which is 3 cups of dairy products. According to the USDA, how much plain yogurt should she eat to replace 1 cup of milk? ½ cup 1 cup 2 cups 2½ cups

1 cup

Table sugar is nearly _____ carbohydrate. 25% 50% 75% 100%

100%

Elisa weighs 62 kg, which is approximately _____ pounds. Correct! 136 152 176 202

136

Three-year-old Amanda does not like to drink milk, but she loves pudding made with fat-free milk. MyPlate recommends that Amanda should consume 2 cups of dairy products daily. According to the USDA, Amanda can meet this recommendation by consuming ____ cups of pudding daily. 2 2.5 3 3.5

2

Donovan wants to consume 3 cups of dairy products daily. According to the USDA, which of the following foods should he eat to replace 1 cup of milk? 1.5 oz cream cheese 1.5 cups baked beans 4 oz American cheese 2 cups cottage cheese

2 cups cottage cheese

According to the 2015-2020 version of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, healthy people should limit their sodium intake to ______ mg/day. 300 1000 2300 4300

2300

When Leah parties with her friends, she usually drinks 6 beers during a 2-hour party. At this level of alcohol consumption, she is ________. An abstainer A moderate drinker A restrained drinker A binge drinker

A binge drinker

Which of the following practices is an example of integrative health care? A physician who treats a patient's back pain with cortisone injections and massage therapy. A physician who has a patient take prescription medications to reduce chronic heartburn. A surgeon who removes a cancerous tumor from a patient's stomach. A physician who applies evening primrose oil to the skin of a person to treat a rash.

A physician who treats a patient's back pain with cortisone injections and massage therapy.

The professional football star Andro "The Man" McGraw claims the dietary supplement AminoProFixate helped him build muscle mass quickly and safely. His endorsement of the product is an example of ________. Unbiased reporting A scientifically valid claim A testimonial Peer review

A testimonial

Zack takes 500 mg of vitamin C daily. He advises his friends to take vitamin C supplements because, he claims, the vitamin protects him from cold viruses. His claim about the usefulness of the vitamin is an ________. In-vivo report In-vitro assumption Introspection Anecdote

Anecdote

A substance that can protect a person's cells from being damaged or destroyed by certain harmful factors is a (an) ________. Oxidizing agent Antioxidant Vitamin Mineral nutrient

Antioxidant

Which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of monounsaturated fatty acids? Avocado Walnuts Milk Chicken

Avocado

Women who are trying to become pregnant or are pregnant should ________. Limit their alcohol consumption to beer Mix distilled alcohol with fruit juice before consuming it Avoid all forms of alcohol Drink alcohol only with meals

Avoid all forms of alcohol

Avi's salivary glands do not secrete amylase. As a result of his condition, his mouth cannot ________. Absorb alcohol Begin starch digestion Lubricate dry foods Begin fat digestion

Begin starch digestion

The liver recycles bile salts to make new ________. Bile Hemoglobin White blood cells Glycogen

Bile

The liver uses cholesterol to make ________. Vitamin A Bile Water Fatty acids

Bile

Which of the following organs is not an accessory organ of the digestive system? Liver Brain Pancreas Gallbladder

Brain

A primary function of the digestive system is the ________. Production of red blood cells Transmission of nervous impulses Destruction of toxic metabolic by-products Breakdown of food into nutrients

Breakdown of food into nutrients

Carter wants to lower his blood cholesterol level. Based on this information, he should limit his intake of ________. Whole grain products Nuts and seeds Butter and beef Fruit juices

Butter and beef

Abe wants to use canned or frozen peaches to make a dessert. While shopping for the fruit, how can he determine which kind has the least sugar per serving? By reading the ingredients' lists on the labels By checking the labels for health claims By subtracting amounts of fiber in the two kinds of fruit from their total carbohydrate contents By comparing sugar content information that is listed in the Nutrition Facts panels

By comparing sugar content information that is listed in the Nutrition Facts panels

MyPlate Uses the same food groupings as the Exchange System. Classifies olives in the oil foods group. Can be individualized to meet a person's food preferences. Was replaced by MyPyramid in 2014.

Can be individualized to meet a person's food preferences.

Brett eats _____ to increase his intake of omega-3 fatty acids. Baked beans Whole-wheat bread Fresh strawberries Canned sardines

Canned sardines

A team of scientists extracts a chemical that they call "Zombia" from the leaves of a common houseplant. One of the scientists would like to market Zombia as a dietary supplement because it makes people sleepy, when it is injected into them. Based on this information, Zombia ________. Cannot be marketed as a dietary supplement Can be marketed as a dietary supplement because it is from a plant Cannot be marketed as a dietary supplement because its source is widespread in nature Can be marketed as a dietary supplement, but only if it is promoted as a conventional food item

Cannot be marketed as a dietary supplement

Generally, epidemiological studies ________. Establish causation without observations Prove positive correlations Cannot determine cause-and-effect relationships Involve in-vitro experimentation

Cannot determine cause-and-effect relationships

Most forms of _____ are a source of energy for cells. Cholesterol Water Vitamin C Carbohydrate

Carbohydrate

Scientists study 200 adults who have type 2 diabetes and 200 adults who have similar characteristics but do not have the disease. For 18 months, the researchers collect lifestyle information on all the study participants. According to the study's findings, the adults with type 2 diabetes were 25% less physically active than their counterparts who did not have type 2 diabetes. This is an example of a(n) _____ study. Inverse relationship Anecdotal Prospective Case-control

Case-control

Which of the following menu items has major ingredients that represent four different MyPlate food groups? Ready-to-eat cereal with strawberries, blueberries, and fat-free milk Casserole made with canned tuna, green onions, noodles, and cheddar cheese Toasted cheese sandwich made with American cheese, Swiss cheese, and two slices of buttered whole-wheat bread Smoothie made with vanilla yogurt, fat-free milk, orange juice, wheat germ, and fresh peaches

Casserole made with canned tuna, green onions, noodles, and cheddar cheese

The ____ is the smallest living functional unit in an organism. Cell Atom Mitochondrion Organelle

Cell

According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Americans consumed more ____ in 2010 than in 1970. Cheese Eggs Red meat Whole grains

Cheese

According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Americans consumed more ____ in 2010 than in 1970. Chicken Eggs Red meat Milk

Chicken

According to the 2015-2020 version of the Dietary Guidelines, _____ should be consumed in amounts that are as low as possible. Cholesterol Grilled legumes Potassium-rich foods Dietary supplements

Cholesterol

The primary function of the cardiovascular system is ________. Production of red blood cells Circulation of blood throughout the body Destruction of toxic metabolic by-products Regulation of body activities

Circulation of blood throughout the body

Blood and blood vessels are primary components of the _____ system. Nervous Integumentary Urinary Circulatory

Circulatory

If your diet supplies more sugar and starch than you need, the excess can be Converted to proteins that are metabolized for energy. Metabolized to form urea and excreted by the kidneys. Eliminated in feces. Converted into fat and stored.

Converted into fat and stored.

The body uses cholesterol to make vitamin ____. A D E B-12

D

A nutrition scientist wants to develop a nutritionally complete formula diet for adults who are healthy but need to avoid solid food for awhile. Based on this information, she is likely to refer to _____ when developing the new formula. Dietary Guidelines DRIs MyPlate Exchange System lists

DRIs

Which of the following standards can help you compare nutrient contents of packaged foods to make more healthful choices? RDAs ULs AIs DVs

DVs

Hannah is in her 5th month of pregnancy. Her diet is poor because she rarely pays attention to her food choices, and she eats a limited variety of foods that she likes. Hannah was described as "undernourished" by her physician. Based on this information, Hannah is likely to ________. Give birth at least two weeks later than expected Deliver a baby who has breathing difficulties Give birth to a high-birth-weight baby Deliver a baby with type 1 diabetes

Deliver a baby who has breathing difficulties

For 5 years, Michael ate only plant foods. He recently developed numbness in his feet and a sore swollen tongue. A few days after he added eggs and milk to his diet, his tongue healed and the numbness in his feet stopped bothering him. Based on this information, Michael probably ________. Had absorbed toxic minerals from plant foods, which were eliminated from his body when he consumed the animal foods Suffered from a rare genetic disorder that developed when high levels of various phytochemicals were consumed Developed a nutrient deficiency disorder that was cured by the eating animal foods Had been infected with a rare viral disease that was transmitted by certain plant foods

Developed a nutrient deficiency disorder that was cured by the eating animal foods

Steve has pancreatic cancer. As a result of the disease, Steve has a high risk of Diabetes mellitus. Cystic fibrosis. Diverticular disease. Metabolic syndrome.

Diabetes mellitus.

Which of the following websites is most likely a source of biased and unreliable nutrition information? Purdue.edu Dietsnomore4u.com Eatright.org Choosemyplate.gov

Dietsnomore4u.com

Pancreatic amylase Digests starch in the small intestine. Is secreted by the gallbladder. Contributes to cystic fibrosis. Converts glucose to energy in cells.

Digests starch in the small intestine.

A magazine advertisement for a weight loss product includes before and after photos of a woman who supposedly lost 50 pounds in 3 weeks while taking the product. The bottom of the ad includes the statement, "Results are not typical." This statement is an example of a(n) ________. Testimonial Anecdote Placebo Disclaimer

Disclaimer

A food has a pH that is higher than the pH of pure water but lower than the pH of an oven cleaning solution. Based on this information, the food is ________. Egg white Lemon juice Red wine Black coffee

Egg white

Food guides generally do not group _____ with dairy foods. Eggs American cheese Plain yogurt Pudding

Eggs

Iron, calcium, and carbon are ________. Compounds Elements Solvents Bases

Elements

Phosphorus, potassium, and sodium are ________. Compounds Elements Electrons Organelles

Elements

An _____ is a compound that speeds up (catalyzes) a chemical reaction. Organelle Anion Enzyme Acid

Enzyme

A group of scientists would like to determine lifestyle factors that are associated with the development of asthma among American children. Based on this information, the researchers should design a (an) _____ study. Conventional In-vivo Double-blind Epidemiological

Epidemiological

The Exchange System allows you to Estimate your carbohydrate intake. Interpret nutrition information on food labels. Predict your risk of serious chronic diseases such as diabetes. Calculate your DRIs.

Estimate your carbohydrate intake.

The ____ is responsible for ensuring the safety and effectiveness of medications. EPA FDA NRC FTC

FDA

The sides of the tongue have taste buds that are only able to detect sweet-tasting items. True False

False

Which of the following foods provides the most carbohydrate per 4-ounce serving? Ham slice Fat-free milk Baked chicken Canned tuna

Fat-free milk

hen cells have more glucose than they need energy, they may convert some of the excess into Fat. Ketone bodies. Certain B vitamins. Fiber.

Fat.

The government agency that enforces consumer protection laws by investigating false or misleading health-related claims is the ________. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

Which of the following foods is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids? Flaxseeds Apples Leaf lettuce Fat-free milk

Flaxseeds

Which of the following substances is a simple sugar? Starch Lignin Fructose Glycogen

Fructose

Which of the following statements about fruits and/or vegetables is false? Fruits and vegetables are sources of phytochemicals. Vegetables are often good sources of fiber. Most fruits and vegetables are naturally low in fat. Fruit juices provide more fiber than whole fruit.

Fruit juices provide more fiber than whole fruit.

The three most important dietary monosaccharides for humans are Glucose, galactose, and mannose. Fructose, lactose, and hexose monophosphate. Galactose, glucose, and fructose. Maltose, ribose, and galactose.

Galactose, glucose, and fructose.

Last night, Sara ate French fries, fried fish, and creamy cole slaw. For dessert, she had a chocolate milk shake. About an hour after eating this food, she suddenly complained of severe abdominal pain. Based on this information, Sara probably has ________. Colitis Aneurysms Constipation Gallstones

Gallstones

Jared often eats a large dinner about an hour before he lies down to sleep. Based on this information, he is likely to develop ________. Crohn's disease Gastroesophageal reflux disease Chronic constipation Colon cancer

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

_____ can be classified as a dietary supplement. Chewing tobacco Ginkgo biloba Cherry jelly Orange drink

Ginkgo biloba

Katie is pregnant. She has type 1 diabetes and often has difficulty controlling her blood glucose level. Based on this information, Katie is likely to Give birth to a baby that has birth defects. Have a lower risk of gestational hypertension. Require more vitamin D, calcium, and iron than a pregnant woman who does not have diabetes. Require more glucagon than she needed before becoming pregnant.

Give birth to a baby that has birth defects.

The starch in rice and potatoes is composed of _____ molecules. Glycogen Polysaccharide Fructose Glucose

Glucose

Which of the following foods is naturally a source of phytochemicals? Margarine Tuna Grapes Luncheon meat

Grapes

Dorrie wants to eat a food that is a good source of fiber and phytochemicals. Based on this information, which of the following foods would you recommend? Brown eggs Organic chicken Dairy foods Green beans

Green beans

Which of the following substances carries cholesterol away from tissues? LDL HDL Insoluble fiber Insulin

HDL

Which of the following conditions or diseases is a leading diet-related cause of death in the United States? Chronic lower respiratory infections Heart disease Suicide Influenza and pneumonia

Heart disease

Having high blood levels of _____ may increase a person's risk of CVD. HDL Tryptophan Aspartic acid Homocysteine

Homocysteine

Certain organs and tissues use _____ to send messages to target cells. Enzymes Hormones Bonds Lacteals

Hormones

Which of the following characteristics or conditions increases a person's risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD)? Low body weight Female sex Asian ancestry Hypertension

Hypertension

Betty is constipated; she generally has bowel movements only twice a week. To help relieve her constipation without taking medications, Betty should reduce her intake of fruits and vegetables. Increase her intake of fiber-rich foods. Use colon cleansing enemas daily. Restrict her fluid intake.

Increase her intake of fiber-rich foods.

A physician who hosts a popular TV show makes several nutrition-related claims during one of the programs. Which of the doctor's claims is a "red flag" of unreliable information? Kava cures migraine headaches. The "placebo effect" often occurs in controlled studies involving human subjects. Niacin cures pellagra. Not all doctors are nutrition experts.

Kava cures migraine headaches.

Bethany consumes a very-low-carbohydrate diet that supplies less than 100 g of carbohydrate daily, but she eats high amounts of meat and fat. As a result of her diet, Bethany's cells form more _____ than normal. Ketone bodies Glycogen Muscle cells Vitamins

Ketone bodies

Betty has type 2 diabetes, and she has difficulty keeping her fasting blood glucose level under 180 mg/dl. Based on this information, Betty has a high risk of Kidney failure. Cystic fibrosis. Irritable bowel syndrome. Lactose intolerance

Kidney Failure

After being absorbed, most lipids become incorporated into chylomicrons and enter ________. special cells lining the hepatic portal vein Correct! lacteals within the villi The gastroesophageal sphincter Chyme

Lacteals within the villi

Which of the following carbohydrates is in plain, fat-free milk? Sucrose Lactose Glycogen Starch

Lactose

Feces form in the ________. Lower stomach Esophageal sphincter Large intestine Pyloric valve

Large intestine

Marcus has an infection that causes a temporary loss of villi. Based on this information, you would expect Marcus to _____ while he has this illness. Absorb vitamins more rapidly Digest proteins more efficiently Lose weight rapidly Develop gallstones.

Lose weight rapidly

You are planning a party for a group of college students. Some of the students follow the dietary practices of the Jewish, Islamic, and Mormon religions. Which of the following menu items would be acceptable to everyone at the party? Crackers topped with slices of smoked ham Cheeseburgers Meatless bean dip Beer

Meatless bean dip

According to Shawn's physician, Shawn has a high risk of _____ because his waist circumference is 42 inches, his blood pressure consistently measures 140 mm Hg/90 mm Hg, and his fasting blood glucose level is 110 mg/dl. Metabolic syndrome Cystic fibrosis Diverticulitis Constipation

Metabolic Syndrome

_____ is the sum of all chemical reactions that occur in living cells. Anatomy Chyme Metabolism Homeostasis

Metabolism

Lactose is the disaccharide in Liver. Milk. Sugar. Grapes.

Milk.

The process of digesting food begins in the ________. Colon Liver Mouth Esophagus

Mouth

An essential nutrient ________. Performs a vital function in the body Is only in foods from animal sources Must be supplied by the diet Is not in foods that are rich sources of empty calories

Must be supplied by the diet

Sari would like to compare amounts of polyunsaturated fat in two brands of canned tuna. She should read the ___ on each product's label. Nutrition Facts panel Structure/functions claims List of ingredients Country of origin information

Nutrition Facts panel

Which of the following groups of foods is not a major food group of MyPlate? Dairy Grains Oils Protein foods

Oils

In the United States, food insecurity is most likely to affect ________. Adolescent boys experiencing a growth spurt Adult women who take birth control pills Older adults on fixed incomes Body builders who consume too many protein supplements

Older adults on fixed incomes

An _____ is a body structure composed of tissues that have related functions. Organ Anion Electrolyte Organelle

Organ

A person's _____ is not a major influence for his or her food selection practices. Place of residence Political beliefs Mood Health status

Political beliefs

Which of the following nutrients is a source of energy for human cells? Cholesterol Protein Vitamin D Iron

Protein

According to the main nutrition-related goal of Healthy People 2020, Americans should ________. Increase their use of dietary supplements that contain vitamins and minerals Reduce young children's exposure to substances in foods that cause allergies Learn how to obtain nutrition information from reliable sources Reduce the risk of chronic diseases by consuming a healthy diet

Reduce the risk of chronic diseases by consuming a healthy diet

Which of the following kinds of studies would be the best to use to identify lifestyle factors that may be related to the development of liver cancer in an adult population? Single-blind study Experimental study Retrospective study Double-blind study

Retrospective study

During a television interview, Dr. Ima Quack provides the following statement. "Most Americans suffer from nutritional deficiency diseases and will develop cancer within the next 10 years because they are not taking my megavitamin formula therapy." Dr. Quack's statement is an example of a(n) ________. Medical hypothesis Scare tactic Intuitive deduction Personal observation

Scare tactic

Chyme is the ________. Material absorbed by lacteals that the liver must detoxify and excrete Large particle that transports lipids throughout the bloodstream Semisolid liquid formed by the partial digestion of food in the stomach Organelle that maintains fluid balance within intestinal cells

Semisolid liquid formed by the partial digestion of food in the stomach

Hillary consumed 3 servings of an orange-flavored sugar-sweetened soft drink that provided 140 kcal/serving. This amount of the beverage Substitutes for 3 eating fresh oranges. Provides a nutrient-dense source of a watery fluid. Is nutritionally equivalent to 3 cups of orange juice Should be considered a source of empty calories.

Should be considered a source of empty calories.

Which of the following foods is the most nutrient dense per serving? Olive oil French fries Grape drink Soy milk

Soy milk

Adipose cells ________. Store triglycerides Secrete insulin Metabolize glycogen Transport cholesterol away from other cells

Store triglycerides

Which of the following substances is a nutrient that provides energy for humans? Alcohol Sugar Caffeine Thiamin

Sugar

Which of the following foods or beverages is a major source of added sugars in American diets? Sugar-sweetened soft drinks Ready-to-eat cereals Fruit Flavored Greek yogurt

Sugar-sweetened soft drinks

_____ includes farming techniques that do not deplete natural resources or harm the environment. Biotechnologic food production Organoleptic crop management Nutrigenomic farming Sustainable agriculture

Sustainable agriculture

Actress Lotta Talent appears in commercials endorsing a dietary supplement containing a substance from dandelions for weight loss. Her endorsement is an example of a(n) ________. Purport Testimonial Anecdote Factoid

Testimonial

According to the 2015-2020 version of the Dietary Guidelines, _____ should be consumed in amounts that are as low as possible. Trans fat Grilled legumes Iron-rich foods Artificial food additives

Trans fat

Which of the following menu items has major ingredients that represent three different MyPlate food groups? Vanilla ice cream topped with peanuts, strawberries, and chocolate syrup Fruit smoothie made with vanilla yogurt, orange juice, fat-free milk, and fresh peaches Sandwich made with American cheese, chicken, leaf lettuce, sliced tomato, mayonnaise, and two slices of whole-wheat bread Casserole made with cooked ham, cheddar cheese, dried apricots, green onions, and milk

Vanilla ice cream topped with peanuts, strawberries, and chocolate syrup

Today, Sean only ate three sandwiches made with whole-grain buns, 3 slices of cheese, and 10 ounces of roast beef. He also drank 3 cups of orange juice. According to MyPlate, he ate nothing from the food group that includes Eggs. Milk and milk products. Pudding. Vegetables.

Vegetables.

Impoverished children who live in developing countries have a high risk of dying from ________. Consuming too much fat and sugar Vitamin A deficiency Developing cystic fibrosis Developing type 2 diabetes

Vitamin A deficiency

When following recipes, Candice wants to use a type of fat that is not a solid fat. Which of the following fats should she use? Unsalted butter Shortening Walnut oil Stick margarine

Walnut oil

Scientists at a major university have isolated a chemical from grapes. Which of the following features is an indication that this chemical could be a vitamin? When large amounts of the chemical are consumed, no health problems occur. The chemical has a very limited range of safe intake. The chemical is in grapes, cherries, and tomatoes. When a person's diet lacks the chemical, his or her body experiences abnormal functioning.

When a person's diet lacks the chemical, his or her body experiences abnormal functioning.

Which of the following observations is an example of a positive correlation? When members of a population consume fewer fruits and vegetables, their risk of high blood pressure increases. When a group of children increases their physical activity levels, the percentage of the children who contract cold infections decreases. When women gain less weight than average during pregnancy, the birthweights of their babies tend to be lower than average. When a population's intake of green tea increases, the percentage of lung cancer cases in that population decreases.

When women gain less weight than average during pregnancy, the birthweights of their babies tend to be lower than average.

Which of the following foods is a rich source of starch? White rice Egg yolk Fresh chicken Raw shrimp

White rice

Which of the following foods is considered to be a probiotic? Yogurt with live and active cultures of Lactobacillus Fresh lean meat Breads and cereals made from refined enriched wheat flour Eggs laid by hens that consume organic feed

Yogurt with live and active cultures of Lactobacillus

Which of the following factors has a major influence over a person's food choices? Close friends Blood type Vitamin A status Birth order

Close friends

Having a control group enables researchers to ________. Provide specific treatments to participants of the group Compare findings of the control group with those of the experimental group Avoid using harmful interventions when testing control subjects' responses Explore possible hypotheses for future research efforts

Compare findings of the control group with those of the experimental group

Erika has type 1 diabetes and gives herself insulin injections to help manage her blood glucose level. One afternoon, Erika tested her blood and discovered that her blood glucose level was 260 mg/dl. Based on this information, Erika should Consume candy or fruit juice to increase her blood glucose level. Do nothing to intervene, because her blood glucose level is normal. Take a dietary supplement that contains vitamin C. Give herself a specific dose of insulin.

Give herself a specific dose of insulin.

Albert is a healthy, 23-year-old college student. He would like to know more about his risk of cardiovascular disease, so he can take preventive measures, if they are necessary. Albert should ________. Test his urine for the presence of glucocorticoids Have a lipoprotein profile performed on a sample of his blood Undergo cardiac catheterization to determine the ejection factor of his heart Have a chest x-ray

Have a lipoprotein profile performed on a sample of his blood

Which of the following practices is an example of integrative health care? Taking an aspirin and resting quietly to relieve a headache Having surgery and physical therapy to treat a torn tendon Having psychological counseling and taking St. John's wort to improve mood Applying a prescription antibiotic to a wound and wrapping the affected area with sterile gauze to prevent infection

Having psychological counseling and taking St. John's wort to improve mood.

In the body, certain lipids ________. Are necessary for the absorption of dietary fiber Help maintain cell membranes Stimulate the production of vitamins and minerals Contribute to proper body hydration

Help maintain cell membranes

The Tolerable Upper Limit for a nutrient is the Amount that meets the nutrient needs of 98% of the population. Minimum amount of the nutrient that can be tolerated on an empty stomach when consumed as a dietary supplement. Highest average amount that is unlikely to harm most people when consumed daily. Precise amount proven to cure the nutrient's deficiency disorder in humans.

Highest average amount that is unlikely to harm most people when consumed daily.

Caden develops intestinal cramps and gas after he drinks more than a half cup of milk. He can eat yogurt and cheese without any discomfort. Based on this information, Caden probably has Lactose intolerance. Milk allergy. Diverticulosis. Inflamed hemorrhoids.

Lactose intolerance.

Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome usually includes making dietary changes and ________. Learning ways to manage stress effectively Moving to a drier climate Having the lower third of the colon removed Reducing physical activity

Learning ways to manage stress effectively

A chylomicron is a type of ________. Lipoprotein Fatty acid Sterol Phospholipid

Lipoprotein

____ is an example of an food that supplies a lot of empty calories. Whole milk Cottage cheese Lite beer Unsalted crackers

Lite beer

Which of the following organs is the main site for detoxifying alcohol? Spleen Liver Stomach Kidneys

Liver

Which of the following organs relies on enterohepatic circulation to recycle bile salts? Liver Esophagus Brain Thyroid

Liver

Coretta has severe chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). To reduce her likelihood of developing heartburn, her physician recommended that she ________. Avoid high-fiber fruits and vegetables Eat a small piece of peppermint candy after meals Drink chocolate milk shakes with meals Lose excess body fat

Lose excess body fat

A group of registered dietitian nutritionists is planning to conduct a scientific study to investigate the effects of eating honey on school-age children's behavior. At first, the researchers will ________. Analyze the hypothesis Make observations Identify relationships between variables Gather data

Make observations

Before she shops for groceries, Terry plans several nutritionally adequate daily menus for her family. Which of the following guides is the best menu-planning tool for her to use? Recommended Dietary Allowances Daily Values MyPlate Basic Four Food Groups

MyPlate

Tyler smokes cigarettes, drinks excess alcohol, and takes aspirins regularly to treat his headaches. Based on this information, Tyler has a high risk of developing ________. Cystic fibrosis Peptic ulcers Irritable bowel syndrome Chronic constipation

Peptic ulcers

Researchers are conducting a study to determine the effects of vitamin C on the human immune system. The study involves providing pills that contain vitamin C to one group of human subjects and pills that do not contain vitamin C or other active ingredients to another group of people. The pills that do not contain the vitamin are Antidotes. Supplements. Placebos. Probiotics.

Placebos.

A 10-month old baby whose diet is low in fat has ____, which is a sign of an essential fatty acid deficiency. Poor growth Sleep apnea Arterial plaque Heart failure

Poor growth

Which of the following foods is a source of cholesterol? Organic carrots Rolled oats Pork steak High-fructose corn syrup

Pork steak

In the body, fat ________. Provide insulation against cold temperatures Are necessary for the absorption of dietary fiber Stimulate the production of vitamins and minerals Are needed for proper cholesterol digestion

Provide insulation against cold temperatures

The amount of vitamin C that meets about 98% of the population's need for the nutrient is the _____ for the vitamin. RDA EAR UL %DV

RDA

Glucagon Helps glucose enter cells. Stimulates cells to store glucose as glycogen. Raises blood glucose levels. Increases the metabolic rate.

Raises blood glucose levels.

Which of the following foods has a low glycemic index (less than 70)? Cornflakes cereal Raw carrots Banana Plain white bagel

Raw carrots

A group of nutrition researchers interviews 100 adults who have chronic high blood pressure to determine whether there is an association between consuming diets low in calcium during adolescence and developing high blood pressure in adulthood. This study is an example of a ____ study. Case-control Retrospective Prospective Acrosomatic

Retrospective

Eating a high-salt diet increases people's chances of developing high blood pressure. Thus, a diet that supplies excessive amounts of salt is a ____ for high blood pressure. Hypothetical variable Dietary modulator Risk factor Primary predictor

Risk Factor

Which of the following foods contains cholesterol? Green beans Roast pork Ripe banana White potato

Roast pork

One day, Hillary consumed a handful of peanuts, a bowl of chocolate pudding, a sugar-sweetened soft drink, and three hard-cooked eggs. Which of these foods contains a lot of empty calories and is not a member of one of the USDA's major food groups? Chocolate pudding Soft drink Peanuts Eggs

Soft drink

Which of the following substances is a complex carbohydrate? Starch High-fructose corn syrup Glucose Carbon dioxide

Starch

The body uses cholesterol to make ________. Vitamin A Steroid hormones Water Fatty acids

Steroid hormones

Jeremy would like to know the amount of vitamin C that is recommended for his life/stage group. He can obtain this information by Checking the RDA table for vitamin C. Reading Nutrition Facts panels to determine the %DV for vitamin C. Checking an Exchange List for vitamin C intake recommendations. Reading the ingredients' list on a food label.

Checking the RDA table for vitamin C.

Hillary would like to add more soluble fiber to her diet. Which of the following foods should she add? Citrus fruits Red meats Margarine White bread

Citrus Fruits

The host of a radio program makes a "red flag" claim about a nutrition-related product, because the claim is generally an indication that the information about the product is unreliable. The radio program host said, ________. "According to the FDA, this product is classified a dietary supplement, because it contains vitamins" "All ingredients in this product have been scientifically tested and clinically proven" "This product contains sugar and certain artificial color and flavor additives" "The ingredients in this product are listed on the label"

"All ingredients in this product have been scientifically tested and clinically proven"

A serving of food contains 20 g fat, 2 g protein, 5 g carbohydrate, 5 g alcohol, and 1000 mg potassium. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies _____ kcal. 440 200 423 243

243

Most of the people living in a small South African village have access to nutritious foods. Soon after their birth, 10 infants in the village developed severe diarrhea, which resulted in dehydration. After questioning the infants' parents, local public health officials were able to determine the cause of the diarrhea. Based on the officials' findings, the parents were advised to ________. Give megadoses of vitamin C to each baby Add more fruit juice to the babies' diets Stop diluting the babies' formula with local well water Reduce the amount of iron in the babies' diets

Stop diluting the babies' formula with local well water

The primary function of an adipose cell is ________. Storing fat Making insulin Metabolizing glycogen Transporting cholesterol within tissues

Storing fat

Researchers at a major American university plan a 10-year study involving 25,000 adults who will follow their usual lifestyles while they participate in the study. One of the main goals of this particular scientific investigation is to determine lifestyle factors that contribute to stomach cancer. Which of the following activities is likely to be a component of their research efforts? Contacting the local news station to report their findings Submitting an article describing the results of the study to a peer-reviewed journal Posting significant findings at the main researcher's Internet website Establishing a place for the subjects to live for the duration of the study

Submitting an article describing the results of the study to a peer-reviewed journal

Belle is pregnant and has two young children. She is having difficulty supporting her family on an income of $18,000/year. Recently, she was diagnosed with high blood pressure and iron deficiency. Based on this information, Belle should enroll in the _____ program. FDIC FDA WIC HWHB

WIC

Which of the following observations is an example of an inverse correlation? When population increases its daily consumption of whole grain products, the population's frequency of daily bowel movements increases. Children who consume 3 cups of vitamin D milk daily develop stronger bones than children who drink fewer than 3 cups of vitamin D milk each day. Women who smoke 5 or more cigarettes each day during pregnancy are more likely to give birth to underweight babies than women who smoke fewer than 5 cigarettes a day during pregnancy. As a population's intake of foods that contain beta-carotene increases, the population's tissue levels of vitamin A increase.

Women who smoke 5 or more cigarettes each day during pregnancy are more likely to give birth to underweight babies than women who smoke fewer than 5 cigarettes a day during pregnancy.