Nutrition practice questions

The nurse provided teaching to an underweight patient about a new meal plan. Which observation by the nurse indicates that the teaching has been effective? Heart rate 62 and irregular Weight gain of 2.3 kg in 1 month Muscle tenderness noted in bilateral thigh muscles Blood pressure 98/50 mmHg

Weight gain of 2.3 kg in 1 month

Which term is defined as having no consistent access to sufficient nutritious food? Undernutrition Food insecurity Food desert Food security

Food insecurity

A patient with an eating disorder (ED) calls the nurse to discuss her fears concerning the outcome of her recent pregnancy. A friend has told her that the baby could die in utero or be delivered prematurely because of the ED. How should the nurse respond to address the patient's concern? "Unfortunately, your friend is right: An eating disorder can cause a baby to die in utero as a result of a lack of adequate nutritional support during pregnancy." "You're right to be concerned. It's important to get you referred and admitted as soon as possible for intensive inpatient treatment of your eating disorder." "There are really no documented issues that occur consistently with eating disorders in pregnancy." "Eating disorders can affect pregnancy, and preterm delivery is certainly something that can occur. Let's discuss this when you come in for your initial visit."

"Eating disorders can affect pregnancy, and preterm delivery is certainly something that can occur. Let's discuss this when you come in for your initial visit."

The nurse provided teaching to a patient about lifestyle adjustments to improve nutrition and protect cardiovascular functioning. Which patient statement demonstrates that learning occurred? "I will only eat at a fast food chain at lunch time." "I will start walking every day." "I will have dessert five nights a week." "I will only have salt on my popcorn."

"I will start walking every day."

During assessment, a patient with anorexia nervosa (AN) tells the nurse, "My thighs are huge." Which response by the nurse represents the use of a cognitive-behavioral approach to treatment? "How do you feel about the possibility of gaining some weight?" "I don't think you have large thighs, but it would be good if you did." "Your thighs are no larger than they were yesterday." "Let's talk about how we can work on perceiving your body proportionally."

"Let's talk about how we can work on perceiving your body proportionally."

The nurse gave a presentation to a local group focused on healthy body image in teenage girls. Which statement by one of the teen participants indicates the need for additional teaching? "I need to eat enough calories to meet my body's nutritional needs." "My confidence should be based on my value as a human being, not the size of my clothes." "No matter what, I've got to stay thin." "I learned a lot about healthy eating and healthy portions today."

"No matter what, I've got to stay thin."

A public health nurse is teaching a group of school nurses about eating disorders. Which statement concerning pathophysiological changes that occur in patients with feeding and eating disorders should be included in the discussion? "The sensitivity of the short-term satiation signal increases during food deprivation, so smaller amounts of food are necessary to generate the signal to terminate a meal, resulting in a vicious circle." "Hormones affected in individuals with feeding and eating disorders will return to normal once the eating-disordered behaviors cease." "A low level of the neurotransmitter 5-HT increases a person's satiety and decreases nutrient intake, contributing to eating disorders such as anorexia." "People with feeding or eating disorders experience blunted or attenuated function in both short-and long-acting signaling processes for weight and appetite regulation."

"People with feeding or eating disorders experience blunted or attenuated function in both short-and long-acting signaling processes for weight and appetite regulation."

A family caregiver is concerned that an older adult parent has an eating disorder because the parent has no energy and no appetite. How should the nurse respond? "As a result of changes in muscle tone and skin elasticity, it sometimes seems like older people are losing weight when they actually aren't. This is probably not an eating disorder." "It's a valid concern. Eating disorders can happen in older adults, and anorexia nervosa is the most common." "This is common as a result of sensory changes. There's no need to be concerned. Please don't worry." "This is referred to as physiological anorexia of aging and is common in older adults. We can schedule an appointment if you'd like to get an assessment done."

"This is referred to as physiological anorexia of aging and is common in older adults. We can schedule an appointment if you'd like to get an assessment done."

The nurse is assessing a 1-year-old child who weighs 24 pounds and was 8 pounds at birth. The mother tells the nurse, "My baby has gained weight and needs to be on a diet." How should the nurse respond? "Reducing calories now will ensure that the child will be healthier when starting school." "Children will eat whatever is put in front of them. Just reduce the amount of food each day." "That's a good idea because childhood obesity causes adult health problems." "Your child is at an ideal weight. There is no need for a diet."

"Your child is at an ideal weight. There is no need for a diet."

A nurse in a pediatric clinic is talking with the parent of toddler who states that her child will not sit at the tale to eat with the family. She asks the nurse for recommendations for "finger foods" for her child. Which of the following foods should the nurse suggest? A. Slices of ripe banana B. Popcorn C. Slices of hot dogs D> Raw carrots

A

A nurse is caring for a client who has a deficiency of vitamin D. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend the client include in his diet? A. Whole milk B. Chicken C. Oranges D. Dried peas

A

Which condition specifically can cause low blood oxygen? Gingivitis Obesity Undernutrition Anemia

Anemia

While reviewing lab results for a patient with anorexia nervosa, the nurse notes a low hemoglobin level. Which complication should the nurse suspect based on the lab result? Osteoporosis Anemia Metabolic alkalosis Dehydration

Anemia

A patient reports "feeling faint" when standing up. During the exam, the nurse notes emaciation, dry skin, and lanugo on the patient's arms and shoulders. In light of these findings, which diagnosis should the nurse suspect? Bulimia nervosa Anorexia nervosa Binge-eating disorder Hyperthyroidism

Anorexia nervosa

The nurse is completing a health questionnaire with a young patient who has a BMI of 17.5, blood pressure of 95/45 mmHg, and an irregular apical pulse. For which disorder should the patient be screened? Overexercise Binge-eating disorder Bulimia nervosa Anorexia nervosa

Anorexia nervosa

The nurse is caring for a patient who has been struggling with obesity and wants to lose weight. Which type of pharmacologic intervention should the nurse anticipate the healthcare provider will discuss with the patient? Statins Minerals Anorexiants Vitamins

Anorexiants

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving TPN. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Administer 0.9% NaCl until TPN is available from the pharmacy B. Check the client's capillary blood glucose level every 4 hr C. Obtain the client's weight each week D. Change the IV tubing every 3 days

B

A patient with bulimia nervosa (BN) asks the healthcare provider whether any medications can be prescribed to treat the disorder. Which medication should the nurse anticipate will be prescribed for the patient? Antianxiety agent, lorazepam H2 antagoist, famotidine Antidepressant agent, fluoxetine Progesterone megestrol

Antidepressant agent, fluoxetine

The nurse suggests to a teen patient that reconnecting with the activities that the patient once enjoyed is a way of helping deal with an eating disorder. Which outcome would the nurse most likely expect if the patient were to implement this action? A decrease in ordered eating behaviors Beginning to re-experience positive emotions A decrease in anxiety and relief of tension An enhanced ability to communicate effectively

Beginning to re-experience positive emotions

A patient seeking treatment for bulimia nervosa of the binge eating/purging type reports being worried about the bloating she is experiencing. How should the nurse respond? Not using the bathroom after meals causes bloating. Bloating is not an unusual symptom in BN. Setting a goal of a weight gain of 2 lb/week causes bloating. Dividing the daily calorie intake over three meals a day causes bloating.

Bloating is not an unusual symptom in BN.

A nurse is caring for a client who has scurvy. Which of the following vitamin deficiencies should the nurse identify as the cause of this disease? A. Vitamin A B. Vitamin B3 C. Vitamin C D. Vitamin D

C

A patient with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been admitted for treatment of anorexia nervosa. Which healthcare provider's order should the nurse clarify? Central nervous system stimulant for ADHD Antipsychotic drug Mood stablizer Antidepressant drug

Central nervous system stimulant for ADHD

The nurse is counseling a teen patient with anorexia nervosa (AN). The nurse explains that an approach emphasizing a focus on the immediate problems and developing solutions through activities that help repattern the patient's thinking has been helpful in treating eating disorders. To which approach of treatment is the nurse referring? Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) Schema-focused therapy (SFT) Dialectic behavior therapy (DBT) Maudsley approach therapy

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving radiation therapy for mouth cancer and reports a dry mouth. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse provide? A. Offer graham crackers as a snack B. Avoid foods containing citrus C. Rinse the mouth with an alcohol-based mouthwash before eating D. Use gravies or sauces to soften food

D

A nurse is caring for a client who is recovering at home after inpatient treatment for burn injuries. To increase the protein density of the client's meals, which of the following recommendations should the nurse make to the client's caregiver? A. Use sour cream instead of plain yogurt B. Add honey to cooked cereals C. Use salad dressing in place of mayonaisse D. Add chopped hard-boiled eggs to soups and casseroles

D

A nurse is educating a client who is at 10 weeks gestation and reports frequent nausea and vomiting. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "You should eat foods served at warm temperatures." B. "You should brush your teeth right after you eat." C. "You should try to eat sweet foods when you feel nauseated." D. "You should eat dry foods that are high in carbohydrates when you wake up."

D

A nurse is planning an in-service training session for a group of nurses regarding the role of enzymes in digestion. Which of the following enzymes plays a role in the digestion of protein? A. Amylase B. Lipase C. Steapsin D. Pepsin

D

A nurse is planning care for a client who has anorexia nervosa with binge-eating and purging behavior. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? A. Allow the client to select preferred meal times B. Establish consequences for purging behavior. C. Provide the client with a high-fat diet at the start of treatment D. Implement one-to-one observation during meal times

D

A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has dumping syndrome following gastric bypass surgery 4 days ago. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Avoid foods containing protein B. Drink liquids during each meal C. Eat foods that contain simple sugars D. Maintain a supine position after meals

D

The family of a teen patient with long-standing issues related to anorexia nervosa brings the patient to the emergency department after the patient exhibits even more weight loss, trouble thinking, and feeling faint. Which other signs and symptoms should the nurse anticipate as possible complications of anorexia nervosa? Body mass index >18.5 Rapid, shallow breathing and dizziness Decreased pulse and blood pressure, irregular heart rhythm Weakness and leg cramps

Decreased pulse and blood pressure, irregular heart rhythm

The nurse should recognize that undernutrition can affect a child in which way? Decreases immune response Raises blood pressure Increases risk of atheroscleosis Causes early bone growth

Decreases immune response

Which manifestation should the nurse recognize as an expected finding in a patient taking excess vitamin C? Diarrhea Iron deficiency Nausea and vomiting Stroke

Diarrhea

A teen patient with an eating disorder confides to the nurse of being in a volatile relationship and often feels that their partner thinks that they are fat or not pretty. Which intervention should the nurse include in this patient's plan of care to help address the eating disorder? Discussing this relationship with the teen patient and helping them determine whether it serves as a trigger for disordered eating behaviors Telling the patient that there is no potential connection between the relationship and the eating disorder Encouraging the patient to sever the relationship with this individual because it is likely a trigger for the disordered eating Asking whether a meeting could be scheduled with the patient, their partner, and the counselor to discuss ways of developing a healthy relationship

Discussing this relationship with the teen patient and helping them determine whether it serves as a trigger for disordered eating behaviors

The nurse is discussing care with the parents of a teenage patient who has expressed a willingness to stop some maladaptive behaviors, which include excessive exercising, consumption of several energy drinks a day, refusal to eat more than one small meal a day, purging, and use of diuretics. Which dietary intervention should the nurse initially encourage to ease anxiety and address a maladaptive behavior? Encouraging the patient and parents to consider inpatient care for parenteral feeding Asking a parent to oversee trips to the bathroom to help prevent purging Keeping a daily log of food and fluids ingested Eliminating caffeine and other stimulants

Eliminating caffeine and other stimulants

The nurse is caring for a patient with a nutritional problem. Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement to help maintain fluid and electrolyte balance? Encourage the patient to drink at least 64 ounces (eight 8-oz glasses) of water per day. Encourage the patient to drink at least 64 ounces of any type of fluid per day. Advise the patient to eat foods high in fluid content. Encourage the patient to limit fluid intake.

Encourage the patient to drink at least 64 ounces (eight 8-oz glasses) of water per day.

The nurse determines that a 3-month-old baby's length and body mass index are below the 5th percentile. Which health problem should the nurse suspect is occurring in this baby? Folic acid deficiency Failure to thrive Intestinal atrophy Malabsorption syndrome

Failure to thrive

Which factor may increase a person's risk of having nutritional problems? Nutritional assessment Genetic predisposition Regular health screenings Normal digestion

Genetic predisposition

Which diet is commonly prescribed for patients with celiac disease? Low sodium Ketogenic Low protein Gluten free

Gluten free

The nurse is completing an admission history on a teenage patient admitted for treatment of anorexia. Which factor noted in the patient's history may have played a role in the development of this disorder? Increased serotonin level Recent episode of mild anxiety over final exams at school High endorphin levels History of eating disorders in mother and one aunt

History of eating disorders in mother and one aunt

A severely malnourished female patient reports weakness. Which observation should the nurse expect to make during the head-to-toe assessment? Elevated blood pressure Muscle wasting Elevated heart rate Increased cognition

Muscle wasting

The nurse is teaching a small group of patients about using over-the-counter vitamins and supplements. Which is the most important factor that the nurse should share during the training? All supplements are approved for use in pregnancy. There is no need to let the healthcare provider know about supplements being taken. Over-the-counter supplements are highly regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). It is important to take supplements as recommended on the label.

It is important to take supplements as recommended on the label.

The nurse is completing an assessment of a patient with anorexia nervosa. For which integumentary changes would the nurse assess the patient? Lanugo, brittle skin, and nails Excessive sweating, yellowing of the conjunctivae Coolness of the skin to touch, petechiae Changes in pigmentation, delayed capillary refill

Lanugo, brittle skin, and nails

An underweight teenage patient reports a lack of ability to concentrate and tremors during the school day. Which body system should the nurse suspect is being affected? Respiratory Cardiovascular Neurologic Musculoskeletal

Neurologic

The nurse is meeting with the family of a patient who has been diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. Which behavior should the nurse anticipate while discussing family behaviors and patterns of interaction that might develop after the diagnosis? Isolation of family members from one another Preoccupation with food, eating, and rituals involving food Maintenance of clearly defined boundaries between the family and the patient A focus on conflict resolution within the family

Preoccupation with food, eating, and rituals involving food

The nurse has been caring for a patient with an eating disorder and is beginning to see signs of progress. Which action should the nurse encourage to help the patient re-experience positive emotions? Identifying and decreasing exposure to environmental stress Working with the nurse to develop short-term realistic goals so that small successes can be celebrated Reconnecting with a sports club the patient was previously involved with and enjoyed Discussing with the nurse triggers that promote disordered eating behaviors so that they may be addressed

Reconnecting with a sports club the patient was previously involved with and enjoyed

A 45-year-old patient presents with morbid obesity. Their gait has been disabled for more than 5 years, and since that time the patient has continued to gain weight due to their lack of exercise. Which assessment should the nurse recognize as a starting point to understand the eating pattern of the patient? Review of a food diary Body mass index (BMI) Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) Body measurements

Review of a food diary

The nurse is identifying ways to assist community members with diabetes mellitus on weight management. Which action should the nurse take to assist these members? Conduct a body mass index screening session. Schedule a seminar with a diabetes nurse educator. Provide each member with a food diary to complete. Instruct the members to use MyPlate as a guide for meal planning.

Schedule a seminar with a diabetes nurse educator.

The nurse is completing an assessment of the integumentary system of an overweight female patient. Which assessment should the nurse include? Patient's feedback regarding over-the-counter skin creams used Skin integrity under the breast and abdominal folds Patient's bra size Number and measurements of pendulous skin folds

Skin integrity under the breast and abdominal folds

The nurse conducts a 24-hour dietary recall to better understand what the patient, who reports constipation, is eating and drinking. Which dinner reported by the patient represents foods that may cause constipation? Grilled chicken sandwich, carrot sticks, oatmeal cookie Whole grain pasta with chicken and vegetables, jello Lentil soup, corn bread, dried apricots Steak, French fries, chocolate ice cream

Steak, French fries, chocolate ice cream

The nurse is finalizing a plan of care for a patient with an eating disorder. Which information should the nurse include? Teaching the patient methods of self-soothing such as watching television or reading a book Creating a contract with the patient to control compulsive eating behaviors Discussing the patient's long-term goals regarding nutrition and weight Encouraging the patient to limit daily alcohol intake to two drinks or less

Teaching the patient methods of self-soothing such as watching television or reading a book

A patient has attended outpatient therapy and completed their treatment for bulimia nervosa. The patient has been making healthy choices in their daily meals, has not overeaten, and has not made themselves vomit. The patient reports feeling in control of their weight. Which priority goal has the patient achieved? The patient will remain free from injury. The patient will not deny presyncopal episodes. The patient will not demonstrate purging behaviors. The patient will maintain serum electrolytes within normal limits.

The patient will not demonstrate purging behaviors.

A patient reports weakness and weight loss. Which diagnostic test should the nurse expect the healthcare provider to order? Creatinine level Prothrombin time (PT) Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) Total protein level

Total protein level

The nurse is obtaining anthropometric measurements on an older adult patient who is wheelchair bound and unable to stand. How should the nurse determine the patient's height? Ask the patient. Use a knee height caliper. Calculate it using the waist-to-hip ratio. Measure from head to hip, hip to knee, and knee to heel.

Use a knee height caliper.

A patient tells the nurse, "I don't eat much. Is there anything I can take to help get the nutrients I need?" Which collaborative intervention should the nurse consider in response to the patient? Prescription medications Intravenous fluids Protein bars Vitamin and mineral supplements

Vitamin and mineral supplements

A daycare provider asks the nurse how to differentiate "picky" eating from more serious eating disorders, such as avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), in this age group. How should the nurse respond? "Picky eating does not generally result in persistent failure to meet the child's nutritional or energy needs, whereas ARFID does." "ARFID is characterized by rejection of foods of a particular consistency or texture, whereas picky eating involves limitations of the variety of foods eaten." "Neophobia and aberrant eating behaviors reflect ARFID, whereas picky eating mainly involves an unwillingness to try new foods." "Eating disorders in very young children are rare and difficult to discern because many of the behaviors seen truly just reflect picky eating."

"Picky eating does not generally result in persistent failure to meet the child's nutritional or energy needs, whereas ARFID does."

A patient is scheduled for a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan. The patient asks, "Why am I having this scan? Isn't it used to detect osteoporosis?" Which response to the patient is accurate? "The DEXA scan is used to analyze red blood cells and oxygenation." "This scan is also used to measure body composition and body fat." "This scan determines body mass index and protein level." "There must be a mistake. I'll check with your healthcare provider."

"This scan is also used to measure body composition and body fat."

A nurse is caring for a client who has osteoporosis and a new prescription for calcium supplements. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend to promote calcium absorption? A. Fortified milk B. Ripe bananas C. Steamed broccoli D. Green leafy vegetables

A

A nurse is caring for a client who has peripheral edema. The nurse should identify that which of the following nutrients regulates extracellular fluid volume? A. Sodium B. Calcium C. Potassium D. Magnesium

A

A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has anorexia nervosa with recent rapid weight loss and a current weight of 90lb. Which of the following statements indicates the client is experiencing the cognitive distortion of catastrophizing? A. "Life isn't worth living if I gain weight." B. "Don't pretend like you don't know how fat i am." C. "if I could be skinny, I know I'd be popular." D. "When I look in the mirror, I see myself as obese."

A

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has dementia, gets up frequently to pace during meals, and eats sparingly. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Provide finger foods for the client B. Offer food at fewer times each day to promote hunger C. Administer a benzodiazepine medication to the client before meals D. Assist the client to sit still during meals using soft restraints

A

A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client with AIDS who has stomatitis of the mouth. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "You can suck on popsicles to numb your mouth." B. "Season foods with spices instead of salt." C. "Avoid the use of a straw to drink liquids." D. "Eat foods at hot temperatures."

A

A nurse is providing teaching to a female client who has a new prescription for prevastatin to treat hyperlipidemia. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Prevastatin can be taking with grapefruit juice B. Prevastatin can be continued during pregnancy C. Prevastatin should be taken with the morning meal D. Laboratory testing to monitor the client's WBC count is required

A

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings of a client who has protein-calorie malnutrition. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Decreased albumin B. Elevated hemoglobin C. Elevated lymphocytes D. Decreased cortisol

A

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has end-stage renal disease and reports fatigue. The client's hemoglobin level is 8g/dL. The nurse should expect a prescription for which of the following medications? A. Erythropoietin B. Erythromycin C. Filgrastim D. Calcitriol

A

A nurse is teaching a group of clients about the functions of the liver and gallbladder. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching as the purpose of bile? A. Digesting fats B. Producing chyme C. Stimulating gastric acid secretion D. Providing energy

A

A nurse is teaching about a low-cholesterol diet to a client who had a myocardial infarction. Which of the following meal selections by the client indicates and understanding of the teaching? A. Chicken breast and corn on the cob B. Shrimp and rice C. Cheese omelet and turkey bacon D. Liver and onions

A

A nurse is teaching a group of parents of toddlers about measures to reduce the risk of choking. Which of the following foods increase the risk of choking in toddlers? SATA A. Hot dogs B. Grapes C. Bagels D. Marshmallows E. Graham crackers

A B C D

A nurse is obtaining a nursing history from a client who has a new diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. Which of the following questions should the nurse include in the assessment? SATA A. "What is your relationship like with your family?" B. "Why do you want to lose weight?" C. "Would you describe your current eating habits?" D. "At what weight do you believe you will look better?" E. "Can you discuss your feelings about your appearance?"

A C E

The new staff nurse is caring for a patient who has been found to have an eating disorder. Which nursing intervention implemented by the staff nurse indicates a need for follow-up? Encouraging the patient to participate in therapy sessions Supervising the patient in the clinical setting Allowing the patient to eat her meals in private Initiating a behavioral contract

Allowing the patient to eat her meals in private

A nurse is completing dietary teaching with a client who has heart failure and is prescribed a 2g sodium diet. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I should use salt sparingly while cooking." B. "I can have yogurt as a dessert." C. "I should use baking soda when I bake." D. "I should use canned vegetables instead of frozen."

B

A nurse is conducting dietary teaching with a client who has a history of renal calculi. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Consume foods containing vitamin C B. Drink 3.8L of water throughout the day C. Suggest almonds as a snack D. Limit sodium intake to 3g per day

B

A nurse is planning an in-service training session about nutrition. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include? A. Fat breaks down into amino acids B. Protein serves as an energy source when other sources are inadequate C. Glucose breaks down into ammonia D. Carbohydrates provide 9cal/g of energy

B

A nurse is planning an in-service training session regarding nutrition. Which of the following of the following minerals should the nurse identify as involved in oxygen transportation? A. Zinc B. Iron C. Phosphorus D. Magnesium

B

A nurse is planning care for a client who is postoperative following a gastrectomy. Which of the following strategies should the nurse include to help prevent dumping syndrome? A. Have the client drink plenty of water with meals B. Eliminate simple sugars and sugar alcohols from the client's diet C. Limit the client's intake to 2 meals per day D. Offer the client meals that are low in protein or protein-free

B

A nurse is presenting an in-service training session about nutrition. How many of the amino acids must be obtained from dietary intake? A. 6 B. 9 C. 11 D. 15

B

A nurse is providing nutritional teaching to a group of clients. Which of the following definitions for the RDA should the nurse include in the teaching? A. The RDA is a comprehensive term that includes various dietary standards and scales B. The RDA defines the level of nutrient intake that meets the needs of healthy people in various groups. C. The RDA defines the levels of nutrients that should not be exceeded to prevent adverse health effects D. The RDA is the daily percentage of energy intake values for fat, carbohydrate, and protein

B

A nurse is teaching a client who has lactose intolerance about dietary modifications. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend? A. Bread B. Soy cheese C. Luncheon meats D. Instant mashed potatoes

B

A nurse is teaching an AP about the dietary restrictions for a client who is taking phenelzine to treat depression. The AP's selection of which of the following foods for the client's lunch indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. Bologna on wheat bread B. Chicken salad C. Cheddar cheese and crackers D. Pizza with pepperoni

B

A nurse is assessing a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of protein-calorie malnourishment? SATA A. Gingivitis B. Dry, brittle hair C. Edema D. Spoon-shaped nails E. Poor wound healing

B C E

A nurse is performing an admission assessment of a client who has bulimia nervosa with purging behavior. Which of the following is an expected finding? SATA A. Amenorrhea B. Hypokalemia C. Yellowing of the skin D. Slightly elevated body weight E. Presence of lanugo on the face

B D

A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing the medical records of a group of clients. Which of the following clients is at risk for iron deficiency? SATA A. A client who is postmenopausal B. A client who is a vegetarian C. A middle adult male client D. A client who is pregnant E. A toddler who is overweight

B D E

The healthcare team at a behavioral unit for eating disorders is discussing various types of approaches and their effectiveness in treating eating disorders. The team should recognize that which approach could result in an adverse effect, such as further diminution of self-esteem? Group therapy Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) Family therapy Behavioral contracts

Behavioral contracts

The nurse is conducting a nutritional assessment for a 25-year-old patient and notes that the individual appears overweight. Which assessment tool should the nurse use to determine if the patient is overweight? Body measurements Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) Body mass index (BMI) Review of a food diary

Body mass index (BMI)

A nurse is assisting a client who has dysphagia with eating meals. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Add water to soups for a thinner consistency B. Encourage using water to clear the client's mouth C. Ask the client to think of a food that produces salivation D. Remind the client to rest after meals

C

A nurse is caring for a client who has BMI of 29 and expresses a desire to lose weight. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Refer the client to a nutritionist B. Discuss eating strategies with the client C. Determine the client's intention to change current eating habits D. Instruct the client to perform 30 min of vigorous exercise daily

C

A nurse is caring for a client who has bulimia nervosa and has stopped purging behavior. The client tells the nurse about fears of gaining weight. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? A. "Many clients are concerned about their weight. However, the dietitian will ensure that you don't get too many calories in your diet." B. "Instead of worrying about your weight, try to focus on other problems at this time." C. "I understand you have concerns about your weight, but first, let's talk about your recent accomplishments." D. "You are not overweight, and the staff will ensure that you do not gain weight while you are in the hospital. We know that is important to you."

C

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving intermittent enteral feedings through an NG tube. The specific gravity of the client's urine is 1.035. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Deliver the formula at a slower rate B. Request a lower-fat formula C. Provide more water with feedings D. Instill a lactose-free formula

C

A nurse is caring for an infant who has gastroenteritis and is dehydrated. Which of the following characteristics places the infant at a higher risk of electrolyte imbalances compared to an adult client? A. Less extracellular fluid B. Reduced body surface area C. Longer intestinal tract D. Decreased rate of metabolism

C

A nurse is providing teaching about calcium intake to a client who is breastfeeding? Which of the following is the recommended daily calcium intake for a client who is breastfeeding? A. 800mg B. 400mg C. 1,000mg D. 2,000mg

C

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client states, "I eat pasta every day. I can't imagine giving it up." Which of the following responses should the nurse provide? A. "Let's discuss this with your doctor; giving up daily pasta may not be necessary." B. "Is there another favorite dish you can substitute?" C. "You don't have to give up pasta; just adjust the amount you eat." D. "You can use no-added-salt tomato products on your pasta."

C

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory reports of a client who is receiving enteral feedings. Which of the following values indicates a complication of enteral feeding that the nurse should report to the provider? A. Sodium 143 mEq/L B. Potassium 4.2mEq/L C. BUN 25mg/dL D. Glucose 185mg/dL

C

A nurse in a provider's office is teaching a client about foods that are high in fiber. Which of the following food choices made by the client indicate an understanding of the teaching? SATA A. Canned peaches B. White rice C. Black beans D. Whole-grain bread E. Tomato juice

C D

A nurse is providing teaching about food choices to a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I will need to eliminate sweet desserts from my diet." B. "I should avoid using sucralose in my coffee." C. "I should consume alcohol between meals in moderation." D. "I should replace white bread with whole-grain bread."

D

A nurse is providing teaching about nutrition to an older adult client. The client asks, "Don't I need the same amount of nutrients that I did when I was younger?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make? A. "Older adults need less protein." B. "Older adults need an increased amount of carbohydrates." C. "Older adults need an increased amount of iron." D. "Older adults need an increased amount of calcium."

D

A nurse is reviewing a client's 24 hour dietary recall. The client reports eating a slice of toasted white bread with butter, a banana, a glass of milk, and a cup of coffee for breakfast; grilled chicken, a baked potato, and a glass of milk for lunch, 2 cups of steamed broccoli, and a glass of milk for dinner. This client's diet is deficient in which of the following food groups? A. Dairy B. Vegetables C. Fruits D. Grains

D