nutrition quiz #7

Which of these dietary substances may help to protect against cancer? a- alcoholic beverages b- well- cooked meats, poultry and fish c- animal fats d- compounds in fruits and vegatables

D

A comprehensive dietary approach used for hypertension

DASH

A disease that is a risk factor for CHD because it promotes inflammation and AGEs which promote atherosclerosis

DIABETES

Pancreatic resection surgery side effects

Diabetes mellitus General malabsorption

Gastric Resection surgery side effects

Dumping syndrome Early satiety Inadequate gastruc secretion Malabsorption folate, iron and b12

A hormone that increases risk of breast cancer and is produced in greater amounts by obese individuals.

ESTROGEN

2 or more meals per week that include this are recommended by the AHA for reducing risk of CHD

FISH

Patients with Congestive Heart Failure will need to restrict sodium and in severe cases may also need to restrict this.

FLUID

A concern in patients with suppressed immunity or neutropenia. (2 words)

Food safety

Blood lipid that removes cholesterol from circulation, and is therefore considered to be "good cholesterol"

HDL

Chemotherapy

Inhibits tumor growth toxic

Abnormal fat deposition and fat metabolism related to HIV medications.

LIPODYSTROPHY

Something we can do to meat before cooking to reduce HCA (a carcinogen)formation.

MARINATE

These types of foods should be eaten first by patients with poor appetite. (2 words)

NUTRIENT DENSE

A chronic inflammatory condition that is related to 11 types of cancer.

OBESITY

HIV consequences

Opportunistic infections Certain cancers wasting

Increasing fruits and vegetables decreases cancer risk because they contain these substances that inhibit carcinogen production and act as antioxidants.

PHYTOCHEMICALS

Something that should be added to the diet for reducing CVD risk. There are food products like margarines that are fortified with them. (2 words)

PLANT STEROLS

An accumulation of fatty deposits, fibrous tissue and smooth muscle cells that form on the artery walls

PLAQUE

The DASH Diet increases this mineral in the diet by requiring more fruits and vegetables

POTASSIUM

Inflammation of the small intestine caused by cancer treatment that can lead to chronic malabsorption.(2 words)

RADIATION ENTERITIS

For most people the DASH Diet will require them to eat less of this and more fish and poultry (2 words)

RED MEAT

Dietary fat that has the strongest effect on raising blood cholesterol levels

SATURATED

Restriction of this mineral can help reduce hypertension, but is best added to the DASH diet

SODIUM

Type of fiber that can help reduce LDL

SOLUBLE

The DASH Diet limits these empty calorie foods to 3-5 servings per week

SWEETS

Oral infection assciated with HIV that may cause pain in the mouth, dysphagia, and reduced food intake

THRUSH

Type of fat found in processed foods that increases LDL and decreases HDL.

TRANS

Blood lipid that may increase with high refined carbohydrate or alcohol intake

TRIGLYCERIDES

Wasting syndrome associated with cancer characterized by anorexia, wasting and weight loss. (2 words)

CANCER CACHEXIA

Substances, like foods, that may initiate cancer by inducing genetic mutations

CARCINOGENS

In people with HIV infection, mouth sores may be caused by all the following except: a- cryptosporidiosis b- kaposi's sarcoma c- herpes simplex virus d- candidiasis

A

Megestrol acetate and dronabinol are: a- medication used to promote weight gain b- protease inhibitors that fight HIV infection c- medications that treat opportunistic infections d- anabolic hormones that promote weight gain of muscle tissue

A

A major contributor to wasting and weight loss in cancer.

ANOREXIA

A diet that is high in saturated and trans fat and low in fruits and vegetables; risk factor fro CHD

ATHEROGENIC

Accumulation of fatty material on the walls of the arteries

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Esophageal resection surgery side effects

Acid reflux Altered gastric motility Reduced swallowing ability

Head and neck surgery side effects

Aspiration Dry or sore mouth Reduced chewing Reduced sense of taste

Although many cancer patients lose weight, which type of cancer is often associated with weight gain? a- kidney cancer b- breast cancer c- colon cancer d- lung cancer

B

HIV can enter and destroy: A. epithelial cells B. helper T cells C. liver cells D. intestinal cells

B

In patients who develop lipodystrophy, which abnormality is unlikely? a- increased abdominal fat b- increased fat in the arms and legs c- fat accumulation at the base of the neck d- hypertriglycermia

B

To prevent cryptosporidiosis, a person with HIV infection may need to: a- wash hands carefully before meals b- avoid consuming under cooked poultry and eggs c- consume a high k calorie and high protein diet d- boil drinking water for one minute

D

Which food below should be avoided by a patient taking immunosuppressive medications a- baked potato b- canned tuna fish c- banana d- unpasteurized milk

D

Intestinal resection surgery side effects

Bile insufficiency Diarrhea Fluid and electrolyte imbalances General malabsorption

An advantage of radiation therapy over chemotherapy is that: a-radiation is not damaging to rapidy dividing cells b- side effects of radiation therapy do not include malnutrition c- radiation can be directed toward the regions affected by cancer d- the radiation used is too weak to damage GI issues

C

The metabolic changes that often accompany cancer include all of the following except: a- increased triglyceride breakdown b- increased protein turnover c- increased muscle synthesis d- insulin resistance

C

Radiation

damages cancer cells, DNA and shrinks the cell

Metabolic changes of cancer

increased rate of protein turnover reduced protein synthesis elevated serum lipids insulin resistance

Nutrition Cancer risks

obesity high-fat diets food preparation methods

Lipodystrophy

body fat redistribution, abnormal lipid levels, insulin resistance