nutrition test 4

At what age do we first achieve our peak bone density?

20s

Very high levels of zinc can decrease the absorption of which of the following minerals?

Copper

A deficiency of which of the following vitamins can increase the risk of neural tube defects in the developing fetus of the deficient mother?

Folate

High doses of which of the following vitamins can mask the early signs of a vitamin B12 deficiency?

Folate

Pellagra is a deficiency disease characterized by the 3 D's (dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia). A deficiency of which of the following vitamins causes pellagra?

Niacin

The coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is derived from which of the following B vitamins?

Niacin

Which of the following vitamins can be made from the amino acid tryptophan? Tryptophan levels are low in corn. thus, regions that had corn, salt pork, and molasses as staples developed the deficiency of this vitamin.

Niacin

The name beriberi is a Sri Lankan word that means "I can't I can't." It is a nutritional deficiency disease characterized by nerve tingling, poor arm and leg coordination, and deep muscle pain in the calves. A deficiency of which of the following vitamins causes beriberi?

Thiamin

A deficiency of which of the following vitamins is a major cause of blindness in children throughout the world?

Vitamin A

Night blindness is an early symptom of a deficiency of which vitamin?

Vitamin A

Which of the following vitamins is necessary for the health of epithelial tissues? Without this vitamin, the protein keratin is made and the tissue becomes hard and cracks.

Vitamin A

A deficiency of which of the following vitamins can lead to megaloblastic anemia, paralysis, and eventual death?

Vitamin B12

Which of the following vitamins first binds to intrinsic factor before the body can efficiently absorb it?

Vitamin B12

Which of the following vitamins is present in large amount only in foods derived from animals, thus making it difficult for vegans to receive it in their diet?

Vitamin B12

Which of the following vitamins is necessary for the production of amino acids by the body?

Vitamin B6

Which of the following vitamins provides a coenzyme that is necessary for the conversion of the amino acid tryptophan in to the vitamin niacin?

Vitamin B6

Which of the following vitamins can enhance the absorption of a form of iron in the intestine?

Vitamin C

Which of the following vitamins is also known as ascorbic acid?

Vitamin C

Which of the following vitamins can act as an antioxidant?

Vitamin C and Vitamin E

Rickets can develop in children that are deficient in which of the following vitamins?

Vitamin D

Which of the following vitamins is also considered to be a hormone in the body?

Vitamin D

Tocopherol is another name for which vitamin?

Vitamin E

Newborn infants are routinely given a supplement of which vitamin?

Vitamin K

Which of the following vitamins is important in blood clotting?

Vitamin K

Which of the following is the recommended strategy for preventing or delaying osteoporosis?

act to increase your peak bone density when you are young

Which of the following eating disorders is likely to have a greater percentage of of males who are affected?

binge-eating disorder

Egg whites contain a protein called avidin. Because of this portion, the consumption of large quantities of raw egg whites could theoretically lead to a deficiency of which of the following vitamins?

biotin

In the body, 99% of calcium is found in

bones and teeth

Night eating syndrome is characterized by evening overeating which is defined as

eating more than one-third of total daily calories after the evening meal

Low levels of serum calcium result in the formation of active vitamin D. Which of the following is not a function of active vitamin D?

enhances the excretion of calcium from the kidney (i.e., more calcium in urine)

What is the name of the condition characterized by disordered eating, lack of menstrual periods, and osteoporosis?

female athlete triad

Which of the following vitamins are routinely supplemented in flour?

folate, thiamin, riboflavin

In the body, which of the following would be a "driving force" for water moving from the intracellular fluid compartment to the extracellular fluid compartment?

increasing the number of dissolved ions in the extracellular fluid compartment

The largest fluid compartment in the body is the

intracellular fluid

Coenzyme A is derived from which of the following B-vitamins?

pantothenic acid

Which of the following can interfere with the absorption of calcium?

phytates in grains and oxalates in spinach

Which of the following factors can decrease the bioavailability of certain minerals?

phytates in grains, oxalates in vegetables, competition by other minerals

A deficiency of vitamin C causes a disease called scurvy. Some of the symptoms of scurvy are slow wound healing times, bone pain and fractures, bleeding gums, and pinpoint hemorrhages around hair follicles. All these symptoms are related to vitamin C's ability to...

promote collagen synthesis

Which of the following tissues are necessary for the production of active vitamin D?

skin, liver, kidney

Minerals are classified by what criteria?

trace minerals are needed in amounts of 100 milligrams per day

What vitamins are water soluble?

vitamins B and C