OB/GYN Steven Penny Review Questions: Fetal Head & Brain Ch 24
a lemon-shaped skull is related to: trisomy 2 Arnold-Chiari II malformation thanatophoric dysplasia Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
Arnold-Chiari II malformation
The anechoic midline brain structure located between the frontal horns and the lateral ventricles is the: CSP cavum vergae corpus callosum fourth ventricle
CSP
the most accurate measurement for estimating gestational age is: BPD HC transcerebellar measurement lateral ventricle
HC
absence of the skull is: hydrancephaly schizencephaly acrania ventriculomegaly
acrania
the most common cause of hydrocephalus in utero is: cerebral hemorrhage holoprosencephaly brain tumors aqueductal stenosis
aqueductal stenosis
the third ventricle is located: anterior to the thalamus anterior to the cerebellar vermis between the two lobes of the thalamus superior to the corpus callosum
between the two lobes of the thalamus
all of the following are sonographic features of alobar holoprosencephaly except: cyclopia monoventricle dorsal cyst fused thalamus
dorsal cyst
with what structure does the posterior fossa cyst associated with DWM communicate? fourth ventricle third ventricle cerebellar vermis cerebral aqueduct
fourth ventricle
the sonographic finding of a fluid-filled cranium with absence of cerebral tissue is consistent with: hydrocephalus hydranencephaly holoprosencephaly schizencephaly
hyddranencephaly
which of the following would be the most likely fetal cranial findings with TORCH infections? intracranial infections cerebral atrophy porencephaly scaphocephaly
intracranial infections
a normal shaped skull is termed: dolichocephaly brachycephaly mesocephaly scaphocephaly
mesocephaly
what fetal suture is located within the frontal bone along the midline of the forehead? squamosal suture sagittal suture lambdoidal suture metopic suture
metopic suture
the development of fluid-filled cleft within the cerebrum is consistent with: holoprosencephaly lissencephaly schizencephaly hydrancephaly
schizencephaly
a strawberry-shaped skull is commonly associated with: trisomy 21 trisomy 15 trisomy 18 trisomy 13
trisomy 18
the choroid plexus cyst could be associated with an increase risk of: trisomy 13 trisomy 4 Arnold-Chiari II malformation trisomy 18
trisomy 18
dangling choroid sign is associated with: ventriculomegaly hydrancephaly lissencephaly Meckel-Gruber syndrome
ventriculomegaly
what cerebral malformation is as a result of agenesis or hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis? Arnold-Chiari II malformation schizencephaly mega cisterna magna DWM
DWM
what cerebral abnormality are atypical facial features most commonly associated with? DWM schizencephaly lissencephaly holoprosencephaly
holoprosencephaly
which of the following should not be included in the correct level for an HC measurment? falx cerebri fourth ventricle thalamus CSP
fourth ventricle
a cloverleaf-shaped skull is related to: trisomy 18 Meckel-Gruber syndrome trisomy 13 thanatophoric dysplasia
thanatophoric dysplasia
the interthalamic adhesion (massa intermedia) passes through the: third ventricle fourth ventricle CM CSP
third ventricle
enlargement of the frontal horns and narrowing of the occipital horns is termed: holoprosencephaly DWM colpocephaly apert syndrome
colpocephaly
the double fold of dura mater that divides the cerebal hemispheres is the: cerebellum CSP corpus callosum falx cerebri
falx cerebri
the "sunburst" of the cerebral sulci is a sonographic finding of: DWM ACC colpocephaly hydrancephaly
ACC
The band of tissue that allows communication between the right and left cerebral hemispheres is the: falx cerebri corpus callosum cerebellar vermis CSP
corpus callosum
all of the following are sonographic findings of Arnold-Chiari II malformation except: enlarged massa intermedia hydrocephalus obliteration of the CM strawberry sign
strawberry sign
what chromosomal aberration is most often associated with holoprosencephaly? anophthalmia trisomy 21 trisomy 13 trisomy 18
trisomy 13
the CM should not exceed _________ in the transcerebellar plane. 4mm 2mm 8mm 10mm
10mm
which of the following will also typically be absent with ACC? cerebellar vermis CSP third ventricle fourth ventricle
CSP
which of the following is located on both sides of the midline? interhemispheric fissures third and fourth ventricles lateral ventricles third ventricle and cerebral aqueduct
lateral ventricles
the lack of sulci within the fetal cerebrum is a reliable indicator of: ACC lissencephaly schizencephaly porencephaly
lissencephaly
which of the following would not be normally located within the midline of the fetal brain? CSP lobes of the thalamus third ventricle falx cerebri
lobes of the thalamus
a CM that measures greater than 15mm and a normal appearing cerebellum is most likely: Arnold-Chiari II malformation schizencephaly mega cisterna magna DWM
mega cisterna magna
following an intracranial hemorrhage, a cyst is noted within the cerebrum that communicates with the lateral ventricle. this is referred to as: schizencephaly lissencephaly holoprosencephaly porencephaly
porencephaly
the most sever form of holoprosencephaly is: lobar alobar semilobar lobular
alobar
the fourth ventricle is located: posterior to CSP between the frontal horns of the lateral ventricles anterior to the cerebellar vermis medial to the third ventricle
anterior to the cerebellar vermis
which of the following is a genetic disorder that includes craniosynostosis, midline facial hypoplasia, and syndactyly? lobar holoprosencephaly Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome Arnold-Chiari II malformation Apert syndrome
apert syndrome
the third ventricle communicates with the fourth ventricle at the: foramen of magendie foramen of luschka foramen of monro aqueduct of sylvius
aqueduct of sylvius
the structure located between the two lobes of the cerebellum is the: cerebellar vermis cerebellar tonsils falx cerebri corpus callosum
cerebellar vermis
the condition in which the frontal horns are small and the occiptial horns are enlarged is referred to as: ethmocephaly hydrocephalus colpocephaly encephalitis
colpocephaly