OCE1001 Final
tektites
COSMO
maganese nodules
HYDRO
lysocline
depth at which carbonate begins to dissolve
The process of purifying seawater by removing most of its dissolved substances is called
desalination
What is wave refraction?
the bending of waves as they approach a coastline
A tidal current can produce a rapidly spinning body of water called a vortex or
whirpool
turbidite
associated with deep sea fans
An area the experiences diurnal tides will have
one high and one low tide daily
The seafloor magnetic pattern is best described as
parallel to and symettric about ocean ridges
Wentworth scale
particle size classification
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
Darwin
halite
HYDRO
metal sulfides
HYDRO
oolites
HYDRO
Each hydrogen atom shares its single electrons in the oxygen atom. Which type of bond is this?
covalent bond
Which of the following landforms shows the least amoun tof erosion along US coasts?
crystalline bedrock of New England
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
deep focus earthquake
In relation to ocean circulation, a gyre is a
large circular moving loop of surface water
Climate distribution on Earth is primarily controlled by
latitude
Magellan
led voyage that first circumnavigated the globe
Sediments derived from preexisting rocks are called
lithogenous
A layer of rapid change of ocean denisty with depth is called a
pycnocline
The Gulf Stream is a ____ current that flows _____
warm; north
Of the following statements regarding continental and oceanic crust is TRUE?
Continental crust is thicker and less dense than oceanic crust
which of the following terms describes a rapid change in salinity with depth?
Halocline
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
Indian
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
Oceanic trench
In which ocean do most tsnuamis occur?
Pacific Ocean
The density of seawater increases with ____ in temperature and an _____ in salinity
a decrease; increase
Sediments that are poorly sorted and made of a variety of minerals could have been deposited by
a glacier
The most likely place to find abudant manganese nodules is on the
abyssal plain far from a continent
The center of an open ocean tidal system is called a/an
amphidromic point
On major problem associated with the Chesapeake Bay due to increased human pressure is
an increase in nutrients resulting in more frequent kills of bottom dwelling or benthic animals
Which of the following is a characteristic of oceanic-contintenal convergent plate boundaries?
andesitic volcanoes
Winter beachers:
are narrower than summer beaches due to high energy waves during the winter
ice rafting
associateed with glacial deposits
Lagoons that form behind barrier islands are examples of
bar built estuaries
Most marine species are found in the
benthic environment
The toxicity of marine pollutants is evaluated through bioassays by
calculating the concentration at which 50% of the test organisms die
Free oxygen in our atmosphere is important to the development and maintence of life on Earth because Oxygen
can form ozone and block some UV radiation
The direction of motion along a seafloor transform fault is
in the same direction of plate movement
Of the following factors, all increase the amount of energy in waves except:
increasing water vapor content
Minamata disease is associated with
ingestion of methyl mercury-contaminated fish and shellfish
Eroded material is carried along coastlines from high wave-energy areas to
low wave energy areas
Hurricanes are assoicated with ____ atmospheric pressure and spin ______ in the Northern Hemispher
low; counerclockwise
An example of an organism that might be apart of the infauna is a/an
lug worm
Ptolemy
mapped wordl with Roman knowledge showing latitude and longitude
All of the following are typically characteristic of depositonal shores except
marine terraces
A common body shape the streamlines an organism in the marine environment is a flattened body that
tapers at the back end
Underwater avalanches of muddy water mixed with rocks and debris are called
turbidity currents
If 10,000 kcal of energy were contained in the primary producers (trophic level 1), on average how many kcal of energy would you except to be transferred to second-order consumers (trophic level 3)
100 kcal
The area on a rocky shore inhabited by organisms adapted to withstand wave energy for the majority of the tidal cycle is indicated by the number
7
The percentage of biomass regulary decomposed within the euphotic zone is about
90%
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A. siliceous ooze B. quartz sand C. rock fragments D. clay E. volcanic ash
A. siliceous ooze
Which of the following is not an important control on oceanic sediment accumulation?
All of the above
This wetland coastal areas occurs
All of the conditions control the distribution of this type of coastal wetland
Which of the following affect the ability of species to capture food
All of these affect the ability of pelagic organisms to capture food
All of the following are challenges to managing fisheries except
All of these are correct
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A. turbidity currents B. graded bedding C. turbidite deposits D. abyssal plains E. deep-sea fans
D. abyssal plains
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A. divergent plate boundary B. oceanic-continental convergence C. oceanic-oceanic convergence D. transform plate boundary E. hot spot
E. hot spot
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A. continental margin B. active margin C. convergent active margin D. transform active margin E. rift valley
E. rift valley
Cruisers are thought to have relatively high body temperature because
It increases the power output of muscle tissue
An _____ occurs where two plates of the same composition converge, resulting in the older, denser, plate being subducted
Oceanic-oceanic convergence
abyssal clay
TERRI
CCD
a depth at which all carbonate is in solution
The world's oceans play a role in reducing global warming by
absorbing surplus heat energy
Hazards associated with sea level rise include all of the following except:
all of the above
Sewage discharge and fertilizer runoff is deterimental to coral growth because it increases the
amount of inorganic nutrients in the water that stimulates excessive algal growth
When compared to their warmer counterparts, cold-water plankton oftne
are larger in size
Organisms with small bodies, extrmeley large mouths, and shapre teeth are likely to be found in the
bathypelagic zone
Which of the following atmospheric constituents has the greatest ability to absorb heat on a per-mole basis?
chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
The most biologically devastating oil spills in the marine environment are usually a result of
collision and/or sinking of oil tankers
The depth at which the cellular respiration rate equals the photosynethic rate is reffered to as the
compensation depth
A _____ occurs where two plates of the same composition converge, resulting in neither plate being subducted
continental-continental convergence
Important marine autotrophs that have silica incoporated into their cell walls are
diatoms
An organism that tolerates a wide range of salinities is referred to as
euryhaline
All of the following are parts of Earth's climate system except the
exosphere
Balboa
first European explorer of the Pacific Ocean
Eratosthenes
first determination of Earth's circumerence
Which of the following contains calcium carbonate (CaC03)
foraminferans
All of the following are considered apart of the continental margin except the
fracture zone
Organisms such as a mackeral sharks and tunas that can maintain a relatively constant body temperature are referred to as
homeothermic
This marine mammal (sea otter)
is a small mammal with dense fur and lack an insulating blubber layer
Pick the pair which does not fit the pattern
krill-whale
Productivity in polar oceans is
light limited
The loss of color (coral bleaching) in coral reef organisms can be a result of
loss of zooxanthellae
The caudal fin of fast cruising fish such as a tuna
lunate
Domestic cattle production and rice agriculture release relatively large amounts of which gas into the atmosphere
methane CH4
An increase in cloud cover and corresponding decrease in absorption of solar radiation is an example of a
negative-feedback loop
Nor'easters affect which area of the US coastline during the fall and winter months
northern Atlantic coast
An ______ occurs where two plates converge, and the denser plate is subducted
oceanic-continental converenge
Fossils of ancient polar plants are currently found near the equator because the
plants lived near the poles, but land masses have drifted to current locations
The relative productivity in the worlds oceans from most produtive to least productive to least productive is
polar waters, temperate waters, tropical waters
The distribution of benthic biomass is related to
primary productivity
In general, the rate at which energy is stored by organisms through the formation of organic matter
primary productivty
Concerned individuals can reduce their personal contribution to greenhouse gas emissions by doing all of the following except
reducing the area covered by pavement or structures (houses, garages, pools, decks, etc) in urban and suburban areas
Catches above the maximum sustainable yield
result in overfishing
All of the following are alternatives to hard stabilization except
seawalls
The most important limiting factor in rocky intertidal communities is
space
All of the following are baleen whales except
sperm whales
The mass of a population of fish present at a given time is called its
standing stock
All of the following are hydrogenous sediments except
stromatolites
In primary production
there is a net gain in organic carbon by organisms
The function of a swim bladder is
to allow a fish to change position in the water column
Spring tide occurs about
twice per month
Bioluminescence is employed by deep-sea animals for all of the folowing reasons except
warning coloration
The atmospheric component that naturally contributes to the majority of greenhouse warming on Earth is
water
The muscle tissue of a "lunger" is predominatly
white
The Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) extends
200 nautical miles from the coast
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A. Aleutian Islands B. Canary Islands C. Galapagos Islands D. Hawaiian Islands E. Iceland
A. Aleutian Islands
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A. hydrothermal vents B. island arc C. mountains D. oceanic trench E. volcanoes
A. hydrothermal vents
Reasons for the loss of coastal wetlands include all of the following except
All of these
Which of the following is designed to prevent or retard shoreline erosion?
All of these are used to try to prevent or retard shoreline erosion
A small size is advantageous for marine organisms becasue it
All of these statements are advantageous to marine organisms
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A. Gondwanaland B. Panamerica C. Pangaea D. Panthalassia E. Tethys Sea
B. Panamerica
coccolithophores
BIO
diatomaceous ooze
BIO
silaceous ooze
BIO
stromatolitse
BIO
The "Age of Discovery" began with
Christopher Columbus's discovery of the "New World"
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A. Coccolithopores B. Diatoms C. Foraminiferans D. Oolites E. Radiolarians
D. oolites
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A. halite and other salts B. manganese nodules C. metal sulfides D. phosphates E. tektites
E. Tektites
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
Jurassic
Secondary sewage treatment is distinguished form primary sewage treatment by the
chlorination of the liquid effluent
Sediments with an extraterrestrial origin are called
cosmogenous
Passive continental margins are characterized by all of the following except
deep sea trenches
Large deposits of sediment at the mouths of rivers are called
deltas
The separation of the Earth into layers was the result of
differing densities of the rock and mineral materials
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is an example of a
divergent boundary
Water flowing out of an enclosed basin due to tides is called a/an
ebb current
Which of the following pairs doesn't belong together?
emerging shorelines; drowned beaches
The euphotic zone iss confined to the
epipelagic zone
Vikings
established temporary settlement in North America
Which one of the following INCREASES the salinity of seawater
evaporation of seawater
Planktonic organisms that spend part of their life in planktonic form, and the rest of their life as either benthos or nekton are called
meroplankton
The seasonal temperature in deep oceans is usually
negligible
Sediments found on continental margins are called
neritic
What is the most abudant gas in the atmopshere?
nitrogen
The difference between centripetal forces and gravitational forces is called the
resultant force
The two relatively flat areas on the hypsographic curve represent
some interior continental areas/coastal plains iand abyssal plains
Ninety percent of people who die in hurricanes are killed by
storm surge
Surface ocean currents are caused by ____, whereas deep currents are the result of ______
surface wind belts; density differences
The Bay of Fundy is well known for which tidal characterstic
very high tidal range
Based on the equations for determining the speed of shallow water-waves, which one of the following variables is necessary to determine the speed of shallow water waves?
water depth
