Oceanography Chapter 14
Porpoises are members of which of the following orders? 86) _____ A) Carnivora B) Cetacea C) Chiroptera D) Rhenanida E) Sirenia
cetacea
Right whales are members of which of the following orders? 91) _____ A) Carnivora B) Cetacea C) Chiroptera D) Rhenanida E) Sirenia
cetacea
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. 32) _____ A) Minke B) Gray C) Killer D) Blue E) Sei
killer
Which set of fins is used for moving fast? 7) _____ A) Anal and pelvic B) Pectoral and anal C) Caudal and dorsal D) Anal and dorsal E) Caudal and pectoral
caudal and pectoral
Blue whales are members of which of the following orders? 89) _____ A) Carnivora B) Cetacea C) Chiroptera D) Rhenanida E) Sirenia
cetacea
Bowhead whales are members of which of the following orders? 92) _____ A) Carnivora B) Cetacea C) Chiroptera D) Rhenanida E) Sirenia
cetacea
Seals are members of which of the following orders? 81) _____ A) Carnivora B) Cetacea C) Chiroptera D) Rhenanida E) Sirenia
carnivora
Walruses are members of which of the following orders? 80) _____ A) Carnivora B) Cetacea C) Chiroptera D) Rhenanida E) Sirenia
carnivora
Fossil discoveries indicate that whales evolved from mammals on land about ________ million years ago. 77) _____ A) 50 B) 90 C) 60 D) 80 E) 70
50
Polar bears are members of which of the following orders? 79) _____ A) Carnivora B) Cetacea C) Chiroptera D) Rhenanida E) Sirenia
carnivora
Sea lions are easily distinguished from seals because they ________. 26) _____ A) cannot rotate their front flippers backward B) use their rear flippers for swimming C) have external ears D) cannot rotate their front flippers forward E) have a short neck
have external ears
White muscle tissue in fish supplies a much ________ amount of oxygen and supports a much ________ metabolic rate than red tissue. 70) _____ A) greater; higher B) greater; lower C) lower; lower D) lower; higher
lower; lower
White muscle tissue in fish is ________ and contains much ________ concentrations of myoglobin than red muscle tissue. 72) _____ A) thicker; lower B) thinner; higher C) thinner; lower D) thicker; higher
thicker; lower
129) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Schooling prevents fish from swimming greater distances than individuals BECAUSE each schooling fish gets slowed down by the vortex created by the fish swimming in front of it. 129) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
142) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Usually a parasite robs enough energy to kill the host BECAUSE if the host dies, the parasite can just swim away. 142) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
146) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Vast populations of phytoplankton and zooplankton are referred to as schools BECAUSE they form well-defined social groupings that move in the same direction and are evenly spaced. 146) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
131) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Schooling prevents fish from swimming greater distances than individuals BECAUSE each schooling fish gets a boost from the vortex created by the fish swimming in front of it. 131) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
122) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Microscopic zooplankton are primary consumers BECAUSE they eat microscopic phytoplankton. 122) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
125) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Many microscopic zooplankton are herbivores BECAUSE they only eat microscopic phytoplankton. 125) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
127) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Many microscopic zooplankton are omnivores BECAUSE they eat other zooplankton in addition to phytoplankton. 127) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
128) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Schooling may help fish swim greater distances than individuals BECAUSE each schooling fish gets a boost from the vortex created by the fish swimming in front of it. 128) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
133) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Clown fish are not stung by sea anemone BECAUSE clown fish have a protective agent in the mucus that coats their bodies. 133) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
144) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Cetaceans are able to swim fast BECAUSE they reduce frictional drag around their bodies with a specialized skin structure. 144) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
145) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Baleen whales are generally much larger than toothed whales BECAUSE they eat lower on the food web. 145) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
38) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Usually a parasite does not rob enough energy to kill the host BECAUSE if the host dies, so does the parasite. 138) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
134) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Clown fish are not stung by sea anemone BECAUSE they chase away any other fish that tries to feed on the anemone. 134) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid
123) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Microscopic zooplankton are primary consumers BECAUSE they are incredibly abundant in the ocean. 123) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
124) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Microscopic zooplankton are primary consumers BECAUSE they are herbivores. 124) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
132) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Schooling may help fish swim greater distances than individuals BECAUSE the school may appear as a single large and dangerous opponent to a potential predator. 132) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
139) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Usually a parasite does not rob enough energy to kill the host BECAUSE some fish have a protective agent in the mucus that coats their bodies. 139) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid.
126) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Many microscopic zooplankton are herbivores BECAUSE they eat other zooplankton in addition to phytoplankton. 126) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
130) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Schooling may help fish swim greater distances than individuals BECAUSE each schooling fish gets slowed down by the vortex created by the fish swimming in front of it. 130) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
140) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Usually a parasite does not rob enough energy to kill the host BECAUSE if the host dies, the parasite can just swim away. 140) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
143) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Cetaceans are able to swim fast BECAUSE their muscles are a great deal more powerful than other mammals. 143) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect.
135) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Clown fish are not stung by sea anemone BECAUSE clown fish release a chemical into seawater that makes the stinging tentacles retract. 135) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
136) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Clown fish are stung by sea anemone but are not seriously harmed BECAUSE they are immune to the toxins in the stinging tentacles. 136) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
137) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Clown fish are stunned but not killed when they are stung by sea anemone BECAUSE they have a protective agent in the mucus that coats their bodies. 137) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
141) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Usually a parasite robs enough energy to kill the host BECAUSE if the host dies, so does the parasite. 141) ____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct.
Which set of fins is used as stabilizers? 6) _____ A) Anal and caudal B) Caudal and dorsal C) Anal and dorsal D) Pectoral and pelvic E) Caudal and pelvic
anal and dorsal
Squid swim by expelling water out a siphon to propel themselves ________. 58) _____ A) forward B) backward C) leftward D) rightward E) downward
backward
Which of the following is not an adaptation for deep diving in Cetaceans? 23) _____ A) Having increased hemoglobin concentrations to store more oxygen B) Blood flow is shifted from the brain to the extremities C) Having a lot of myoglobin in the muscles to store oxygen D) Slowed heart rate E) Collapsing the lungs to compensate for increasing water pressure during deep dives
blood flow is shifted from the brain to the extremities
Dolphins and porpoises emit sounds from their ________. 112) ____ A) blowhole B) melon C) museau du singe D) junk E) nostril
blowhole
Which of the following affect the ability of species to capture food? 11) _____ A) Circulatory system B) Body temperature C) Body length D) Speed E) Body length, body temperature, circulatory system and speed affect the ability of pelagic organisms to capture food
body length; body temperature, circulatory system, and speed affect the ability of pelagic organisms to capture food
Fur seals are members of which of the following orders? 83) _____ A) Carnivora B) Cetacea C) Chiroptera D) Rhenanida E) Sirenia
carnivora
Sea lions are members of which of the following orders? 82) _____ A) Carnivora B) Cetacea C) Chiroptera D) Rhenanida E) Sirenia
carnivora
Sea otters are members of which of the following orders? 78) _____ A) Carnivora B) Cetacea C) Chiroptera D) Rhenanida E) Sirenia
carnivora
Dolphins are members of which of the following orders? 87) _____ A) Carnivora B) Cetacea C) Chiroptera D) Rhenanida E) Sirenia
cetacea
Finback whales are members of which of the following orders? 90) _____ A) Carnivora B) Cetacea C) Chiroptera D) Rhenanida E) Sirenia
cetacea
Gray whales are members of which of the following orders? 94) _____ A) Carnivora B) Cetacea C) Chiroptera D) Rhenanida E) Sirenia
cetacea
Humpback whales are members of which of the following orders? 93) _____ A) Carnivora B) Cetacea C) Chiroptera D) Rhenanida E) Sirenia
cetacea
Sperm whales are members of which of the following orders?88) _____ A) Carnivora B) Cetacea C) Chiroptera D) Rhenanida E) Sirenia
cetacea
Jellies are an example of which of the following? 53) _____ A) Cnidarians B) Coccolithophores C) Ctenophores D) Foraminifers E) Radiolarians
cnidarians
The "Portuguese man-of-war" is an example of which of the following? 52) _____ A) Cnidarians B) Coccolithophores C) Ctenophores D) Foraminifers E) Radiolarians
cnidarians
Which of the following are armed with nematocysts containing a painful neurotoxin? 55) _____ A) Cnidarians B) Coccolithophores C) Ctenophores D) Foraminifers E) Radiolarians
cnidarians
Which of the following has tentacles up 60 meters long? 54) _____ A) Cnidarians B) Coccolithophores C) Ctenophores D) Foraminifers E) Radiolarians
cnidarians
Which of the following have gas chambers that serve as floats and sails that allow the wind to push them across the ocean surface? 51) _____ A) Cnidarians B) Coccolithophores C) Ctenophores D) Foraminifers E) Radiolarians
cnidarians
Which of the following have soft bodies that are more than 95% water? 49) _____ A) Cnidarians B) Coccolithophores C) Ctenophores D) Foraminifers E) Radiolarians
cnidarians
Which of the following have tentacles armed with stinging cells called nematocysts? 50) _____ A) Cnidarians B) Coccolithophores C) Ctenophores D) Foraminifers E) Radiolarians
cnidarians
Which of the following zooplankton include the hydrozoans and the scyphozoans? 48) _____ A) Cnidarians B) Coccolithophores C) Ctenophores D) Foraminifers E) Radiolarians
cnidarians
Gray whales feed primarily on sea floor organisms in ________ in the ________. 152) ____ A) cold high-latitude waters; winter B) cold high-latitude waters; summer C) mild mid-latitude waters; spring D) tropical lagoons; summer E) tropical lagoons; winter
cold high-latitude waters; summer
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. 30) _____ A) Blubber B) Spines C) Collapsible ribs D) Gas bladder E) Swim bladder
collapsible ribs
A remora attaching itself to a shark to obtain food and transportation without harming its host is an example of which of the following types of symbiotic relationship? 148) ____ A) Commensalism B) Mutualism C) Naturalism D) Parallelism E) Parasitism
commensalism
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. 28) _____ A) Jellyfish B) Ctenophore C) Arrow worm D) Salp E) Copepod
copepod
Microscopic, shrimplike animals that have a hard exoskeleton that can be either herbivorous, carnivorous, or parasitic are called ________. 4) _____ A) foraminifers B) radiolarians C) copepods D) fishes E) cnidarians
copepods
Which of the following are one of the most numerically dominant types of multicelled organisms on the planet? 46) _____ A) Coccolithophores B) Copepods C) Ctenophores D) Foraminifers E) Radiolarians
copepods
Which of the following compose the majority of the ocean's zooplankton biomass? 47) _____ A) Coccolithophores B) Copepods C) Ctenophores D) Foraminifers E) Radiolarians
copepods
Which of the following have a hard exoskeleton and a segmented body with jointed legs, forked tails and distinct antennae? 44) _____ A) Coccolithophores B) Copepods C) Ctenophores D) Foraminifers E) Radiolarians
copepods
Which of the following lay eggs that are released into seawater, where they hatch in about a day? 45) _____ A) Coccolithophores B) Copepods C) Ctenophores D) Foraminifers E) Radiolarians
copepods
Which of the following animals uses an internal chambered structure as a rigid gas container to achieve neutral buoyancy? 35) _____ A) Snapper B) Sepia C) Grouper D) Tuna E) Cuttlefish
cuttlefish
Squid have two long arms and ________ short arms. 59) _____ A) eightB) six C) four D) two E) ten
eight
Most high-speed fish use their caudal fins ________. 64) _____ A) for swim propulsion B) primarily as stabilizers C) to hold onto prey D) to increase the surface area E) to turn, brake, and balance
for swim propulsion
Which of the following produce a hard test made of calcium carbonate that is segmented or chambered, with a prominent opening in one end? 43) _____ A) Coccolithophores B) Copepods C) Ctenophores D) Foraminifers E) Radiolarians
foraminifers
A sperm whale uses its junk and the spermaceti organ to do which of the following? 113) ____ A) Dig in seafloor sediment B) Generate sounds C) Remain submerged for extended periods D) Digest squid and other prey E) Produce offspring
generate sounds
The migration of which of the following baleen whales is the best-studied? 151) ____ A) Rorqual whale B) Blue whale C) Gray whale D) Humpback whale E) Minke whale
gray whale
Which of the following baleen whales feeds on benthic organisms? 116) ____ A) Blue whale B) Gray whale C) Humpback whale D) Minke whale E) Rorqual whale
gray whale
Which of the following was the first marine creature to be removed from endangered status? 119) ____ A) Blue whale B) Gray whale C) Humpback whale D) Minke whale E) Rorqual whale
gray whale
) Red muscle tissue in fish supplies a much ________ amount of oxygen and supports a much ________ metabolic rate than white tissue. 69) _____ A) greater; higher B) lesser; lower C) greater; lower D) lesser; higher
greater; higher
Which of the following animals uses a swim bladder to achieve neutral buoyancy? 37) _____ A) Grouper B) Nautilus C) Spirula D) Sharks E) Tuna
grouper
Which of the following fish waits patiently for prey and exerts themselves only in short bursts as they lunge? 73) _____ A) Marlin B) Tuna C) Shark D) Swordfish E) Grouper
grouper
The shape of the caudal fin of a shark is referred to as ________. 8) _____ A) lunate B) rounded C) forked D) heterocercal E) truncate
heterocercal
Which of the following types of caudal fins is asymmetrical, with most of their mass and surface area in the upper lobe? 67) _____ A) Forked caudal fin B) Heterocercal caudal fin C) Lunate caudal fin D) Rounded caudal fin E) Truncate caudal fin
heterocercal caudal fin
Which of the following types of caudal fins is found in sharks? 68) _____ A) Forked caudal fin B) Heterocercal caudal fin C) Lunate caudal fin D) Rounded caudal fin E) Truncate caudal fin
heterocercal caudal fin
The caudal fin shape that is asymmetrical, with most of the mass in the upper lobe, is a ________. 10) _____ A) forked fin B) rounded fin C) truncate fin D) lunate fin E) heterocercal fin
heterocercal fin
Deep-sea fish species exhibit which of the following adaptations to life in the deep ocean? 75) _____ A) Small sharp teeth B) Rigid bodies C) Small mouths D) Hinged jaws E) Insensitive eyes
hinged jaws
Whales evolved from a land-dwelling ancestor similar to which of the following? 76) _____ A) Yak B) Bear C) Mastodon D) Elephant E) Hippopotamus
hippopotamus
Organisms such as a mackerel sharks and tunas that can maintain a relatively constant body temperature are referred to as ________. 17) _____ A) poikilothermic B) homeothermic C) ectothermic D) cold-blooded E) None of the above is correct.
homeothermic
Songs of which of the following whales are thought to be a form of sexual display? 118) ____ A) Blue whale B) Gray whale C) Humpback whale D) Minke whale E) Rorqual whale
humpback whale
Which of the following Gray whales are the last to migrate south? 157) ____ A) Pregnant females B) Non-pregnant mature females C) Immature males D) Mature males E) Immature females
immature males
Cruisers are thought to have relatively high body temperature because ________. 15) _____ A) it helps them blend more easily with their environment B) it increases the power output of muscle tissue C) they are cold blooded D) it assists them in predator avoidance E) they only need to move periodically
it increases the power output of muscle tissue
Despite the International Whaling Commission ban on commercial whaling which of the following nations continues to hunt whales under the guise of scientific research? 121) ____ A) Norway B) Greenland C) Japan D) United States E) Russia
japan
Which of the following is a member of the Phylum Cnidaria? 2) _____ A) Copepod B) Salp C) Jellyfish D) Sea gooseberry E) Nautilus
jellyfish
Pick the pair which does not fit the pattern. 20) _____ A) Krill—whale B) Isopod—fish C) Clown fish—anemone D) Remora—shark
krill-whale
Which of the following is not an adaptation of deep-sea fishes? 18) _____ A) Counter-illumination B) Good sensory devices such as sensitive lateral lines C) Hinged jaws D) Large body sizes E) Large mouths with sharp, needle-like teeth
large body sizes
Which of the following best describes a behavior known as porpoising? 110) ____ A) Forming a large school to harass whales B) Leaping out of the water while swimming C) Using a blunt snout during mating D) Starting in television programs and movies E) Swimming in circles around prey
leaping out of the water while swimming
the caudal fin of fast-cruising fish such as tuna is ________. 9) _____ A) lunate B) truncate C) forked D) heterocercal E) rounded
lunate
Which of the following types of caudal fins is found on fast-cruising fish such as tuna, marlin, and swordfish? 66) _____ A) Forked caudal fin B) Heterocercal caudal fin C) Lunate caudal fin D) Rounded caudal fin E) Truncate caudal fin
lunate caudal fin
Which of the following fast-swimming fish has the lowest body temperature? 74) _____ A) Bonito (Sarda) B) Mackerel (Scomber) C) Bluefin tuna (Thynnus) D) Yellowtail (Seriola) E) Moonfish Opah (Lampris guttatus)
mackerel (scomber)
Identify the mismatched pair. 25) _____ A) Manatee—Cetacea B) Sea otter—Carnivora C) Dolphin—Cetacea D) Walrus—Pinnipedia E) Dugong—Sirenia
manatee-cetacea
The gray whale and other baleen whales migrate every year to ________. 27) _____ A) feed in the tropics during the summer B) feed in the tropics during the winter C) mate and give birth in the tropics during the winter D) mate and give birth in the Arctic and Antarctic regions during the summer E) feed in the Arctic and Antarctic regions during the winter
mate and give birth in the tropics during the winter
In dolphins and porpoises, an organ called the ________ focuses the sounds they generate. 111) ____ A) spermaceti organ B) junk C) nostril D) museau du singe E) melon
melon
The stinging tentacles of a sea anemone protecting a clown fish which chases away any fish that tries to feed on the anemone is an example of which of the following types of symbiotic relationship? 149) ____ A) Commensalism B) Mutualism C) Naturalism D) Parallelism E) Parasitism
mutualism
Which of the following animals uses an external shell as a rigid gas container to achieve neutral buoyancy? 34) _____ A) Spirula B) Sea Bass C) Grouper D) Nautilus E) Sepia
nautilus
Squids, fish, sea turtles, and marine mammals are examples of ________ organisms. 56) _____ A) nektonic B) phytoplanktonic C) zooplanktonic D) benthic E) abyssal
nektonic
Which of the following nations continues to hunt whales legally under an objection to the International Whaling Commission ban on commercial whaling? 120) ____ A) Norway B) United States C) Greenland D) China E) Russia
norway
Which of the following Gray whales are the last to migrate north? 158) ____ A) Immature males B) Nursing females C) Non-pregnant mature females D) Mature males E) Immature females
nursing females
Gray whales begin to migrate south when ________.155) ____ A) killer whales start to attack B) the calves are nursing C) the first calves are born D) pack ice begins to form E) breeding has concluded
pack ice begins to form
An isopods attaching itself to a fish and derive its nutrition from the body fluids of the fish, robbing it of some of its energy supply, is an example of which of the following types of symbiotic relationship? 150) ____ A) Commensalism B) Mutualism C) Naturalism D) Parallelism E) Parasitism
parasitism
A squids mouthpiece resembles a ________. 60) _____ A) volcanic crater B) suction cup C) dog's mouth D) dolphin's blowhole E) parrot's beak
parrot's beak
Which set of fins is used for turning and braking? 5) _____ A) Anal and caudal B) Caudal and dorsal C) Anal and dorsal D) Caudal and pelvic E) Pectoral and pelvic
pectoral and pelvic
An organism such as a fish whose body temperature is nearly the same as the environment is referred to as ________. 16) _____ A) endothermic B) poikilothermic C) homeothermic D) warm-blooded
poikilothermic
Which of the following is not one of the reasons bioluminescence is employed by deep-sea animals? 19) _____ A) Counter illumination B) Warning coloration C) Attracting food D) Predator avoidance E) Communication
predator avoidance
Which of the following Gray whales are the first to migrate south? 156) ____ A) Immature females B) Mature males C) Immature males D) Non-pregnant mature females E) Pregnant females
pregnant females
Most active swimming fish use dorsal and anal fins ________.63) _____ A) for swim propulsion B) primarily as stabilizers C) to hold onto prey D) to increase the surface area E) to turn, brake, and balance
primarily as stabilizers
Most active swimming fish use vertical fins ________. 62) _____ A) for swim propulsion B) primarily as stabilizers C) to hold onto prey D) to increase the surface area E) to turn, brake, and balance
primarily as stabilizers
Which of the following is the most important function of schooling in small fish? 147) ____ A) Male fertilization of eggs released into the water B) Protection from predators C) Invade the territory of larger species D) Moving in the same direction E) Aggressive species can't chase away the whole school
protection from predators
Which of the following are single-celled, microscopic protozoans that build their hard shells out of silica? 42) _____ A) Coccolithophores B) Copepods C) Ctenophores D) Foraminifers E) Radiolarians
radiolarians
Which of the following whales feeds by moving through surface waters with their mouths open, skimming for small surface-dwelling prey? 117) ____ A) Blue whale B) Gray whale C) Humpback whale D) Minke whale E) Right whale
right whale
Which of the following types of caudal fins is flexible and useful in accelerating and maneuvering at slow speeds? 65) _____ A) Forked caudal fin B) Heterocercal caudal fin C) Lunate caudal fin D) Rounded caudal fin E) Truncate caudal fin
rounded caudal fin
Which of the following animals uses a swim bladder to achieve neutral buoyancy? 39) _____ A) Spirula B) Sharks C) Sea Bass D) Sepia E) Nautilus
sea bass
) Which of the following animals compensates for not having a swim bladder by using large and flat pectoral fins and an asymmetrical caudal fin to produce lift? 40) _____ A) Shark B) Nautilus C) Spirula D) Tuna E) Sepia
shark
Which of the following animals uses a very large, oil rich liver to help reduce their density and float more easily? 41) _____ A) Shark B) SepiaC) Spirula D) Nautilus E) Tuna
shark
Dugongs are members of which of the following orders? 85) _____ A) Carnivora B) Cetacea C) Chiroptera D) Rhenanida E) Sirenia
sirenia
Manatees are members of which of the following orders? 84) _____ A) Carnivora B) Cetacea C) Chiroptera D) Rhenanida E) Sirenia
sirenia
Which of the following animals uses a swim bladder to achieve neutral buoyancy? A) tuna B) sepia C) sharks D) nautilus E) snapper
snapper
Which of the following is not a member of the Order Carnivora? 22) _____ A) Polar bears B) Sea otters C) Seals D) Sea lions E) Sperm whales
sperm whale
Which of the following is the most vocal cetacean? 115) ____ A) Finback whale B) Killer whale C) Porpoise D) Dolphin E) Sperm whale
sperm whale
Which of the following is not a baleen whale? 24) _____ A) Gray whales B) Fin whales C) Blue whales D) Right whales E) Sperm whales
sperm whales
Which of the following animals uses an internal chambered structure as a rigid gas container to achieve neutral buoyancy? 36) _____ A) Spirula B) Grouper C) Nautilus D) Tuna E) Snapper
spirula
Which of the following squids is the least active? 57) _____ A) Loligo B) Nautilus C) Spirula D) Architeuthis E) Ommastrephes
spirula
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. 31) _____ A) Squid B) Radiolarians C) Krill D) Copepods E) Foraminiferans
squid
Identify the mismatched pair. 3) _____ A) Squid—Annelid B) Arrow worm—Chaetognath C) Physalia—Cnidarian D) Krill—Crustacea E) Sea gooseberry—Ctenophore
squid-annelid
) Killer whales are considered members of the dolphin family due to similarities in which of the following? 109) ____ A) Appearance B) Teeth C) Color D) Behavior E) Range
teeth
) Which of the following statements regarding dugongs is correct? 104) ____ A) They are concentrated in coastal areas of the tropical Atlantic Ocean. B) Their land-dwelling ancestors were cow like. C) They are known as "sea hippos." D) They can ascend steep slopes, climb stairs, and do other acrobatic tricks. E) Their bodies are covered with sparse hairs, concentrated around the mouth.
their bodies are covered with sparse hair, concentrated around the mounth
Which of the following statements regarding Manatees is correct? 105) ____ A) They eat more than 50 kinds of marine life. B) They populate the tropical regions of the Indian and Western Pacific Oceans. C) Their front flippers have nails that resemble the nails on elephant feet. D) Their fur is thick, and each hair is dense for better insulation. E) They are short animals that can reach lengths of only up to 2 meters.
their front flippers have nails that resemble the nails on elephant feet
Which of the following allows cetaceans to remain submerged for extended periods of time? 108) ____ A) Their muscle tissue is more sensitive to high levels of carbon dioxide. B) They are physiologically immune to the effects of deep diving. C) They have strong rigid rib cages. D) Their muscles can continue to function when oxygen becomes depleted
their muscles can continue to function when oxygen becomes depleted
Which of the following statements regarding sea otters is correct? 95) _____ A) Their bodies are covered with sparse hairs, which are concentrated around the mouth. B) They are some of the largest marine mammals. C) They are one of the few types of animals known to use tools. D) They continually lick themselves to clean their fur and add an insulating layer of air. E) They no longer inhabit all areas where they were hunted.
they are one of the few types of animals known to use tools
Which of the following statements regarding sea lions and fur seals is correct? 102) ____ A) They can ascend climb stairs and do other acrobatic tricks. B) Their tusks are used for hauling themselves onto icebergs. C) They are called the earless seals. D) They have prominent claws that extend from their fore flippers. E) They cannot move their rear flippers underneath their bodies.
they can ascend climb stairs and do other acrobatic tricks
Which of the following allows cetaceans to remain submerged for extended periods of time? 107) ____ A) They are faster breathers than terrestrial animals. B) They have less myoglobin in their muscle tissue as terrestrial animals. C) They can extract almost 90% of the oxygen in each breath. D) They have a smaller blood volume per unit of body mass. E) Some have less red blood cells per unit of blood volume as terrestrial animals.
they can extract almost 90% of the oxygen in each breath
Which of the following statements regarding Manatees is correct? 106) ____ A) They populate the tropical regions of the Indian and Western Pacific Oceans. B) Their land-dwelling ancestors were bear like. C) They are the only vegetarian marine mammals. D) They are known as "sea hippos." E) They have a paddle like tail and rounded front flippers.
they have a paddle like tail and rounded front flippers
Which of the following statements regarding dugongs is correct? 103) ____ A) They are concentrated in coastal areas of the tropical Atlantic Ocean. B) Their fur is thick, and each hair is dense for better insulation. C) Their land-dwelling ancestors were cow like. D) They are short animals that can reach lengths of only up to 2 meters. E) They have a paddle like tail and rounded front flippers
they have a paddle like tail and rounded front flippers
Which of the following statements regarding sea otters is correct? 96) _____ A) They have not made comeback since being hunted to the brink of extinction. B) They only eat one kind of marine life. C) They have extremely thin fur, which was highly sought for pelts. D) They inhabit kelp beds in coastal waters of the Atlantic coast of Canada. E) They have high caloric requirements and are voracious eaters.
they have caloric requirements and are voracious eaters
Which of the following statements regarding walruses is correct? 99) _____ A) Their hair is hollow for better insulation. B) Their sharp claws are used for hauling themselves onto icebergs. C) Their tusks are used for prying and killing. D) They lack an insulating layer of blubber. E) They have ivory tusks up to 1 meter long
they have ivory tusks up to 1 meter long
Which of the following facts supporting advanced toothed whale intelligence is correct? 114) ____ A) Some wild dolphins have been reported to attack drowning humans. B) They have large brains relative to their body size. C) They resist being trained to respond to human hand signals. D) Their brains are highly compartmentalized. E) They can communicate with humans by using sound.
they have large brains relative to their body size
Which of the following statements regarding polar bears is correct? 98) _____ A) They have small teeth and sharp claws, which they use for prying and killing. B) They have massive webbed paws that make them excellent swimmers. C) They were hunted to the brink of extinction in the late 1800s. D) Their fur is thick, and each hair is dense for better insulation. E) Their diet consists mainly of walrus.
they have massive webbed paws that make them excellent swimmers
Which of the following statements regarding seals is correct? 101) ____ A) They can move around on land very well resembling speedy caterpillars. B) They have prominent claws that extend from their fore flippers. C) They have prominent ear flaps. D) Their tusks are used for hauling themselves onto icebergs. E) They have large prominent front flippers.
they have prominent claws that extend from their fore flippers
Which of the following statements regarding sea otters is correct? 97) _____ A) They do not move around on land very well. B) They inhabit kelp beds in coastal waters of the eastern North Pacific Ocean. C) They seem particularly playful because of their habit of continually licking themselves. D) They have a thick insulating layer of blubber. E) They were brought back from the brink of extinction in the late 1800s.
they inhabit kelp beds in coastal waters of the eastern North Pacific Ocean
Which of the following is not a characteristic of Class Mammalia? 21) _____ A) The females of each species have mammary glands. B) They breathe air. C) They are warm-blooded. D) They have hair or fur at some point during development. E) They lay eggs
they lay eggs
Which of the following statements regarding seals is correct? 100) ____ A) They can move around on land very well resembling speedy caterpillars. B) They propel themselves through water by using their rear flippers. C) They lack claws that extend from their fore flippers. D) They are called the eared seals or false seals. E) They can move their rear flippers underneath their bodies.
they propel themselves through water by using their rear flippers
Which of the following characteristics is not found in cruising fishes such as tuna? 14) _____ A) They swim constantly in search of prey. B) They tend to have lunate tails. C) They are capable of short periods of high-speed swimming. D) Their muscle tissues are mostly red. E) They rely on a swim bladder for neutral buoyancy
they rely on a swim bladder for neutral buoyancy
Which of the following statements of the Pacific Coast Feeding Group is correct? 154) ____ A) They cannot survive in cold water and live year round in southern California. B) Their newborn calves are born along the Pacific coast from Washington to California. C) They spend the summer along the Pacific coast from Canada to northern California. D) They feed primarily in cold high-latitude waters in the coastal Arctic Ocean. E) They do not migrate at all because they don't store enough fat to survive the migration.
they spend the summer along the Pacific coast from Canada to Northern California
Red muscle tissue in fish is ________ and contains much ________ concentrations of myoglobin than white muscle tissue. 71) _____ A) thinner; higher B) thicker; higher C) thicker; lower D) thinner; lower
thinner; higher
The function of a swim bladder is ________. 1) _____ A) to prevent predators from eating the puffer fish B) to assist the organism in steering with the currents C) to increase the surface area of the organism to prevent sinking D) to allow a fish to change position in the water column E) to increase the density of the organism to keep it afloat
to allow a fish to change position in the water column
Most active swimming fish use pelvic fins and pectoral fins ________. 61) _____ A) for swim propulsion B) primarily as stabilizers C) to hold onto prey D) to increase the surface area E) to turn, brake, and balance
to turn, brake, and balance
Gray whales breed and give birth in ________ in the ________. 153) ____ A) mild mid-latitude waters; spring B) cold high-latitude waters; summer C) tropical lagoons; winter D) cold high-latitude waters; winter E) tropical lagoons; summer
tropical lagoons; winter
An example of a "cruiser" is a ________. 12) _____ A) flounder B) tuna C) shark D) grouper E) mackerel
tuna
Which of the following animals doesn't use a rigid gas container or a swim bladder? 33) _____ A) Tuna B) Sea Bass C) Grouper D) Nautilus E) Sepia
tuna
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. 29) _____ A) AnalB) Caudal C) Ventral D) Pelvic E) Dorsal
ventral
The muscle tissue of a "lunger" is predominantly ________. 13) _____ A) gray B) pink C) blue D) white E) red
white