Oceanography Chapter 6
46) The horse latitudes boundary occurs in which of the following regions? 46) _____ A) Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees) B) 5 to 30 degrees C) 30 degrees D) 30 to 60 degrees E) 60 degrees F) 60 to 90 degrees G) Poles (90 degrees)
30 degrees
35) Which of the following will cause the lowest air pressure at the surface? 35) _____ A) A column of warm, dense air B) A column of cool, less dense air C) A column of warm, less dense air D) A column of cool, dense air
a column of warm, less dense air
28) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. 28) _____ A) Nitrogen B) Oxygen C) Albedo D) Troposphere E) Water vapor
albedo
17) Idealized pressure belts and wind systems are significantly modified by Earth's tilted axis of rotation and ________. 17) _____ A) differences in the heat capacities of the ocean and land B) differences in the latitudinal albedo C) variations in incoming solar radiation over many years D) latitudinal variations in the Coriolis effect E) Ekman transport
differences in the heat capacities of the ocean and land
29) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. 29) _____ A) Polar easterlies B) Northeast trade winds C) Southeast trade winds D) Doldrums E) Westerlies
doldrums
26) When ice forms from seawater, the remaining seawater will have a ________. 26) _____ A) higher salinity B) higher temperature C) lower temperature D) decreased density E) darker color
higher salinity
2) The Sun reaches its most northerly point in the sky, directly overhead along the Tropic of Cancer, during the ________. 2) _____ A) summer solstice B) winter solstice C) vernal equinox D) ecliptic E) autumnal equinox
summer solstice
37) Which of the following statements about the Coriolis effect is correct? 37) _____ A) The Coriolis effect is strongest between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. B) The maximum Coriolis effect is at the equator, and there is no Coriolis effect at the poles. C) There is no Coriolis effect for objects moving due south from the equator. D) The magnitude of the Coriolis effect depends on how long the object is in motion.
the magnitude of the coriolis effect depends on hoe long the object is in motion
75) Which of the following is the correct order of formation of sea ice as it forms directly from seawater? 75) _____ A) (START) Ice Floes; Slush; Pancake Ice; Sea Ice (FINISH) B) (START) Slush; Pancake Ice; Ice Floes; Sea Ice (FINISH) C) (START) Pancake Ice; Ice Floes; Slush; Sea Ice (FINISH) D) (START) Slush; Ice Floes; Pancake Ice; Sea Ice (FINISH) E) (START) Slush; Ice Floes; Sea Ice; Pancake Ice (FINISH)
(START) slush; pancake ice; ice floes; sea ice (FINISH)
1) Earth's axis of rotation is tilted at an angle of ________. 1) _____ A) 45° B) 180° C) 23.5° D) 0° E) 90°
23.5 degrees
65) Worldwide, about ________ storms grow to named tropical cyclones status each year. 65) _____ A) 75 B) 50 C) 100 D) 25 E) 125
100
52) The major deserts of the world occur in which of the following regions? 52) _____ A) Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees) B) 5 to 30 degrees C) 30 degrees D) 30 to 60 degrees E) 60 degrees F) 60 to 90 degrees G) Poles (90 degrees)
30 degrees
56) A boundary or belt characterized by light, variable winds, dry, clear, fair weather with little precipitation occurs in which of the following regions? 56) _____ A) Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees) B) 5 to 30 degrees C) 30 degrees D) 30 to 60 degrees E) 60 degrees F) 60 to 90 degrees G) Poles (90 degrees)
30 degrees
4) The average albedo of Earth's surface is about ________. 4) _____ A) 90% B) 67% C) 50% D) 30% E) 3%
30%
47) The prevailing westerlies occur in which of the following regions? 47) _____ A) Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees) B) 5 to 30 degrees C) 30 degrees D) 30 to 60 degrees E) 60 degrees F) 60 to 90 degrees G) Poles (90 degrees)
30-60 degrees
53) Storms are most common in which of the following regions? 53) _____ A) Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees) B) 5 to 30 degrees C) 30 to 60 degrees D) 60 to 90 degrees E) Poles (90 degrees)
30-60 degrees
57) A boundary or belt characterized by winds generally from the west and brings storms that influence weather across the United States occurs in which of the following regions? 57) _____ A) Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees) B) 5 to 30 degrees C) 30 degrees D) 30 to 60 degrees E) 60 degrees F) 60 to 90 degrees G) Poles (90 degrees)
30-60 degrees
45) The trade winds occur in which of the following regions? 45) _____ A) Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees) B) 5 to 30 degrees C) 30 degrees D) 30 to 60 degrees E) 60 degrees F) 60 to 90 degrees G) Poles (90 degrees)
5-30 degrees
55) A boundary or belt characterized by strong, steady winds, generally from the east occurs in which of the following regions? 55) _____ A) Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees) B) 5 to 30 degrees C) 30 degrees D) 30 to 60 degrees E) 60 degrees F) 60 to 90 degrees G) Poles (90 degrees)
5-30 degrees
48) The polar front occurs in which of the following regions? 48) _____ A) 30 degrees B) 30 to 60 degrees C) 60 degrees D) 60 to 90 degrees E) Poles (90 degrees)
60 degrees
58) A boundary or belt characterized by variable winds and stormy, cloudy weather year round occurs in which of the following regions? 58) _____ A) Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees) B) 5 to 30 degrees C) 30 degrees D) 30 to 60 degrees E) 60 degrees F) 60 to 90 degrees G) Poles (90 degrees)
60 degrees
49) The polar easterlies occur in which of the following regions? 49) _____ A) Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees) B) 5 to 30 degrees C) 30 degrees D) 30 to 60 degrees E) 60 degrees F) 60 to 90 degrees G) Poles (90 degrees)
60-90 degrees
59) A boundary or belt characterized by cold, dry winds generally from the east, occurs in which of the following regions? 59) _____ A) Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees) B) 5 to 30 degrees C) 30 degrees D) 30 to 60 degrees E) 60 degrees F) 60 to 90 degrees G) Poles (90 degrees)
60-90 degrees
12) Winds blowing out of the north toward the south in the southern hemisphere will appear to ________.12) _____ A) be deflected toward the west B) circulate counterclockwise C) circulate clockwise D) travel in a straight line E) be deflected toward the east
be deflected toward the east
80) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The Coriolis force is a true force BECAUSE it accelerates a moving body or air and influences its speed. 80) _____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is corre
both the assertion and the reason are incorrect
19) A cold air mass moving into an area occupied by relatively warm air is called a/an ________. 19) _____ A) low pressure system B) cold front C) warm front D) occluded front E) high pressure system
cold front
34) Which of the following will cause the highest air pressure at the surface? 34) _____ A) A column of cool, less dense air B) A column of cool, dense air C) A column of warm, dense air D) A column of warm, less dense air
column of cool, dense air
31) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. 31) _____ A) Sea ice B) Iceberg C) Ice shelf D) Continent E) Ice floes
continent
71) The air in the center of the eye of the hurricane is ________ air moving ________. 71) _____ A) warm moist; upwardB) warm moist; downward C) cool dry; downward D) cool dry; upward
cool dry; downward
10) The apparent deflection of air masses to the right or left (depending on latitude) as they move from one latitude to another is called the ________. 10) _____ A) Cyclonic effect B) Ekman spiral C) Saffir-Simpson scale D) Hadley cell E) Coriolis effect
coriolis effect
18) Low-pressure regions in the northern hemisphere rotate ________. 18) _____ A) at a 45° angle from the prevailing wind direction B) to the right C) clockwise D) counterclockwise E) to the left
counterclockwise
7) In the troposphere, air temperatures ________.7) _____ A) are constant with decreasing altitude B) increase with increasing altitude C) decrease with increasing altitude D) decrease with decreasing altitude
decrease with increasing altitude
76) Which of the following countries is the world leader (by percentage of its energy use) in wind power? 76) _____ A) England B) Japan C) United States D) Denmark E) Australia
denmark
44) The Doldrums occur in which of the following regions? 44) _____ A) Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees) B) 5 to 30 degrees C) 30 degrees D) 30 to 60 degrees E) 60 degrees F) 60 to 90 degrees G) Poles (90 degrees)
equatorial (0-5 degrees)
51) Earth's breeding ground for hurricanes occurs in which of the following regions? 51) _____ A) Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees) B) 5 to 30 degrees C) 30 degrees D) 30 to 60 degrees E) 60 degrees F) 60 to 90 degrees G) Poles (90 degrees)
equatorial (0-5 degrees)
54) A boundary or belt characterized by light, variable winds, abundant cloudiness and much precipitation occurs of the following regions? 54) _____ A) Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees) B) 5 to 30 degrees C) 30 degrees D) 30 to 60 degrees E) 60 degrees F) 60 to 90 degrees G) Poles (90 degrees)
equatorial (0-5 degrees)
70) A tropical cyclone with a wind speed of 260 km/hr. would be classified as Category ________ on the Saffir-Simpson Scale of hurricane intensity. 70) _____ A) One B) Two C) Three D) FourE) Five
five
69) A tropical cyclone with a wind speed of 220 km/hr. would be classified as Category ________ on the Saffir-Simpson Scale of hurricane intensity. 69) _____ A) One B) Two C) Three D) FourE) Five
four
42) The polar easterly winds blow in which of the following directions in the Northern Hemisphere? 42) _____ A) From northeast to southwest B) From northwest to southeast C) From southeast to northwest D) From southwest to northeast
from northeast to southwest
41) The prevailing westerly winds blow in which of the following directions in the Southern Hemisphere?41) _____ A) From northeast to southwest B) From northwest to southeast C) From southeast to northwest D) From southwest to northeast
from northwest to southeast
39) The trade winds blow in which of the following directions in the Southern Hemisphere? 39) _____ A) From northeast to southwest B) From northwest to southeast C) From southeast to northwest D) From southwest to northeast
from southeast to northwest
43) The polar easterly winds blow in which of the following directions in the Southern Hemisphere? 43) _____ A) From northeast to southwest B) From northwest to southeast C) From southeast to northwest D) From southwest to northeast
from southeast to northwest
40) The prevailing westerly winds blow in which of the following directions in the Northern Hemisphere? 40) _____ A) From northeast to southwest B) From northwest to southeast C) From southeast to northwest D) From southwest to northeast
from southwest to northeast
38) The trade winds blow in which of the following directions in the Northern Hemisphere? 38) _____ A) From northeast to southwest B) From northwest to southeast C) From southeast to northwest D) From southwest to northeast
from the northeast to southwest
3) The intensity of solar radiation received at lower latitudes (near the equator) compared to higher latitudes (near the poles) is ________. 3) _____ A) the same B) greater C) lower
greater
61) In coastal regions, sea breezes happen ________ and land breezes happen ________. 61) _____ A) in the morning; at night B) at night; in the morning C) in the afternoon; at night D) at night; in the afternoon E) in the morning; in the afternoon F) in the afternoon; in the morning
in the afternoon; at night
15) The doldrums refer to the same region as the ________. 15) _____ A) inter-tropical convergence zone B) trade winds C) subtropical jet stream D) jet stream E) subtropics
inter-tropical convergence zone
21) The strength of a hurricane stems from water's ________. 21) _____ A) latent heat of melting B) latent heat of fusion C) latent heat of sublimation D) latent heat of condensation E) latent heat of deposition
latent heat of condensation
5) The two most abundant components of dry air are ________. 5) _____ A) oxygen and water vapor B) carbon dioxide and water vapor C) nitrogen and oxygen D) oxygen and carbon dioxide E) nitrogen and carbon dioxide
nitrogen and oxygen
66) A tropical cyclone with a wind speed of 150 km/hr. would be classified as Category ________ on the Saffir-Simpson Scale of hurricane intensity. A) One B) Two C) Three D) FourE) Five
one
62) Typically, the United States is influenced more by ________ air masses during the winter and more by ________ air masses during the summer. 62) _____ A) tropical; arctic B) arctic; polar C) polar; arctic D) arctic; tropical E) polar; tropical
polar; tropical
50) Polar high pressure occurs in which of the following regions?50) _____ A) Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees) B) 5- to 30 degrees C) 30 degrees D) 30 to 60 degrees E) 60 degrees F) 60 to 90 degrees G) Poles (90 degrees)
poles (90 degrees)
60) A boundary or belt characterized by cold deserts occurs in which of the following regions? 60) _____ A) Equatorial (0 to 5 degrees) B) 5 to 30 degrees C) 30 degrees D) 30 to 60 degrees E) 60 degrees F) 60 to 90 degrees G) Poles (90 degrees)
poles (90 degrees)
33) A person experiences a popping feeling in their ears during the takeoff or landing of an airplane or while driving on steep mountain roads due to changes in the ________ of the atmosphere. 33) _____ A) water vapor content B) temperature C) pressure D) movement E) density
pressure
22) The strength of a hurricane is ranked from 1 to 5 on the ________. 22) _____ A) Moh's Scale B) Coriolis Scale C) Fujita Scale D) Saffir-Simpson Scale E) Richter Scale
saffir-simpson scale
20) Air warmed by the land that rises and is replaced by cooler air from the ocean may produce a ________. 20) _____ A) cold front B) land breeze C) typhoon D) sea breeze E) tropical cyclone
sea breeze
30) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. 30) _____ A) Minimum central pressure B) Storm diameter C) Maximum sustained winds D) Storm surge E) Sea surface salinity
sea surface salinity
23) The largest loss of life from a hurricane is usually due to ________. 23) _____ A) intense precipitation B) high winds C) storm surge D) low atmospheric pressure
storm surge
73) Which of the following is responsible for 90% of the deaths associated with hurricanes? 73) _____ A) Fflooding B) Landslides C) Storm surge D) Strong winds E) Fallen trees
storm surge
25) The oceanic climate region that is characterized by sea ice coverage in the winter and open water (but cold) in the summer is ________. 25) _____ A) subtropical B) polar C) subpolar D) tropical E) temperate
subpolar
8) The two factors that are most important in determining the density of air are ________. 8) _____ A) temperature and salinity B) temperature and water vapor content C) carbon dioxide and water vapor content D) temperature and ozone E) nitrogen and water vapor content
temperature and water vapour content
79) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing altitude BECAUSE it depends on the weight of the column of air above. 79) _____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
the assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid
81) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The air over the continents colder in winter and warmer in summer than the air over adjacent oceans BECAUSE continental rock has a lower heat capacity than seawater. 81) _____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
the assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid
87) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The rate of sea ice formation slows as sea ice thickens BECAUSE the ice insulates the underlying water from freezing due to its poor heat conduction. 87) _____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
the assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid
77) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Different hemispheres on Earth are tilted more directly toward or away from the Sun during Earth's yearly orbit BECAUSE Earth revolves around the Sun in an elliptical orbit that varies from a perfect circle. 77) _____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
the assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid
86) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Sea ice is different from icebergs BECAUSE sea ice is found throughout the year around the margin of Antarctica. 86) _____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
the assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid
83) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: In 1900, at least 6000 people in and around Galveston, Texas, were killed in the most deadly natural disaster in the US history BECAUSE the hurricane's storm surge completely submerged the island. 83) _____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
the assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is valid
82) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: New Orleans is particularly vulnerable to hurricanes like Katrina BECAUSE nearly all of the city's metropolitan area is only five feet above sea level along Lake Pontchartrain. 82) _____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
the assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect
78) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The higher one goes in the atmosphere, the warmer it gets BECAUSE the higher one goes in the atmosphere the closer you are to the Sun. 78) _____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
the assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct
84) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The Hawaiian Islands are safe from tropical cyclones BECAUSE they are islands near the center of a large ocean. 84) _____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
the assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct
85) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Hurricanes are no longer a threat to life and property around the globe BECAUSE improvements in technology have provided increasingly accurate forecasts and prompt evacuation. 85) _____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
the assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct
9) Which of the following statements about the movement of Earth's atmosphere is correct? 9) _____ A) A column of cool, dense air produces low pressure at the Earth's surface. B) Cold air is less dense than cool air so it tends to sink toward the Earth's surface. C) A column of warm, less dense air produces high pressure at the Earth's surface. D) Warm air is denser than cool air so it tends to sink toward the Earth's surface. E) The movement of air within the atmospheric convection cells generates the wind belts.
the movement of air within the atmospheric convection cells generates the wind belts
64) Which of the following powers tropical cyclones? 64) _____ A) A density-driven circulation that is initiated at the ocean surface by temperature and salinity. B) The vast amounts of latent heat as water evaporates and condenses. C) Heat transfer in a gas or liquid by the circulation of currents from one region to another. D) An apparent force resulting from Earth's rotation that causes particles in motion to be deflected.
the vast amounts of latent heat as water evaporates and condenses
68) A tropical cyclone with a wind speed of 190 km/hr. would be classified as Category ________ on the Saffir-Simpson Scale of hurricane intensity. 68) _____ A) One B) Two C) Three D) FourE) Five
three
11) As a result of the Coriolis effect in the northern hemisphere, winds always are deflected ________. 11) _____ A) at a 90° angle from their original direction B) at a 45° angle from their original direction C) to the left of their original direction D) to the right of their original direction E) to the east of their original direction
to the right of their original direction
14) Low latitude wind belt(s) with strong, reliable, generally easterly winds is (are) the ________. 14) _____ A) horse latitudes B) polar easterlies C) westerlies D) trade winds E) doldrums
trade winds
24) The oceanic climate region(s) where the majority of strong tropical cyclonic storms are produced is ________. 24) _____ A) polar B) temperate C) subtropical D) subpolar E) tropical
tropical
6) The lowermost portion of the atmosphere where most weather occurs is called the ________. 6) _____ A) troposphere B) upper atmosphere C) stratosphere D) tropopause E) ozone layer
troposphere
67) A tropical cyclone with a wind speed of 170 km/hr. would be classified as Category ________ on the Saffir-Simpson Scale of hurricane intensity. 67) _____ A) One B) Two C) Three D) FourE) Five
two
36) The Coriolis effect is due to changes in the ________ of Earth with latitude. 36) _____ A) temperature B) chemical composition C) pressure D) density E) velocity
velocity
63) Which of the following is not one of the names associated with huge rotating masses of low pressure characterized by strong winds and torrential rain? 63) _____ A) Hurricane B) Cyclone C) Typhoon D) Vortex
vortex
32) Which of the following parcels of air would have the lowest density? 32) _____ A) Warm dry air B) Cool moist air C) Cool dry air D) Warm moist air
warm moist air
72) The air surrounding of the eye of the hurricane is ________ air moving ________. 72) _____ A) warm moist; upwardB) cool dry; upward C) cool dry; downward D) warm moist; downward
warm moist; upward
27) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. 27) _____ A) Autumnal equinox B) Summer solstice C) Westerlies D) Vernal equinox E) Ecliptic
westerlies
16) The temperate regions are characterized by ________.16) _____ A) westerly winds B) trade winds C) easterly winds D) high pressure E) tropical cyclones
westerly winds
74) The majority of the world's tropical cyclones are formed in the waters north of the equator in the ________ Ocean. 74) _____ A) eastern Atlantic B) western Pacific C) eastern Pacific D) western Atlantic E) western Indian
western pacific
13) A tropical maritime air mass is likely to be ________. 13) _____ A) dry and cold B) wet and warm C) wet and cold D) wet and the same temperature E) dry and warm
wet and warm
