Oceanography Chapter 7, Oceans Chapter 8, Oceanography Chapter 9
Which of the following coasts is an example of a mixed tidal pattern? 66) _____ A) East Coast of The United States B) Gulf of Mexico C) West Coast of Africa D) West Coast of South America E) West Coast of The United States
West Coast of The United States
Which of the following caused the tsunami that killed 159 people in 1946?
A) Fault movement
________ waves also known as push-pull waves.
A) Longitudinal
Examine the five words and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A) Period B) Height C) Trough D) Crest E) Length
A) Period
Which type of breaker forms on moderately steep beach slopes?
A) Plunging breaker
Which type of breaker has a curling crest that moves over an air pocket?
A) Plunging breaker
Which type of breakers are the best waves for surfing?
A) Plunging breaker
Which of the following, from earliest to latest, represents the typical wave formation?
A) Sea, swell, surf
An internal wave might form ________.
A) at a density boundary within the ocean
Tidal movement, turbidity currents, wind stress, and even passing ships at the surface create ________ waves.
A) internal
Sound travels as ________ waves.
A) longitudinal
The movement of air across the ocean surface creates ________ waves.
A) ocean
Water waves are ________.
A) orbital waves
The time between two successive waves is called the ________.
A) period
The uplift or downdropping of large areas of the sea floor creates ________ waves.
A) tsunami
Waves in the surf zone begin to behave like shallow-water waves when ________.
A) water depth = wavelength/20
The horizontal distance between wave crest to crest is called the ________.
A) wavelength
The largest wind-generated waves tend to be associated with the ________.
A) westerlies
The circular motion of water molecules extends to a depth that is equal to ________.
B) wavelength/2
Waves from separate sea areas move away as swell and produce an interference pattern when they come together. If Sea A has wave heights of 2 meters and Sea B has wave heights of 5 meters, what would be the height of waves resulting from destructive interference?
C) 3 meters
Waves from separate sea areas move away as swell and produce an interference pattern when they come together. If Sea A has wave heights of 2.5 meters and Sea B has wave heights of 3.5 meters, what would be the height of waves resulting from constructive interference?
C) 6 meters
Waves from separate sea areas move away as swell and produce an interference pattern when they come together. If Sea A has wave heights of 2 meters and Sea B has wave heights of 5 meters, what would be the height of waves resulting from constructive interference?
C) 7 meters
Which of the following caused the tsunami at Krakatau in 1883?
C) Volcanic eruption
Which of the following generates most ocean waves?
C) Wind blowing across the surface
The first wave that forms when the wind begins to blow across the ocean surface is a ________.
C) capillary wave
The majority of tsunami are caused by underwater ________.
C) fault movement
The number of wave crests passing a fixed location per unit of time is called the ________.
C) wave frequency
Standing waves may be caused by ________.
C) wave reflection
The ratio of wave height to wavelength is called the ________.
C) wave steepness
The longer the ________, the faster a deep-water wave travels.
C) wavelength
Most ocean waves form as a result of ________.
C) winds blowing across the ocean surface
Waves from separate sea areas move away as swell and produce an interference pattern when they come together. If Sea A has wave heights of 2.5 meters and Sea B has wave heights of 3.5 meters, what would be the height of waves resulting from destructive interference?
D) 1 meter
What is the speed in meters per second of a deep water wave with a wavelength of 6.5 meters?
D) 3.19 meters per second
Which of the following caused the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004?
D) Fault movement
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A) Wind B) Gravity wave C) Capillary wave D) Internal wave E) Sea or sea area
D) Internal Wave
Which of the following is the least frequent cause of a tsunami in recent centuries?
D) Meteorite impacts
Board surfers tend to avoid which type of breaker because they break right at the shoreline?
D) Surging breaker
Which type of breaker forms waves the present the greatest challenge to body surfers?
D) Surging breaker
Which type of breaker forms when the ocean bottom has an abrupt slope?
D) Surging breaker
Which type of breaker forms when the waves build up and break right at the shoreline?
D) Surging breaker
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A) Surging breaker B) Spilling breaker C) Surf D) Swell E) Plunging breaker
D) Swell
Waves that are breaking along the shore and are forming a curling crest over an air pocket are called ________.
D) plunging breakers
Constructive interference results in larger waves whereas destructive interference produces ________.
D) smaller waves
Waves that are moving faster than local wind and are sorted out by wavelength are called ________.
D) swell
A tsunami may result from ________.
D) tectonic activity on the seafloor
The fetch refers to ________.
D) the distance over which the wind blows without interruption
The low parts of the waves are called ________.
D) troughs
The speed of a shallow-water wave is proportional to ________.
D) water depth
The depth below the surface where the circular orbits become so small that movement is negligible is called the ________.
D) wave base
The time it takes one full wave to pass a fixed position is called the ________.
D) wave period
Waves converge on headlands due to ________.
D) wave refraction
In shallow-water waves the water depth is less than the ________ divided by twenty.
D) wavelength
The ________ of the Moon determines the position of the tidal bulges on Earth. 56) _____ A) apogee B) declination C) perihelion D) ecliptic E) syzygy
declination
The angular distance of the Sun or the Moon above or below the Earth's equatorial plane is called the ________. 15) _____ A) perihelion B) declination C) apogee D) ecliptic E) syzygy
declination
An increase in seawater density can be caused by a ________ in temperature or a/an ________ in salinity.
decrease; increase
Compared to an eastern boundary current in a gyre, which of the following statements is true for a western boundary current?
deeper currents, increased current velocity, warmer water, and narrower current are all true of western boundary currents
Thermohaline circulation is driven by ________.
density differences
Deep ocean currents are driven primarily by ________ and caused by ________.
density differences; differences in salinity and temperature
Grunion spawning patterns have evolved to take advantage of ________ associated with tides. 73) _____ A) water temperatures B) whirlpools and maelstroms C) deposition and erosion D) nutrient rich water E) gravitational attractions
deposition and erosion
Spring tide occurs about ________. 12) _____ A) twice per year B) once per year C) once per month D) twice per month E) once per season
twice per month
About what percent of the wind's energy is transferred to the ocean surface?
two
Which of the following is true of surface water circulation near Antarctica?
two circumpolar currents dominate it, one current that moves water to the east and one current that moves water to the west
An area that experiences semidiurnal tides will have ________. 19) _____ A) one high tide and two low tides daily B) two unequal low and high tides daily C) two high tides and two low tides of nearly equal height daily D) one low tide and two high tides daily E) one high tide and one low tide daily
two high tides and two low tides of nearly equal height daily
Surface waters are pushed away from land and replaced by nutrient-rich deep water through ________.
upwelling
Diverging surface waters are areas of ________ and ________ productivity.
upwelling; high
The Bay of Fundy is well known for which tidal characteristic? 24) _____ A) A diurnal tide B) Very low tidal range C) Two amphidromic points D) Very large seiche E) Very high tidal range
very high tidal range
Maximum tides occur once every ________ years when Earth is closest to the Sun, the Moon is closest to the Earth and the Earth-Moon-Sun system is aligned. 61) _____ A) 3300 B) 160 C) 16000 D) 1600 E) 16
1600
A full lunar tidal cycle is ________. 8) _____ A) 24 hours and 50 minutes in duration B) 48 hours in duration C) 24 hours in duration D) 12 hours 25 minutes in duration E) 12 hours in duration
24 hours and 50 minutes in duration
The 24-unit tidal power plant at the La Race River estuary in France can generate, at peak operating capacity, enough electricity to power about ________ average U.S. homes. 77) _____ A) 50,000 B) 60,000 C) 30,000 D) 40,000 E) 24,000
60,000
On average how many vessels of all size are reported missing each year without a trace?
A) 1,000
A deep-water wave occurs when the water depth is equal to at least ________.
A) 1/2 of the wavelength
What is the speed in meters per second of a deep water wave with a wavelength of 3.5 meters?
A) 2.34 meters per second
What is the speed in meters per second of a deepwater wave with a wavelength of 5 meters?
A) 2.8 meters per second
In the open ocean, 1 wave in ________ will be over twice the height of the wave average.
A) 23
Rogue waves are created along the "Wild Coast" off the southeast coast of ________, where the Agulhas Current flows directly against large Antarctic storm waves.
A) Africa
The arrangement of water masses in the southern Atlantic Ocean from the surface to the bottom is ________.
Antarctic intermediate water, north Atlantic deep water, antarctic bottom water
In the open ocean, 1 wave in ________ will be three times as high as the height of the wave average.
B) 1175
What is the speed in meters per second of a deep water wave with a wavelength of 4 meters?
B) 2.5 meters per second
Waves from separate sea areas move away as swell and produce an interference pattern when they come together. If Sea A and Sea B have wave heights of 3 meters, what would be the height of waves resulting from constructive interference?
B) 6 meters
________ waves also known as interface waves.
B) Orbital
A vast majority of all large tsunami are generated in the ________ Ocean.
B) Pacific
Examine the five words and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A) Progressive B) Spilling C) Longitudinal D) Orbital E) Transverse
B) Spilling
Which type of breaker has a longer life span and give surfers a longer ride than other breakers?
B) Spilling breaker
Which type of breaker is a turbulent mass of air and water that runs down the front slope of the wave as it breaks?
B) Spilling breaker
Which type of breaker results from a gently sloped ocean bottom, which gradually extracts energy from the wave over an extended distance and produces breakers with low overall energy?
B) Spilling breaker
If a surfer wishes to have a really long ride, what type of wave should he or she look for?
B) Spilling breakers
Which of the following caused the anomalously large tsunami in Papua New Guinea in 1998?
B) Underwater landslide
Refraction causes headlands to be areas of ________ surfing and sites of ________.
B) good; erosion
As a wave begins to feel bottom near a shoreline, its wave height ________.
B) increases and its wavelength decreases
Waves at the ocean surface are ________ waves.
B) orbital
Refraction causes bays, near headlands, to be areas of________surfing and sites of________.
B) poor; deposition
A tsunami is considered to be a ________.
B) shallow-water wave
Large icebergs that fall from coastal glaciers create ________ waves.
B) splash
The diameter of a wave orbital at the surface is equal to ________.
B) wave height
The ratio of wave height to wavelength is called the ________.
B) wave steepness
Wave speed of deep-water waves depends only on ________.
B) wavelength
Wave celerity is equal to ________.
B) wavelength divided by period
Waves from separate sea areas move away as swell and produce an interference pattern when they come together. If Sea A and Sea B have wave heights of 3 meters, what would be the height of waves resulting from destructive interference?
E) 0 meters
What is the speed in meters per second of a deep water wave with a wavelength of 1.5 meters?
E) 1.53 meters per second
On average how many supertankers or containerships are reported missing each year without a trace?
E) 10
Waves from separate sea areas move away as swell and produce an interference pattern when they come together. If Sea A has wave heights of 1.5 meters and Sea B has wave heights of 3.5 meters, what would be the height of waves resulting from destructive interference?
E) 2 meters
What is the speed in meters per second of a deep water wave with a wavelength of 3 meters?
E) 2.17 meters per second
Waves from separate sea areas move away as swell and produce an interference pattern when they come together. If Sea A has wave heights of 1.5 meters and Sea B has wave heights of 3.5 meters, what would be the height of waves resulting from constructive interference?
E) 5 meters
Which of the following are unlikely to generate a tsunami?
E) Transform fault
________ waves also known as side-to-side waves.
E) Transverse
Ripple like clouds in the sky are an example of ________ waves.
E) atmospheric
The height of a wave depends upon ________.
E) fetch, wind duration, and wind speed
In general, the restoring force for most wind-generated waves is ________.
E) gravity
Energy travels at right angles to the direction of the vibrating particles in ________ waves.
E) transverse
Generally, ________ waves transmit energy only through solids.
E) transverse
The slight forward movement caused by the circular orbit of waves is called ________.
E) wave drift
The vertical distance between a wave crest and a wave trough is called the ________.
E) wave height
An unintended consequence of the jetty that protects the harbor entrance at Newport Harbor, California is a wave pattern that has crippled and killed many body surfers due to ________.
E) wave reflection
In deep-water waves the water depth is greater than the ________ divided by two.
E) wavelength
The speed of a deep-water wave is proportional to ________.
E) wavelength
Rogue waves tend to occur ________.
E) where storm waves move against strong surface currents
Which of the following statements about Grunion is correct? 42) _____ A) Grunion spawn on the three or four nights prior to the highest spring high tide. B) Grunion are similar to salmon in that they return to their stream of birth to spawn. C) Grunion are the only marine fish that comes completely out of water to spawn. D) Fertilized grunion eggs are ready to hatch about twenty days after spawning. E) Grunion count on the highest spring high tide to bury their eggs with sand.
Grunion are the only marine fish that comes completely out of water to spawn.
The movement of sea water at a pynocline creates ________ waves.
Internal
Identify the mismatched pair from the choices below. A) Canary Current, Gulf Stream B) Kuroshio Current, California Current C) Agulhas Current, West Australia Current D) Brazil Current, Benguela Current E) Labrador Current, Humboldt Current
Labrador current, humboldt current
Which of the following best explains why there is a difference between a lunar day and a solar day? 35) _____ A) The Moon must rotate an additional 50 minutes to catch up to Earth. B) During one Earth rotation, the Moon has continued orbiting Earth. C) The solar day and lunar day are measured from different meridians. D) The tide-generating forces of the Sun and Moon are working at right angles. E) The Sun has a stronger pull on the larger Earth versus the smaller Moon.
The Moon must rotate an additional 50 minutes to catch up to Earth.
Which of the following statements comparing a tidal power electricity-generating with a conventional thermal power plant is correct? 80) _____ A) The initial cost of building a tidal power electricity-generating plant may are lower. B) Tidal power initially requires fossil or nuclear fuels to get started. C) The periodicity of the tides is an advantage of a tidal power electricity-generating plant. D) The operating costs of a tidal power electricity-generating plant are lower. E) Conventional thermal power is considered a cleaner and renewable resource.
The operating costs of a tidal power electricity-generating plant are lower.
Which of the following statements comparing a tidal power electricity-generating with a conventional thermal power plant is correct? 43) _____ A) The operating costs of a tidal power electricity-generating plant are higher. B) Tidal power initially requires fossil or nuclear fuels to get started. C) Tidal power is considered a cleaner and renewable resource. D) The initial cost of building a tidal power electricity-generating plant may are lower. E) The periodicity of the tides is an advantage of a tidal power electricity-generating plant.
Tidal power is considered a cleaner and renewable resource.
Which of the following coasts is an example of a semidiurnal tidal pattern? 67) _____ A) Southwest Coast of South America B) West Coast of Africa C) Gulf of Mexico D) Pacific coast of Asia E) West Coast of The United States
West coast of africa
The barycenter follows ________. 2) _____ A) a pattern that parallels the Moon's orbit B) the Earth's declination C) a wavy path around the Sun D) a path that is perpendicular to the Earth's ecliptic E) a smooth orbit around the Sun
a smooth orbit around the sun
The maximum tidal currents are reported ________. 26) _____ A) at low tide B) about half way between high and low tides C) during neap tides D) at high tide E) in the intertidal zone
about half way between high and low tides
Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents directly?
accidental spills from container ships
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A) California Current B) Canary Current C) Benguela Current D) West Australian Current E) Agulhas Current
agulhas current
Western intensification causes ________.
all of the choices are the result of westward intensitification
The center of an open ocean tidal system is called a/an ________. 18) _____ A) rotary center B) cotidal center C) amphidromic point D) seiche E) tidal flux
amphidromic point
The main current in Antarctic waters is the ________ Current.
antarctic circumpolar
Which of the following is the only current that completely circumscribes Earth?
antarctic circumpolar
When the Earth is at its greatest distance from the Sun, it is said to be at ________. 16) _____ A) perigee B) apogee C) perihelion D) proxigean E) aphelion
aphelion
In the United States, semidiurnal tides commonly occur along the ________. 22) _____ A) Pacific coast B) Gulf of Alaska C) Florida Keys D) Atlantic coast E) Gulf of Mexico coast
atlantic coast
The center of mass of the Earth-Moon system is called the ________. 1) _____ A) perihelion B) barycenter C) perigee D) aphelion E) apogee
barycenter
Which of the following produces a tidal current? 28) _____ A) Flood tide B) Both neap tides and spring tides C) Both ebb tides and flood tides D) Spring tide E) Ebb tide
both ebb tides and flood tides
Which of the following is a western boundary current?
brazil current
Compared to western boundary currents, eastern boundary currents are ________.
broad and slow
In the open ocean, 1 in ___ will be four times as high as the height of the wave average.
c) 300,000
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A) California Current B) Gulf Stream C) North Atlantic Current D) Canary Current E) North Equatorial Current
california current
Which of the following currents contributes to the South Western United States being arid?
california current
The ________ force pulls an orbiting body toward the center of that orbit. 3) _____ A) tidal B) gravitational C) centripetal D) magnetic E) amphidromic
centripetal
When a meander from the Gulf Stream pinches off and isolates a body of water within the North Atlantic gyre, the body of water is called a ________.
cold core ring
The high parts of waves are called ___.
crests
Which of the following statements concerning tides is correct? 29) _____ A) Mixed tides are a tidal pattern in which there are two high and low tides daily of approximately equal tidal heights. B) Semidiurnal tides are a tidal pattern in which there are two high tides and two low tides per lunar day, one high tide higher than the other. C) Diurnal tides are a tidal pattern in which there is one high tide and one low tide in a lunar day. D) At perigee, tidal ranges are minimized. E) Neap tides occur when the solar tide and the lunar tides are additive, producing the highest high tide and lower low tides
diurnal tides are a tidal pattern in which there is one high tide and one low tide in a lunar day
Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents indirectly?
doppler flow meters
Converging surface waters are areas of ________ and ________ productivity.
downwelling; low
The California Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?
easter boundary current
The Benguela Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?
eastern boundary current
The Canary Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?
eastern boundary current
The Peru (Humboldt) Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?
eastern boundary current
The West Australian Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?
eastern boundary current
Water flowing out of an enclosed basin due to the tides is called a/an ________. 25) _____ A) neap tide B) flood current C) spring tide D) tidal bore E) ebb current
ebb current
Coastal winds can cause upwelling or downwelling due to which of the following?
ekman transport
The observation that ships and icebergs in the southern hemisphere float to the left of the wind direction is an example of which of the following?
ekman transport
The North Equatorial Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?
equatorial current
The South Equatorial Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?
equatorial current
During winter months, monsoon winds over the Indian Ocean ________.
flow from land to sea and are dry
Which of the following methods are used to measure deep ocean currents directly?
free-drifting argo floats
Which type of current flow moves in a circular path around a subtropical convergence, reflecting Ekman transport, gravity, and the Coriolis effect?
geostrophic circulation
The attraction between Earth and the Moon is an example of ________ force. 36) _____ A) magnetic B) resultant C) gravitational D) tectonic E) electrical
gravitational
Geostrophic circulation within a gyre is driven by ________.
gravity and the Coriolis effect
Deep-water circulation brings dense, cold, oxygen-rich water from the surface to the deep ocean because of ________.
greater dissolution of oxygen in colder water than warmer water
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A) South Pacific B) North Atlantic C) South Atlantic D) Gulf of Alaska E) Indian
gulf of alaska
Which of the following coasts is an example of a diurnal tidal pattern? 64) _____ A) East Coast of The United States B) Gulf of Mexico C) West Coast of Africa D) West Coast of South America E) West Coast of The United States
gulf of mexico
Which of the following currents contributes to the South Eastern United States being humid?
gulf stream
Which of the following is NOT an eastern boundary current?
gulf stream
A spring tide ________. 11) _____ A) has very high high tides and very low low tides B) occurs at the vernal equinox C) has very little difference between high and low tides D) has moderate high and low tides E) occurs at a blue moon
has very high tides and very low low tides
If the side of the Earth that faces the Moon experiences a high tide, then the side of the Earth that is opposite from the Moon will have a ________. 7) _____ A) low tide B) neap tide C) proxigean tide D) spring tide E) high tide
high tide
Compared to Antarctic Bottom Water, North Atlantic Deep Water is ________.
higher in salinity
Which of the following currents is responsible for Peru becoming the largest producer of fish, from the sea, in the world?
humboldt current
The tide-generating force varies ________. 5) _____ A) directly with the square of the distance between the objects B) inversely with the cube of the distance between the objects C) directly with the square of the distances of the objects divided by the product of the masses D) inversely with the square of the distance between the objects E) directly with the cube of the distance between the objects
inversely with the cube of distance between the objects
In order to keep up with the tidal force of the Moon, the tidal bulge waveform moves across Earth's oceans at a speed of about 1,600 ________ per hour. 59) _____ A) centimeters B) kilometers C) meters D) miles E) fantoms
kilometers
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A) Density-driven circulation B) Antarctic Bottom Water C) North Atlantic Deep Water D) Kuroshio Current E) Thermohaline circulation
kuroshio current
Deep-water currents move ________ volumes of water and are much ________ than surface currents.
larger; slower
Compared with a solar day, a lunar day is ________. 9) _____ A) twice the length of a solar day B) longer than a solar day C) shorter than a solar day D) equal to a solar day E) half the length of a solar day
longer than a solar day
The most common tidal pattern around the world are ________. 21) _____ A) semidiurnal tides B) spring tides C) diurnal tides D) proxigean tides E) mixed tides
mixed tides
The minimum tidal range happens during ________ tides. 40) _____ A) fall B) neap C) spring D) summer E) winter
neap
There is destructive interference between the lunar and solar tidal bulges during ________ tides. 41) _____ A) fall B) neap C) spring D) summer E) winter
neap
The Sargasso Sea is the water that circulates around the rotation center of the ________ gyre.
north atlantic
The North Atlantic Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?
northern boundary current
The North Pacific Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?
northern boundary current
The Maelstrom off the coast of ________ is one of the strongest whirlpools in the world. 71) _____ A) Norway B) Canada C) Italy D) Scotland E) Japan
norway
An area that experiences diurnal tides will have ________. 20) _____ A) two unequal low and high tides daily B) two high tides and two low tides of nearly equal height daily C) one high tide and two low tides daily D) one low tide and two high tides daily E) one high tide and one low tide daily
one high tide and one low tide daily
Ocean surface currents transfer about ________ of the total amount of heat from the tropics to the poles.
one-third
Tidal ranges will be greatest when the Earth and the Moon are at ________. 17) _____ A) apogee B) perihelion C) perigee D) aphelion E) proxigean
perigee
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A) Somali Current B) Peru Current C) Gulf Stream D) Kuroshio Current E) North Equatorial Current
peru current
Warm currents flowing ________ on the ________ sides of continents produce warm, humid conditions.
poleward; eastern
Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents indirectly?
pressure gradients
Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents directly?
propeller flow meters
Which of the following rivers has the largest tidal bores in the world? 68) _____ A) Amazon B) Qiantang C) Mississippi D) Mekon E) Thames
qiantang
Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents indirectly?
radar altimeters
Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents directly? A) Anchored buoys B) Radar altimeters C) Doppler flow meters D) Radio-transmitting float bottles E) Pressure gradients
radio-transmitting float bottles
The difference between centripetal forces and gravitational forces is called the ________. 4) _____ A) resultant force B) diurnal force C) solar force D) dynamic force E) tidal force
resultant force
Whirlpools can be created in some restricted shallow passages due to ________. 72) _____ A) wave refraction B) tsunamis or tidal waves C) reversing tidal currents D) a vertically mixed estuary E) tidal bores up low-lying rivers
reversing tidal currents
Which of the following existing or proposed tidal power plants would, upon completion, produce the most electricity? 76) _____ A) Severn Estuary B) La Race River C) Sihwa Lake D) Cook Inlet E) Annapolis River
severn estuary
If you are standing at 28 degrees north latitude, you will experience a high tide when the Moon is directly overhead. When will low tide occur? 57) _____ A) Twelve solar hours later B) Twenty-four lunar hours later C) Six lunar hours later D) Twelve lunar hours later E) Six solar hours later
six lunar hours later
Between summer and winter, which of the following currents reverses its flow direction?
somali current
Which of the following Atlantic Subtropical gyre boundary currents is split into two by a large landmass?
south equatorial current
Coastal upwelling along the coast of Chile is a result of winds from the ________ turning towards the ________ due to Ekman transport.
south; left
The West Wind Drift is an example of which of the following types of currents?
southern boundary current
The maximum tidal range happens during ________ tides. 39) _____ A) fall B) neap C) spring D) summer E) winter
spring
There is constructive interference between the lunar and solar tidal bulges during ________ tides. 38) _____ A) fall B) neap C) spring D) summer E) winter
spring
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A) decreased fish stock in coastal Peru B) Peruvian upwelling stops C) flooding rains in southeastern United States D) Australian drought E) strong trade winds
strong trade winds
The observation of a hill of water within all subtropical gyres is an example of which of the following?
subtropical convergence
Which of the following is not a source of deep water in the ocean?
subtropical convergence
Which of the following statements is true of surface ocean currents?
surface currents form circular patterns in the major ocean basins called 'gyres'
In a bay experiencing a mixed tidal pattern, which of the following represents the highest ebb or flood velocity? 70) _____ A) The flood current between the lower low water tide and the lower low water tide B) The few minutes during the highest high slack water C) The ebb current between the lower high water tide and the higher low water tide D) The flood current between the higher low water tide and the higher low water tide E) The ebb current between the higher high water tide and the lower low water tide
the ebb current between the higher high water tide and the lower low water tide
Which of the following statements comparing a tidal power electricity-generating with a conventional thermal power plant is correct? 79) _____ A) Conventional thermal power is considered a cleaner and renewable resource. B) The periodicity of the tides is an advantage of a tidal power electricity-generating plant. C) The operating costs of a tidal power electricity-generating plant are higher. D) The initial cost of building a tidal power electricity-generating plant may are higher. E) Tidal power initially requires fossil or nuclear fuels to get started.
the initial cost of building a tidal power electricity-generating plant are higher
In the United States, mixed tides commonly occur along ________. 23) _____ A) Cape Cod B) the Gulf of Mexico coast C) the Atlantic coast D) the Pacific coast E) the Florida Keys
the pacific coast
The El Niño Southern Oscillation can best be described as ________.
the relationship between sea surface temperature and changing atmospheric pressure
The Ekman spiral is caused by ________.
the wind and the Coriolis effect
The vertical difference between consecutive high and low tides is called the ________. 10) _____ A) tidal height B) tidal bore C) tidal range D) flood tide E) ebb tide
tidal range
The force that creates two simultaneous ocean bulges on opposite sides of Earth, directed toward or away from the Moon, is called the ________ force. 37) _____ A) tide-generating B) zenith C) barycentric D) nadir E) oceanographic
tide-generating
If the resultant force has a significant horizontal component (tangential to Earth's surface), it produces tidal bulges on Earth, creating what are known as ________. 6) _____ A) tide-generating forces B) centripetal forces C) solar bulges D) resultant forces E) lunar bulges
tide-generating forces
In the southern hemisphere, the direction of Ekman transport is always ________.
to the left of the wind direction
Cold currents flowing ________ on the ________ sides of continents produce arid conditions.
toward the equator; western
Equatorial currents are driven by the ________.
trade winds
A neap tide has ________. 13) _____ A) very high tidal range B) moderately high tidal range C) no tidal range D) very low tidal range E) moderately low tidal range
very low tidal range
The Full Moon is immediately followed by the ________ phase of the Lunar Cycle. 54) _____ A) Waning gibbous B) Waxing gibbous C) Waning crescent D) New Moon E) Waxing crescent
waning gibbous
The New Moon is immediately followed by the ________ phase of the Lunar Cycle. 55) _____ A) Waning gibbous B) Waxing crescent C) Waxing gibbous D) Waning crescent E) Full Moon
waxing crescent
Which of the following coasts has both semidiurnal and mixed tidal patterns? 65) _____ A) East Coast of The United States B) Gulf of Mexico C) West Coast of Africa D) West Coast of South America E) West Coast of The United States
west coast of South America
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is also known as which of the following?
west wind drift
The Agulhas Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?
western boundary current
The Brazil Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?
western boundary current
The East Australian Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?
western boundary current
The Gulf Stream is an example of which of the following types of currents?
western boundary current
The Kuroshio (Japan) Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?
western boundary current
Which subtropical boundary current is faster, narrower and deeper than its counterparts?
western boundary current
The observation that one subtropical boundary current is faster, narrower, and deeper than its counterparts is an example of which of the following?
western intensification
Neap tides occur ________. 14) _____ A) at summer and winter solstice B) when the Sun is at perihelion or aphelion C) when the Moon is in quadrature D) when the Moon is full or new E) during a storm surge
when the moon is in quadrature
A tidal current can produce a rapidly spinning body of water called a vortex or ________. 27) _____ A) shoal B) whirlpool C) flood current D) ebb current E) tidal bore
whirlpool
Surface ocean currents are driven primarily by ________ and modified by ________.
wind; the Coriolis effect and land
A blue moon occurs once every few ________. 58) _____ A) months B) centuries C) generations D) decades E) years
years