Oceanography Cp.5

Which property of water causes coastal communities to have only moderate differences in daily highs and lows when compared to inland communities?

High heat capacity

An area of the ocean where a rapid change in ocean density occurs with a change in depth is the ________.

pycnocline

The average salinity of typical seawater is ________.

3.5%

Which of the following processes causes sea surface salinity to increase near the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn?

Evaporation

The amount of energy that is necessary to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius is the definition of ________.

calorie

Latent heat is the quantity of heat gained or lost as a substance undergoes a ________.

change in state

Which of the following statements regarding pH is true?

pH relates to relative acid-base ion balance in a solution.

Which of the following processes increases seawater salinity?

Evaporation

Which of the following occurs at the same temperature as the freezing point?

Melting point

Which of the following methods cannot be used to desalinate water?

Osmosis

Which of the following statements comparing covalent and hydrogen bonding is correct?

Stronger covalent bonds occur within water molecules and weaker hydrogen bonds form between adjacent water molecules.

Which of the following best defines heat capacity?

The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree Celsius.

The density curve for high latitudes shows ________ density at the surface and ________ density at depth.

decreased, increased

As the salinity of seawater increases, its ________.

density increases

In comparison to most other liquids, the heat capacity of liquid water is ________.

higher than other liquids

The transfer of water between the atmosphere, the oceans, and the continents is known as the ________.

hydrologic cycle

Many of the unique properties of water are attributed to the fact that water ________.

is a polar molecule

Hydrogen bonds form between neighboring water molecules because of ________.

the polarity of water molecules

The Principle of Constant Proportions states that ________.

the relative concentrations of the major ions in seawater does not change