organizational behavior test 2
Which of the following are characteristics of a workplace characterized by too much conflict? -lack of teamwork -eroding performance -lack of creativity -dissatisfaction
lack of teamwork eroding performance dissatisfaction
What are practical ways to build trust in interpersonal relationships within an organization? -Demonstrate good business sense, technical ability, and professionalism. -Share information only with those who need to know instead of with the whole team. -Keep team members informed by providing information on policies and giving accurate feedback. -Be realistic about commitments and deliver quality work on time.
Demonstrate good business sense, technical ability, and professionalism. Keep team members informed by providing information on policies and giving accurate feedback. Be realistic about commitments and deliver quality work on time.
Which of the following actions are needed to be empathetic? -using observations about others' feelings in communications with them -noticing others' emotions -remaining neutral in all forms of communication -practicing techniques for overcoming personal defensiveness
using observations about others' feelings in communications with them noticing others' emotions
Incivility is any form of socially harmful behavior and it includes such actions as:
aggression harassment bullying
What method of dispute resolution is less expensive and more constructive than traditional approaches?
alternative dispute resolution
The tool for creating programmed conflict that appoints a member of the group as a critic is
devil's advocacy
What are some tips for sparking creativity?
doing "nothing" lying on the beach taking a walk
Level 2 Listening
ears, eyes, heart, undivided attention
According to behavioral styles theory, leader behavior is more important than leader traits when it comes to _______.
effectiveness
Collections of individuals with low dependency on one another are known as ______, whereas _____ are collectively responsible for their performance.
groups; teams
The phenomenon that occurs when people who are members of a cohesive in-group so strive for unanimity that they fail to realistically appraise alternative courses of action is called ____
groupthink
The process of actively decoding and interpreting verbal messages is
listening
When a listener takes the time to decode and interpret a verbal message, this process is called:
listening
The theory which states that leader behaviors are effective when employees view them as a source of satisfaction or as a way to future satisfaction is called ____-____ theory.
path-goal
Which theory states that leader behaviors are effective when employees see them as a source of satisfaction?
path-goal
Plans that outline exactly what the team is to do such as goal setting and defining member roles are team ____ strategies
performance
The discretion and the means to enforce one's will over others is called
power
The Reina Model is used to restore ____ when it has been compromised.
trust
4 stages of nonrational decision making
1. Identify the problem or opportunity 2. Generate alternative solutions 3. Evaluate alternatives and select a solution 4. Implement and evaluate the solution chosen
List the creative performance behaviors in sequence
1. problem formulation/definition 2. preparation/information gathering 3. idea generation 4. idea evaluation/validation
List the steps in the communication process in order with the first step at the top of the list.
1. sender encodes a message 2. message is transmitted through a medium 3. receiver decodes the message 4. receiver sends feedback through a medium
What are some characteristics of people with the conceptual decision making style?
A broad perspective They rely on intuition A long-term perspective
Legitimate power
Based on position or formal authority as granted by the organization or perceived by target
Why is the establishment of a positive vision of the future essential for applying transformational leadership?
Communicating the vision promotes endorsement. The vision represents long-term goals. Leaders can influence others by gaining consensus of the vision.
Why should conflict not be avoided?
Conflict will not go away even if avoided. Conflict can escalate even if avoided. Conflict avoidance can lead to the loss of a promotion.
Reward power
Control over the ability to promise or grant some type of reward
Coercive power
Control over the ability to use threats or some type of actual punishment
What is true about emotional intelligence and leadership?
Emotional intelligence helps people lead; however, it does not solve all problems. Emotional intelligence helps people with transformational leadership.
What are some of the managerial implications of transformational leadership?
Establishment of a positive vision of the future provides a long-term goal for the organization and its staff. Effective leaders rely on task-oriented and relationship-oriented behaviors. Transformational leadership behavior works for geographically dispersed people, such as those working virtually.
What are the forms of power you possess independent of your job or position in an organization?
Expert power Referent power
Rank Tuckman's five stages of group development.
FSNPA: forming storming norming performing adjourning
In order to be successful decision makers, what should managers do?
Identify decision-making styles and build on strengths. Spark creativity among employees. Train employees to conduct effective brainstorming.
Which of the following statements about informal groups are true? -Informal groups are based on friendship. -Informal groups are assigned by managers. -Informal groups are formed by members who share a common interest. -Informal groups work to achieve specific organizational goals.
Informal groups are based on friendship. Informal groups are formed by members who share a common interest.
In which of the following situations, can punctuated equilibrium occur? (Check all that apply.) -Innovation -An inciting event -Limited knowledge -Team building
Innovation An inciting event
Which of the following are reasons one should avoid dysfunctional conflict? -It can grow worse with time. -It can only be resolved professionally. -It can lead to broken relationships. -It can affect your job.
It can grow worse with time. It can lead to broken relationships. It can affect your job.
Avoiding conflict is desirable when it does what?
It gives you more time to gather facts. It provides you with a way to change the setting of the conflict. It allows you to refocus.
Daniel Kahneman describes two types of thinking in his book Thinking, Fast and Slow. Why is System 1 "fast"?
It is automatic. It relies on mental shortcuts. It is instinctive.
KSA's that an individual with teamwork competencies have
Knowledge, skills and abilities
What describe the behavioral styles theory of leadership?
Leader behaviors can be improved and developed Leader behavior is more important than traits There is no one best style of leadership
Team definition
Limited number of people with complementary skills, who are committed to a common purpose performance goals and approach, and they hold themselves mutually accountable
What must leaders do for their employees, according to path-goal theory?
Link rewards to goals. Provide guidance. Reduce roadblocks.
In contrast to a group, what are characteristics of a team? -Members consist of ten or more individuals. -Members meet on a regular basis for social activities. -Members are accountable for their collective performance. -Members depend on each other.
Members are accountable for their collective performance. Members depend on each other.
resistance
People can simply be indifferent, be passive-aggressive, or actively resist to the extent of purposefully undermining you or even sabotaging your efforts. The degree and form of resistance thus matters
contractual trust
People do what they say they will do and make their expectations clear.
Robert Cialdini's research identified six principles for influencing people. What ideas were these principles based on?
People have fundamental responses to influence attempts. If your efforts align with the fundamental responses, your influence increases.
competence trust
People meet their responsibilities and acknowledge others' skills and experience
communication trust
People share information and tell the truth.
Referent power
Power of one's personality, sometimes called charisma
Bernard Bass associated which behaviors with leaders?
Rallying employees around a common goal Creating vision and strategic plans Inspiring others
9 generic influence tactics
Rational persuasion Inspirational appeals Consultation Personal appeals Exchange Coalition tactics Pressure Legitimizing tactics
Which of the following are types of task interdependence? (Check all that apply.) -Reciprocal -Pooled -Sequential -Committed
Reciprocal Pooled Sequential
four types of task interdependence
Reciprocal Pooled Sequential Comprehensive
When working in a virtual environment, how can people reduce ambiguity?
Share information. Provide examples. Create accountability.
Expert power
Sharing of or possession of special knowledge of important information
What helps transfer authority and responsibilities from management to employees?
Structural empowerment
Systems Model of Change short answer
The model has 4 main components: •Inputs •Strategic plans •Target elements of change •Outputs
commitment
Those that are committed "drink the Kool-Aid". They believe in the cause and often go above and beyond to assure its success
compliance
Those that comply do only what is expected, nothing more. They do what is required and exert no extra effort and provide no extra input
Which of the following statements are true about the characteristics of virtual teams? -Virtual team members work across time, space, and organizational boundaries. -Virtual team members do not have problems communicating or working together. -Virtual teams may utilize talent more efficiently than in traditional office settings. -Virtual team members are connected using various technologies.
Virtual team members work across time, space, and organizational boundaries. Virtual teams may utilize talent more efficiently than in traditional office settings. Virtual team members are connected using various technologies.
Position power, which includes legitimate, reward, and coercive power, is power that is connected with what?
a job within an organization
What type of team is assembled to tackle a particular project, problem, or task?
a project team
A problem occurs when there is a gap between a(n)____ and a(n)____ situation.
actual; desired
What method of handling conflict uses an independent third party and avoids the costs of litigation and unilateral decision making?
alternative dispute resolution (ADR)
People who have a high tolerance for ambiguity and overanalyze a situation have the ____ decision-making style.
analytical
Characteristics of the rational decision-making model include the assumption that managers:
are objective possess all information needed to make the best decision
What is a form of computing that allows machines to perform cognitive functions similar to the way humans do?
artificial intelligence (AI)
Formal group
assigned and supported by organizations to accomplish specific goals
How do virtual teams overcome the ambiguity created by a lack of face-to-face interaction?
by sharing information
How can an individual or group avoid making mistakes in the decision-making process?
by understanding judgmental heuristics by reviewing past biases and influences by examining past decisions
Which of the following are key elements to punctuated equilibrium? -rewards -change -time -social loafing
change time
A form of interpersonal attraction that inspires acceptance, devotion, and enthusiasm is called
charisma
Select the four basic skills for leaders, according to your text.
cognitive abilities business skills interpersonal skills strategic skills
The sense of "we-ness" that overrides individual differences and motives in a group is
cohesiveness
Group influence brings individuals into the social fabric of an organization by: -communicating role expectations -reducing productivity -communicating norms -focusing on social activities
communicating role expectations communicating norms
Leader behavior associated with creating mutual respect or trust with a focus on group members' needs and desires is called:
consideration
Functional conflict is also referred to as
constructive or cooperative conflict
Which of the following are characteristics of functional conflict? -a focus on personal traits -consultative interactions -attention to the issues -mutual respect
consultative interactions attention to the issues mutual respect
The joint novelty and usefulness of a product or service as judged by others is:
creative outcome effectiveness
The process of producing new and useful ideas concerning products, services, processes, and procedures is
creativity
The failure to correct misperceptions or conceal the negotiator's own position or circumstance such as a conflict of interest is
deception
The way an individual perceives stimuli and the general manner in which he or she responds to it is a(n) ____-____ style.
decision-making
What are likely outcomes of HR policies and procedures that do not manage incivility?
decreased job performance anger and fear damaged reputations
When people believe they are being attacked or threatened, they become
defensive
Which of the following types of behavior is exhibited when people believe that they are being attacked or threatened?
defensive & passive-aggressive
The ability to manage oneself and one's relationships in a mature and constructive way is called
emotional intelligence
The management practice that enhances employee performance, well-being, and positive attitudes is
empowerment
The process of conscientiously using the best available data when making managerial decisions is ____-____ decision making
evidence-based
According to the Reina Model for rebuilding trust, it is important to discuss feelings and emotions constructively before reframing the ____ and taking ____ for what happened. (Enter one word in each blank.)
experiences; responsibility
Bounded rationality is the idea that decision makers:
face various restrictions when making decisions
Groupthink can result in decisions that:
fail to realistically evaluate alternative options maintain the cohesiveness of the group lack moral judgment
True or false: An assumption of the nonrational decision making models is that managers possess all of the information needed to make optimal decisions.
false
True or false: Because of collaboration, teams are generally less effective than the individuals who make up the team.
false
Workers who meet regularly to discuss ways to improve product quality are in a(n) ____ group.
formal
During the ____ stage of group development, members are likely to be uncertain about the group's leaders and goals.
forming
How can artificial intelligence (AI) help managers enhance business operations?
gaining insight through data analysis automating processes managing customer communications
The idea that people have beliefs about how leaders should behave and what they should do for their followers is called ______ leadership theory.
implicit
Any attempt to control or manipulate the images related to a person, organization, or idea is
impression management
Ways that organizations can create structural empowerment include:
increasing the effectiveness of employee decision making changing job responsibilities changing job design
Conscious efforts to affect and change a specific behavior in others are
influence tactics
Conscious efforts to affect and change a specific behavior in others are:
influence tactics
A card club that meets monthly to play and have dinner is an example of a(n) ______.
informal group
What are three practical things to consider in the decision-making process?
information and communication time constraints routine and frequency
types of task-oriented leadership.
initiating structure and transactional leadership
Important takeaways from trait theory include that:
it can be important to hiring and promoting decisions traits impact leader effectiveness having a "global mindset" is important
Cognitive shortcuts or biases that are used to simplify the process of making decisions are known as
judgmental heuristics
Which of the following are characteristic of low intensity conflict in the workplace? -lack of creativity -political infighting -aggression -indecision
lack of creativity indecision
The theory that assumes leaders will develop unique personal relationships with each of the people reporting to them is called
leader-member exchange theory/LMX theory
Researchers determine leadership characteristics by using a statistical procedure called ____-____, which computes an average relationship between two variables.
meta-analysis
Research indicates that most managers have multiple decision-making styles and that those styles are based on:
nationality. age. gender.
Decision making that involves at least two parties with distinct preferences and a give and take between them is
negotiation
The collaborative decision-making process involving two or more parties with different preferences is:
negotiation
What models of decision making explain how managers really come to decisions?
nonrational
An attitude, feeling, opinion, or action shared by two or more people that guides behavior is a(n) ______.
norm
The stage of group development that is able to occur after a respected member challenges the group to resolve power struggles to accomplish its goals is the ______ stage.
norming
A negative byproduct of positively reinforcing group role and norm adherence is that groups tend to
ostracize those who do not conform
The bias that takes place because we are optimistic based on overestimates of what we are able to do is:
overconfidence bias
Interpersonal opposition based on personal disagreement is a(n):
personality conflict
Team performance strategies include: -determining who will be on the team -plans that outline exactly what the team is to do -setting goals for the team -the tasks and responsibilities of the members
plans that outline exactly what the team is to do setting goals for the team the tasks and responsibilities of the members
Intentional acts of influence to enhance or protect the self-interest of individuals or groups that are not endorsed or aligned with those of the organization are known as organizational____
politics
A role is a set of expected behaviors for a particular ____ , while a ____ role is a set of expected behaviors for members of the group as a whole.
position; group
The ability to marshal human, informational, and other resources to get something done is:
power
What are some of the undesirable consequences of conflict at work?
project failures termination reduced productivity
A mental representation of the traits and behaviors that people believe are possessed by leaders is called a leadership
prototype
When employees feel a sense of meaning, competence, and impact at work, it is because they are ____ empowered.
psychological
What aspect of conversational skills and habits do women focus on?
rapport and relationships
Which of the bases of power have a positive effect on the organizing framework?
referent reward expert
leader behaviors in the integrated model of leadership.
relationship-oriented passive transformational task-oriented
A set of expected behaviors for a particular position in a group is called a(n)
role
Deciding to choose a solution that meets enough minimum qualifications is ___.
satisficing
What are some of the qualities of humble leaders that employees value?
self-awareness appreciation of the greater good openness to feedback appreciation of others
Which of the following are ways that groups positively communicate role expectations? -rejecting nonconformists -giving the silent treatment -showing acceptance -offering friendship
showing acceptance offering friendship
A decision tree can be described as:
showing the consequences of making decisions showing the process underlying decisions
The tendency for individual effort to decline as group size increases is known as ______.
social loafing
What uses web-based and mobile technologies to generate interactive dialog with members of a network?
social media
Subgroups may form and procrastination occur during the ____ stage of group development.
storming
What type of thinking is described by Daniel Kahneman as intuitive and unconscious thought?
system 1
Effective leadership is affected by a combination of
task-oriented traits and interpersonal attributes
The ability of a team to adapt to changes such as changing demands or the transition of members in or out of the group is:
team adaptive capacity
A plan for how the team will make decisions, share communications and strategies that should be agreed to early in the group development process is a(n) ____ ____
team charter
Which of the following are approaches to resolving intergroup conflict? -taking sides and reducing the conflict -controlling reduction -the contact hypothesis -creating a psychologically safe climate
the contact hypothesis creating a psychologically safe climate
Which of the following are factors that can affect the richness of a medium? -the media type -the message's channel -the situation's complexity -the encoding process -feedback's speed
the media type the message's channel feedback's speed
Contingency theories propose that the effectiveness of a particular style of leader behavior depends on what factor?
the situation
Picking a solution is which step in the rational decision making process?
third
What is the main driving force behind the use of all forms of technology, including social media, at work?
to boost productivity
What are the three ways managers use evidence or data in the decision-making process?
to inform a decision to make a decision to support a decision
The least effective way to use evidence-based decision making is to
to support a decision that has already been made
A useful way of framing a presentation is Multiple choice question.
to think of it as a journey
The extent to which a person has a high need for structure and control in his or her life is known as:
tolerance for ambiguity
Analytical decision makers are those who:
tolerate ambiguity well consider as many facts as possible respond well to new situations
Trying to identify personality characteristics that can be used to figure out who is better at leading and who is better at following is the ____ approach to leadership.
trait
Trying to identify the personality characteristics or interpersonal attributes that can differentiate leaders from followers is called:
trait approach
Political maneuvering in organizations is triggered by uncertainty most often caused by:
vague performance measures strong group competition unclear objectives
The extent to which an individual focuses on either task and technical concerns or people and social concerns in making decisions is:
value orientation
The model of decision-making styles is based on what dimensions?
value orientation tolerance for ambiguity
What do behavioral scientists call a leader-member exchange relationship?
vertical dyad
A team that works together over time and distance using electronic media to combine effort and achieve goals is a(n) _____ team.
virtual
What does the nonverbal communication form of touching convey? -warmth -caring -disgust -dissatisfaction
warmth caring
Eliminating some of the opponent's alternatives, blaming the opponent for his own actions, and using personally abrasive statements are all part of the unethical negotiating practice known as:
weakening the opponent
When should you avoid conflict?
when the conflict has no value
What practical consideration might result in an individual rather than the whole group making a decision?
when there is limited time to make the decision
Research shows that of men and women, ____ tend to touch more during a conversation, showing warmth and caring toward the other.
women
According to Deborah Tannen, linguistic style includes such features as: -word choice -the internet -directness -jokes
word choice directness jokes
What type of team has a well-defined purpose, is more or less permanent, and requires the complete commitment of its members?
work team
What is the result when the demands from work and family domains are mutually incompatible?
work-life conflict
Clear goals and responsibilities with an appropriate mix of knowledge, skills, and abilities are specifically associated with ______ teams.
high performing
What is it called when an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal?
leadership
When an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal, it is called
leadership
Which of the following situations cause conflict in the workplace? -unclear roles and responsibilities -clearly defined workplace policies -personality differences -poor management
unclear roles and responsibilities personality differences poor management
Which of the following are ways that incivility disrupts teamwork? -It undermines individual member performance. -It undermines engagement. -It undermines social media policies. -It undermines collaboration.
It undermines individual member performance. It undermines engagement. It undermines collaboration.
According to research, which of the following are differences found among men and women leadership roles?
Men are task-oriented, while women are relationship-oriented. Men use an autocratic style, while women use a participative style.
When people communicate, they do which of the following? -They process the information they exchange. -They take part in a process that involves two parties. -They decipher the information they exchange. -They take part in a process that is static and one-sided.
They process the information they exchange. They take part in a process that involves two parties. They decipher the information they exchange.
Communication skills that impact communication competence include: -active listening -inactive listening -nonverbal communication -nondefensive communication
active listening nonverbal communication nondefensive communication
What are ways that conflict can manifest itself in a work environment?
anger insults lack of cooperation
A norm is a(n) ______ shared by two or more people that guides behavior. -attitude -role -feeling -opinion
attitude feeling opinion
Which activity refers to the lost productivity resulting from the use of the Internet at work for personal tasks?
cyberloafing
During coaching conversations, what can employees do to discuss problems with their bosses? -be sensitive -offer suggestions in a polite manner -establish a receptiveness scale -speak to specific behaviors and situations
be sensitive offer suggestions in a polite manner speak to specific behaviors and situations
Big data, the vast quantity of data available to decision makers, can
be used to develop new products and services. make information more transparent and usable. enhance productivity
People who are receptive to suggestions and focus strongly on people and the social aspects of a work situation have which decision-making styles?
behavioral
Which of the following approaches tries to find the unique behaviors that effective leaders have?
behavioral styles
A technique used for solving problems, generating creative ideas for new products, and removing performance roadblocks is:
brainstorming
A performance-based index of an individual's abilities to effectively use communication behaviors in a given context is communication
competence
The process of producing new and useful ideas concerning products, services, processes, and procedures is:
creativity
discussions between two or more people where the stakes and emotions are high, and opinions vary.
crucial conversations
What type of political action is pursued at the individual level?
general self-interest
People who have a low tolerance for ambiguity and are task oriented when making decisions have which decision-making style?
directive
The capacity of a medium to transmit information and support understanding is called ______.
media richness
True or false: People's occupations and personality types influence their decision-making styles.
true
True or false: The goal of decision making is to find a solution that leads to a desired state of affairs.
true
Which of the following are useful tips for managing e-mail? -Do not check e-mails at all hours. -Prioritize 20% of e-mails and defer the other 80%. -Use folders and categories to organize your inbox. -Leave e-mail applications open all day.
Do not check e-mails at all hours. Prioritize 20% of e-mails and defer the other 80%. Use folders and categories to organize your inbox.
The three blaming styles researchers found in people from a large variety of industries include
denying blame blaming others blaming oneself
What should managers do to help them build and lead more effective teams? -They should evaluate employees using the three Cs of team players (commitment, collaboration, and competency). -They should remove social loafers from the team to avoid staff reduction. -They should identify important task and maintenance roles. -They should use the group development process to reduce frustrations when working in teams.
They should evaluate employees using the three Cs of team players (commitment, collaboration, and competency). They should identify important task and maintenance roles. They should use the group development process to reduce frustrations when working in teams.
What are some disadvantages of big data?
cybersecurity breaches leaked private information
Group definition
two or more freely interacting individuals who share norms and goals and have a common identity
3 general models of change short answer
Adaptive change: reintroduces a familiar practice either in a different unit or in the same unit at a different point in time. Adaptive change is lowest in complexity, cost, and uncertainty. Adaptive changes are not particularly threatening to employees because they are familiar. Innovative change: introduces a practice new to the organization. This type of change falls midway on the continuum of complexity, cost, and uncertainty. Innovative changes are complex, since organizations need to learn new behaviors, as well as create, implement, and enforce new policies and practices. Innovative changes have more uncertainty and cause more fear than adaptive changes. Radically innovative change: introduces a practice new to the industry. This type of change is at the high end of the continuum of complexity, cost, and uncertainty.
The steps in the communication process include: -Encoding the message -Transmitting the message -Adding noise to the message -Receiving the message
Encoding the message Transmitting the message Receiving the message
Of the following statements, which accurately describe social loafers? -Social loafers can distract or disrupt the work of other team members. -Social loafers expect the same rewards as other members of the team. -Social loafers work harder than the other members of the team. -Social loafers produce low-quality work.
Social loafers can distract or disrupt the work of other team members. Social loafers expect the same rewards as other members of the team. Social loafers produce low-quality work.
Which of the following statements are true about project teams? -They are assembled to tackle a particular problem, task, or project. -Project teams are permanent and require overtime commitments from members. -Their members most often divide their time between the team and their primary jobs. -Their members may be from the same department of an organization.
They are assembled to tackle a particular problem, task, or project. Their members most often divide their time between the team and their primary jobs. Their members may be from the same department of an organization.
People who have a high tolerance for ambiguity and focus on people and the social aspects of a work situation have the ____ decision making style.
conceptual
What is the energy created by the perceived gap between what individuals or groups want and what they are experiencing?
conflict
An opportunity to review and realign goals to serve the parties involved is a positive outcome of
conflict management.
When all members of a group either agree with a decision or are able to support it, they have reached a
consensus
Which of the core influence tactics are most effective at building commitment?
inspirational appeals rational persuasion consultation
A creative win-win approach that seeks mutual gain for all parties is
integrative negotiation
Organizational politics is defined as
intentional actions to improve individual or organizational interests.
Leaders who are ____ use behaviors that appeal to followers' self-concepts.
transformational
Which type of leaders appeal to their followers to pursue organizational goals over self-interests?
transformational
True or false: Consensus does not require unanimous agreement.
true
What are reasons why it is important to assign blame correctly?
To influence your behavior in the future To keep your influence intact
Communication involves which of the following? -just one person -a sender -a receiver -at least four people
a sender and a reciever
What type of leadership is exhibited in sustained displays of hostile verbal and nonverbal behavior?
abusive supervision
People who have the behavioral style of decision making can be characterized as:
avoiding conflict working well with others having a hard time saying no to others
Conflict management can be viewed as an opportunity to produce which positive outcomes?
goal alignment innovation change
Informal groups
have members who's overriding purpose for meeting is friendship or a common interest
Which of the following is an example of a formal group? -book club -hiring committee -fraternity or sorority -game club
hiring committee
Punctuated equilibrium is concerned with
how a group functions in the face of change
One of the methods used to solve conflicts among groups is called the contact
hypothesis
Brainstorming is a technique used to help groups generate multiple ____ and alternatives for solving ____.
ideas; problems
level 1 listening
involves the receiver interjecting their thoughts, experiences, perceptions or messages in the middle of the sender's message
The forms of power associated with one's job or position in an organization are referred to as position power and include:
legitimate power coercive power reward power
The forms of power associated with one's job or position in an organization are referred to as position power and include
legitimate power reward power coercive power
Which of the following are aspects of trust? -letting your guard down with another person -believing that another person will keep the impact of his or her actions on you in mind -ensuring another person's behaviors do not affect you -hiding your true feelings from another person
letting your guard down with another person believing that another person will keep the impact of his or her actions on you in mind
Who typically perform functions associated with investigating, organizing, and controlling as well as implementing an organization's vision and strategic plan?
managers
Employees who are psychologically empowered feel a sense of:
meaning self-determination competence
Lewin's Change Model short answer
unfreezing (involves encouraging individuals to discard old behaviors by shaking up the equilibrium state that maintains the status quo (force field analysis)) changing (new attitudes, values, and behaviors are substituted for old ones) refreezing (involves the establishment of new attitudes, values, and behaviors as the new status quo) •Key assumptions underlying Lewin's Model: -Learn and unlearn -Motivation -People make or break -Resistance -Reinforce •Unfreezing: the organization eliminates rewards for current behavior •Moving: the organization initiates new options and explains their rationale •Refreezing: organizational culture and formal reward systems encourage the new behaviors in order to initiate change, the forces for a change must overcome the forces for the status quo
what are the interpersonal attributes, whether positive or negative, that leaders may possess
agreeableness Machiavellianism narcissism extraversion
A person's characteristic speaking ____ is their linguistic style.
pattern
Which of the following statements are true about work teams? -They have a common purpose. -They have a well-defined purpose. -They require only a short-term commitment. -They are usually permanent.
They have a common purpose. They have a well-defined purpose. They are usually permanent.
