osmolarity and tonicity

C) Water will flow from right to left.

A beaker full of water has a semipermeable membrane in the center. The left side of the beaker has 12 particles of sugar while the right side has 8 particles of sugar. Which of the following best describes how the water in the solution will behave? A)Water will flow from left into right. B)The water levels are already equal so water will not flow through the semipermeable membrane C)Water will flow from right to left.

C)Water will move out of the plant cell, causing it to shrivel.

A plant cell has a 5 percent salt concentration. It is placed into a solution containing a 12 percent salt concentration. What will happen to the plant cell? A)Water will move into the plant cell, causing it to shrivel. B)Water will move into the plant cell, causing it to swell and burst. C)Water will move out of the plant cell, causing it to shrivel. D)Water will move out of the plant cell, causing it to swell and burst.

water will move into the animal cell, causing it to swell and burst

An animal cell has a 2 percent salt concentration. It is placed into a solution with a 0.05 percent salt concentration. What will happen to the animal cell?

from higher concentration to lower concentration

In which direction do particles in a solution move during passive diffusion?

hypotonic solution

Tahira placed a collection of red blood cells into a container filled with an unknown solution. Once in the container, Tahira noticed that the red blood cells swelled and some of them burst. What kind of solution is this?

from left to right

The figure below shows a beaker filled with water and a solute. The beaker has membrane down the center, which is permeable only to water. Which way will the particles move?

Turgor pressure

The pressure exerted by the osmotic flow of water

A)Diffusion of particles along the concentration gradient will occur until particles are equally distributed in all areas of the solution.

Which of the following is true of diffusion? A)Diffusion of particles along the concentration gradient will occur until particles are equally distributed in all areas of the solution. B)Diffusion of particles against the concentration gradient will occur until all the particles have dissolved. C)Diffusion of particles along the concentration gradient will occur until the particles move fully from one side of the solution to the other. D)Diffusion of particles against the concentration gradient will occur until random motion occurs.

C. Osmosis is a type of passive transport

Which of the following is true of osmosis? A)Osmosis is the movement of oxygen across a membrane. B)Osmosis requires the use of the energy molecule ATP. C)Osmosis is a type of passive transport. D)Osmosis moves against the water concentration gradient.

water

Which of the following molecules crosses through a semipermeable membrane during the process of osmosis? Water, sodium, proteins, glucose

Concentration gradient

area of high concentration adjacent to an area of low concentration

Aquaporins

channel protein that allows water through the membrane at a very high rate

Plasmolysis

detaching of the cell membrane from the cell wall and constriction of the cell membrane when a plant cell is in a hypertonic solution

Passive transport

method of transporting material through a membrane that does not require energy

Diffusion

passive process of transport of low-molecular weight material according to its concentration gradient

Hypertonic

situation in which extracellular fluid has a higher osmolarity than the fluid inside the cell, resulting in water moving out of the cell

Hypotonic

situation in which extracellular fluid has a lower osmolarity than the fluid inside the cell, resulting in water moving into the cell

Isotonic

situation in which the extracellular fluid has the same osmolarity as the fluid inside the cell, resulting in no net movement of water into or out of the cell

Selective permeability

substance dissolved in a liquid to form a solution

hyperotonic solution

the diagram shows a shriveled plant cell. what kind of solution was added to the cell, if the cell was previously healthy?

Osmosis

transport of water through a semipermeable membrane according to the concentration gradient of water across the membrane that results from the presence of solute that cannot pass through the membrane