OTD 510 - Final
During a bicep curl, which is the moment arm for the weight holding in the hand? Select one: a. A b. B c. C d. None
C
The pelvic force couple that combines to maintain a level pelvis when the left leg is unsupported (right leg is standing) during the gait cycle is which of the following? : a. Left trunk lateral benders and right hip abductors b. Right trunk lateral benders and right hip abductors c. Left trunk lateral benders and left hip abductors d. Right trunk lateral benders and left hip abductors
a
Trauma to the femoral nerve could impair any of the following muscles EXCEPT the: a. Gracilis b. pectineus. c. rectus femoris. d. sartorius.
a
What is the torque if the force is 5N (newton) and the MA (moment arm) is 5cm? a. 25 N-cm b. 5 N-cm c. 1/5 N-cm d. 1 N-cm
a
When in a young child, the proximal radius has been subluxed from the annular ligament, what is this condition called? a. Nursemaid's elbow b. Radial head fracture c. Elbow dislocation d. Supracondylar fracture
a
Which muscle has the major role responsible for this movement during car parking? a. right sternocleidomastoid b. erector spinae c. left sternocleidomastoid d. bilateral sternocleidomastoid
a
Which of the following consideration for a wheelchair is NOT correct? a. Head support for transportation should be placed at base of skull and cervical spine b. Back angle should allow ears and eyes to be parallel to floor c. Position/placement of feet should facilitate a neutral position of pelvis d. Back height should be up to the user's armpits
a
Which two extrinsic wrist muscles have a very similar origin and the same action? a. Extensor carpi radialis longus and extensor carpi radialis brevis b. Extensor carpi ulnaris and flexor carpi ulnaris c. Flexor carpi radialis longus and flexor carpi radialis brevis d. Extensor carpi radialis longus and flexor carpi radialis
a
You are working in an acute hospital pediatric unit and assigned to work with a new born who shows birth trauma that includes the symptoms of the arm hanging in glenohumeral extension with medial (internal) rotation, an extended elbow, pronated forearm, and flexed wrist. You suspect this child has: a. Erb's palsey b. Klumpke's palsey c. Burner syndrome d. Cubital tunnel syndrome
a
You have a client that is having a hard time holding a 30 pound bucket by the handle with one hand in a typical hook grasp, which muscle(s) is most likely to be weak if having difficulty simultaneously flexing their distal interphalangeal (DIP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints? a. Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) b. Lumbricals c. Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) d. Palmar interossei
a
Analyze the following scenarios by considering active and passive range and the relationship to gravity that is provided and choose the muscle grade that best matches the scenario. That is, the highest grade you can give the situation based only on the information provided Shoulder abduction (Typical) 0-180 Passive 0-45 Active 0-45 gravity eliminated but tolerates maximal resistance a. 2-/5 b. 2/5 c. 2+/5 d. 3/5 e. 4/5
c
A force couple is when muscles pull in different directions to accomplish the same motion. If the pectoralis minor pulls inferiorly, the rhomboids pull medially, and the levator scapulae pulls superiorly, what scapular motion will occur? a. Protraction b. Scaption c. Upward rotation d. Downward rotation
d
Analyze the following scenarios by considering active and passive range and the relationship to gravity that is provided and choose the muscle grade that best matches the scenario. That is, the highest grade you can give the situation based only on the information provided Elbow flexion (Typical) 0-140 Passive 10-135 Active 10-135 against gravity tolerates minimal resistance, but breaks at moderate resistance a. 2-/5 b. 2/5 c. 2+/5 d. 3/5 e. 4/5
d
Based on Dirette & Gutman's recommended technique, when taking the range of motion of a digit in flexion, the goniometer should be placed where? a. On volar side of digit b. On medial surface of digit c. On lateral surface of digit d. On dorsal side of digit
d
Considering anatomical position, match the positional term to the relationship of the following structures: The hip is _____________ to the ribs. a. lateral b. medial c. superior d. inferior e anterior f. posterior
d
Analyze the following scenarios by considering active and passive range and the relationship to gravity that is provided and choose the muscle grade that best matches the scenario. That is, the highest grade you can give the situation based only on the information provided Shoulder external roation (Typical) 0-90 Passive 0-80 Active0-40 gravity eliminated a. 2-/5 b. 2/5 c. 2+/5 d. 3/5 e. 4/5
a
Choose whether or not the selected activity is a Closed or Open chain to describe if the identified limb in the activity is a closed or open kinematic chain: The upper extremity that is in the mid-reach for the toilet paper dispenser while the person is sitting on the toilet a. open chain b. closed chain
a
Choose whether or not the selected activity is a Closed or Open chain to describe if the identified limb in the activity is a closed or open kinematic chain: The upper extremity while lifting a heavy backpack full of occupational therapy books. a. open chain b. closed chain
a
Choose whether or not the selected activity is a Closed or Open chain to describe if the identified limb in the activity is a closed or open kinematic chain: The upper extremity while turning the key to open the door a. open chain b. closed chain
a
Compression of the median nerve at the wrist may result in which of the following? a. Weakness of the thenar muscles b. Sensory impairment over the back of the hand/thumb webspace c. Weakness of the flexor digitorum profundus muscles to the index and middle fingers d. Weakness of the extensor digitorum (communis) muscle
a
Considering anatomical position, match the positional term to the relationship of the following structures: The radius is _____________ to the ulna. a. lateral b. medial c. superior d. inferior e anterior f. posterior
a
Considering manual muscle test grading procedures: Normal PROM = 0-80 Thumb MCP flexion Client: PROM 0-60 AROM 0-30 gravity-eliminated, resistance not applied a. 2- b. 2 c. 2+ d. 3 c. 4
a
During a bicep curl, which is the moment arm for the weight holding in the hand? a. a b. b c. c
a
Identify the Lever Class (1st, 2nd, 3rd) described below: A dorsal based wrist cock-up orthosis a. 1st b. 2nd c. 3rd
a
Identify the Lever Class (1st, 2nd, 3rd) described below: Person using a crow bar to pull a nail a. 1st b. 2nd c. 3rd
a
Identify the main ankle joint action or position described in the following scenarios: Standing on a pitched (angled) roof while facing up the slope of the roof a. dorsiflexion b. plantarflexion c. inversion d. eversion
a
Identify the main ankle joint action or position described in the following scenarios: The position of the swinging leg's ankle at it passes the weight-bearing leg in mid-stance a. dorsiflexion b. plantarflexion c. inversion d. eversion
a
Identify whether the following joint positions are open-packed or close-packed: Ankle in full plantar-flexion a. open-packed b. closed-packed
a
Identify whether the following joint positions are open-packed or close-packed: Hip in mid flexion and mid abduction a. open-packed b. closed-packed
a
If you were palpating the ASIS of the pelvis, which two boney landmarks could you palpate without lifting your palpating fingers but by simply moving them on the skin, posteriorly along the pelvis, and not losing contact with the boney structure. In other words which two structures are contiguous with, and near the body surface of, the ASIS? a. Iliac crest and posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) b. Posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) and the pubic crest c. Pubic symphysis and greater trochanter d. Iliac crest and ischial tuberosity
a
A lateral tilt (unsupported side) of the pelvis results in which of the following motions of the vertebral column? a. Lateral bend to the same side b. Lateral bend to the opposite side c. Flexion d. Hyperextension
b
A person who has had a hip replacement surgery has a surgical incision on the lateral surface of the hip. The hip muscle group most likely to need strengthening once the surgery has healed after this procedure is the: a. hip flexors. b. hip abductors. c. hip extensors. d. hip internal (medial) rotators
b
According to the concave-convex rule, as the humerus moves into 120 degrees of abduction from anatomical position: a. The convex humeral head glides superiorly on the concave glenoid fossa as the humeral shaft moves inferiorly. b. The convex humeral head glides inferiorly on the concave glenoid fossa as the humeral shaft moves superiorly. c. The concave humeral head glides inferiorly on the convex glenoid fossa as the humeral shaft moves superiorly. d. The convex humeral head glides posteriorly on the concave glenoid fossa as the humeral shaft moves anteriorly. Feedback
b
Analyze the following scenarios by considering active and passive range and the relationship to gravity that is provided and choose the muscle grade that best matches the scenario. That is, the highest grade you can give the situation based only on the information provided Forearm pronation (Typical) 0-80 Passive 0-40 Active 0-40 gravity eliminated but takes no resistance a. 2-/5 b. 2/5 c. 2+/5 d. 3/5 e. 4/5
b
Applying the basic principles of biomechanics, identify the actions that will help maintain the most stable equilibrium for an individual. a. widen BOS and move line of gravity beyond BOS b. wide BOS and lower COG c. widen BOS and increase torque on lower back extensors d. widen BOS and raised COG
b
Assessing joint end-feel provides valuable information about the: a. Arthrokinematics of the tested joint b. Integrity and condition of the joint and surrounding structures c. Strength of the prime mover of the muscle at the tested joint d. Amount of PROM (Passive Range of Motion) available at the tested joint
b
Choose whether or not the selected activity is a Closed or Open chain to describe if the identified limb in the activity is a closed or open kinematic chain: Glute bridges with feet and shoulders on the ground a. open chain b. closed chain
b
Choose whether or not the selected activity is a Closed or Open chain to describe if the identified limb in the activity is a closed or open kinematic chain: The leg that is in the mid-stance phase during the gait cycle. a. open chain b. closed chain
b
Choose whether or not the selected activity is a Closed or Open chain to describe if the identified limb in the activity is a closed or open kinematic chain: The lower extremity while a person is half way down to sitting on a chair. a. open chain b. closed chain
b
Considering anatomical position, match the positional term to the relationship of the following structures: The spine of the scapula is _________ to the tip of the scapula a. lateral b. medial c. superior d. inferior e anterior f. posterior
b
Considering anatomical position, match the positional term to the relationship of the following structures: The sternoclavicular joint is ________ to the glenohumeral joint a. lateral b. medial c. superior d. inferior e anterior f. posterior
b
Identify the Lever Class (1st, 2nd, 3rd) described below: standing on one's toes a. 1st b. 2nd c. 3rd
b
Identify the main ankle joint action or position described in the following scenarios: A ballerina "on point" (en pointe), that is dancing on her toes in toe shoes a. dorsiflexion b. plantarflexion c. inversion d. eversion
b
Identify the main ankle joint action or position described in the following scenarios: The weight-bearing ankle while standing on a steep slope, while facing down the slope a. dorsiflexion b. plantarflexion c. inversion d. eversion
b
Identify whether the following joint positions are open-packed or close-packed: Ankle in full dorsiflexion a. open-packed b. closed-packed
b
Identify whether the following joint positions are open-packed or close-packed: Elbow in full extension a. open-packed b. closed-packed
b
Identify whether the following joint positions are open-packed or close-packed: Knee extension (femur-tibia) a. open-packed b. closed-packed
b
Identify whether the following joint positions are open-packed or close-packed: MCP in 90 degrees of flexion a. open-packed b. closed-packed
b
Mary is a middle-aged woman, she lives alone in a rural area. She had a bad fall on black ice three months ago and has been experiencing constant numbness in her right upper extremity, particularly, when putting dishes away and when taking care of her chickens. You are working with her on these valued occupations. You suspect some damage to her spinal cord may be contributing to the numbness in her arm. Which region(s) do you think may be responsible for this? a. Myotome C8 b. Dermatome C5-8 c. Dermatome T4 d. Myotome C5-8
b
Match the action to the correct intrinsic muscle listed below: Index dorsal interosseous a. adduction b. abduction c. Opposition d. Metacarpal flexion / Interphalangeal extension c. Metacarpal extension / Interphalangeal flexion
b
Match the action to the correct intrinsic muscle listed below: Middle finger radial dorsal interosseous a. adduction b. abduction c. Opposition d. Metacarpal flexion / Interphalangeal extension c. Metacarpal extension / Interphalangeal flexion
b
Match the action to the correct intrinsic muscle listed below: Middle finger ulnar dorsal interosseous a. adduction b. abduction c. Opposition d. Metacarpal flexion / Interphalangeal extension c. Metacarpal extension / Interphalangeal flexion
b
Match the action to the correct intrinsic muscle listed below: Ringer finger dorsal interosseous a. adduction b. abduction c. Opposition d. Metacarpal flexion / Interphalangeal extension c. Metacarpal extension / Interphalangeal flexion
b
Match the correct joint motion for the photo of Jim reaching for his wallet: Neck a. retraction b. flexion and rotation c. hyperextension and external (lateral) rotation d. neutral forearm
b
Match the following muscle grades in words to the correct number rating: Good a. 5/5 b. 4/5 c. 3/5 d. 2/5 e. 1/5
b
Match the most commonly used type of hand grasp required to perform the following task: Writing with a pencil a. spherical b. three jaw chuck c. Lateral d. cylindrical e. hook
b
Match the type of contraction with the scenario: Elbow flexors of a standing person as they lower a 10# weight slowly toward full elbow extension a. concentric b. eccentric c. isometric
b
The following descriptions regarding spinal curves are correct, EXCEPT? a. In a normal curve, lumbar spine demonstrates anterior curvexity b. kyphosis suggests increased curvature of cervical spine c. tight hamstrings often lead to flattened lumbar spine d. Scoliosis indicates the lateral curvature of the spine
b
Torque during maximal effort changes as the magnitude of force and moment arms change. What explains the concept that positioning of limbs affects the available amount of maximal strength? a. Torque generated at different angles will not be different, a muscles maximum contraction remains consistent dependent of the moment arm b. The length of a muscle at the start of its contraction can affect the amount of force a muscle can generate c. Movement cannot change the length of the moment arm d. Movement changes the cross section of a muscle, and a cross section determines strength
b
What type of arthrokinematic motion mainly occurs at the patellofemoral joint? a. Spin b. Glide c. Roll d. Rotation
b
Which Newton's law is applied to the following scenario? Tilting the seat and the back of the wheelchair so that the individual depends less on the chest strap. a. Law of action-reaction b. Law of inertia c. Law of gravity d. Law of acceleration
b
Which of the following could be the consequence of prolonged cell phone use in a posture below? a. poor appetite b. Increased compression to the cervical spine and may lead to disc herniation c. difficult initiating neck movements d. pelvic obliquity
b
Which of the following description for the placement of a computer workstation best fits the ergonomic principles? a. The feet should be flat on the ground/floor b. The viewing distance of a monitor should be an arm's length or 20-40 inches from the eyes c. Lighting for using the computer should be the same as for reading d. The viewing angle of monitor should be at the eye level
b
Which of the following muscle groups aids in digital abduction? a. Palmar interossei b. Dorsal interossei c. Thenar muscle group d. Hypothenar muscle group
b
Which of the following positions is the most appropriate to test brachialis for elbow flexion? a. Forearm is positioned at neutral b. Forearm is positioned in pronation c. Forearm is positioned in supination
b
Which of the following scenarios will most effectively work the LEFT hip extensors in a closed chain manner? a. Prone, extend hip with knee flexed b. From standing to lunge position, advancing the right lower extremity. c. Supine, extend hip with knee extended d. From standing to lunge position, advancing the left lower extremity
b
Which statement below is most true about knee injuries? a. posterior cruciate ligament is ruptured more often than the anterior cruciate ligament. b. the medial meniscus is torn more often than the lateral meniscus. c. Baker's cyst is most commonly found on the anterior surface of the patella. d. prepatellar bursitis is most commonly caused by chronic hyperextension of the knee.
b
Which statement below is most true about knee injuries? a. prepatellar bursitis is most commonly caused by chronic hyperextension of the knee. b. the medial meniscus is torn more often than the lateral meniscus. c. Baker's cyst is most commonly found on the anterior surface of the patella. d. posterior cruciate ligament is ruptured more often than the anterior cruciate ligament.
b
Which transfer technique would be appropriate for an individual who has weak bilateral LEs but normal functioning of the UEs? a. Partial stand pivot transfer with both legs guarded b. Sliding board transfer c. Partial stand pivot transfer with either leg guarded d. Stand pivot transfer
b
Your client has difficulty keeping her knees straight while deeply flexing at the hips to reach into her top-loading washing machine to pull items out from the bottom of the washer. This is an example of active insufficiency of the posterior hip and knee muscles. a. True b. False
b
Maggie feels discomfort on the inside of her right elbow. She reports numbness and tingling in her right hand, particularly the ring and little fingers. She is diagnosed with ulnar nerve compression syndrome. Which pathology do you think that Maggie's symptoms are associated with? a. Cubital tunnel syndrome b. Ulnar tunnel syndrome c. Tennis elbow d. Medial epicondylitis
a
Match the action to the correct intrinsic muscle listed below: Index palmar interosseous a. adduction b. abduction c. Opposition d. Metacarpal flexion / Interphalangeal extension c. Metacarpal extension / Interphalangeal flexion
a
Match the action to the correct intrinsic muscle listed below: Little finger palmar interosseous a. adduction b. abduction c. Opposition d. Metacarpal flexion / Interphalangeal extension c. Metacarpal extension / Interphalangeal flexion
a
Match the action to the correct intrinsic muscle listed below: Ringer finger palmar interosseous a. adduction b. abduction c. Opposition d. Metacarpal flexion / Interphalangeal extension c. Metacarpal extension / Interphalangeal flexion
a
Match the correct joint motion for the photo of Jim reaching for his wallet: Scapula a. retraction b. flexion and rotation c. hyperextension and external (lateral) rotation d. neutral forearm
a
Match the following muscle grades in words to the correct number rating: Normal a. 5/5 b. 4/5 c. 3/5 d. 2/5 e. 1/5
a
Match the most commonly used type of hand grasp required to perform the following task: holding a tennis ball a. spherical b. three jaw chuck c. Lateral d. cylindrical e. hook
a
Match the type of contraction with the scenario: Abdominal muscles when doing a sit-up from supine position a. concentric b. eccentric c. isometric
a
Match the type of contraction with the scenario: Bilateral sternocleidomastoid muscles when raising head from supine position to look down at toes (chin tucks toward sternum). a. concentric b. eccentric c. isometric
a
Match the type of contraction with the scenario: Erector spinae when hyperextending back from prone position. a. concentric b. eccentric c. isometric
a
Match the type of contraction with the scenario: Quadriceps when slowly lowering oneself into a chair from a standing position. a. concentric b. eccentric c. isometric
a
Motions at the shoulder girdle include all of the following: Select one or more: a. Protraction, Upward rotation, Depression, Elevation, Retraction b. Tipping, Horizontal abduction, External rotation, Upward rotation c. Extension, Depression, Retraction, Elevation, Upward rotation d. Protraction, Flexion, Upward rotation, Elevation, Retraction
a
During a bicep curl, the elbow is moving into flexion as the weight moves closer to the shoulder. What plane and axis is this movement in, and how many degrees of freedom occur at the elbow joint? a. Sagittal plane, Longitudinal axis, 1 degree of freedom b. Sagittal plane, Frontal axis, 2 degrees of freedom c. Frontal plane, Sagittal axis, 2 degrees of freedom d. Sagittal plane, Frontal axis, 1 degree of freedom
d
Identify the main ankle joint action or position described in the following scenarios: Ankle begins to roll inwardly (sole faces outwardly) as if to sprain the medial ankle ligaments (a less common sprain) a. dorsiflexion b. plantarflexion c. inversion d. eversion
d
Match the action to the correct intrinsic muscle listed below: Index lumbrical a. adduction b. abduction c. Opposition d. Metacarpal flexion / Interphalangeal extension c. Metacarpal extension / Interphalangeal flexion
d
Match the action to the correct intrinsic muscle listed below: Ring finger lumbrical a. adduction b. abduction c. Opposition d. Metacarpal flexion / Interphalangeal extension c. Metacarpal extension / Interphalangeal flexion
d
Match the correct joint motion for the photo of Jim reaching for his wallet: Forearm a. retraction b. flexion and rotation c. hyperextension and external (lateral) rotation d. neutral
d
Match the correct joint motion for the photo of Jim reaching for his wallet: Glenohumeral joint a. retraction b. flexion and rotation c. hyperextension and external (lateral) rotation d. Extension/hyperextension & internal (medial) rotation e. neutral forearm
d
Match the following muscle grades in words to the correct number rating: Poor a. 5/5 b. 4/5 c. 3/5 d. 2/5 e. 1/5
d
Match the most commonly used type of hand grasp required to perform the following task: Drink from a 12 oz can a. spherical b. three jaw chuck c. Lateral d. cylindrical e. hook
d
Parsonage-Turner syndrome often affects the long thoracic nerve and often presents with scapular winging. What muscle is primarily contributing to the winging? a. Latissimus dorsi b. Lower trapezius c. Upper trapezius d. Serratus anterior
d
The following descriptions of key muscles for the myotome are correct, EXCEPT: a. S4-5- bowel & bladder b. L2-4- hip flexors c. T spine- trunk muscles (depending on each level) d. C6-8- elbow extensor (triceps)
d
The pelvic force couple that combines to maintain a level pelvis when the left leg is unsupported while a person is standing on one leg is which of the following? a. Right trunk lateral benders and right hip abductors b. Right trunk lateral benders and left hip abductors c. Left trunk lateral benders and left hip abductors d.Left trunk lateral benders and right hip abductors
d
Analyze the following scenarios by considering active and passive range and the relationship to gravity that is provided and choose the muscle grade that best matches the scenario. That is, the highest grade you can give the situation based only on the information provided Shoulder flexion (Typical) 0-170 Passive 0-120 Active 0-120 against gravity, takes moderate resistance before breaking a. 2-/5 b. 2/5 c. 2+/5 d. 3/5 e. 4/5
e
Considering anatomical position, match the positional term to the relationship of the following structures: The sternum is__________ to the spine. a. lateral b. medial c. superior d. inferior e anterior f. posterior
e
Considering manual muscle test grading procedures: Normal PROM = 0-80 wrist flexion Client: PROM 0-80 AROM 0-80 in against gravity, tolerates moderate resistance before breaking a. 2- b. 2 c. 2+ d. 3 e. 4
e
Match the following muscle grades in words to the correct number rating: Trace a. 5/5 b. 4/5 c. 3/5 d. 2/5 e. 1/5
e
Match the most commonly used type of hand grasp required to perform the following task: Carrying a moderately heavy suitcase by the handle a. spherical b. three jaw chuck c. Lateral d. cylindrical e. hook
e
Considering anatomical position, match the positional term to the relationship of the following structures: The occiput is ___________ to the nasal cavity a. lateral b. medial c. superior d. inferior e anterior f. posterior
f
A and B are playing see-saw. If the distance between the pivot and A is 5 inches and the distance between the pivot and B is 10 inches, then the mechanical advantage would be in favor of: a. B b. Not clear since the weight of A and B is unknown c. A d. equal
a
A patient you are working with recently had an avulsion fracture of the anterior superior iliac spine. Taking into consideration muscle attachments, which of the following muscles are likely to be affected? a. Tensor Fascia Latae b. Biceps Femoris c. Gracilis d. Vastus Lateralis
a
A person with tight hamstrings will likely adopt which of the following compensatory postures? a. Posterior tilt of pelvis and flattened lumbar curve b. Anterior tilt of pelvis and lumbar curve hyperextension c. Anterior tilt of pelvis and flattened lumbar curve d. Posterior tilt of pelvis and lumbar curve hyperextension
a
A person with tight hamstrings will likely adopt which of the following compensatory postures? a. Posterior tilt of pelvis and flattened lumbar curve b. Posterior tilt of pelvis and lumbar curve hyperextension c. Anterior tilt of pelvis and lumbar curve hyperextension d. Anterior tilt of pelvis and flattened lumbar curve
a
As an OT, you are completing a workplace ergonomic evaluation. Employees at this setting sit in cubicles and work long hours at a computer. What should be the primary goal of the OT completing this evaluation? a. Design a workplace that allows the employees to better meet the demands of the task and environment b. Design a workplace that is biomechanically advantageous to allow the body to efficiently use its muscles c. Present recommendations that fit both employee and employer's needs d. Recommend ergonomic materials to allow employees to transition between sitting and standing throughout the day.
c
Considering anatomical position, match the positional term to the relationship of the following structures: The cervical vertebrae are ________ to the thoracic vertebrae. a. lateral b. medial c. superior d. inferior e anterior f. posterior
c
Considering manual muscle test grading procedures: Normal PROM = 0-70 wrist extension Client: PROM 0-70 AROM 0-70 in gravity eliminated, tolerates minimal resistance before breaking a. 2- b. 2 c. 2+ d. 3 c. 4
c
Identify the Lever Class (1st, 2nd, 3rd) described below: Child squeezing tongs to pick up a block a. 1st b. 2nd c. 3rd
c
Identify the Lever Class (1st, 2nd, 3rd) described below: tweezers a. 1st b. 2nd c. 3rd
c
Identify the main ankle joint action or position described in the following scenarios: While walking on a steeply pitched (angled) beach at low tide, the downhill a. dorsiflexion b. plantarflexion c. inversion d. eversion
c
In the picture of Jesus, assuming he is standing still while aligning his next bowl, identify the correct response that includes the position, agonist, and type of muscle contraction for the knee. a. Knee flexion, quadriceps, eccentric b. Knee flexion, quadriceps, concentric c. Knee flexion, quadriceps, isometric d. Knee extension, hamstrings, isometric
c
Match the action to the correct intrinsic muscle listed below: Opponens pollicis a. adduction b. abduction c. Opposition d. Metacarpal flexion / Interphalangeal extension c. Metacarpal extension / Interphalangeal flexion
c
Match the following muscle grades in words to the correct number rating: Fair a. 5/5 b. 4/5 c. 3/5 d. 2/5 e. 1/5
c
Match the most commonly used type of hand grasp required to perform the following task: Use a key a. spherical b. three jaw chuck c. Lateral d. cylindrical e. hook
c
Match the type of contraction with the scenario: Scapular protractors in static yoga plank position (i.e., similar to raised position in a push up) a. concentric b. eccentric c. isometric
c
The OT documented knee flexion of the AROM/PROM as 110/125 degrees. The client reported no pain during the assessment. What could be the first impression of the client's problem with the knee? a. Range of motion limitation b. Normal c. Range of motion limitation and muscle weakness d. Muscle weakness
c
The following descriptions about muscle action during gait are correct, EXCEPT? a. Transitioning from initial contact and loading of weight-bearing extremity to mid-stance phase, the muscle action of knee extensors changes from eccentric contraction to concentric contraction. b. From initial contact to mid-stance, the plantar flexors contract eccentrically to prevent the body from falling forward at the ankles. c. During initial contact and loading the weight-bearing extremity in mid-stance, hip adductors function to maintain body's alignment to balance gravity's pull toward hip abduction. d. Hip flexors concentrically pull the swinging lower extremity forward throughout the swing phase.
c
The muscle groups activated when you have a client do a posterior pelvic tilt while lying in supine are the: a. hip flexors and trunk flexors. b. hip extensors and trunk extensors. c. hip extensors and trunk flexors. d. hip flexors and trunk extensors.
c
The structure(s) in the 1st dorsal compartment of the wrist is/are: a. Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (ECRB) & Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus (ECRL) b. Extensor Pollicis Longus and Abductor Pollicis Longus c. Extensor Pollicis Brevis and Abductor Pollicis Longus d. Extensor Digitorum Communis (EDC) & Extensor Indicis Proprius (EIP)
c
When abnormal elbow varus is present, which is the most likely structure to have been damaged. a. Medial collateral ligament of the elbow b. Distal tendon of the biceps brachii c. Lateral collateral ligament of the elbow d. Distal tendon of the triceps brachii
c
When someone is positioned in a wheelchair with posterior pelvic tilt for a long period of time, a few maladaptive changes may happen. Which of the following best describes three changes that are likely to need therapeutic intervention to avoid long-term pathologic changes? a. Shoulders move into flexion, knees rest too far over the toes, neck flexion. b. Lumbar curve moves into exaggerated lordosis, hamstrings shorten, abdominal muscles become over-shortened. c. Lumbar curve moves into kyphotic direction, hamstrings shorten, abdominal organs become compressed. d. Ankles move into dorsiflexion, hips rest in extreme abduction, neck flexion
c
Which muscle has its origin at the anterior inferior iliac spine and its insertion at the tibial tuberosity? a. Vastus medialis b. Vastus intermedialis c. Rectus femoris d. Sartorius
c
Which of the following description about anthropometric measurement for a wheelchair is accurate? a. Seat hight: Knees and ankles at about 90 degrees; footrests should be 1 inch clearance from floor b. Seat depth: +2 inches c. Seat width: +2 inches d. Armrest height: elbow flexed in 110 degrees
c
Yolanda is trying to scratch her back with her shoulder flexed fully to 180 degrees (and elbow full flexed). In this position, how many degrees of scapular rotation should we expect? a. 50 degrees b. 90 degrees c. 60 degrees d. 75 degrees
c
You are performing MMT to assess the strength of a client's hip extensors. You note that the client is able to move through about 30% of the available range of motion. What would be your next step? a. Move to a gravity-eliminated position: Laying prone b. Conclude that the muscle grade to be fair minus/3- (3 minus) c. Move to a gravity-eliminated position: Laying on the side, tested leg on the table d. Apply resistance in sitting with hand supporting the body
c
Your client sustained a proximal humerus fracture and had recent surgery 6 weeks ago to place hardware and stabilize the bone. She is now able to begin moving the arm with lifting restrictions (she is not to lift more than 5 pounds) and is referred to OT for muscle weakness. During your evaluation, you notice profound muscle wasting of her deltoid. What peripheral nerve are you concerned about maybe injured? a. Long thoracic b. Medial pectoral c. Axillary d. Dorsal scapular
c
Torque during maximal effort changes as the magnitude of force and moment arms change. What explains the concept that positioning of limbs affects the available amount of maximal strength? a. Movement cannot change the length of the moment arm b. Torque generated at different angles will not be different, a muscles maximum contraction remains consistent dependent of the moment arm c. Movement changes the cross section of a muscle, and a cross section determines strength d. The length of a muscle at the start of its contraction can affect the amount of force a muscle can generate
d
Trauma to the femoral nerve could impair any of the following muscles EXCEPT the: a. sartorius. b. rectus femoris. c. pectineus. d. Gracilis
d
What are the three thigh muscles that have the same insertion point at the pes anserine? a. Semimembranosus, Gracilis, Sartorius b. Semimembranosus, Vastus Lataralis, Satorius c. Semitendinosus, Iliopsoas, Gracillis d. Semitendinosus, Gracilis, Satorius
d
What grip is this person using with his left hand on the kayak paddle? Select one: a. spherical b. two point c. Lateral d. cylindrical
d
Which Newton's law is applied to the following scenario? Tilting the seat and the back of the wheelchair so that the individual depends less on the chest strap. a. Law of acceleration b. Law of gravity c. Law of action-reaction d. Law of inertia
d
Which muscle around the shoulder is considered the pure shoulder abductor? a. Anterior deltoid b. Middle deltoid c. Long head of biceps d. Supraspinatus
d
Which of the following best explains that when trying to stand from an erect sitting posture on the toilet or during a stand-pivot transfer, it is easier to lean forward before standing? a. Gravity generally pulls the body forward b. COG is within BOS and demand (effort) from hip abductors (gluteal medius) decreases c. COG is within BOS and demand (effort) from the knee flexors (hamstrings) decreases d. COG is within BOS and demand (effort) from the knee extensors (quadriceps) decreases
d
Which of the following description is accurate regarding the sequence of brachial plexus from proximal to distal? a. root, cord, trunk, division, branches b. root, division, trunk, cord, branches c. root, trunk, cord, division, branches d. root, trunk, division, cord, branches
d
Which of the following intrinsic muscles are innervated by the median nerve? a. Pronator teres and pronator quadratus b. Supinator and flexor digitorum profundus c. Palmar interosseus d. Opponens pollicis and flexor pollicis brevis
d
Which of the following muscles are NOT included in the hypothenar eminence? a. Abductor Digiti Minimi (ADM) b. Flexor Digiti Minimi (FDM) c. Opponens Digiti Minimi (ODM) d. Extensor Digiti Minimi (EDM) e. All of these muscles are in the hypothenar eminence
d
Which pair of oblique muscles perform the paddleboarding activity with rotation to the left? a. left external oblique & right internal oblique b. right external oblique & right internal oblique c. Left external oblique & left internal oblique d. right external oblique & left internal oblique
d
Which structure is NOT included in the carpal tunnel? a. Median nerve b. Flexor Pollicis Longus (FPL) c. Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (FDS) d. Flexor carpi radialis e. Flexor Digitorum Profundus (FDP)
d
You work in a sports clinic and a high school football player who is the team punter (kicker) is returning to play after recovering from a knee injury and long term immobilization. He complains that he cannot kick the ball as well as before. Together you decide that he is unable to elevate his leg in the follow-through position (maximum knee extension and hip flexion) as high as he did pre-injury. You determine that his limitation is due to: a. Active insufficiency only of the hip extensors b. Active insufficiency of the hamstrings and passive insufficiency of the hip flexors c. Passive insufficiency only of the hip flexors d. Active insufficiency of the hip flexors and passive insufficiency of the hamstrings
d
Your mom is calling you in a panic, stating that she slept on her arm wrong and now her arm is all numb and tingly. Since you are the one child in the medical field, she is looking to you for an answer. You kindly explain to your mother that her symptoms will likely resolve within a reasonable time frame because the reason for this is that the nerve injury she is experiencing is most likely: a. Neurotmesis b. Oligodendresis c. Axonotmesis d. Neurapraxia
d