Overview of the Skeleton: Classification and Structure of Bones & Cartilage

______ bones are generally thin and have a layer of spongy bone between two layers of compact bone a. Flat b. Irregular c. Long d. Short

A.Flat

Circle the correct underlined term. The axial/ appendicular skeleton consists of bones that surround the body's center of gravity.

Axial

All the following are functions of the skeleton except: a. attachment for muscles b. production of melanin c. site of red blood cell formation d. storage of lipids

B. Production of melanin

The femur is an example of a(n) _____ bone. a. flat b. irregular c. long d. short

C. Long

What is the 4 minute canals connecting osteocytes of an osteon

Canaliculi

T or F: Cartilage has a covering made of dense connective tissue called a periosteum.

False periosteum covers boneperichondrium covers cartilage

T or F: Embryonic skeletons consist primarily of elastic cartilage, which is gradually replaced by bone during development and growth

False, its hyaline cartilage

The type of cartilage that has the greatest strength and is and is found in the knee joint and intervertebral discs is

Fibrocartilage

What are the three types of cartilage found in the body?

Hyaline, fibrocartilage, and and elastic

The four major anatomical classifications of bones are long, short, flat, and irregular. Which category has the least amount of spongy bone relative to its total volume?

Long bones

Spongy bone

aka cancellous bonecomposed of trabeculae & much open spacelike flying buttresses

The shaft of a long bone is known as the

diaphysis

What happens on either side of the epiphyseal plate?

epiphyseal face cartilage mostly inactive, actively reproducing just below this diaphyseal face chondrocytes dying, matrix calcifying, cartilage becoming replaced with bone

What is the site of osteocytes?

lacunae

The structural unit of compact bone is

osteon

What is the function of the calcium salts (contained in bone)?

provides hardness, strengthresist compression

What is the function of the organic matrix in bone?

resist twisting and provides flexibility & strength