Pain and Inflammation

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for aspirin to prevent cardiovascular disease. What instruction should be included?

Monitor for tinnitus (manifestation of toxicity), sweating, dizziness

A nurse is planning to administer butorphanol to a client in labor. Which medications should the nurse plan to have available to reverse the action of this medication?

Naloxone

Gate-control theory suggests that cutaneous stimulation activates _____ transmitting nerve fibers. This decreases pain transmission through small fibers.

larger, faster

Visceral pain

often poorly localized and described as deep aching, cramping, pressure, or referred and resulting from stimuli, such as stretch, compression, or ischemia of the hollow or solid internal organs or organ coverings

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking naproxen after an exacerbation of RA. Which statement by the client requires further discussion by the nurse?

"I've been taking an antacid to help with indigestion."

Inadequate pain management occurs across care settings and patient populations. Untreated pain can result in physical and psychosocial dysfunction, impaired recovery from acute illness and surgery, immunosuppression, and disturbed. The reasons for under management may be: (Select all that apply.) a. Insufficient knowledge and skills to assess and manage pain. b. Inadequate reassessments resulting in failure to readjust treatments. c. Fear that aggressive pain management may hasten or cause death. d. Unwillingness of providers to believe patients' reports of pain.

All answers a. Insufficient knowledge and skills to assess and manage pain. b. Inadequate reassessments resulting in failure to readjust treatments. c. Fear that aggressive pain management may hasten or cause death. d. Unwillingness of providers to believe patients' reports of pain.

A nurse is applying a cold compress for a client who has pain and minor swelling in a sutured laceration on the forearm. Which assessment should be used to determine whether the treatment is effective?

Asking the client to rate the pain

A nurse is teaching a client w/ a new prescription for aspirin to treat RA. The nurse should include to monitor for which adverse effect?

Bleeding

Individuals who are unable to communicate are at risk for experiencing pain and have poor pain management. Why is this?

Can't tell provider where it hurts or scale the pain, so under-management is common

A client requests prescription pain medication. What action should the nurse perform first?

Determine the location of the pain

A nurse is teaching a client who takes acetaminophen daily to manage mild knee pain. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which adverse reactions?

Jaundice, abdominal pain, clay-colored stools, fever

A nurse is preparing for administer morphine IV to a client. What medication should the nurse plan to have available?

Naloxone (given to reverse the effects of morphine)

A nurse is assessing a client prior to administering morphine. The nurse should recognize that which assessment is the priority?

Respiratory rate

Which nursing intervention is based on the gate-control theory? a. Giving a back massage b. Changing position in bed c. Giving pain meds d. Limiting number of visitors

a. Giving a back massage

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for ibuprofen to treat hip pain. Which instruction should the nurse include?

Take the medication with food

A hospice nurse is caring for a client who has terminal cancer and takes PO morphine. Client reports that he had to increase the dosage this week to obtain pain relief. What should the nurse document as the explanation for this situation?

The client developed a tolerance to the medication

A nurse is caring for a client who is post-op. The nurse should base her pain management interventions primarily on what method to determine the intensity of the client's pain?

The client's self-report of pain severity

A nurse is caring for a client who is post-op following a cholecystectomy and reports pain. What actions should the nurse take?

a. Offer the client a back rub b. Remind the client to use incisional splinting (holding a pillow against the incision) c. Identify the client's pain level d. Change the client's position

A nurse is monitoring a client who took an overdose of acetaminophen 72 hours ago. The nurse should identify what findings as manifestations of acetaminophen poisoning?

Vomiting, nausea, abdominal distress, diarrhea, and sweating

What are the three effects of non-opioid analgesics?

a. Anti-inflammatory b. Antipyretic (reduces fever) c. Analgesic effect

Nursing working w/ clients need to recognize misconceptions and myths about pain. Regarding the pain experience, which of the following is correct? a. Client is the best authority on the pain experience b. Chronic pain is mostly psychological in nature c. Regular use of analgesics will lead to addiction d. Amount of tissue damage is accurately reflected in the degree of pain perceived (ppl. Handle pain differently)

a. Client is the best authority on the pain experience

A nurse is caring for a female client with RA, who asks if it is safe for her to take aspirin. The nurse should recognize what finding in the client's history is a contraindication of this medication? a. Diagnosis of glaucoma b. History of gastric ulcers c. Prior reports of amenorrhea

b. History of gastric ulcers

What is the true statement about pain? a. pain is not manageable without medication. b. pain is defined as whatever the person experiencing the pain says it is, existing whenever the person says it does. c. pain is only real if people show physical symptom d. pain does not cause emotional symptoms

b. pain is defined as whatever the person experiencing the pain says it is, existing whenever the person says it does.

Of the following side effects of opioids, which two are considered the most serious? a. vomiting b. respiratory depression c. sedation d. pruritus e. constipation f. nausea

b. respiratory depression c. sedation

Which statement expresses insight into how pain impacts a client's energy reserves? a. I can't sleep if I don't get pain meds b. If only I could get an hour when I was free of pain c. I'm exhausted physically and emotionally trying to live w/ this pain d. I don't see how I can continue to cope w/ this pain; I need some relief

c. I'm exhausted physically and emotionally trying to live w/ this pain

Neuropathic pain

caused by damage to peripheral nerves or CNS that results in the abnormal processing of stimuli. Patients typically describe as a numbing, burning, shooting, stabbing, shock-like, or itchy sensation

Nociceptive pain

caused by damage to somatic or visceral tissue, which activates peripheral nociceptors

Somatic pain

characterized as deep, aching, sharp, or throbbing that is well localized and arises from bone, joint, muscle, skin, or connective tissue