Paramedic Chapter 29 - Trauma Systems and Mechanism of Injury - Multiple Choice

What should you do for a patient whose shock is caused by vasodilation due to a spinal cord injury? A. Administer alpha-adrenoceptor agonist. B. Administer fluid resuscitation via IV. C. Administer calcium channel blockers. D. Apply ice packs to regulate body temperature.

A. Administer alpha-adrenoceptor agonist.

Which of the following is the most likely to be fatal? A. Ejection B. Frontal or head-on impact C. Lateral or side impact D. Rollovers

A. Ejection

Which of the following mechanisms of injury poses the LEAST threat for significant injury? A. Rear-end collision with restrained driver B. Death of an occupant in the same vehicle C. Motorcycle crash at greater than 20 mph D. Vehicular intrusion of greater than 12 inches

A. Rear-end collision with restrained driver

What is brisance? A. The shattering effect of a shock wave and its ability to cause disruption of tissues B. The phase, after the initial positive pressure wave, in which pressure is less than atmospheric C. The phase of the explosion in which there is a pressure front higher than atmospheric pressure D. The leading edge of an explosion pressure blast wave

A. The shattering effect of a shock wave and its ability to cause disruption of tissues

When a person falls from a significant height and lands on his or her feet, axial loading results in: A. compression or burst fractures to the lumbar spine. B. shearing injuries to the liver, spleen, and aorta. C. crushing injuries to the heels and hip dislocations. D. disc injuries to the lower cervical and upper thoracic spine.

A. compression or burst fractures to the lumbar spine.

During abrupt deceleration: A. shearing or rupturing of internal organs can occur. B. the neck commonly sustains hyperextension injuries. C. the skull provides excellent protection for the brain. D. supporting structures of the aorta keep it attached.

A. shearing or rupturing of internal organs can occur.

What is the revised trauma score calculation for a patient with a GCS of 11, SBP of 80, and a RR of 20? A. 4 B. 3 C. 2 D. 1

B. 3

What happens in the third phase of a motor vehicle collision? A. Deceleration of the occupant(s) B. Deceleration of internal organs C. Secondary collision D. Additional impact

B. Deceleration of internal organs

What are the components of the trauma lethal triad? A. Hypercoagulation, hypothermia, and alkalosis B. Hypothermia, coagulopathy, and acidosis C. MOI, force of impact, and restraints D. Head trauma, hypothermia, and hypovolemia

B. Hypothermia, coagulopathy, and acidosis

Which of the following is an example of a quinary blast injury? A. High pressure wave B. Radiation exposure C. Blunt head injury D. Full-thickness burn

B. Radiation exposure

Which type of impact has the greatest chance of survivability? A. Front end B. Rear end C. Lateral D. Rollover

B. Rear end

What is the Waddell triad? A. The process by which a motorcyclist lays down the bike to avoid injury B. The pattern of vehicle pedestrian injuries in children and people of short stature C. The duration, direction of force, and velocity of a motor vehicle that predicts injury patterns D. The speed, rate of change, and downward acceleration of an object

B. The pattern of vehicle pedestrian injuries in children and people of short stature

What are the predominant MOIs that would you expect to find in an adult pedestrian hit by a motor vehicle? A. Femur or pelvis fractures and sternal and rib fractures B. Tibia-fibula fractures and coup-contrecoup traumatic brain injuries C. Facial abrasions and closed head injuries D. Anterior-posterior compression injuries to the pelvis

B. Tibia-fibula fractures and coup-contrecoup traumatic brain injuries

A secondary blast injury results from: A. the blast itself. B. being struck by flying debris. C. being hurled against a rigid object by the blast. D. the heat generated by a blast.

B. being struck by flying debris.

You are managing the scene of a motor vehicle collision. All of the following phases are tied to the effects of progressive deceleration except: A. deceleration of the vehicle. B. compression forces on the occupants. C. deceleration of the internal organs. D. secondary collisions inside the vehicle.

B. compression forces on the occupants.

You are performing a physical assessment of a 26-year-old male patient who has sustained multiple trauma as a result of a motor vehicle collision. As you are working through your assessment. you note that the patient has sustained an obviously fractured and painful left wrist. Based on this information you should: A. delegate your partner to manage the wrist injury and continue with your assessment. B. manage the wrist injury and delegate your partner to continue the assessment. C. manage the wrist injury and then continue with the assessment. D. complete the assessment and then manage the wrist injury.

B. manage the wrist injury and delegate your partner to continue the assessment.

In the instance of an adult pedestrian being struck by a vehicle, which type of energy is the patient initially hit with? A. Potential energy B. Thermal energy C. Kinetic energy D. Barometric energy

C. Kinetic energy

In which of the following organs would temporary cavitation leave fewer permanent effects? A. Brain B. Liver C. Lungs D. Spleen

C. Lungs

You are providing care for a 32-year-old female patient with extreme traumatic bleeding. In order to ensure optimal blood clotting, you should do all of the following except: A. place blankets underneath and on top of the patient. B. aggressively control any external bleeding. C. administer crystalloid fluid such a normal saline. D. consider the administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) if local protocols allow.

C. administer crystalloid fluid such a normal saline.

The third phase of a motor vehicle accident involves: A. crush injuries to the body. B. impact by another vehicle. C. deceleration of internal organs. D. injuries caused by flying debris.

C. deceleration of internal organs.

Compared to a handgun, a rifle: A. is less accurate. B. fires a single projectile. C. fires at a higher velocity. D. has less powerful ammunition.

C. fires at a higher velocity.

Unlike blunt trauma, penetrating trauma: A. is especially common during the primary blast injury following an explosion. B. often causes damage to a large body surface area, even from a single projectile. C. involves a disruption of the skin and underlying tissues in a small focused area. D. is usually more fatal because of the severe external bleeding that accompanies it.

C. involves a disruption of the skin and underlying tissues in a small focused area.

The energy stored in an object, such as a bridge pillar, is called _____________ energy, and the energy from motion is called _____________ energy. A. kinetic, potential B. barometric, kinetic C. potential, kinetic D. chemical, potential

C. potential, kinetic

In an explosion, _____________ blast injuries are due to impact with another object. A. primary B. secondary C. tertiary D. quaternary

C. tertiary

As a bullet travels through the body, it creates a temporary cavitation. The organ most likely to sustain permanent effects from this cavitation is: A. the bowel. B. muscle. C. the brain. D. the lungs.

C. the brain.

Which of the following is the most important predictor of damage sustained from a gunshot wound? A. Type of firearm B. Velocity of the projectile C. Distance between the person and the muzzle of the firearm D. Anatomic location and structures struck

D. Anatomic location and structures struck

Which of the following is true about factors that affect types of injuries? A. Blunt trauma is easier to diagnose than penetrating trauma. B. The smaller the area of force dissipation, the more the pressure is reduced to a specific spot on the body, often without breaking the skin. C. Injuries sustained when the break point of an organ is exceeded are more difficult to identify. D. Rapidly applied amounts of energy are less tolerated than an identical amount of energy delivered over a longer period.

D. Rapidly applied amounts of energy are less tolerated than an identical amount of energy delivered over a longer period.

_____________________ has the greatest effect on kinetic energy. A. Acceleration B. Force C. Mass D. Velocity

D. Velocity

Following a head-on collision of a motorcycle and a truck, the motorcyclist would MOST likely experience initial injury to the: A. cervical spine. B. chest and abdomen. C. wrists and forearms. D. femurs and tibias.

D. femurs and tibias.

The force associated with a moving object is dependent on all of the following except: A. the mass of the object. B. air resistance. C. acceleration of the object. D. the starting velocity of the object.

D. the starting velocity of the object.

During a lateral impact collision: A. the far-side occupant, even if properly restrained, experiences double the amount of force as the driver. B. the patient's head moves away from the object causing the impact, resulting in stretching injuries. C. properly worn seat belts protect the passenger from pelvic trauma at the time of impact. D. trauma to the upper extremities depends on the spatial orientation of the arms upon impact.

D. trauma to the upper extremities depends on the spatial orientation of the arms upon impact.