Parasitology: In-House Review

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The key characteristic of the developing trophozoite of this Plasmodium spp. is the formation of nonamoeboid solid cytoplasm assuming a band, bar, oval, or roundish shape a. Plasmodium ovale b. Plasmodium vivax c. Plasmodium malariae d. Plasmodium falciparum e. Both A and B

Answer: C. Plasmodium malariae

This plasmodium spp. is associated with disease and conditions such as Quartan Malaria and primarily infects mature RBCs a. Plasmodium ovale b. Plasmodium vivax c. Plasmodium malariae d. Plasmodium falciparum e. Plasmodium knowlesi

Answer: C. Plasmodium malariae

What is the natural intermediate host of Toxoplasma gondii? a. Man b. Dog c. Rat d. Cat e. None of the above

Answer: C. Rat

What is the preferred method of collection for the E. vermicularis? a. Flotation technique b. Direct fecal smear c. Scotch tape test d. Sheater's test

Answer: C. Scotch Tape Test

What do you call the malarial pigments present in Plasmodium knowlesi? a. Ziemann's b. Schuffner's c. Sinton-Mulligan's d. Maurer's e. James'

Answer: C. Sinton-Mulligan's

In the laboratory, the primary source in the chain of infection would be? a. Patients b. Needlesticks c. Specimens d. Biohazardous waste

Answer: C. Specimens

Which of the following is the largest species of Trichomonas? a. T. hominis b. T. tenax c. T. vaginalis d. NOTA

Answer: C. T. vaginalis

Pear-like shaped trophozoite is a description of what flagellate? a. T. vaginalis b. C. mesnili c. G. lamblia d. AOTA

Answer: D. AOTA

Vector of T. cruzi A. Reduviid bug b. Kissing bug c. Triatomid bug d. AOTA e. NOTA

Answer: D. AOTA

Which of the following serves as the intermediate hosts and vectors of W. bancrofti? a. Culex spp. b. Aedes spp. c. Anopheles spp. d. All of the above

Answer: D. All of the above

Considered as the largest protozoan to humans. Its trophozoites may measure rom 28 to 152 um in length and with an average width of 40 um. a. Isospora belli b. Toxoplasma gondii c. Blastocystis hominis d. Balantidum coli

Answer: D. Balantidum coli

What is the natural final host of Toxoplasma gondii? a. Man b. Dog c. Rat d. Cat e. None of the above

Answer: D. Cat

What amoeba cyst has a well-defined glycogen mass which is unstained when subjected to Trichrome? a. Entamoeba histolytica b. Entamoeba coli c. Endolimax nana d. Iodamoeba butschlii

Answer: D. Iodamoeba butschlii

The following statements are true of rhabditiform larva of Strongyloides stercoralis except: a. The larva is equipped with short buccal cavity b. Has a prominent genital primordium c. the primary morphologic seen in stool d. It is the infective stage to humans

Answer: D. It is the infective stage to humans

Which filarial nematode causes river blindness? a. Loa loa b. Brugia malayi c. Onchocerca volvulus d. Wuchereria bancrofti

Answer: C. Onchocerca volvulus

What is the specimen of choice for isolation of E. gingivalis? a. Stool b. Urine c. Oral swab d. CSF

Answer: C. Oral swab

PAM mimics what disease which shows the characteristic "Kernig's sign" a. Pulmonary tuberculosis b. Dysentery c. Meningitis d. Giardiasis

Answer: C. Meningitis

Diagnostic stage of L. donovani

Amastigote

Infective stage to the sandfly?

Amastigote

In the life cycle of malaria, where does sexual life cycle happen? a. Human RBC b. Liver (man) c. Mosquito d. All of the above

Answer: C. Mosquito

Decide if the following statements are true or false: a. Both statements are true b. Both statements are false c. First statement is true, second is false d. First statement is false, second is true 1. Cestodes like H. nana, T. solium, T. saginata, D. latum, H. diminuta, D. latum, and D. caninum belongs to cyclophyllidean. Ova/eggs of pork and beef tapeworm contains an oncosphere enclosed in an inner membrane with two polar thickenings with striations with six hooklets inside. 2. Cestode like Taenia solium and Dipylidium caninum require vertebrate intermediate host. Pseudophylidean requires two intermediate host 3. Taenia saginata has 15 to 20 lateral branches dichotomous or Tree-like gravid proglottids. Taenia solium has 7 to 15 lateral branches dendritic or finger-like gravid proglottids 4. Cysticercoid larva is the infective stage of D. caninum and H. diminuta. Immunologic test like Bentonite flocculation

Answer 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. A 5. D

The following statements are true of W. bancrofti microfilariae except: a. Its microfilaria has a delicate sheath which surrounds the organism b. The posterior end culminates in a point that is free of nuclei c. Optimal samples for blood smears should be collected at night d. None of the above

Answer not found. Please check reference book.

Which of the following is not a characteristic or description of E. histolytica? a. 1-8 nuclei in cystic form b. 1-4 nuclei in cystic form c. 1 nuclei in trophozoite d. Infective stage in the quadrinucleated cyst

Answer: A. 1-8 nuclei in cystic form

Which filarial nematode can be distinguished by having two distinct nuclei at the tips of its microfilariae a. B. malayi b. Loa loa c. W. bancrofti d. O. volvulus

Answer: A. B. malayi

Which of the following is not a mode of transmission of Babesia? a. Bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito b. Blood transfusion c. Bite of an Ixodes tick d. Sharing of infected needles

Answer: A. Bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito

Which of the following has a centrally located fluid-filled structure which consumes almost 90% of organism and organelles are pushed to the periphery? a. Blastocystis hominis b. Pneumocystis jiroveci c. Sarcocystis species d. Microsporidia

Answer: A. Blastocystis hominis

Which of the following is classified now as a stramenophile? a. Blastocystis hominis b. Pneumocystis jiroveci c. Sarcocystis species d. Microsporidia

Answer: A. Blastocystis hominis

Which of the following contains the characteristic of having ingested red blood cells in the cytoplasm? a. E. histolytica b. E. coli c. E. nana d. I. butschlii

Answer: A. E. histolytica

Parasites that need a host at some stage of their life cycle to complete their development and to propagate a. Facultative parasite b. Permanent parasite c. Accidental or incidental parasite d. Obligate parasites

Answer: A. Facultative parasite

Gay bowel syndrome is associated with what flagellate? a. G. lamblia b. T. vaginalis c. D. fragilis d. Both A and B e. Both A and C

Answer: A. G. lamblia

What is the preferred stain for malaria or trypanosomes in thin blood smear? a. Giemsa stain b. Haematoxylin-eosin c. Lugol's iodine d. Leishmania stain e. A and B only

Answer: A. Giemsa stain

Ground itch occurs with which worm infection? a. Hookworm b. Pinworm c. Threadworm d. Whipworm

Answer: A. Hookworm

It is a common parasite in mice and the smallest to infect humans, measuring up to 4.0 cm in length a. Hymenolepis nana b. Hymenolepis diminuta c. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B

Answer: A. Hymenolepis nana

What age of the red blood cell does P. vivax typically invade? a. Immature/Young RBCs b. Mature RBCs c. All RBCs (mature and immature) d WBCs and young RBCs only

Answer: A. Immature/Young RBCs

When is the best time to collect blood for Plasmodium falciparum detection? a. In between paroxysms b. Morning c. Evening d. Anytime of the day

Answer: A. In between paroxysms

What is the mode of transmission of sarcocystis? a. Ingestion of raw infected meat b. Ingestion of infected fish c. Ingestion of embryonated egg d. Association with cats

Answer: A. Ingestion of raw infected meat

Which of the following harbors part or all the larval stages of the parasites? a. Intermediate host b. Final or definitive host c. Reservoir host d. Paratenic host

Answer: A. Intermediate host

Soil-transmitted helminths are the collective name for the following: a. Large intestinal roundworm, whipworm, and hookworm b. Pinworm, whipworm, and hookworm c. Guinea worm, pinworm, and hookworm d. Threadworm, pinworm, large intestinal roundworm

Answer: A. Large intestinal roundworm, whipworm, and hookworm

Which of the following is the first intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica? a. Lymnaea philippinensis b. Watercress c. Crayfish d. Oncomelania snail

Answer: A. Lymnaea philippinensis

This refers to the phenomenon whereby microfilariae are present in the blood stream during a specific time. a. Periodicity b. Paroxysmal c. Hakansson's d. None of the above

Answer: A. Periodicity

Name of the miscellaneous protozoa that is now identified as a fungus: a. Pneumocystis jiroveci b. Isospora belli c. Cryptosporidium parvum d. Cyclospora cayatenensis

Answer: A. Pneumocystis jiroveci

Which of the following morphologic form of Toxoplasma gondii is infective to humans when ingested? a. Sporulated oocyst b. Tachyzoites c. Trophozoites d. Sporozoites

Answer: A. Sporulated oocyst

The following are intestinal species under flagellates except: a. T. tenax b. G. intestinalis c. T. hominis d. D. fragilis

Answer: A. T. tenax

The treatment of choice for Trypanosoma spp. is situation-dependent, and is dictated by a number of factors including patient age, stage of disease, and whether the patient is pregnant at the time A. True B. False

Answer: A. True

Rectal prolapse can occur with which nematode infection? a. Whipworm b. Pudoc worm c. Pinworm d. Guinea worm

Answer: A. Whipworm

B. timori is readily distinguished from B. malayi. Microfilariae of B. timori differ from B. malayi by having a longer cephalic space, a sheath that does not stain with Giemsa, and a larger nuber of single-file nuclei towards the tail. a. 1st statement is correct, 2nd statement is incorrect b. 1st statement is incorrect, 2nd statement is correct c. Both statements are correct d. Both statements are incorrect

Answer: B. 1st statement is incorrect, 2nd statement is correct

How any times does the Strongyloides stercoralis L1 larvae have to molt to enter the free-living cycle: a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

Answer: B. 2

When should the specimen collection done during E. vermicularis diagnosis? a. 2 consecutive mornings b. 3 consecutive mornings c. 4 consecutive mornings d. 5 consecutive mornings

Answer: B. 3 Consecutive mornings

Loeffler's syndrome occurs in which nematode infection? a. Trichuris trichiura b. Ascaris lumbricoides c. Necator americanus d. Dracunculus medinensis

Answer: B. Ascaris lumbricoides

The specimen of choice for the recovery of Babesia is: a. Urine b. Blood c. Stool d. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Answer: B. Blood

Stiff rotary motility is exhibited by what parasite? a. G. lamblia b. C. mesnili c. D. fragilis d. T. vaginalis

Answer: B. C. mesnili

Which of the following is the infective stage of the pork tapeworm? a. Metacercaria b. Cysticercus larva c. Pleurocercoid d. Cercaria

Answer: B. Cysticercus larva

Which of the following has a centrally located rosette shaped uterus? a. T. saginata b. D. latum c. E. granulosus d. H. diminuta

Answer: B. D. latum

What is the Gold Standard in the recovery of G. intestinalis? a. RT-PCR b. Direct Fluorescent Ab Assay c. Western Immunoblot d. Enterotest

Answer: B. Direct Fluorescent Ab Assay

It has a horse-shape collar of spines (circumoral disk) around the oral suckers a. S. japonicum b. E. ilocanum c. F. buski d. P. westermani

Answer: B. E. ilocanum

What harbors the adult or sexual stage of the parasites? a. Intermediate host b. Final or definitive host c. Reservoir host d. Paratenic host

Answer: B. Final or definitive host

What is the causative agent of PAM? a. Gardia lamblia b. Naegleria fowleri c. Acanthamoeba d. Entamoeba hystolitica

Answer: B. Naegleria fowleri

The first intermediate host of this trematode is Antemelania asperata a. F. hepatica b. P. westermani c. F. buski d. H. heterophyes

Answer: B. P. westermani

It was once thought to be solely a parasite of Old World monkeys. It has been recently identified in humans suffering from parts in Malaysia and other parts of Southeast Asia. a. Plasmodium ovale b. Plasmodium knowlesi c. Plasmodium malariae d. Plasmodium falciparum

Answer: B. Plasmodium knowlesi

Which of the following is the causative agent of Atypical Interstitial plasma cell pneumonia? a. Blastocystis hominis b. Pneumocystis jiroveci c. Sarcocystis species d. Microsporidia

Answer: B. Pneumocystis jiroveci

Pila luzonica (kuhol) is the ____ IH of E. ilocanum? a. First IH b. Second IH c. Third IH d. Fourth IH

Answer: B. Second IH

What Trichomonas species resides in the oral cavity? a. T. hominis b. T. tenax c. T. vaginalis d. NOTA

Answer: B. T. tenax

What is the culture media for E. histolytica and G. intestinalis? a. Non-nutrient agar seeded with E. coli b. TYI-S-33 c. Novy McNeal Nichole d. Chocolate Agar

Answer: B. TYI-S-33

The following statements are true of filarial worms except: a. These are also nematodes in which the adult worms live in tissue or lymphatic system b. The adult filariae produce larvae called microfilariae that are usually seen in the stool. c. These microfilariae exhibit periodicity d. Vectors of filarial nematodes include biting insects such as mosquitoes

Answer: B. The adult filariae produce larvae called microfilariae that are usually seen in the stool.

Which statement is true/correct about Babesia? a. Babesia is transmitted via the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito containing sporozoites b. The timing of the blood collection for the study of Babesiasis is not crucial to success in retrieving the Babesia since they have not shown periodicity c. Man is the intermediate host of Babesia species d. All of the above

Answer: B. The timing of the blood collection for the study of Babesiasis is not crucial

Nurse-cell larval complexes are found in which worm's lifecycle? a. Ancylostoma duodenale b. Trichinella spiralis c. Enterobius vermicularis d. Capillaria philippinensis

Answer: B. Trichinella spiralis

What do you call the spine-like pseudopods present in Acanthamoeba spp.? a. Endoplasm b. Ectoplasm c. Acanthopodia d. Trophozoite

Answer: C. Acanthopodia

Centrifuging an uncapped specimen may produce a biological hazard in the form of? a. Specimen contamination b. Sharps contamination c. Aerosols d. Vectors

Answer: C. Aerosols

Falling leaf motility is exhibited by what parasite? a. G. lamblia b. G. intestinalis c. Both d. Neither

Answer: C. Both

What tapeworm requires two intermediate hosts? a. D. caninum b. E. granulosus c. D. latum d. T. saginata

Answer: C. D. latum

What amoeba cyst ha a characteristic "blotlike" karyosome, no peripheral chromatin, and is known for its characteristic cross-eyed appearance? a. Entamoeba histolytica b. Entamoeba coli c. Endolimax nana d. Iodamoeba butschlii

Answer: C. Endolimax nana

If fecal specimens cannot be examined immediately, they should be? a. Left at room temperature b. Frozen c. Fixed in formalin or preservative d. Kept at body temperature

Answer: C. Fixed in formalin or preservative

What is the mode of transmission of E. histolytica? a. Sexual intercourse b Ingestion of improperly cooked meat c. Ingestion of quadrinucleated cyst d. Skin penetration

Answer: C. Ingestion of quadrinucleated cyst

The following statements about Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus are true except: a. The buccal capsule of N. americanus contains a pair of cutting plates, whereas the A. duodenale consists of actual teeth b. The male is equipped with a prominent, posterior, umbrella like structure that aids in copulation, known as copulatory bursa c. The hook is much more pronounced in N. americanus than A. duodenale d. None of the above

Answer: D. None of the above

The following statements are true of O. volvulus except: a. The blackfly genus Simulium is responsible for transmitting O. volvulus b. The microfilariae of O. volvulus are found in the subcutaneous tissue and not blood specimens c. Adult worms are thin and wire-like in appearance d. None of the above

Answer: D. None of the above

Which of the following microfilariae does not possess a sheath? a. W. bancrofit b. B. malayi c. L. loa d. O. volvulus

Answer: D. O. volvulus

What fluke resembles a coffee bean and its body is covered with spines? a. F. buski b. F. hepatica c. E. ilocanum d. P. westermani

Answer: D. P. westermani

Which of the following harbors the parasite in an arrested state of development? a. Intermediate host b. Final or definitive host c. Reservoir host d. Paratenic host

Answer: D. Paratenic host

This Plasmodium spp. is associated with disease and conditions such as Black Water fever and Malignant Tertian Malaria. a. Plasmodium ovale b. Plasmodium vivax c. Plasmodium malariae d. Plasmodium falciparum

Answer: D. Plasmodium falciparum

Properly cooking of fish is a control method for which worm? a. Whipworm b. Pinworm c. Threadworm d. Pudoc worm

Answer: D. Pudoc worm

Which fluke resides in the Oncomelania as its intermediate host? a. P. westermani b. H. heterophyes c. F. buski d. S. japonicum

Answer: D. S. japonicum

What stage of reproduction is considered capable of autoinfection of Cryptosporidium? a. Intact oocysts b. Merozoites c. Gametocytes d. Sporozoites

Answer: D. Sporozoites

Parthenogenensis occur in which worm? a. Ascaris lumbricoides b. Enterobius vermicularis c. Hookworms d. Strongyloides stercoralis

Answer: D. Strongyloides stercoralis

Neurocysticercosis is the deposition of oncospheres in the brain which occurs in infection of what tapeworm. a. T. saginata - ingestion of contaminated beef b. T. solium - ingestion of contaminated pork c. T. saginata - ingestion of egg from human feces d. T. solium - ingestion of egg from human feces

Answer: D. T. solium - ingestion of egg from human feces

Rapid, jerky, tumbling motility is a characteristic motility of what flagellate? a. G. lamblia b. C. mesnili c. D. fragilis d. T. vaginalis

Answer: D. T. vaginalis

Morphologic characteristics of trematodes are the following except: a. Two suckers, oral and ventral b. Bilaterally symmetric, leaf shape or tongue like c. Without body cavity d. Trematodes parasitizing human belong to the order Monogenea

Answer: D. Trematodes parasitizing human belong to the order Monogenea

The following statements are true of Loa loa except: a. Human infection of Loa loa is initaited by the biote of an infected Chrysops fly b. Its common name is eyeworm c. Nuclei fill the organism and are continuous to the tip of the pointed tail d. the circulating adult worms in the subcutaneous tissue usually causes severe pain

Answer: D. the circulating adult worms in the subcutaneous tissue usually causes severe pain

All flagellates inhabit the large intestine except: a. G. lamblia b. T. vaginalis c. D. fragilis d. Both A and B e. A, B, and C

Answer: E. A, B, and C

Which of the trematodes is also known as Garrison's fluke? a. H. heterophyes b. F. buski c. E. ilocanum d. F. hepatica

Answer: E. ilocanum

What parasitic stage has an undulating membrane which measures half the body length?

Epimastigote

Montenegro skin test is used to screen large population of patients for infection caused by?

L. donovani complex

Causes Oriental Boil, Baghdad, or Delhi Boil

L. tropica complex

Attached to the axoneme nearing to the edge of the organism? [Disclaimer: Question Unclear/Inaccurate]

Nucleus [Disclaimer: Question Unclear/Inaccurate]

Causative agent of West African Sleeping Sickness

T. gambiense

Infective stage of T. gambiense

Trypomastigote


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