Part 1-1_Computer_Hardware

Put the steps of the boot process in the correct order, placing the first step at the top.

1. The device is powered on & the CPU activates BIOS 2. The Power-On Self-Test is executed 3. The OS is loaded into RAM 4. The OS checks the registry settings & loads saved configuration settings

Select all that apply Which two of the following items are commonly included when you purchase a Windows PC laptop computer with a solid-state hard drive?

A universal serial bus (USB) port An operating system

Designed to stay on a desk. Provides a large monitor but takes up less space than a desktop computer

All-in-one computer

Which of the following is not part of the boot process?

Any installed anti-virus software checks the system for errors

Lightning connectors were developed by ___.

Apple

Smartphones owe much of their popularity and computing flexibility to ___ . Multiple choice question.

Apps

Gigahertz means one _____ cycles (instructions) per second.

Billion

The three factors that impact processor speed are clock speed, word size, and _____ .

Bus width

Data flows between different parts of the computer via _____ .

Buses

In American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII), eight bits = one ________

Byte

Another name for a computer's processor is the _______:

CPU

Memory and _________ hold data used by processors.

Cache

Which of the following computers might contain a traditional (magnetic) hard drive?

Dell desktop computer

It is important to be able to identify the different types of computers. For example, what do you call a computer that has a separate chassis (or tower) that connects to separate peripherals such as the monitor, keyboard, and mouse? Instructions

Desktop

Designed for power users. Has a relatively large footprint.

Desktop computer

Which two of the following statements are correct regarding a byte?

Each number, special character, and letter of the alphabet is represented as a byte Equal to 8 bits

A computer that is integrated (is a part of) with a larger device, such as a programmable thermostat, is called a(n) __ computer. It has a real-time operating system (RTOS).

Embedded

Small computers can be found in many devices such as anti-lock brakes, programmable coffee pots and thermostats. They come with real time operating system (RTOS). Instructions Small computers that are a component of other devices are called ___ computers.

Embedded

Sold in categories such as CAT5e (enhanced) or CAT6, or CAT7 cable is commonly used for connecting devices in a network. These are commonly called _____________ cables.

Ethernet

Used for data storage.

File server

The amount of space a device takes up on a desk or table is referred to as its _____. Multiple choice question.

Footprint

One billion bytes of data

Gigabyte

The speed of most modern processors is measured in _____.

Gigahertz

Which of the following is fastest - hertz, megahertz, gigahertz or kilohertz?

Gigahertz

The output of a computer that creates a visual image is called _______.

Graphics

The output of visual images created by a computer is known as ____.

Graphics

______ is the standard for video and audio input into televisions today.

HDMI

__________ is the standard for video and audio input into televisions today.

HDMI

The physical parts of a computer such as the system unit (like the tower unit shown) or a monitor are referred to as computer .

Hardware

What is equal to one cycle per second?

Hertz

Tablet computer

Highly mobile—you can use it while standing or walking around

Laptop computer

Hinged, clamshell-type mobile computer

Select all that apply Which three of the following are commonly associated with laptop computers?

Integrated keyboard, monitor, and touchpad Mobile Full operating system

One thousand bytes of data

Kilobyte

Designed for those who need a mobile computer but need to enter a large amount of data

Laptop computer

The port found on most iPhones (prior to the iPhone 15) is referred to as a _______ port.

Lightning

The correct abbreviation for megahertz is _____

MHz

While an advanced research laboratory might have a supercomputer, a business that handles numerous simultaneous transactions would not need a supercomputer. Instructions An organization that needs to process thousands of simultaneous transactions probably has a ___ computer

Mainframe

One million bytes of data

Megabyte

Megahertz means one _________ cycles (or instructions) per second.

Million

Mainframe

More powerful than a server, less powerful than a supercomputer. Not designed to calculate huge formulas, but able to manage thousands of transactions simultaneously. Often operated by businesses such as large banks or credit card companies.

Supercomputer

Most powerful type of computer Many of these are owned by research universities and government agencies such as the NSA. NASA uses them to determine gravitational fluctuations that might indicate additional planets in the solar system

High-Definition _______________ Interface is a standard interface for audio-video connectivity which allows for the transmission of high-definition audio and video signals.

Multi-media

Select all that apply Which three of the following are common types of servers?

Network Server File Server Web Server

Used to control access to resources such as printers and applications on a network.

Network server

Desktop computer

Not mobile, but allows for relatively easy upgrade and expansion.

All-in-one computer

Not mobile, but since most of its components are housed behind the monitor it takes relatively little space on your desk.

Which three of the following are external storage devices?

Optical (DVD) drive External hard drive Universal serial bus (USB) drive

1,000 terabytes of data

Petabyte

Rank the storage capacities from highest to lowest. Place the highest capacity (largest) at the top.

Petabyte Terabyte Gigabyte Megabyte Kilobyte

A hole or slot in a computer, designed to accept a specific connector, is called a _________.

Port

All computations and activities in a digital device are conducted by the ___

Processor

A set of rules or agreements for communication between devices that determine how data are transmitted and received is called ________.

Protocols

IP, FTP, HTTP, and HTTPS are all acronyms that describe different ______.

Protocols

With the power of atoms and molecules for memory and processing tasks, __________ computing uses a basic unit called a qubit.

Quantum

Programs and data currently being used by the processor are placed in the ___.

RAM

The person in this picture is installing __________ into a computer

RAM

F A type of interface that enables communication between digital devices, allows data transfer, and for devices to be electrically charged is called Universal _______________ Bus.

Serial

What use approximately 1 byte of data?

Single letter

Data from the hard drive reaches the CPU ___ than data from the RAM.

Slower

A cell phone that allows you to surf the web is called a(n) ___. This is actually a powerful computer capable of accepting input, processing data into information, providing data, and storing data.

Smartphone

A hardware component that keeps data and information when the device is not powered is called a ____ device.

Storage

Devices allowing the retention of data, when your computer has been shut down, for future use are called _________.

Storage

Highly mobile device that can be used while standing or even walking

Tablet computer

One trillion bytes of data

Terabyte

Select all that apply Select 3 characteristics of a tablet computer.

Usually has a mobile operating system Has as a touchscreen Is highly mobile

Used to control access to resources on the Web.

Webserver

Bus ______________, is measured in bits. A 64-bit bus can transmit 64 bits of data

Width

The amount of data that can be transmitted at a given time by a bus is called bus _______

Width

Devices that integrate the computer case (chassis) and system components into the monitor, but have an external keyboard and mouse are called ___ computers

all-in-one

A channel over which information flows inside a digital device is called a ________

bus

Fill in the blank question. Hard drive __________________ is the amount of storage you have available to save data and information.

capacity, or space, or size

A digital device that accepts input, processes and stores the input, and provides output is a ____.

computer

This personal computer is called a notebook or a . It is popular with students because it is relatively affordable and powerful and the integrated keyboard makes it easy to input text.

laptop

Because a metal platter is physically spinning, hard drives have _____ (wider, longer, shorter or faster access times,

longer access games

While not designed to solve complex technical formulas, a computer that is more powerful than a server computer, and used by organizations to process large numbers of transactions simultaneously is called a ________.

mainframe

Fill in the blank question. In an all-in-one computer, such as the one pictured in the image, the motherboard is housed behind the

monitor

One of the keys of quantum computing is the ______

qubit

A computer system in a network that is shared by multiple users is called a ___________.

server

The average tablet computer has a larger, smaller, same size storage capacity OR larger hard drive than the average laptop computer

smaller storage capacity

Most desktop computers come with a traditional hard drive. The purpose of the hard drive is to _______________ data.

store

The most powerful computers, __________________, can evaluate complex data very quickly. Many of these computers in the United States are owned by the government or major research institutions and can cost $1 million dollars or more.

suercomputers

Because they are inexpensive and reliable ___ have become extremely popular storage devices.

thumbdrives (USB or flash drives)