Patho #2

A patients arterial gas reveals decrease carbon dioxide levels. What is the most likely cause of this situation?

Hyperventilation

A nurse caring for a patient with a sub-acute infective endocarditis knows that

A microbe of low virulence attacks abnormal or damaged heart valves.

A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a patient who has a sucking chest wound resulting from a gunshot. The client has a blood pressure of 100/60, a weak pulse rate of 118 and a respiratory rate of 40. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Administer Oxygen via nasal cannula

A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a patient who has extensive partial and full thickness burns on the head, neck, and chest. While planning the patient's care the nurse should identify which of the following risks as the priority for assessment and intervention>

Airway obstruction

A 30-year-old presenting with hematuria, menorrhagia, and bleeding gums is diagnosed with immune thrombocytic purpura (ITP). The nurse realizes the most likely cause is

Antibody destruction of platelets

A 5-year-old patient is diagnosed with acute leukemia. The patient will most likely be treated with

Chemotherapy

A 10 year old develops pneumonia. Physical exam reveals subcostal and intercostal retraction. The child reports that breathing is difficult with feeling that " I cannot get enough air" What term should the nurse use to document this condition

Dyspnea

A nurse is caring for a client who has emphysema. Which of the following should the nurse expect to assess in this client? Select all that apply

Dyspnea,Barrel chest, shallow respirations

Which of the following lab values would the nurse expect in a patient who has sustained trauma to the lungs and chest wall and is experiencing respiratory failure?

Elevated PaCO2

Pericarditis causes a reduction in cardiac output as a result of which of the following?

Excess fluid in the pericardial cavity, which decreases ventricular filling

Compensation mechanisms for decreased cardiac output in cases of congestive heart failure include

Increased renin and aldosterone secretions

A 40-year-old develops disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) . Upon obtaining the history, which finding is most likely the cause for this condition?

Sepsis

A patient who experiences chronic gastrointestinal bleeding is diagnosed with anemia. What is the primary cause of the patient's anemia?

Iron deficiency

Multiple opportunistic infections develop with acute leukemia primarily because:

Many circulating leukocytes are immature

Airway obstruction contributing to increased airflow resistance and hypoventilation in asthma is caused by

Mucus secretions, bronchoconstriction, and airway edema.

A nurse is planning care for a client following a cardiac catherization accessed through his femoral artery. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Perform neurovascular check with vital signs

A patient presents to the emergency department with complaints of difficulty breathing and fever. Upon assessment, the nurse notes that the patient has a fever of 102.2 F , HR 94, RR 28, and BP 124/78. The patients oxygen saturation is 89% in room air. The nurse auscultates the patient's lungs and notes decreased breath sounds to the right lower lobe and crackles to the left lower lobe. Based upon these findings, what does the nurse suspect the patient may be experiencing

Pneumonia

The nurse is aware that hypercapnea can lead to which of the following?

Respiratory acidosis

The nurse is interpreting a patient's arterial blood gas results. Based in the lab results below, which of the following is the correct interpretation? pH 7.29 PaCO2 60 HCO3 23

Respiratory acidosis

A 50-year-old presents with hypotension, hypoxemia and tracheal deviation to the left. Tests reveal that the air pressure in the pleural cavity exceeds barometric pressure in the atmosphere. Based upon these assessment findings, what does the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing?

Tension pneumothorax

A patient recently diagnosed with pernicious anemia asks the nurse "how long will it take for this disease to be cured?" Which of the following is the best response from the nurse?

This disease requires lifelong Vitamin B12 injections and isn't cured

In burn injury patients, the Rule of 9 is used to estimate

Total body surface area burned.

The nurse is preparing a patient for an echocardiogram. The nurse explains that an echocardiogram is used to demonstrate any abnormal

movement if the heart valves